Unit 2 Travelling Around 重点词汇一轮讲练用记 导学案 -2027届高三英语人教版必修第一册

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了听、说、读、写模块核心词汇及短语，以“考点拓展+易混辨析+真题演练+语境串记”构建知识网络，通过问题链和任务驱动引导学生自主梳理，形成从基础到应用的层次化认知框架。 亮点在于自主诊断与思维品质培养，开篇设置单词变形、短语搭配等自测题，学生通过错题定位薄弱点。每个模块配有“语境串记”和“句式升级”练习，提升语言能力与学习能力，教师可依学情精准指导，支持个性化复习，培养自主备考习惯。

Listening and Speaking 1.apply v. 应用;实施 Now Pereira has teamed up with plant scientist Professor Wolfgang Busch to apply SLEAP to plants.(2026• 浙江1月卷)如今，Pereira已与植物科学家Wolfgang Busch教授合作，将 SLEAP 技术应用于植物领域。。 【考点拓展】 apply oneself to 使致力(于),使专心从事 apply for 申请,请求 apply to适用于; 向...申请(或要求) application n. 适用，应用，运用; 申请，请求，申请表格; 勤勉，用功 applicant n. 申请人，求职人; 请求者 ①If we're covering friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life ________(apply). (2026• 浙江1月卷)例如，在讲解摩擦力时，我会将不同的轮胎带入课堂，以便学生能够使用这些轮胎进行实验，观察摩擦力在实际应用中的作用。 ②There has been a rise in the number of students_____________ food courses at UK universities and colleges. (2023•全国乙卷）申请英国大学和学院食品课程的学生人数有所增加。 ③On the basis of that conversation, I __________ go back to university and study creative writing.(2026• 全国II卷) 基于那次对话，我申请重返大学，攻读创意写作专业。 ④My brother told me he _________________________________ last evening.(读后续写之细节描写)我弟弟昨晚告诉我致力于学习法语。 ⑤Not standing a chance against competitive________(apply), I came out of the interview with an upset look.(2025• 北京卷)在竞争激烈的应聘者面前毫无胜算，我一脸沮丧地走出面试。 ①applications②applying for ③applied to④applied himself to learning French ⑤applicants 【句式升级】 If you apply yourself to the job in hand, you will soon finish it. _________________, you will soon finish it.(分词短语作状语) Applying yourself to the job in hand 【熟词生义】 v. 涂，敷 Our roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt, attach icing (糖霜) ears , apply icing eyes and nose. 我们在工厂里的工作很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的皮带上，加上糖霜的耳朵，涂上糖霜的眼睛和鼻子 【语境串记】 All applicants who have applied for the job must hand in the application forms before next Monday.所有申请这份工作的人必须在下星期一之前把申请表交上来。 2.rent v.租用，租借；出租，将……租给； 可租用，租金为 We had decided on key items for the apartment we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to store our supposedly important objects. (2025• 全国I卷)我们决定了要带到市区新公寓的关键物品，捐赠了能捐赠的东西，并租了一个地方存放那些我们认为重要的物品。 n.租金，租用费 How much rent do you pay for this place?你租这个地方的租金是多少？ 【考点拓展】 rent out租出 free of rent免付租金 【易混辨析】rent/let/hire/employ rent 指长时间出租、租用，通常用于房地产，一般不用于人。 let 意为出租，特指出租房屋、土地、车辆等。 hire 指短期雇用(可指雇人，也可指租用车船等)、租用与hire out意思相反。 employ 较正式用语，使用范围很广。指商店、公司等团体长期雇用别人，也指新人雇用，一般工作相对稳定，有固定的报酬，宾语一般是人。 3.pack n.包;捆;包裹;背包；一包(盒,箱,袋)，此时相当于package However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes be offered in smaller packs.(2024• 浙江1月卷) 然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。 II. vt. 装(箱);给(某人)将(某物)装入行李；捆扎;包装 Packing up my parents’ house felt like a massive goodbye — that bedroom, those memories, the feeling of safety and shelter I always felt there. (2026• 北京卷)收拾父母的房子，感觉就像一场巨大的告别——那间卧室、那些回忆，以及我曾经在那里感受到的安全与庇护。 That night, we prepared and packed two-dozen sandwiches into our backpack. The next morning, we took the train into Manhattan again.(读后续写之动作描写) 那天晚上，我们准备了两打三明治，并把它们装进了背包。第二天早上，我们又坐火车去了曼哈顿。 【熟词生义】 v.挤满；夹带着 Its calendar is always packed with headline-grabbing events.(2026• 全国I卷)它的日程总是挤满了引人注目的活动。 A storm packing 75 mph winds swept across the area last night.昨晚暴风雨夹带着每小时75英里的狂风横扫本地。 3.amaze v. 使惊奇/惊愕 Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. (2024• 新课标II卷) Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。 【图表助记】 ①Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was ________(amaze) that he improved after two or three treatments. (2024• 新课标I卷) 然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。 ②Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an ________(amaze)meal out of almost anything.(2025• 全国II卷)然而，它提醒我们，有很多方法可以解决可持续发展的问题，你几乎可以用任何东西做一顿美味的饭。 ③The old woman stayed there for a while, and looked at everything in________(amaze). (读后续写之细节描写) 那个老太太站在那里好一会儿，惊讶地望着一切。 ①amazed②amazing③ amazement 【易混辨析】 amazing/amazed amazing adj. 令人吃惊的，令人惊讶的。为现在分词形容词，它表示中心词或主语特征，常修饰物。 amazed adj. 吃惊的；显示出惊奇的。为过去分词形容词，它表示中心词或主语的感受，常修饰人 【句式升级】 It amazed us to hear that you were leaving.( amaze sb.) →①______________________ that you were leaving.(it is amazing that ) →②We ______ _____ _____ hear that you were leaving.( be amazed to do .) →③ ______ _____ _____, you were leaving.( to one's amazement) ①It was amazing to hear ② were amazed to amazed ③To our amazement 【语境串记】 To my amazement, the amazing news amazed the whole class and their teachers were also amazed.令我惊讶的是，这个惊人的消息震惊了全班，他们的老师也很惊讶。 4.arrange v. 整理，排列，布置，安排，筹划 What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean. (2023·浙江1月)  重要的不仅仅是一串符号的外部,还有(它们的)内部,不仅仅是它们的排列方式,还有它们的含义。 【考点拓展】 arranged adj.安排的 arrange for为...作安排 arrange to do sth.使某事发生，准备 arrange with sb. about sth.与某人商定某事/物 arrangement n. 安排，准备，排列，协商，整理，布置 ①On July 9th, we will ________________________ to pick you up at the airport exit, where you can follow the signs to find us.(应用文之邀请信) 7月9日，我们会安排校车在机场出口接您，您可以按照标志找到我们。 ②To begin with, various activities _____________________________________, such as paper cutting, kung fu and Chinese calligraphy. 首先，将安排各种活动来体验中国传统文化，如剪纸、功夫和中国书法。 ③Groups of five or more require special ________(arrange) and must be confirmed in advance.(2024• 新课标I卷) 五人或以上的团体需要特别安排，必须提前确认。 ①arrange for the school bus② will be arranged to experience traditional Chinese culture③arrangements 【句式升级】 Since everything has been arranged well, the evening party will begin at 8 o'clock as planned. →____________________________________, the evening party will begin at 8 o'clock as planned. (with复合结构) With everything arranged well 5.extreme adj. 尽头的；极端的；极度的；偏激的；最后的 But as Aristotle observed over 2,000 years ago, actions pushed to their extreme turn into disasters.(2026• 北京卷)但正如亚里士多德两千多年前所指出的，行动若被推向极端，便会演变成灾难。 【考点拓展】 extremely adv. 极度，非常 Over time, I’ve found myself feeling ______(extreme) at home here. (2025• 全国II卷) 随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里有了宾至如归的感觉。 extremely 【易混辨析】extreme, fanatical , radical extreme 指倾向性很大，偏见很深的思想、激烈的行为和严厉的法规等； fanatical是贬义词，指怀有某种思想意识，如对宗教、道德、政治等带有狂热性或盲目崇拜的情绪，常常导致对观点和自己不同的人采取过激行动； radical强调对某事寻根究底或往往求其完全彻底。 【熟词生义】 n.极端；极端的事物。 Sometimes he eats too much and sometimes nothing. He goes from one extreme to the other. 有时他吃得太多，有时什么也不吃。他从一个极端走向另一个极端。 Reading and Thinking 1.narrow adj.狭窄的，狭小的；（想法、态度或信仰）狭隘的；勉强的，（成败）差距很小的 While Emily was driving on a narrow stretch of road, her car slid into a ditch (沟).(2026• 全国I卷)当艾米丽在一条狭窄路段驾驶时，她的汽车滑入了沟渠。 v.使缩小，压缩；使变窄，变窄 We are working hard to narrow the gap between out country and the developed countries. (应用文之发言稿)我们正在努力工作已缩小我们国家与发达国家自己的差距。 【考点拓展】 narrow down变狭窄;减少;缩小 narrowly adv. 以毫厘之差；勉强地；有限地 ①The search has narrowed _______ to a few streets where the gunman might be hidden.(读后续写之细节描写) 搜查的目标已经缩小到几条街道了，那持枪的歹徒可能就藏在那里的什么地方。 ②He was a lucky dog, for he________(narrow)escaped being killed by a car yesterday.他很幸运，因为他在昨天的车祸中侥幸生还。 ①down②narrowly 【一句多译】 这个孩子从船上掉入水中，险些淹死。 →①The child ___________________________________ drowning when he fell overboard.(narrow) →②The child ___________________________________when he fell overboard.(narrowly) ①had a narrow escape from②narrowly escaped being drowned 【语境串记】 My car finally came to a narrow road，some part of which narrowed to only 5 meters in width.At the moment，another car ran in our direction.It was running so fast that it narrowly missed hitting mine.我的车终于开到了一条狭窄的道路上，有一段路窄到只有5米宽。这时，另一辆车朝我们的方向开过来。它跑得太快了，差点撞到我的车。 