Unit 2 Section B 1a-1e & Vocabulary in Use(知识清单)英语新教材人教版八年级上册

2026-08-17
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语人教版八年级上册
年级 八年级
章节 1a-1e,Vocabulary in Use
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-新授课
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
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Unit 2 Home Sweet Home Section B (1a-1e& Vocabulary in Use) 核心知识梳理 一、必背词汇 ( 1 / 11 )学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. 差不多;几乎(副词):almost 2. 旅行;历程(名词)& 旅行(动词):journey 3. 拉;拖;拽(动词&名词):pull 4. 行李(名词):luggage 5. 熟悉的(形容词):familiar 6. 笑话(名词)&开玩笑(动词):joke 7. 几个;一些(代词):several 8. 作者(名词):writer 9. 描述;形容(动词):describe 10. 无论去哪里;在任何地方(副词&连词): wherever 11. 也许;可能(副词):perhaps 12. 盘子;碟子(名词):plate 13. 刚刚(副词):freshly 14. 发臭;闻到(动词)&气味;臭味(名词):smell 1. 差不多;几乎(副词): 2. 旅行;历程(名词)& 旅行(动词): 3. 拉;拖;拽(动词&名词): 4. 行李(名词): 5. 熟悉的(形容词): 6. 笑话(名词)&开玩笑(动词): 7. 几个;一些(代词): 8. 作者(名词): 9. 描述;形容(动词): 10. 无论去哪里;在任何地方(副词&连词): 11. 也许;可能(副词): 12. 盘子;碟子(名词): 13. 刚刚(副词): 14. 发臭;闻到(动词)&气味;臭味(名词): ( 2 / 11 )学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 二、必会考点 1、At the end of the road, I saw Grandpa and my little cousin standing in the cold wind waiting for us.在路的尽头,我看到外公和我的表弟站在寒风中等我们。 【知识点】(1)at the end of 在......的尽头;在......的末端 例句:I arrived at the end of April我是四月底到达的。 There are many interesting things along the way, and best of all, there will be a surprise at the end of the trail. 沿路有许多有趣的事物,最棒的是,在小路的尽头会有一个惊喜。 【拓展】in the end最后;终于 例句: He found the bag in the end.最后他找到了那个包。 (2)see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 例句:In the morning, you can see people running in parks or along city streets.在早晨, 你能看见人们在公园里或沿着城市的街道跑步。 【辨析】see sb doing sth与see sb do sth see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事强调看见的动作正在进行。强调此动作的进行性、连续性 I saw her reading an interesting novel in the library yesterday.昨天我看见她在图书馆正在读一本有趣的小说。 see sb do sth 看见某人做了某事强调看见了某个动作发生的全过程。强调此动作已完成或经常做 I saw him cross the street safely and enter the building.我看见他安全地穿过街道,进了大楼。 【拓展】wait 的其他用法 ①wait a minute/moment 稍等一下 例句:Wait a minute. Let me think about it. 等一下,让我考虑一下。 ②wait to do sth 等候做某事 例句:They are waiting to cross the street.他们在等着过马路。 【即时练习】 I saw Grandpa ________ in the cold wind. A.stand B.to stand C.standing 2. Grandpa helped us pull the heavy luggage into the house. 爷爷帮我们把沉重的行李拉进屋里。 【知识点】pull sth into 拉进,拉入 【拓展】pull 的动词短语 ①pull out 拔出;(火车、汽车等)出站。 例如:She pulled out a pen from her bag. 她从包里掏出一支笔。 The train pulled out of the station. 火车驶出了车站。 ②pull up(使)停下;拔起 。 例如:The driver pulled up at the traffic light. 司机在红绿灯前停下了车。 He pulled up the weeds in the garden. 他把花园里的杂草拔了出来。 ③pull down 拆毁;拉倒。 例如: They are going to pull down the old building.他们打算拆除这座旧建筑。 ④pull through(使)渡过难关;(使)康复。 例如: With the doctor's help, he pulled through the illness.在医生的帮助下,他从疾病中康复了。 The company managed to pull through the financial crisis.这家公司设法渡过了金融危机。 【即时练习】 Grandpa helped us pull the heavy luggage ________ the house. A.of B.into C.at 3. I shared the snacks with my cousin and told Grandpa about school.