2.power n. 能力；权利，势力；力量 For instance, hearing about the power of redemptive (拯救性的) stories, many people may feel forced to find a positive angle on horrible events.(2025• 北京卷)例如，听到救赎故事的力量，许多人可能会被迫从积极的角度看待恐怖事件。 While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity. (2025• 浙江1月卷) 性别化产品可能是一种很好的营销方式，但它也可能强化关于权力和身份的过时或有害的观念。 v.驱动，推动（机器或车辆） For instance, interactive exhibits powered by AI can adjust their content and difficulty level based on the user’s preferences and responses. (2026• 全国I卷)例如，由人工智能驱动的互动展品可以根据用户的偏好和反馈来调整其内容和难度等级。 【考点拓展】 come to / into power 掌权 in power 掌权，执政 beyond one’s power超出某人的能力 / 权利 have the power to do sth. /of doing sth. 有做某事的权力 do everything in one’s power to do sth. 竭尽全力做某事 powerful adj. 强有力的,强大的; 权力大的 powerless adj.无力的；[劳经] 无能力的，无权的 powerfully adv.强大地；强烈地；非常 ①I’m sorry I couldn’t do that, and it _________________________. (应用文之道歉信) 很抱歉，那件事我不能做，已超出了我的能力（权利）范围。 ②Science serves as a _____(power) tool for unlocking the mysteries of the universe, but understanding its limitations is essential for its effective application.(2025• 天津卷) 科学是解开宇宙奥秘的有力工具，但了解其局限性对于有效应用科学至关重要。 ③That’s why we can get protection whenever feel very_____(power) abroad. (应用文之职业发言稿) 这就是为什么当我们在国外感到无能为力时，我们可以得到保护。 ④The Caribbean Taino can speak to us now of their past achievements most _____(powerful) through the objects they made.（2023•全国乙卷） 加勒比泰诺人现在可以通过他们制造的物品向我们讲述他们过去的成就。 ①is beyond my power②powerful③ powerless④powerfully 【易混辨析】 【熟词生义】 v.驱动 In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI.(2024·课标卷II) 在错误的人手中，这样一本书可能会被证明和驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂。 【语境串记】 After he came into power, he didn’t feel he was powerful.He even felt he was powerless when he couldn’t protect his wife.他上台后，觉得自己并不强大。当他不能保护他的妻子时，他甚至觉得自己无能为力。 3.control v. 管理；统治；操纵；支配 Some schools have put in place policies, banning or controlling phone use during school hours.(2025• 全国II卷)一些学校已经制定了相关政策，禁止或控制学生在上课时间使用手机。 n.控制；控制能力 Across all participants, those in the beauty group scored almost 14% higher on average than the control group in abstract thinking. (2026• 全国I卷)在所有参与者中，美容组在抽象思维方面的平均得分比对照组高出近14%。 【考点拓展】 bring. . . under control 使……处于控制之下 beyond control　　　无法控制 in control of 掌握着; 控制着 lose control of 失去对……的控制 out of control 失去控制 under the control of . . . 在……的控制下 ①I shall put an experienced teacher in charge of that class to ____________________.(应用文之建议信)我将派一位有经验的老师管理那个班，管住孩子们。 ②Every boy dreams of being __________________, and this company can make the dream come true! (应用文之发言稿)每个男孩都梦想着能控制一个机器人，而这家公司可以让梦想成真！ ③Experts believe that a warm and comfortable bath seems to be a perfect way for a patient to recover from the fear of ____________________himself.(应用文之健康类)专家们认为一次温暖而舒适的洗浴似乎是最好的让病人从失控的恐惧中康复的方法。 ④It is reported that a bus went _____________on a highway south of the city last night.(读后续写之细节描写)据报道，一辆公交车昨天晚上在城南的公路上失控。 ①bring the children under control②in control of a robot ③losing control of ④out of control 4.official n. 官员；公务员；高层职员 He is an official at the local bank, who is always kind to me.(读后续写之人物描写) 他是这家地方银行的高级职员，对我总是很好。 adj. 官方的；正式的；公务（上）的 For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s Theatre.(2024• 浙江1月) 如欲下载课程，请访问儿童剧院官方网站。 【考点拓展】 officially adv.官方地，正式地 After he was _______(official)pronounced the world's oldest man, he offered this simple formula for a long and happy life.(应用文之人物介绍) 在他被正式宣布为世界上最长寿的人之后，他提出了一个简单的长寿和幸福生活的公式。 officially 5.recognize vt.认出，识别；承认，认可；认识到；公认 Ivy recognized a(n) unsettled feeling when Mia was applauded, and an ache in the heart when she compared herself with Mia. (2026• 北京卷)艾薇在米娅受到掌声时察觉到了一种不安的情绪，而当她与米娅相比较时，心中又涌起一阵痛楚。 【考点拓展】 recognize...as/to be承认……是……；认为……是…… It is recognized that...人们意识到…… recognition n．认出，认识，识别 recognizable adj.可辨认的；可认识的；可承认的 ①____________________________________thought decides behavior; nothing will be hard for a determined and persistent person. 人们普遍认为思想决定行为；世上无难事，只怕有心人。 ②AI is changing this by using image ________(recognize)technology to analyze exhibits.(2026• 全国I卷)人工智能正通过使用图像识别技术来分析展品，从而改变这一现状。 ③I walked up one road, down another, expecting to stumble on something ________(recognize). 我东投西奔，指望撞见认得的东西。 ④ Similarly, the corporate world has certainly known its fair share of disruption, yet it is only in the last couple of decades that the “Disruptor” has become a ________(recognize)figure . (2026• 北京卷)同样，商界也经历过不少变革与颠覆，但直到近几十年来，“颠覆者”才成为一个广为人知的角色。 ①It is widely recognized that ②recognition③recognizable 【易混辨析】recognize/know identify, recognize, make out/know identify 指辨别、确定人的身份或物品的归属等 recognize 指所辨认的人或物多是以前所熟悉的 make out 通常指通过人的感觉器官来辨别事物 know know指相互十分了解，十分熟悉。 【一句多译】 人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们所面临的最严重的问题之一。 →①___________________environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. →②Environmental pollution________________ one of the most serious problems that people face. ①It is recognised that ② is recognised to have become 【语境串记】 He recognized that he found out a sign of recognition on her face, but she wasn't recognisable for such a long time.他意识到他在她的脸上发现了认识她的迹象，但她已经很长时间没有被认出来了。 6.type n. 类型，种类; 一类（人或事物） Additionally, the research didn’t include all types of plastics. (2025• 全国I卷)此外，这项研究并没有包括所有类型的塑料。 v.（用计算机或打字机）打字；测定……的类型，分型 This letter will need to be typed out again.这封信需要再打一遍。 【考点拓展】 typist n.打字员；打字者 typical adj. 典型的; 特有的; 一贯的，平常的 be typical of　　　　　典型的, 表现为……的特征 It is typical of sb. to do... 某人一向做…… typically adv. 典型地，具有代表性的 typify v. 代表, 为……之典型 ①Like in _______(type) families, where boys were favored much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do housework.(2024• 全国甲卷) 就像在典型的家庭里，男孩比女孩更受宠爱，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。 ② Daji, or big open-air fairs, _______(typical) take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit.(2026• 全国I卷)大集市，或称大型露天集市，通常在农历的特定日期举行，例如最后一位数字为五或七的日期。 ③Jack is late again. It is typicalof him _______(keep) others waiting. 杰克又迟到了。让别人久等是他的特点。 ④The nurses' strike _______(type) public concern about our hospitals. 这次护士罢工集中地反映出公众对医疗事业的关心。 ⑤We need a replacement for the _______(type) who left last week.我们需要一个人来接替上周离职的打字员。 ①typical②typically③to keep④typifies⑤typist 【语境串记】 It was typical of the typist to eat all the types of junk food. To deal with the problem, he has made a typically complex plan.那个打字员吃各种各样的垃圾食品是典型的。为了解决这个问题，他制定了一个典型的复杂计划。 7.fly n. 苍蝇, 两翼昆虫, 飞行。 A fly was buzzing against the window.一只苍蝇嗡嗡地飞着，直撞窗子。 v. 飞行；乘飞机；飞翔, 飘扬, 溃逃 I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference.(2024• 新课标I卷)我原计划乘飞机去维也纳，然后乘公共汽车去布拉格参加一个会议。 【考点拓展】 flight n. 飞行,飞机的航程,航班,逃跑 There are no departures for the 18th. We have a _______(fly)leaving on the 15th and the 17th. (2026• 全国II卷)18日没有航班。我们有15日和17日的航班。 flight 【熟词生义】 adj. 机敏的, 敏捷的 This little dog is so fly that many people like it very much.这只小狗是如此的机灵，很多人都很喜欢它。 8.accommodate v.容纳；为……提供住宿；迎合，适应 But unfortunately, the landlady could not accommodate because all her rooms had been booked.(读后续写之细节描写)但是，不幸的是，这位房东不能接纳我们住宿，因为她的所有房间都被预订了。 【考点拓展】 accommodation住处 accommodate to 适应 accommodate with向……供应；提供；以……供应 ①You’ll get airport pickup, _________(accommodate) with breakfast, free-time activities.(2026• 北京卷)您将享受机场接送、含早餐的住宿以及自由活动时间。 ②Wherever he goes, he readily_____________________ new circumstances. 无论到哪儿他都能随即适应新环境。 ③During my one-week stay there, he___________________ the use of his car. 我在那儿一周的逗留期间,他把他的汽车提供我使用。 ①accommodation② accommodates to③accommodated me with 【易混辨析】 accommodate/adapt/adjust accommodate用于使之相适应的两事物之间悬殊极大的事物,带有一方暂时必须屈从另一方的意味; adapt用于使之适应的两事物之间差别较小的事物,将某一方稍加改变便可适应于另一方,带有一定的灵活性和适应性; adjust则着重于结果,即达到尽可能的符合或和谐。 【语境串记】 If you can't find any accommodation(s) elsewhere, here is a room which can accommodate up to five people.如果你在别处找不到住处，这里有一间最多可容纳五个人的房间。 9.unique adj. 独一无二的，独特的 Wow, that’s awesome! I’d like the unique atmosphere caught by the photographer.(2026• 全国I卷)哇，太棒了！我特别喜欢摄影师捕捉到的那种独特氛围。 【考点拓展】 uniquely adv. 唯一地 unique to … 只有……才有的 【易混辨析】only, single, unique和alone only 普通用词，侧重仅限于指定的人或物，而不需要更多； single 语气较强，强调仅此一个，再无第二个； unique 非正式用词，侧重在一类中唯一无可匹敌、无与伦比的特征； alone 着重专指某人或某物，而不是别的。 10.other than 除……之外； 不同于，非 He could never ever give any responses to his captor other than name, rank, serial number and date of birth. 除了自己的姓名、军衔、编号和出生日期外，他绝不可能向捕获他的人透露其他任何信息。 11.admire vt. 钦佩;欣赏；称赞,夸奖。 Admiring the beauty of art may be the ideal way to initiate the abstract cognitive processes.(2026• 全国I卷)欣赏艺术之美或许是启动抽象认知过程的理想方式。 【考点拓展】 admirable adj.令人钦佩的，极其出色的 admire sb. for sth. 由于……而钦佩某人 admiration n.钦佩,赞美,羡慕[U][(+for)]; 引人赞美的人(或物) ①But this highly informed, self-educated , and ________(admire) person prevented me doing so. (2024• 浙江1月) 但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。 ②She was a talented singer and won the________(admire) of all.(2026• 北京卷)她是一位才华横溢的歌手，赢得了所有人的钦佩。 ①admirable② admiration 【语境串记】 The moment I saw the scientist admired by everyone，words failed to express my admiration. He was an admirable scientist.当我看到那位人人都钦佩的科学家时，我的钦佩之情溢于言表。他是一位令人钦佩的科学家。 12.architect n.建筑师；设计师，缔造者 “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect.(2026• 全国II卷)“我是弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特最后一位原住客户，至今仍住在他为我设计的房子里，”雷斯利坐在这位著名建筑师所建住宅明亮开阔的客厅里说道。 【考点拓展】 architecture n.建筑设计，建筑风格；建筑学 architectural adj.建筑学的，建筑方面的；与建筑物相似的 ①We spent most of the morning on Swanston Street studying the historic _________(architect). (2026• 全国II卷)我们一大早就在斯旺斯顿街花了时间研究历史建筑。 ②The Forbidden City, which is a perfect blend of ancient Chinese _________(architect) marvels and history, is a must. 紫禁城是中国古代建筑奇迹和历史的完美结合，是必游之地。 ①architecture②architectural 【语境串记】 The Hotel of Fragrant Hill designed by Leoh Ming Pei, a famous Chinese-born American architect，is one of the most famous architectures in Beijing.由美籍华裔著名建筑师贝聿铭设计的香山饭店是北京最著名的建筑之一。 13.contact v. 接触; 联系;交际, 会晤 Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme. (2024• 北京卷)一旦确定了合适的配对，学生将被单独联系，并获得特别许可号码，以注册该计划。 n. 接触; 联系 They also gave us contact information for people who know them.(2026• 北京卷)他们还提供了认识他们的人的联系方式。 【考点拓展】 keep in contact/touch with sb. 与某人保持联系 be in contact with… 与……有联系 be out of contact with与……失去联系 get into contact with… 与……取得联系 lose contact with…与……失去联络 make contact with…与……取得联系 ①I have ________________________________ my mother by telephone for many years. 许多年来我一直与母亲保持电话联系。 ②His father is in prison and his mother _________________________. 他的爸爸在坐牢,他的妈妈失去了联系。(读后续写之细节描写) ③I don't usually ____________________________him. 我平常很少与他有私人上的往来。 ①kept in contact with②is out of contact③make much personal contact with 【易混辨析】contact, touch contact指接触的状态，即state of touching； touch 指“接触”这一行为，使……接触，或用手去触、摸等。 14.civil adj. 全民的, 市民的, 公民的, 国民的, 民间的.民事的, 根据民法的 It is due to human activities, such as civil war, conflict and missile attacks that some other heritages are also ruined. (应用文之发言稿)由于人类活动，如内战、冲突和导弹袭击，一些其他遗产也被破坏了。 【考点拓展】 civilian n.平民，百姓 civilize v.教化，熏陶；使文明，使开化 civilization n.文明；文明社会 ①The military may feel unable to hand over power to a ________(civil) president next year.军方可能觉得无法在明年把政权移交给一位民选总统。 ②It is important to be a ________(civil) tourist, for it not only better protects the beautiful natural scenery resources and historical sites but also helps us gain a pleasant travelling experience. (应用文之文化遗址)做一个文明的游客是很重要的，因为它不仅能更好地保护美丽的自然风光资源和历史遗迹，而且还能帮助我们获得愉快的旅行体验。 ③What followed was the convenience and potential threats brought to human ________(civil).随之而来的是给人类文明带来的便利和潜在的威胁。 ①civilian②Icivilized③civilization 【易混辨析】civil, polite, courteous civil 指“言谈举止尚不失礼的、不粗鲁的” polite 语意较强， 指“有礼貌的”、“有教养的” courteous指“彬彬有礼的”、“谦恭的” 【熟词生义】 adj. 有礼貌的 Try at least to be civil.至少要礼貌点儿。 15.make v.制造；制定；使变得，使处于；造成，引起；整理（床铺）；做，作出；强迫；挑选，任命 Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything.然而，它提醒我们，有很多方法可以解决可持续发展的问题，你几乎可以用任何东西做一顿美味的饭。 【考点拓展】 make+宾语+宾补”的结构，这里的宾补为动词动词原形。 这些宾补可为：形容词、不带to的不定式、名词、过去分词。 ①名词作宾补：注意：当表示某人独一无二的官衔的名词在句中做补足语时，表语和同位语时，名词前无冠词。 ②形容词作宾补。 ③不带to的不定式作宾补。注意：在英语中，在let, make, have, feel, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch 等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to，但是这些句子如果变成被动语态时带to。 ④V-ing形式作宾补：时通常在see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice, leave, get , have 等动词之后，表示该动作正在发生。 ⑤过去分词作宾补：动词的过去分词作宾语补足语时表明宾语是该动词的动作对象,动词与宾语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系。可以带动词过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有:find, feel, hear, see, have, get, leave, like, keep, expect, want, make等。 ①Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you _______(feel)like you have more of it.(2025• 全国II卷)然而，研究发现，把你的时间花在社区事业上实际上会让你觉得你有更多的时间。 ②The children were made ______(work) all the time by the bad boss.孩子们被那个坏老板逼得整天干活。 ③I looked up and noticed a snake ______(wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.我抬头一看，发现一条蛇蜿蜒爬上树去抓它的早餐。 ④Claire had her luggage _____(check)an hour before her plane left.克莱尔在飞机起飞前一小时托运了行李。 ①feel ②to work③winding④ checked 【帮你记词】 be made from由……制成 be made of 　“由……制成”, 表示从成品中可以看出原料 be made from “由……制成”, 表示从成品中看不出原料。 be made in 在某地制造 be made into 被制成…… be made up of 由……组成 make up编造(说法、解释等);弥补；虚构;组成;化妆;和好 make up for 弥补;偿还 make out 辨认出;理解 make use of 利用 make sense 有意义;讲得通 make up one’s mind (to do sth) 下决心做某事 make fun of 取笑、开玩笑、嘲笑 make sense of 理解、搞清……的意思 make use of/make the most of 利用、使用 make it成功；及时到达 make a difference 起作用，发生影响 make a fuss(about/over) 大惊小怪;小题大做;不断抱怨 make out 理解；看清楚；使显得 make sure 确定，确信；查明，弄清楚 maker n.制造者；造物主 ①Everyone is the______(make) of their own success.(2025• 北京卷) 每个人都是自己成功的创造者。 ②It’s one of 47 that ________the peaceful mid-20th-century modern village of Usonia.(2026• 全国II卷)它是构成宁静的20世纪中期现代村庄乌索尼亚的47个部分之一。 ③To speed up the process，please _______the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate.(2025• 浙江1月卷)为了加快流程，请确保您通过ILL申请表提交的信息准确无误。 ④The food you have available ________.(2025• 浙江1月卷)你所拥有的食物会产生巨大的影响。 ⑤I realized that this was true. I still _______made it through the next three years of college, even without the book.(2026• 全国I卷)我意识到这是真的。即使没有那本书，我也还是顺利度过了接下来的三年大学时光。 ⑥Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to _______________each day.(2025• 全国II卷)志愿活动让你觉得自己有能力，激励你充分利用每一天。 ⑦With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so demanding, the Inuit’s practical approach to morality___________ . (2024• 北京卷)在无情的加拿大北部生活要求如此苛刻，因纽特人对道德的实际态度是有道理的。 ⑧Regression is a crutch (拐杖) that allows you to ___________ wasted time.(2026• 浙江1月卷)回归分析是一种“拐杖”，可帮助您弥补所浪费的时间。 ① maker②make up③make sure ④makes a huge difference⑤make it⑥make the most of ⑦made good sense⑧make up for 16.transport v. 运送、运输 Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad.(2024• 新课标II)此外，在同一栋建筑里有一个系统，这意味着从土壤到沙拉的运输过程中的零排放。 n. 运输、运输工具： Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.(2025• 全国I卷) 以下是2018年不同交通方式的排放细目。 【考点拓展】 transportation n.运输;输送; 运输工具;交通车辆 public transportation公共交通车辆 As __________(transport) and communication were underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily necessities. (2026• 全国I卷)当时交通和通信十分落后，家庭很难获得日常必需品。 transportation 【熟词生义】 v. 