我和表弟分享了零食,还跟外公讲了学校里的事。 【知识点】 share sth with sb把-与分享:表示与某人分享具体的物品、想法、感受、经历等。 例句:At lunch,she shared the cake with friends.(云南中考)吃午饭时,她和朋友们分享了蛋糕。 We share joy with our friends at the party.我们在聚会上和朋友们分享喜悦。 4. "Mm, the familiar taste of home!"'said Mum.“嗯,熟悉的家的味道!”妈妈说。 【知识点】familiar 形容词,熟悉的 【常用搭配】be familiar with 对.....熟悉 例句:They are already familiar faces on our TV screens.他们已经是我们电视屏幕上熟悉的面孔了。 Are you familiar with this type of machine?你熟悉这种机器吗? 【辨析】be familiar with与 be familiar to be familiar with 某人对.....熟悉,主语通常是人 be familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉的,主语通常是物 例句:I'm familiar with this song. 我对这首歌很熟悉。 The voice on the phone was familiar to her.电话里的声音对她来说很熟悉。 【即时练习】 1.I was born and grew up in this city, so I was very _______ with it. A.popular B.familiar C.honest D.careful 2.— Are you ________ with the English song? — Yes. I often listen to it in my brother’s music class. A.free B.fresh C.familiar D.comfortable 3.The________ smell in my home always makes me feel relaxed and warm. A.fresh B.familiar C.strange D.average 5. In the text, what words are used to describe people's feelings?在文中,哪些词是用来描述人们的感受的? 【知识点】describe 动词,描述;形容;后面可跟名词、代词或宾语从句。 【常见搭配】describe sb/sth to sb 向某人描述某人/某物 describe sb /sth as.把某人/某物描述成 例句:What a lovely gift! Could you describe it? 多么可爱的礼物啊!你能描述一下它吗? Can you describe the new product to me?你能向我描述一下这款新产品吗? His good friends describe him as a genius.他的好朋友们称他为天才。 【拓展】describe 的名词形式为 description。 例句:That is a description of the animal那是对这只动物的描述。 【即时练习】 — More subways are running in our city, and traffic is much better now. — Yes. The changes really ________ our fast development. A.guess B.repeat C.describe D.accept 6. No matter how long I'm away,home is always glad to see me again.不论我离开多久,家永远欢喜我的归来。 【知识点】no matter 不论;不要紧;表示“不论,不管”时,后跟what/who/where/when/how 等疑问词,引导让步状语从句,表达无论发生什么情况,都不会改变某种结果或决定。表示“不要紧”时,一般单独使用。 例句:No matter how old you are, there will always be lessons in front of you.你无论多大,面前总会有需要学习的东西。 No matter where you go, I can find you.无论你去哪里,我都能找到你。 No matter, because everything is cooked through.不要紧,因为每样东西都是煮熟的。 【即时练习】 1. ______ hard you work, you can’t finish it alone. A. No matter what B. No matter how C. No matter who D. No matter where 2.—Will you go camping this weekend? —Yes, ______ the weather is like. A. no matter how B. no matter what C. no matter when D. no matter who 3. ______ you are, you must follow the school rules. A. No matter who B. No matter what C. No matter which D. No matter how 7. It's starting to smell.它开始发臭了。 【知识点】 smell 动词,发臭;闻到 例句:His feet really smell 他的脚很臭. I can smell nice noodle soup.我能闻到香喷喷的面汤味。 【拓展】①smell连系动词]闻起来,其后接形容词作表语。 例句:The cake smells delicious. 蛋糕闻起来很香。 ②smell 名词,气味;臭味 例句:Within a minute, a fantastic smell filled the kitchen.不到一分钟,一股奇妙的味道弥漫了整个厨房。 Yuk!What a smell!哎哟!好难闻的气味啊! 【即时练习】 1.Chinese cooking focuses on color, ________ and taste. A.smell B.touch C.hearing 2.