使产生身临其境的感觉，使进入特定境地 This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco’s most fantastic periods, the 1950s!(2017·全国Ⅲ卷) 这条游览路线将带您回到旧金山最梦幻的时期之一——20 世纪 50 年代！ Listening and Talking 1.economy[ɪˈkɒnəmi] n. 节约,节省; 经济;经济情况;经济结构 Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities.(2024• 新课标II卷)旅行促进理解，拓展思维，使我们成为更好的人，并促进当地经济和社区的发展。 【考点拓展】 economic adj. 经济上的;经济学的； economical adj. 经济的,节约的; 节俭的； economically adv.经济地；在经济上；节俭地 ①The price of fashion—__________(economical) and environmentally—has led to the rise of a new way of dressing，and it’s beginning to take off in Australia，too. (2025• 浙江1月卷)时尚在经济上和环境上的代价导致了一种新的穿衣方式的兴起，这种方式也开始在澳大利亚流行起来。 ②To begin with, talk about China’s__________(economy) growth and technological advancements, which are the highlights in the past few decades. (应用文之建议信)首先，谈谈中国的经济增长和技术进步，这是过去几十年的亮点。 ③Cycling is the most __________(economy), sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights.(2023•新高考Ⅰ卷)骑自行车是探索这座城市最经济、最可持续、最有趣的方式，这里有美丽的运河、公园、广场和无数的灯光。 ①economically② economic③economical 【语境串记】 As for economy, this car is economical to run because it doesn't use much fuel. 至于经济性，这辆车开起来很经济，因为它耗油不多。 2.credit n. 信任, 信用；学分；声望, 荣誉, [财务]贷方, 银行存款 Students who successfully complete the programme will receive one credit each. (2024• 北京卷)成功完成课程的学生每人将获得一个学分。 vt. 相信, 信任, 把...归给 Tinniswood, who doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life.Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。 【考点拓展】 creditable adj.可称誉的、可赞赏的 The performance of Broadway Show is highly _________(credit).百老汇歌舞团的表演是非常值得赞许的。 creditable 【易混辨析】credit , fame, reputation credit名声，威望，指对于人的品质、德行好得评价。用于“名声”这个意义时，在一般情况下，可与fame , reputation通用； fame 有名，名声，主要指为人所知晓，或因有优点而为人所传说。fame通常指好提名声，也可以指不好得名声（ill fame）； reputation名誉，名声，指公众、社会对于人或事物一般的看法。通常是好得，也可能是不好的。 【一词多义】 根据语境选出credit的词性及含义 A.n.信贷　B.n.学分　C.n.赞扬　D.n.赊购　E.vt.把……归于 F. n.功劳 1.He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed and is a Children's Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. 2.The teacher made it clear that our credits would be hard-earned, so we must study hard. 3.No credit is given at this shop;that is,you must pay on the spot. 4.To their credit,these boys often help the childless old man. 5.The bank refused further credit to the company for its bad reputation. 6.The invention of the industrial robot is credited to the company. 1.F 2.B　3.D 4.C　5.A　6.E 3.detail n. 细节， 详情 When it came to faking a review, length was important to believability, as was detail. (2026• 浙江1月卷)在撰写虚假评论时，篇幅的长短与细节的详尽程度对可信度都至关重要。 v. 叙述，详述 The brochure details all the hotels in the area and their facilities.这本小册子详细介绍了当地所有旅馆及其设施。 【熟词生义】 v. 委派 Several of the men were detailed to form a search party.几名士兵被派组成一个搜索队。 【考点拓展】 in detail详细地； detailed adj.详尽的，详细的 ①I usually skim through the headlines before going to the news I want to read __________.我通常先浏览一下标题，然后再去看我想详细阅读的新闻。 ②Okay, would you like a ______(detail) menu with prices?(2026• 全国I卷)好的，您想要一份带价格的详细菜单吗？ ①in detail②detailed 4.check vt. 检查，核对 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better.(2024• 新课标I卷)然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。 n.支票；帐单；检查，核对 The drugs were found in their car during a routine check by police.(读后续写之细节描写)警方作例行检查时在他们的车里查出了毒品。 Can I have the check, please?请把账单给我好吗？ 【图表助记】 ①Interlibrary Loan（ILL）provides teachers，students and staff with access to books that ____________________ or not owned by our own libraries，as well as digitized copies of articles and book chapters from our collection.(2025• 浙江1月卷)馆际互借（ILL）为教师、学生和工作人员提供了借阅或不属于我们自己图书馆的书籍，以及我们馆藏文章和书籍章节的数字化副本。 ②请你核对一下我们这份参考书订购单。 Please ________ this list of reference books which we are going to order. ③我们已经和厂方联系,货物已经准备好了。 We've ______ the factory and found the goods are ready. ④你去登记,我付出租汽车司机钱。 You go and _________while I pay the taxi driver money. ①are checked out② check off ③checked with ④ check in 5.request [rɪˈkwest] v. 要求；请求；请求给予 My parents urged me to get out of this so-called unhealthy habit, but their repeated requests fell on deaf ears.(2026• 全国II卷)我的父母一直劝我戒掉这个所谓的不健康习惯，但他们的反复请求却无人理会。 n. 要求；请求；需要；需求 He was there at the request of his manager/at his manager's request.他按照经理的要求到了那里。【考点拓展】 request sth. from sb.向某人要求某物 make (a) request for请求；要求 at sb.’s request应某人要求 as requested依照请求 request作谓语时，其后的宾语从句或者主语从句使用虚拟语气，其结构为that sb. (should ) do。 【一句多译】 李老师要求我们每天早晨花半小时大声朗读英语。 →①Mr Li _____________________________every morning.(request后跟宾语从句)  →②Mr Li _____________________________every morning.(request sb to do sth)  ①requests that we (should) spend half an hour reading English aloud　②requests us to spend half an hour reading English aloud 【易混辨析】request/ask request指“通过正式手续或非常有礼貌、客气地请求”，比ask正式得多，当你觉得所要求的东西不会得到时，或者有可能被拒绝时，最好用request， 因此这个词可以表示谦逊或者客气。此外，request可以用作名词，也可以用作动词； ask系常用词, 往往带有“期望得到肯定答复”的意思。当你觉得所要求的东西会得到时，或者不可能被拒绝时，最好用ask。 6.view n. 景色, 风景视野; 观点意见　 The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. (2025• 全国I卷)学生们写了各种各样的故事，每篇10到20页，里面的人物开阔了我的视野，触动了我的心。 v. 眺望; 观察; 观看; 看作 “We didn’t make a big deal of that,” said Novem Auyeung, a Parks Department senior scientist. She said trees should not be viewed as the enemy.(2026• 全国I卷)“我们并没有把这件事当回事，”公园部门高级科学家诺韦姆·阿尤翁说。她表示，树木不应被视为敌人。 【考点拓展】 come into view　　　　　　 进入视野, 出现在眼前 in one’s view=in the view of sb. 在某人看来 in view of 鉴于, 考虑到 from... point of view 从……观点来看 have a good view of 清楚地看到, 饱览 view... as 把……视为 viewer n. 观看者，观众 ①Societies all over the world view the concept of an adult ________ self-supporting and self-directed, because it identifies a point in the life cycle.(2025• 北京卷)世界各地的社会都认为成年人是自立和自我导向的，因为它确定了生命周期中的一个点。 ②The cloud lifted, and the tops of the mountains suddenly _________. 云朵散去后，几座山头突然引入眼帘。 ③___________, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. 在我看来, 新的建筑风格可以很好地与旧风格并存。 ④And when the ________(view) watched it, I wanted them to understand that getting into good physical shape meant they could also do the impossible.(读后续写之细节描写)当观众观看时，我想让他们明白，保持良好的身材意味着他们也可以做不可能的事。 ①as②came into view③In my view④viewers 【易混辨析1】view, scene, sight, landscape view指从高处、远处看到的视野范围内的风景景色。 scene 是可数名词，舞台上的）场景、布景 ；展现在眼前的景象； sight 是可数名词，多指人造风景，也指自然风景，既指美好事物，也指可怕的景象；其复 数形式sights表示人文景观； landscape指 (自然的)风景 【易混辨析2】view, idea, thought, opinion, viewpoint, concept view 和opinion的意思基本一致，指“个人的看法、观点、见解、对某事的态度等”； idea泛指思想、主意、想法、概念等； thought 指“思想活动、思想，思索等”； viewpoint 指由于生活中的地位或身份而形成的； concept是对一类事物通过理性概括形成的基本观念、个别具体的概念或思想。 Reading for Writing & Assessing Your Progress 1.sight n. 视力，视觉；看，观看；眼界，视野；风景，景色 Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?(2024• 新课标II卷) 为什么不尝试一个地方的选择，或者去一个受欢迎的目的地看看不太知名的景点呢？ 【考点拓展】 catch sight of 一下子看到，看见， 瞥见 come into sight 进入视野，看得见 lose sight of 再也见不着；忽略；忘记 at the sight of一看见…… out of sight看不见；不在视线内 lose one’s sight失明 in the sight of sb．=in sb．'s sight从某人的观点来看，在某人看来 at first sight初见；乍看 ①“I think a point that many people ________________is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman.(2024• 浙江1月卷)研究生阿曼达·宾德曼说：“我认为很多人都忽视了一点，那就是落后于计划是多么容易。” ②At the railway station，the mother waved goodbye to her son until the train was ________. (读后续写之细节描写)在火车站，母亲向儿子挥手告别，直到火车消失在视线之外。 ③The question seemed easy _____ , but when the students tried to answer it, they discovered how difficult it was. 这个问题乍一看似乎很容易，但当学生们试着回答时，他们发现它是多么困难。 ①lose sight of②out of sight ③at first sight 【一句多译】 一见到他妈妈孩子就笑了。 →①_____ ______ _____ _____ his mother, the child smiled. (at the sight of) →②_____ ______ his mother , the child smiled. (on doing) →③ ______ _____ _____ ______ his mother, the child smiled.(the moment) →④______ _____ _____ ______ his mother, the child smiled.(as soon as ) ①At the sight of ②On seeing ③The moment he saw ④As soon as he saw 【易混辨析】sight, scenery, view和landscape sight 侧重指旅游观光的风光，包括城市景色或自然风光景色，也指人造景物或奇特的景色；scenery强调从美的角度看，某个国家或地区的总体外貌； view指从远处或窗户看到的视野范围内的风景； landscape指 (自然的)风景。 2.comment n. 评语，评论，意见 I think that’s everything. Any comments ? (应用文之求教信)我想就这些，有何高见吗？ v. 发表意见，提出看法 Jean commented that she thought it was time for us to go home. (读后续写之细节描写) Jean表示了她的看法，她认为我们该回家了。 【考点拓展】 no comment! 无可奉告！ comment on　就……评论 make a comment on对……进行评论 ①When he went home from work, the young man __________________ the weather. (读后续写之细节描写)当他下班回家时，这个年轻人谈了一下天气情况。 ②You are expected to give both an opening speech and a closing one, and ________________________ the speakers.(应用文之邀请信)  你要做一个开场白和一个结束语，并对演讲者做一些简短的评论。 ①commented on②make some brief comments on 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Listening and Speaking 1.apply v. 应用;实施 Now Pereira has teamed up with plant scientist Professor Wolfgang Busch to apply SLEAP to plants.(2026• 浙江1月卷)如今，Pereira已与植物科学家Wolfgang Busch教授合作，将 SLEAP 技术应用于植物领域。。 【考点拓展】 apply oneself to 使致力(于),使专心从事 apply for 申请,请求 apply to适用于; 向...申请(或要求) application n. 适用，应用，运用; 申请，请求，申请表格; 勤勉，用功 applicant n. 申请人，求职人; 请求者 ①If we're covering friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life ________(apply). (2026• 浙江1月卷)例如，在讲解摩擦力时，我会将不同的轮胎带入课堂，以便学生能够使用这些轮胎进行实验，观察摩擦力在实际应用中的作用。 ②There has been a rise in the number of students_____________ food courses at UK universities and colleges. (2023•全国乙卷）申请英国大学和学院食品课程的学生人数有所增加。 ③On the basis of that conversation, I __________ go back to university and study creative writing.(2026• 全国II卷) 基于那次对话，我申请重返大学，攻读创意写作专业。 ④My brother told me he _________________________________ last evening.(读后续写之细节描写)我弟弟昨晚告诉我致力于学习法语。 ⑤Not standing a chance against competitive________(apply), I came out of the interview with an upset look.(2025• 北京卷)在竞争激烈的应聘者面前毫无胜算，我一脸沮丧地走出面试。 【句式升级】 If you apply yourself to the job in hand, you will soon finish it. _________________, you will soon finish it.(分词短语作状语) 【熟词生义】 v. 涂，敷 Our roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt, attach icing (糖霜) ears , apply icing eyes and nose. 我们在工厂里的工作很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的皮带上，加上糖霜的耳朵，涂上糖霜的眼睛和鼻子 【语境串记】 All applicants who have applied for the job must hand in the application forms before next Monday.所有申请这份工作的人必须在下星期一之前把申请表交上来。 2.rent v.租用，租借；出租，将……租给； 可租用，租金为 We had decided on key items for the apartment we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to store our supposedly important objects. (2025• 全国I卷)我们决定了要带到市区新公寓的关键物品，捐赠了能捐赠的东西，并租了一个地方存放那些我们认为重要的物品。 n.租金，租用费 How much rent do you pay for this place?你租这个地方的租金是多少？ 【考点拓展】 rent out租出 free of rent免付租金 【易混辨析】rent/let/hire/employ rent 指长时间出租、租用，通常用于房地产，一般不用于人。 let 意为出租，特指出租房屋、土地、车辆等。 hire 指短期雇用(可指雇人，也可指租用车船等)、租用与hire out意思相反。 employ 较正式用语，使用范围很广。指商店、公司等团体长期雇用别人，也指新人雇用，一般工作相对稳定，有固定的报酬，宾语一般是人。 3.pack n.包;捆;包裹;背包；一包(盒,箱,袋)，此时相当于package However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes be offered in smaller packs.(2024• 浙江1月卷) 然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。 II. vt. 装(箱);给(某人)将(某物)装入行李；捆扎;包装 Packing up my parents’ house felt like a massive goodbye — that bedroom, those memories, the feeling of safety and shelter I always felt there. (2026• 北京卷)收拾父母的房子，感觉就像一场巨大的告别——那间卧室、那些回忆，以及我曾经在那里感受到的安全与庇护。 That night, we prepared and packed two-dozen sandwiches into our backpack. The next morning, we took the train into Manhattan again.(读后续写之动作描写) 那天晚上，我们准备了两打三明治，并把它们装进了背包。第二天早上，我们又坐火车去了曼哈顿。 【熟词生义】 v.挤满；夹带着 Its calendar is always packed with headline-grabbing events.(2026• 全国I卷)它的日程总是挤满了引人注目的活动。 A storm packing 75 mph winds swept across the area last night.昨晚暴风雨夹带着每小时75英里的狂风横扫本地。 3.amaze v. 使惊奇/惊愕 Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. (2024• 新课标II卷) Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。 【图表助记】 ①Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was ________(amaze) that he improved after two or three treatments. (2024• 新课标I卷) 然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。 ②Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an ________(amaze)meal out of almost anything.(2025• 全国II卷)然而，它提醒我们，有很多方法可以解决可持续发展的问题，你几乎可以用任何东西做一顿美味的饭。 ③The old woman stayed there for a while, and looked at everything in________(amaze). (读后续写之细节描写) 那个老太太站在那里好一会儿，惊讶地望着一切。 【易混辨析】 amazing/amazed amazing adj. 令人吃惊的，令人惊讶的。为现在分词形容词，它表示中心词或主语特征，常修饰物。 amazed adj. 吃惊的；显示出惊奇的。为过去分词形容词，它表示中心词或主语的感受，常修饰人 【句式升级】 It amazed us to hear that you were leaving.( amaze sb.) →①______________________ that you were leaving.(it is amazing that ) →②We ______ _____ _____ hear that you were leaving.( be amazed to do .) →③ ______ _____ _____, you were leaving.( to one's amazement) 【语境串记】 To my amazement, the amazing news amazed the whole class and their teachers were also amazed.令我惊讶的是，这个惊人的消息震惊了全班，他们的老师也很惊讶。 4.arrange v. 整理，排列，布置，安排，筹划 What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean. (2023·浙江1月)  重要的不仅仅是一串符号的外部,还有(它们的)内部,不仅仅是它们的排列方式,还有它们的含义。 【考点拓展】 arranged adj.安排的 arrange for为...作安排 arrange to do sth.使某事发生，准备 arrange with sb. about sth.与某人商定某事/物 arrangement n. 安排，准备，排列，协商，整理，布置 ①On July 9th, we will ________________________ to pick you up at the airport exit, where you can follow the signs to find us.(应用文之邀请信) 7月9日，我们会安排校车在机场出口接您，您可以按照标志找到我们。 ②To begin with, various activities _____________________________________, such as paper cutting, kung fu and Chinese calligraphy. 首先，将安排各种活动来体验中国传统文化，如剪纸、功夫和中国书法。 ③Groups of five or more require special ________(arrange) and must be confirmed in advance.(2024• 新课标I卷) 五人或以上的团体需要特别安排，必须提前确认。 【句式升级】 Since everything has been arranged well, the evening party will begin at 8 o'clock as planned. →____________________________________, the evening party will begin at 8 o'clock as planned. (with复合结构) 5.extreme adj. 尽头的；极端的；极度的；偏激的；最后的 But as Aristotle observed over 2,000 years ago, actions pushed to their extreme turn into disasters.(2026• 北京卷)但正如亚里士多德两千多年前所指出的，行动若被推向极端，便会演变成灾难。 【考点拓展】 extremely adv. 极度，非常 Over time, I’ve found myself feeling ______(extreme) at home here. (2025• 全国II卷) 随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里有了宾至如归的感觉。 【易混辨析】extreme, fanatical , radical extreme 指倾向性很大，偏见很深的思想、激烈的行为和严厉的法规等； fanatical是贬义词，指怀有某种思想意识，如对宗教、道德、政治等带有狂热性或盲目崇拜的情绪，常常导致对观点和自己不同的人采取过激行动； radical强调对某事寻根究底或往往求其完全彻底。 【熟词生义】 n.极端；极端的事物。 Sometimes he eats too much and sometimes nothing. He goes from one extreme to the other. 有时他吃得太多，有时什么也不吃。他从一个极端走向另一个极端。 Reading and Thinking 1.narrow adj.狭窄的，狭小的；（想法、态度或信仰）狭隘的；勉强的，（成败）差距很小的 While Emily was driving on a narrow stretch of road, her car slid into a ditch (沟).(2026• 全国I卷)当艾米丽在一条狭窄路段驾驶时，她的汽车滑入了沟渠。 v.使缩小，压缩；使变窄，变窄 We are working hard to narrow the gap between out country and the developed countries. (应用文之发言稿)我们正在努力工作已缩小我们国家与发达国家自己的差距。 【考点拓展】 narrow down变狭窄;减少;缩小 narrowly adv. 以毫厘之差；勉强地；有限地 ①The search has narrowed _______ to a few streets where the gunman might be hidden.(读后续写之细节描写) 搜查的目标已经缩小到几条街道了，那持枪的歹徒可能就藏在那里的什么地方。 ②He was a lucky dog, for he________(narrow)escaped being killed by a car yesterday.他很幸运，因为他在昨天的车祸中侥幸生还。 【一句多译】 这个孩子从船上掉入水中，险些淹死。 →①The child ___________________________________ drowning when he fell overboard.(narrow) →②The child ___________________________________when he fell overboard.