—Dad, are you making cakes in the kitchen? They ________ sweet! —Yes, you can have one in five minutes. A.smell B.taste C.feel 8. Mum nodded, with tears in her eyes.妈妈点点头,眼里含着泪水。 【知识点】with tears in her eyes属于 with 的复合结构,也是独立主格结构。独立主格结构是由“名词/代词+形容词/副词/介词短语/分词/不定式”构成的复合结构,用于修饰整个句子,表示伴随、原因、时间、条件等含义。其特点是: (1) 逻辑主语独立:结构中的名词/ 代词是分词等的逻辑主语,与主句的主语不同。 (2)不包含谓语动词:不是完整的句子,而是作为状语存在。 with的独立主格结构常见形式 ①with +名词/代词+介词短语 例如:She came in, with a book in her hand. 她手里拿着一本书进来了。 The teacher stood there, with glasses on his nose.老师站在那里,鼻子上戴着眼镜。 ②with +名词/代词+形容词 例如:He slept, with the window open.他开着窗户睡觉。 The boy went out, with his face red.男孩脸红红的出去了。 ③with+名词/代词+分词 现在分词(主动含义): 例如:The girl left, with tears falling down her face.女孩离开了,泪水从她脸上滑落。 过去分词(被动含义): 例如:He sat there, with his hands crossed.他坐在那里,双手交叉。 ④with +名词/代词+不定式 例如:I can't go out, with so much work to do 有这么多工作要做,我不能出去。 【即时练习】 1. The boy ______ short hair is my deskmate. A. in B. with C. on D. at 2. Mr. Li, together with his students, ______ planting trees now. A. is B. are C. was D. were journey &trip & tour的易错辨析 1. journey侧重:长途、单程陆地旅行(路程远,耗时久),多指公路、火车长途出行,单程;书面,强调路途艰辛、距离长; 搭配:a long journey 长途跋涉 例:the journey to Beijing 去往北京的长途行程 2. trip侧重:短途往返出行,短距离,当天 / 一两天往返;出行目的多样(游玩、出差、办事); 可指短途旅游、通勤、公务出行; 固定搭配:a school trip 学校郊游;a business trip 出差 3. tour侧重:巡回观光、组团游览(有路线,多地打卡)带有 “巡回、参观” 含义,常跟着路线走,参观多个景点;旅游团、巡演、巡回演出专用; 搭配:a city tour 城市一日游;a concert tour 巡回演唱会 $Unit 2 Home Sweet Home Section B (1a-1e& Vocabulary in Use) 核心知识梳理 一、必背词汇 ( 1 / 11 )学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. 差不多;几乎(副词):almost 2. 旅行;历程(名词)& 旅行(动词):journey 3. 拉;拖;拽(动词&名词):pull 4. 行李(名词):luggage 5. 熟悉的(形容词):familiar 6. 笑话(名词)&开玩笑(动词):joke 7. 几个;一些(代词):several 8. 作者(名词):writer 9. 描述;形容(动词):describe 10. 无论去哪里;在任何地方(副词&连词): wherever 11. 也许;可能(副词):perhaps 12. 盘子;碟子(名词):plate 13. 刚刚(副词):freshly 14. 发臭;闻到(动词)&气味;臭味(名词):smell 1. 差不多;几乎(副词): 2. 旅行;历程(名词)& 旅行(动词): 3. 拉;拖;拽(动词&名词): 4. 行李(名词): 5. 熟悉的(形容词): 6. 笑话(名词)&开玩笑(动词): 7. 几个;一些(代词): 8. 作者(名词): 9. 描述;形容(动词): 10. 无论去哪里;在任何地方(副词&连词): 11. 也许;可能(副词): 12. 盘子;碟子(名词): 13. 刚刚(副词): 14. 发臭;闻到(动词)&气味;臭味(名词): ( 2 / 11 )学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 二、必会考点 1、At the end of the road, I saw Grandpa and my little cousin standing in the cold wind waiting for us.在路的尽头,我看到外公和我的表弟站在寒风中等我们。 【知识点】(1)at the end of 在......的尽头;在......的末端 例句:I arrived at the end of April我是四月底到达的。 There are many interesting things along the way, and best of all, there will be a surprise at the end of the trail. 沿路有许多有趣的事物,最棒的是,在小路的尽头会有一个惊喜。 【拓展】in the end最后;终于 例句: He found the bag in the end.最后他找到了那个包。 (2)see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 例句:In the morning, you can see people running in parks or along city streets.在早晨, 你能看见人们在公园里或沿着城市的街道跑步。 【辨析】see sb doing sth与see sb do sth see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事强调看见的动作正在进行。强调此动作的进行性、连续性 I saw her reading an interesting novel in the library yesterday.昨天我看见她在图书馆正在读一本有趣的小说。 