(narrowly) 【语境串记】 My car finally came to a narrow road，some part of which narrowed to only 5 meters in width.At the moment，another car ran in our direction.It was running so fast that it narrowly missed hitting mine.我的车终于开到了一条狭窄的道路上，有一段路窄到只有5米宽。这时，另一辆车朝我们的方向开过来。它跑得太快了，差点撞到我的车。 2.power n. 能力；权利，势力；力量 For instance, hearing about the power of redemptive (拯救性的) stories, many people may feel forced to find a positive angle on horrible events.(2025• 北京卷)例如，听到救赎故事的力量，许多人可能会被迫从积极的角度看待恐怖事件。 While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity. (2025• 浙江1月卷) 性别化产品可能是一种很好的营销方式，但它也可能强化关于权力和身份的过时或有害的观念。 v.驱动，推动（机器或车辆） For instance, interactive exhibits powered by AI can adjust their content and difficulty level based on the user’s preferences and responses. (2026• 全国I卷)例如，由人工智能驱动的互动展品可以根据用户的偏好和反馈来调整其内容和难度等级。 【考点拓展】 come to / into power 掌权 in power 掌权，执政 beyond one’s power超出某人的能力 / 权利 have the power to do sth. /of doing sth. 有做某事的权力 do everything in one’s power to do sth. 竭尽全力做某事 powerful adj. 强有力的,强大的; 权力大的 powerless adj.无力的；[劳经] 无能力的，无权的 powerfully adv.强大地；强烈地；非常 ①I’m sorry I couldn’t do that, and it _________________________. (应用文之道歉信) 很抱歉，那件事我不能做，已超出了我的能力（权利）范围。 ②Science serves as a _____(power) tool for unlocking the mysteries of the universe, but understanding its limitations is essential for its effective application.(2025• 天津卷) 科学是解开宇宙奥秘的有力工具，但了解其局限性对于有效应用科学至关重要。 ③That’s why we can get protection whenever feel very_____(power) abroad. (应用文之职业发言稿) 这就是为什么当我们在国外感到无能为力时，我们可以得到保护。 ④The Caribbean Taino can speak to us now of their past achievements most _____(powerful) through the objects they made.（2023•全国乙卷） 加勒比泰诺人现在可以通过他们制造的物品向我们讲述他们过去的成就。 【易混辨析】 【熟词生义】 v.驱动 In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI.(2024·课标卷II) 在错误的人手中，这样一本书可能会被证明和驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂。 【语境串记】 After he came into power, he didn’t feel he was powerful.He even felt he was powerless when he couldn’t protect his wife.他上台后，觉得自己并不强大。当他不能保护他的妻子时，他甚至觉得自己无能为力。 3.control v. 管理；统治；操纵；支配 Some schools have put in place policies, banning or controlling phone use during school hours.(2025• 全国II卷)一些学校已经制定了相关政策，禁止或控制学生在上课时间使用手机。 n.控制；控制能力 Across all participants, those in the beauty group scored almost 14% higher on average than the control group in abstract thinking. (2026• 全国I卷)在所有参与者中，美容组在抽象思维方面的平均得分比对照组高出近14%。 【考点拓展】 bring. . . under control 使……处于控制之下 beyond control　　　无法控制 in control of 掌握着; 控制着 lose control of 失去对……的控制 out of control 失去控制 under the control of . . . 在……的控制下 ①I shall put an experienced teacher in charge of that class to ____________________.(应用文之建议信)我将派一位有经验的老师管理那个班，管住孩子们。 ②Every boy dreams of being __________________, and this company can make the dream come true! (应用文之发言稿)每个男孩都梦想着能控制一个机器人，而这家公司可以让梦想成真！ ③Experts believe that a warm and comfortable bath seems to be a perfect way for a patient to recover from the fear of ____________________himself.(应用文之健康类)专家们认为一次温暖而舒适的洗浴似乎是最好的让病人从失控的恐惧中康复的方法。 ④It is reported that a bus went _____________on a highway south of the city last night.(读后续写之细节描写)据报道，一辆公交车昨天晚上在城南的公路上失控。 4.official n. 官员；公务员；高层职员 He is an official at the local bank, who is always kind to me.(读后续写之人物描写) 他是这家地方银行的高级职员，对我总是很好。 adj. 官方的；正式的；公务（上）的 For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s Theatre.(2024• 浙江1月) 如欲下载课程，请访问儿童剧院官方网站。 【考点拓展】 officially adv.官方地，正式地 After he was _______(official)pronounced the world's oldest man, he offered this simple formula for a long and happy life.(应用文之人物介绍) 在他被正式宣布为世界上最长寿的人之后，他提出了一个简单的长寿和幸福生活的公式。 5.recognize vt.认出，识别；承认，认可；认识到；公认 Ivy recognized a(n) unsettled feeling when Mia was applauded, and an ache in the heart when she compared herself with Mia. (2026• 北京卷)艾薇在米娅受到掌声时察觉到了一种不安的情绪，而当她与米娅相比较时，心中又涌起一阵痛楚。 【考点拓展】 recognize...as/to be承认……是……；认为……是…… It is recognized that...人们意识到…… recognition n．认出，认识，识别 recognizable adj.可辨认的；可认识的；可承认的 ①____________________________________thought decides behavior; nothing will be hard for a determined and persistent person. 人们普遍认为思想决定行为；世上无难事，只怕有心人。 ②AI is changing this by using image ________(recognize)technology to analyze exhibits.(2026• 全国I卷)人工智能正通过使用图像识别技术来分析展品，从而改变这一现状。 ③I walked up one road, down another, expecting to stumble on something ________(recognize). 我东投西奔，指望撞见认得的东西。 ④ Similarly, the corporate world has certainly known its fair share of disruption, yet it is only in the last couple of decades that the “Disruptor” has become a ________(recognize)figure . (2026• 北京卷)同样，商界也经历过不少变革与颠覆，但直到近几十年来，“颠覆者”才成为一个广为人知的角色。 【易混辨析】recognize/know identify, recognize, make out/know identify 指辨别、确定人的身份或物品的归属等 recognize 指所辨认的人或物多是以前所熟悉的 make out 通常指通过人的感觉器官来辨别事物 know know指相互十分了解，十分熟悉。 【一句多译】 人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们所面临的最严重的问题之一。 →①___________________environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. →②Environmental pollution________________ one of the most serious problems that people face. 【语境串记】 He recognized that he found out a sign of recognition on her face, but she wasn't recognisable for such a long time.他意识到他在她的脸上发现了认识她的迹象，但她已经很长时间没有被认出来了。 6.type n. 类型，种类; 一类（人或事物） Additionally, the research didn’t include all types of plastics. (2025• 全国I卷)此外，这项研究并没有包括所有类型的塑料。 v.（用计算机或打字机）打字；测定……的类型，分型 This letter will need to be typed out again.这封信需要再打一遍。 【考点拓展】 typist n.打字员；打字者 typical adj. 典型的; 特有的; 一贯的，平常的 be typical of　　　　　典型的, 表现为……的特征 It is typical of sb. to do... 某人一向做…… typically adv. 典型地，具有代表性的 typify v. 代表, 为……之典型 ①Like in _______(type) families, where boys were favored much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do housework.(2024• 全国甲卷) 就像在典型的家庭里，男孩比女孩更受宠爱，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。 ② Daji, or big open-air fairs, _______(typical) take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit.(2026• 全国I卷)大集市，或称大型露天集市，通常在农历的特定日期举行，例如最后一位数字为五或七的日期。 ③Jack is late again. It is typicalof him _______(keep) others waiting. 杰克又迟到了。让别人久等是他的特点。 ④The nurses' strike _______(type) public concern about our hospitals. 这次护士罢工集中地反映出公众对医疗事业的关心。 ⑤We need a replacement for the _______(type) who left last week.我们需要一个人来接替上周离职的打字员。 【语境串记】 It was typical of the typist to eat all the types of junk food. To deal with the problem, he has made a typically complex plan.那个打字员吃各种各样的垃圾食品是典型的。为了解决这个问题，他制定了一个典型的复杂计划。 7.fly n. 苍蝇, 两翼昆虫, 飞行。 A fly was buzzing against the window.一只苍蝇嗡嗡地飞着，直撞窗子。 v. 飞行；乘飞机；飞翔, 飘扬, 溃逃 I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference.(2024• 新课标I卷)我原计划乘飞机去维也纳，然后乘公共汽车去布拉格参加一个会议。 【考点拓展】 flight n. 飞行,飞机的航程,航班,逃跑 There are no departures for the 18th. We have a _______(fly)leaving on the 15th and the 17th. (2026• 全国II卷)18日没有航班。我们有15日和17日的航班。 【熟词生义】 adj. 机敏的, 敏捷的 This little dog is so fly that many people like it very much.这只小狗是如此的机灵，很多人都很喜欢它。 8.accommodate v.容纳；为……提供住宿；迎合，适应 But unfortunately, the landlady could not accommodate because all her rooms had been booked.(读后续写之细节描写)但是，不幸的是，这位房东不能接纳我们住宿，因为她的所有房间都被预订了。 【考点拓展】 accommodation住处 accommodate to 适应 accommodate with向……供应；提供；以……供应 ①You’ll get airport pickup, _________(accommodate) with breakfast, free-time activities.(2026• 北京卷)您将享受机场接送、含早餐的住宿以及自由活动时间。 ②Wherever he goes, he readily_____________________ new circumstances. 无论到哪儿他都能随即适应新环境。 ③During my one-week stay there, he___________________ the use of his car. 我在那儿一周的逗留期间,他把他的汽车提供我使用。 【易混辨析】 accommodate/adapt/adjust accommodate用于使之相适应的两事物之间悬殊极大的事物,带有一方暂时必须屈从另一方的意味; adapt用于使之适应的两事物之间差别较小的事物,将某一方稍加改变便可适应于另一方,带有一定的灵活性和适应性; adjust则着重于结果,即达到尽可能的符合或和谐。 【语境串记】 If you can't find any accommodation(s) elsewhere, here is a room which can accommodate up to five people.如果你在别处找不到住处，这里有一间最多可容纳五个人的房间。 9.unique adj. 独一无二的，独特的 Wow, that’s awesome! I’d like the unique atmosphere caught by the photographer.(2026• 全国I卷)哇，太棒了！我特别喜欢摄影师捕捉到的那种独特氛围。 【考点拓展】 uniquely adv. 唯一地 unique to … 只有……才有的 【易混辨析】only, single, unique和alone only 普通用词，侧重仅限于指定的人或物，而不需要更多； single 语气较强，强调仅此一个，再无第二个； unique 非正式用词，侧重在一类中唯一无可匹敌、无与伦比的特征； alone 着重专指某人或某物，而不是别的。 10.other than 除……之外； 不同于，非 He could never ever give any responses to his captor other than name, rank, serial number and date of birth. 除了自己的姓名、军衔、编号和出生日期外，他绝不可能向捕获他的人透露其他任何信息。 11.admire vt. 钦佩;欣赏；称赞,夸奖。 Admiring the beauty of art may be the ideal way to initiate the abstract cognitive processes.(2026• 全国I卷)欣赏艺术之美或许是启动抽象认知过程的理想方式。 【考点拓展】 admirable adj.令人钦佩的，极其出色的 admire sb. for sth. 由于……而钦佩某人 admiration n.钦佩,赞美,羡慕[U][(+for)]; 引人赞美的人(或物) ①But this highly informed, self-educated , and ________(admire) person prevented me doing so. (2024• 浙江1月) 但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。 ②She was a talented singer and won the________(admire) of all.(2026• 北京卷)她是一位才华横溢的歌手，赢得了所有人的钦佩。 【语境串记】 The moment I saw the scientist admired by everyone，words failed to express my admiration. He was an admirable scientist.当我看到那位人人都钦佩的科学家时，我的钦佩之情溢于言表。他是一位令人钦佩的科学家。 12.architect n.建筑师；设计师，缔造者 “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect.(2026• 全国II卷)“我是弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特最后一位原住客户，至今仍住在他为我设计的房子里，”雷斯利坐在这位著名建筑师所建住宅明亮开阔的客厅里说道。 【考点拓展】 architecture n.建筑设计，建筑风格；建筑学 architectural adj.建筑学的，建筑方面的；与建筑物相似的 ①We spent most of the morning on Swanston Street studying the historic _________(architect). (2026• 全国II卷)我们一大早就在斯旺斯顿街花了时间研究历史建筑。 ②The Forbidden City, which is a perfect blend of ancient Chinese _________(architect) marvels and history, is a must. 紫禁城是中国古代建筑奇迹和历史的完美结合，是必游之地。 【语境串记】 The Hotel of Fragrant Hill designed by Leoh Ming Pei, a famous Chinese-born American architect，is one of the most famous architectures in Beijing.由美籍华裔著名建筑师贝聿铭设计的香山饭店是北京最著名的建筑之一。 13.contact v. 接触; 联系;交际, 会晤 Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme. (2024• 北京卷)一旦确定了合适的配对，学生将被单独联系，并获得特别许可号码，以注册该计划。 n. 接触; 联系 They also gave us contact information for people who know them.(2026• 北京卷)他们还提供了认识他们的人的联系方式。 【考点拓展】 keep in contact/touch with sb. 与某人保持联系 be in contact with… 与……有联系 be out of contact with与……失去联系 get into contact with… 与……取得联系 lose contact with…与……失去联络 make contact with…与……取得联系 ①I have ________________________________ my mother by telephone for many years. 许多年来我一直与母亲保持电话联系。 ②His father is in prison and his mother _________________________. 他的爸爸在坐牢,他的妈妈失去了联系。(读后续写之细节描写) ③I don't usually ____________________________him. 我平常很少与他有私人上的往来。 【易混辨析】contact, touch contact指接触的状态，即state of touching； touch 指“接触”这一行为，使……接触，或用手去触、摸等。 14.civil adj. 全民的, 市民的, 公民的, 国民的, 民间的.民事的, 根据民法的 It is due to human activities, such as civil war, conflict and missile attacks that some other heritages are also ruined. (应用文之发言稿)由于人类活动，如内战、冲突和导弹袭击，一些其他遗产也被破坏了。 【考点拓展】 civilian n.平民，百姓 civilize v.教化，熏陶；使文明，使开化 civilization n.文明；文明社会 ①The military may feel unable to hand over power to a ________(civil) president next year.军方可能觉得无法在明年把政权移交给一位民选总统。 ②It is important to be a ________(civil) tourist, for it not only better protects the beautiful natural scenery resources and historical sites but also helps us gain a pleasant travelling experience. (应用文之文化遗址)做一个文明的游客是很重要的，因为它不仅能更好地保护美丽的自然风光资源和历史遗迹，而且还能帮助我们获得愉快的旅行体验。 ③What followed was the convenience and potential threats brought to human ________(civil).随之而来的是给人类文明带来的便利和潜在的威胁。 【易混辨析】civil, polite, courteous civil 指“言谈举止尚不失礼的、不粗鲁的” polite 语意较强， 指“有礼貌的”、“有教养的” courteous指“彬彬有礼的”、“谦恭的” 【熟词生义】 adj. 有礼貌的 Try at least to be civil.至少要礼貌点儿。 15.make v.制造；制定；使变得，使处于；造成，引起；整理（床铺）；做，作出；强迫；挑选，任命 Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything.然而，它提醒我们，有很多方法可以解决可持续发展的问题，你几乎可以用任何东西做一顿美味的饭。 【考点拓展】 make+宾语+宾补”的结构，这里的宾补为动词动词原形。 这些宾补可为：形容词、不带to的不定式、名词、过去分词。 ①名词作宾补：注意：当表示某人独一无二的官衔的名词在句中做补足语时，表语和同位语时，名词前无冠词。 ②形容词作宾补。 ③不带to的不定式作宾补。注意：在英语中，在let, make, have, feel, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch 等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to，但是这些句子如果变成被动语态时带to。 ④V-ing形式作宾补：时通常在see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice, leave, get , have 等动词之后，表示该动作正在发生。 ⑤过去分词作宾补：动词的过去分词作宾语补足语时表明宾语是该动词的动作对象,动词与宾语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系。可以带动词过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有:find, feel, hear, see, have, get, leave, like, keep, expect, want, make等。 ①Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you _______(feel)like you have more of it.(2025• 全国II卷)然而，研究发现，把你的时间花在社区事业上实际上会让你觉得你有更多的时间。 ②The children were made ______(work) all the time by the bad boss.孩子们被那个坏老板逼得整天干活。 ③I looked up and noticed a snake ______(wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.我抬头一看，发现一条蛇蜿蜒爬上树去抓它的早餐。 ④Claire had her luggage _____(check)an hour before her plane left.克莱尔在飞机起飞前一小时托运了行李。 【帮你记词】 be made from由……制成 be made of 　“由……制成”, 表示从成品中可以看出原料 be made from “由……制成”, 表示从成品中看不出原料。 be made in 在某地制造 be made into 被制成…… be made up of 由……组成 make up编造(说法、解释等);弥补；虚构;组成;化妆;和好 make up for 弥补;偿还 make out 辨认出;理解 make use of 利用 make sense 有意义;讲得通 make up one’s mind (to do sth) 下决心做某事 make fun of 取笑、开玩笑、嘲笑 make sense of 理解、搞清……的意思 make use of/make the most of 利用、使用 make it成功；及时到达 make a difference 起作用，发生影响 make a fuss(about/over) 大惊小怪;小题大做;不断抱怨 make out 理解；看清楚；使显得 make sure 确定，确信；查明，弄清楚 maker n.制造者；造物主 ①Everyone is the______(make) of their own success.(2025• 北京卷) 每个人都是自己成功的创造者。 ②It’s one of 47 that ________the peaceful mid-20th-century modern village of Usonia.(2026• 全国II卷)它是构成宁静的20世纪中期现代村庄乌索尼亚的47个部分之一。 ③To speed up the process，please _______the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate.(2025• 浙江1月卷)为了加快流程，请确保您通过ILL申请表提交的信息准确无误。 ④The food you have available ________.(2025• 浙江1月卷)你所拥有的食物会产生巨大的影响。 ⑤I realized that this was true. I still _______made it through the next three years of college, even without the book.(2026• 全国I卷)我意识到这是真的。即使没有那本书，我也还是顺利度过了接下来的三年大学时光。 ⑥Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to _______________each day.(2025• 全国II卷)志愿活动让你觉得自己有能力，激励你充分利用每一天。 ⑦With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so demanding, the Inuit’s practical approach to morality___________ . (2024• 北京卷)在无情的加拿大北部生活要求如此苛刻，因纽特人对道德的实际态度是有道理的。 ⑧Regression is a crutch (拐杖) that allows you to ___________ wasted time.(2026• 浙江1月卷)回归分析是一种“拐杖”，可帮助您弥补所浪费的时间。 16.transport v. 运送、运输 Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad.(2024• 新课标II)此外，在同一栋建筑里有一个系统，这意味着从土壤到沙拉的运输过程中的零排放。 n. 运输、运输工具： Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.(2025• 全国I卷) 以下是2018年不同交通方式的排放细目。 【考点拓展】 transportation n.运输;输送; 运输工具;交通车辆 public transportation公共交通车辆 As __________(transport) and communication were underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily necessities. (2026• 全国I卷)当时交通和通信十分落后，家庭很难获得日常必需品。 【熟词生义】 v. 使产生身临其境的感觉，使进入特定境地 This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco’s most fantastic periods, the 1950s!(2017·全国Ⅲ卷) 这条游览路线将带您回到旧金山最梦幻的时期之一——20 世纪 50 年代！ Listening and Talking 1.economy[ɪˈkɒnəmi] n. 节约,节省; 经济;经济情况;经济结构 Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities.(2024• 新课标II卷)旅行促进理解，拓展思维，使我们成为更好的人，并促进当地经济和社区的发展。 【考点拓展】 economic adj. 经济上的;经济学的； economical adj. 经济的,节约的; 节俭的； economically adv.