see sb do sth 看见某人做了某事强调看见了某个动作发生的全过程。强调此动作已完成或经常做 I saw him cross the street safely and enter the building.我看见他安全地穿过街道,进了大楼。 【拓展】wait 的其他用法 ①wait a minute/moment 稍等一下 例句:Wait a minute. Let me think about it. 等一下,让我考虑一下。 ②wait to do sth 等候做某事 例句:They are waiting to cross the street.他们在等着过马路。 【即时练习】 I saw Grandpa ________ in the cold wind. A.stand B.to stand C.standing 【答案】C 2. Grandpa helped us pull the heavy luggage into the house. 爷爷帮我们把沉重的行李拉进屋里。 【知识点】pull sth into 拉进,拉入 【拓展】pull 的动词短语 ①pull out 拔出;(火车、汽车等)出站。 例如:She pulled out a pen from her bag. 她从包里掏出一支笔。 The train pulled out of the station. 火车驶出了车站。 ②pull up(使)停下;拔起 。 例如:The driver pulled up at the traffic light. 司机在红绿灯前停下了车。 He pulled up the weeds in the garden. 他把花园里的杂草拔了出来。 ③pull down 拆毁;拉倒。 例如: They are going to pull down the old building.他们打算拆除这座旧建筑。 ④pull through(使)渡过难关;(使)康复。 例如: With the doctor's help, he pulled through the illness.在医生的帮助下,他从疾病中康复了。 The company managed to pull through the financial crisis.这家公司设法渡过了金融危机。 【即时练习】 Grandpa helped us pull the heavy luggage ________ the house. A.of B.into C.at 【答案】B 3. I shared the snacks with my cousin and told Grandpa about school.我和表弟分享了零食,还跟外公讲了学校里的事。 【知识点】 share sth with sb把-与分享:表示与某人分享具体的物品、想法、感受、经历等。 例句:At lunch,she shared the cake with friends.(云南中考)吃午饭时,她和朋友们分享了蛋糕。 We share joy with our friends at the party.我们在聚会上和朋友们分享喜悦。 4. "Mm, the familiar taste of home!"'said Mum.“嗯,熟悉的家的味道!”妈妈说。 【知识点】familiar 形容词,熟悉的 【常用搭配】be familiar with 对.....熟悉 例句:They are already familiar faces on our TV screens.他们已经是我们电视屏幕上熟悉的面孔了。 Are you familiar with this type of machine?你熟悉这种机器吗? 【辨析】be familiar with与 be familiar to be familiar with 某人对.....熟悉,主语通常是人 be familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉的,主语通常是物 例句:I'm familiar with this song. 我对这首歌很熟悉。 The voice on the phone was familiar to her.电话里的声音对她来说很熟悉。 【即时练习】 1.I was born and grew up in this city, so I was very _______ with it. A.popular B.familiar C.honest D.careful 【答案】B 2.— Are you ________ with the English song? — Yes. I often listen to it in my brother’s music class. A.free B.fresh C.familiar D.comfortable 【答案】C 3.The________ smell in my home always makes me feel relaxed and warm. A.fresh B.familiar C.strange D.average 【答案】B 5. In the text, what words are used to describe people's feelings?在文中,哪些词是用来描述人们的感受的? 【知识点】describe 动词,描述;形容;后面可跟名词、代词或宾语从句。 【常见搭配】describe sb/sth to sb 向某人描述某人/某物 describe sb /sth as.把某人/某物描述成 例句:What a lovely gift! Could you describe it? 多么可爱的礼物啊!你能描述一下它吗? Can you describe the new product to me?你能向我描述一下这款新产品吗? His good friends describe him as a genius.他的好朋友们称他为天才。 【拓展】describe 的名词形式为 description。 例句:That is a description of the animal那是对这只动物的描述。 【即时练习】 — More subways are running in our city, and traffic is much better now. — Yes. The changes really ________ our fast development. A.guess B.repeat C.describe D.accept 【答案】C 6. No matter how long I'm away,home is always glad to see me again.不论我离开多久,家永远欢喜我的归来。 【知识点】no matter 不论;不要紧;表示“不论,不管”时,后跟what/who/where/when/how 等疑问词,引导让步状语从句,表达无论发生什么情况,都不会改变某种结果或决定。表示“不要紧”时,一般单独使用。 例句:No matter how old you are, there will always be lessons in front of you.你无论多大,面前总会有需要学习的东西。 No matter where you go, I can find you.无论你去哪里,我都能找到你。 No matter, because everything is cooked through.不要紧,因为每样东西都是煮熟的。 【即时练习】 1. ______ hard you work, you can’t finish it alone. A. No matter what B. No matter how C. No matter who D. No matter where 答案:B 2.—Will you go camping this weekend? —Yes, ______ the weather is like. A. no matter how B. no matter what C. no matter when D. no matter who 答案:B 3. ______ you are, you must follow the school rules. A. No matter who B. No matter what C. No matter which D. No matter how 答案:A 7. It's starting to smell.它开始发臭了。 【知识点】 smell 动词,发臭;闻到 例句:His feet really smell 他的脚很臭. I can smell nice noodle soup.我能闻到香喷喷的面汤味。 【拓展】①smell连系动词]闻起来,其后接形容词作表语。 例句:The cake smells delicious. 蛋糕闻起来很香。 ②smell 名词,气味;臭味 例句:Within a minute, a fantastic smell filled the kitchen.不到一分钟,一股奇妙的味道弥漫了整个厨房。 Yuk!What a smell!哎哟!好难闻的气味啊! 【即时练习】 1.Chinese cooking focuses on color, ________ and taste. A.smell B.touch C.hearing 【答案】A 2.—Dad, are you making cakes in the kitchen? They ________ sweet! —Yes, you can have one in five minutes. A.smell B.taste C.feel 【答案】A 8. Mum nodded, with tears in her eyes.妈妈点点头,眼里含着泪水。 【知识点】with tears in her eyes属于 with 的复合结构,也是独立主格结构。独立主格结构是由“名词/代词+形容词/副词/介词短语/分词/不定式”构成的复合结构,用于修饰整个句子,表示伴随、原因、时间、条件等含义。其特点是: (1) 逻辑主语独立:结构中的名词/ 代词是分词等的逻辑主语,与主句的主语不同。 (2)不包含谓语动词:不是完整的句子,而是作为状语存在。 with的独立主格结构常见形式 ①with +名词/代词+介词短语 例如:She came in, with a book in her hand. 她手里拿着一本书进来了。 The teacher stood there, with glasses on his nose.老师站在那里,鼻子上戴着眼镜。 ②with +名词/代词+形容词 例如:He slept, with the window open.他开着窗户睡觉。 The boy went out, with his face red.男孩脸红红的出去了。 ③with+名词/代词+分词 现在分词(主动含义): 例如:The girl left, with tears falling down her face.女孩离开了,泪水从她脸上滑落。 过去分词(被动含义): 例如:He sat there, with his hands crossed.他坐在那里,双手交叉。 ④with +名词/代词+不定式 例如:I can't go out, with so much work to do 有这么多工作要做,我不能出去。 【即时练习】 1. The boy ______ short hair is my deskmate. A. in B. with C. on D. at 答案:B 2. Mr. Li, together with his students, ______ planting trees now. A. is B. are C. was D. were 答案:A journey &trip & tour的易错辨析 1. journey侧重:长途、单程陆地旅行(路程远,耗时久),多指公路、火车长途出行,单程;书面,强调路途艰辛、距离长; 搭配:a long journey 长途跋涉 例:the journey to Beijing 去往北京的长途行程 2. trip侧重:短途往返出行,短距离,当天 / 一两天往返;出行目的多样(游玩、出差、办事); 可指短途旅游、通勤、公务出行; 固定搭配:a school trip 学校郊游;a business trip 出差 3. tour侧重:巡回观光、组团游览(有路线,多地打卡)带有 “巡回、参观” 含义,常跟着路线走,参观多个景点;旅游团、巡演、巡回演出专用; 搭配:a city tour 城市一日游;a concert tour 巡回演唱会 $

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Unit 2 Section B 1a-1e & Vocabulary in Use(知识清单)英语新教材人教版八年级上册
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Unit 2 Section B 1a-1e & Vocabulary in Use(知识清单)英语新教材人教版八年级上册
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Unit 2 Section B 1a-1e & Vocabulary in Use(知识清单)英语新教材人教版八年级上册
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