经济地；在经济上；节俭地 ①The price of fashion—__________(economical) and environmentally—has led to the rise of a new way of dressing，and it’s beginning to take off in Australia，too. (2025• 浙江1月卷)时尚在经济上和环境上的代价导致了一种新的穿衣方式的兴起，这种方式也开始在澳大利亚流行起来。 ②To begin with, talk about China’s__________(economy) growth and technological advancements, which are the highlights in the past few decades. (应用文之建议信)首先，谈谈中国的经济增长和技术进步，这是过去几十年的亮点。 ③Cycling is the most __________(economy), sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights.(2023•新高考Ⅰ卷)骑自行车是探索这座城市最经济、最可持续、最有趣的方式，这里有美丽的运河、公园、广场和无数的灯光。 【语境串记】 As for economy, this car is economical to run because it doesn't use much fuel. 至于经济性，这辆车开起来很经济，因为它耗油不多。 2.credit n. 信任, 信用；学分；声望, 荣誉, [财务]贷方, 银行存款 Students who successfully complete the programme will receive one credit each. (2024• 北京卷)成功完成课程的学生每人将获得一个学分。 vt. 相信, 信任, 把...归给 Tinniswood, who doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life.Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。 【考点拓展】 creditable adj.可称誉的、可赞赏的 The performance of Broadway Show is highly _________(credit).百老汇歌舞团的表演是非常值得赞许的。 【易混辨析】credit , fame, reputation credit名声，威望，指对于人的品质、德行好得评价。用于“名声”这个意义时，在一般情况下，可与fame , reputation通用； fame 有名，名声，主要指为人所知晓，或因有优点而为人所传说。fame通常指好提名声，也可以指不好得名声（ill fame）； reputation名誉，名声，指公众、社会对于人或事物一般的看法。通常是好得，也可能是不好的。 【一词多义】 根据语境选出credit的词性及含义 A.n.信贷　B.n.学分　C.n.赞扬　D.n.赊购　E.vt.把……归于 F. n.功劳 1.He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed and is a Children's Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. 2.The teacher made it clear that our credits would be hard-earned, so we must study hard. 3.No credit is given at this shop;that is,you must pay on the spot. 4.To their credit,these boys often help the childless old man. 5.The bank refused further credit to the company for its bad reputation. 6.The invention of the industrial robot is credited to the company. 3.detail n. 细节， 详情 When it came to faking a review, length was important to believability, as was detail. (2026• 浙江1月卷)在撰写虚假评论时，篇幅的长短与细节的详尽程度对可信度都至关重要。 v. 叙述，详述 The brochure details all the hotels in the area and their facilities.这本小册子详细介绍了当地所有旅馆及其设施。 【熟词生义】 v. 委派 Several of the men were detailed to form a search party.几名士兵被派组成一个搜索队。 【考点拓展】 in detail详细地； detailed adj.详尽的，详细的 ①I usually skim through the headlines before going to the news I want to read __________.我通常先浏览一下标题，然后再去看我想详细阅读的新闻。 ②Okay, would you like a ______(detail) menu with prices?(2026• 全国I卷)好的，您想要一份带价格的详细菜单吗？ 4.check vt. 检查，核对 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better.(2024• 新课标I卷)然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。 n.支票；帐单；检查，核对 The drugs were found in their car during a routine check by police.(读后续写之细节描写)警方作例行检查时在他们的车里查出了毒品。 Can I have the check, please?请把账单给我好吗？ 【图表助记】 ①Interlibrary Loan（ILL）provides teachers，students and staff with access to books that ____________________ or not owned by our own libraries，as well as digitized copies of articles and book chapters from our collection.(2025• 浙江1月卷)馆际互借（ILL）为教师、学生和工作人员提供了借阅或不属于我们自己图书馆的书籍，以及我们馆藏文章和书籍章节的数字化副本。 ②请你核对一下我们这份参考书订购单。 Please ________ this list of reference books which we are going to order. ③我们已经和厂方联系,货物已经准备好了。 We've ______ the factory and found the goods are ready. ④你去登记,我付出租汽车司机钱。 You go and _________while I pay the taxi driver money. 5.request [rɪˈkwest] v. 要求；请求；请求给予 My parents urged me to get out of this so-called unhealthy habit, but their repeated requests fell on deaf ears.(2026• 全国II卷)我的父母一直劝我戒掉这个所谓的不健康习惯，但他们的反复请求却无人理会。 n. 要求；请求；需要；需求 He was there at the request of his manager/at his manager's request.他按照经理的要求到了那里。【考点拓展】 request sth. from sb.向某人要求某物 make (a) request for请求；要求 at sb.’s request应某人要求 as requested依照请求 request作谓语时，其后的宾语从句或者主语从句使用虚拟语气，其结构为that sb. (should ) do。 【一句多译】 李老师要求我们每天早晨花半小时大声朗读英语。 →①Mr Li _____________________________every morning.(request后跟宾语从句)  →②Mr Li _____________________________every morning.(request sb to do sth)  【易混辨析】request/ask request指“通过正式手续或非常有礼貌、客气地请求”，比ask正式得多，当你觉得所要求的东西不会得到时，或者有可能被拒绝时，最好用request， 因此这个词可以表示谦逊或者客气。此外，request可以用作名词，也可以用作动词； ask系常用词, 往往带有“期望得到肯定答复”的意思。当你觉得所要求的东西会得到时，或者不可能被拒绝时，最好用ask。 6.view n. 景色, 风景视野; 观点意见　 The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. (2025• 全国I卷)学生们写了各种各样的故事，每篇10到20页，里面的人物开阔了我的视野，触动了我的心。 v. 眺望; 观察; 观看; 看作 “We didn’t make a big deal of that,” said Novem Auyeung, a Parks Department senior scientist. She said trees should not be viewed as the enemy.(2026• 全国I卷)“我们并没有把这件事当回事，”公园部门高级科学家诺韦姆·阿尤翁说。她表示，树木不应被视为敌人。 【考点拓展】 come into view　　　　　　 进入视野, 出现在眼前 in one’s view=in the view of sb. 在某人看来 in view of 鉴于, 考虑到 from... point of view 从……观点来看 have a good view of 清楚地看到, 饱览 view... as 把……视为 viewer n. 观看者，观众 ①Societies all over the world view the concept of an adult ________ self-supporting and self-directed, because it identifies a point in the life cycle.(2025• 北京卷)世界各地的社会都认为成年人是自立和自我导向的，因为它确定了生命周期中的一个点。 ②The cloud lifted, and the tops of the mountains suddenly _________. 云朵散去后，几座山头突然引入眼帘。 ③___________, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. 在我看来, 新的建筑风格可以很好地与旧风格并存。 ④And when the ________(view) watched it, I wanted them to understand that getting into good physical shape meant they could also do the impossible.(读后续写之细节描写)当观众观看时，我想让他们明白，保持良好的身材意味着他们也可以做不可能的事。 【易混辨析1】view, scene, sight, landscape view指从高处、远处看到的视野范围内的风景景色。 scene 是可数名词，舞台上的）场景、布景 ；展现在眼前的景象； sight 是可数名词，多指人造风景，也指自然风景，既指美好事物，也指可怕的景象；其复 数形式sights表示人文景观； landscape指 (自然的)风景 【易混辨析2】view, idea, thought, opinion, viewpoint, concept view 和opinion的意思基本一致，指“个人的看法、观点、见解、对某事的态度等”； idea泛指思想、主意、想法、概念等； thought 指“思想活动、思想，思索等”； viewpoint 指由于生活中的地位或身份而形成的； concept是对一类事物通过理性概括形成的基本观念、个别具体的概念或思想。 Reading for Writing & Assessing Your Progress 1.sight n. 视力，视觉；看，观看；眼界，视野；风景，景色 Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?(2024• 新课标II卷) 为什么不尝试一个地方的选择，或者去一个受欢迎的目的地看看不太知名的景点呢？ 【考点拓展】 catch sight of 一下子看到，看见， 瞥见 come into sight 进入视野，看得见 lose sight of 再也见不着；忽略；忘记 at the sight of一看见…… out of sight看不见；不在视线内 lose one’s sight失明 in the sight of sb．=in sb．'s sight从某人的观点来看，在某人看来 at first sight初见；乍看 ①“I think a point that many people ________________is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman.(2024• 浙江1月卷)研究生阿曼达·宾德曼说：“我认为很多人都忽视了一点，那就是落后于计划是多么容易。” ②At the railway station，the mother waved goodbye to her son until the train was ________. (读后续写之细节描写)在火车站，母亲向儿子挥手告别，直到火车消失在视线之外。 ③The question seemed easy _____ , but when the students tried to answer it, they discovered how difficult it was. 这个问题乍一看似乎很容易，但当学生们试着回答时，他们发现它是多么困难。 【一句多译】 一见到他妈妈孩子就笑了。 →①_____ ______ _____ _____ his mother, the child smiled. (at the sight of) →②_____ ______ his mother , the child smiled. (on doing) →③ ______ _____ _____ ______ his mother, the child smiled.(the moment) →④______ _____ _____ ______ his mother, the child smiled.(as soon as ) 【易混辨析】sight, scenery, view和landscape sight 侧重指旅游观光的风光，包括城市景色或自然风光景色，也指人造景物或奇特的景色；scenery强调从美的角度看，某个国家或地区的总体外貌； view指从远处或窗户看到的视野范围内的风景； landscape指 (自然的)风景。 2.comment n. 评语，评论，意见 I think that’s everything. Any comments ? (应用文之求教信)我想就这些，有何高见吗？ v. 发表意见，提出看法 Jean commented that she thought it was time for us to go home. (读后续写之细节描写) Jean表示了她的看法，她认为我们该回家了。 【考点拓展】 no comment! 无可奉告！ comment on　就……评论 make a comment on对……进行评论 ①When he went home from work, the young man __________________ the weather. (读后续写之细节描写)当他下班回家时，这个年轻人谈了一下天气情况。 ②You are expected to give both an opening speech and a closing one, and ________________________ the speakers.(应用文之邀请信)  你要做一个开场白和一个结束语，并对演讲者做一些简短的评论。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $