Unit 1 The Changing World 重点语法：一般过去时VS现在完成时精讲练-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（人教版）

**基本信息** 以四步解题模板为核心，系统构建一般过去时与现在完成时的对比辨析体系，通过标志词识别、动词转换等技巧实现精准突破，培养语言运用能力与逻辑思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法知识精讲|4步解题模板+4类高频辨析|四步解题模板（标志词识别→结果/持续判断→动词转换→主语核对）；标志词口诀（just now配过去，单独just配完成）；短暂-延续动词转换表|从核心定义（动作时间与现在联系）出发，经结构对比、用法标志词分类，到高频辨析（有无影响、动词延续性等），形成定义→结构→用法→辨析的递进链条| |语法知识精练|单选40题+单词拼写10题|针对辨析点设计典例（如have been to/ gone to区分、短暂动词转换）|覆盖中考高频考点，单选聚焦时态标志词与动词转换，单词拼写强化时态应用，实现知识向解题能力转化|

2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 The Changing World 重点语法：一般过去时VS现在完成时精讲练 语法知识精讲 核心总纲 🟢一般过去时：动作发生在过去，已经结束，与现在无联系，常搭配明确过去时间。 🟢现在完成时：动作始于过去，落脚于现在，强调对现在的结果 / 影响，不搭配明确过去时间。 一、基本结构对比 时态 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 一般过去时 主语+动词过去式 He lived here. 主语+didn’t+动词原形 He didn’t live here. Did+主语+动词原形？ Did he live here? 现在完成时 主语+have/has+过去分词 He has lived here. 主语+have/has+not+过去分词 He hasn’t lived here. Have/Has+主语+过去分词？ Has he lived here? 🔔注意 1.一般过去时：助动词did / didn't后，动词必须用动词原形 2.现在完成时：三单主语用has，其余人称用have；务必熟记不规则动词过去分词 二、核心用法&时间标志词（必背） 🕒一般过去时 ✅含义：描述过去某时间发生的动作或状态，动作已结束，和现在无关。 ✅必选一般过去时标志词 例句 yesterday, just now I saw him just now. 我刚才看见了他。 …ago（…… 以前） He left three hours ago. 他三小时前离开了。 last+时间 (last week/year) I visited my grandma last week. 我上周看望了奶奶。 in+过去年份 (in 2023) He moved here in 2023. 他 2023 年搬到这里。 ✨现在完成时 两大核心考法：①过去动作对现在造成结果 / 影响；②动作从过去持续到现在。 考法 标志词 例句 用法 1：过去动作，影响现在 already, yet, just, ever, never I have lost my key. 我弄丢了钥匙。（现在没有钥匙） 用法 2：动作持续到现在 for+一段时间；since+过去时间点；so far；up to now She has lived here for 10 years. 她已经住在这里 10 年。 ⚠️【红色禁忌】现在完成时！ 绝对不能搭配 yesterday / …ago /last… 这类明确过去时间！ 三、重难点高频辨析【考试重中之重】 辨析 1：有无对现在的影响 一般过去时（只讲过去） 现在完成时（侧重现在结果） I bought a book. 我买过一本书。 👉只陈述过去事件，书现在是否拥有未知 I have bought a book. 我买了一本书。 👉含义：我现在手上有这本书 辨析 2：短暂性动词↔延续性动词（最高频易错❗） 规则：现在完成时中，for / since +一段时间，不能直接用短暂动词，要改为延续性动词；一般过去时不受该限制。 短暂动词 （瞬间动作） 对应的延续性动词 错误示范 正确改写 buy 买 have 拥有 ❌He has bought the bike for 2 years. ✅He has had the bike for 2 years. borrow 借入 keep 保管 ❌I have borrowed the book for a week. ✅I have kept the book for a week. leave 离开 be away ❌He has left for three days. ✅He has been away for three days. join 加入 be in / be a member of ❌He has joined the club for 1 year. ✅He has been in the club for 1 year. die 死亡 be dead ❌His grandpa has died for 5 years. ✅His grandpa has been dead for 5 years. 辨析 3：have been to /have gone to /have been in 短语 含义 例句 have been to+地点 去过某地，人已经返回 I have been to Shanghai. 我去过上海。（现在不在上海） have gone to+地点 去了某地，人还未回来 He has gone to Shanghai. 他去上海了。（人在上海，不在此处） have been in+地点+时间段 待在某地（持续状态） She has been in Shanghai for two years. 她在上海待两年了。 辨析 4：just vs just now 短语 时态 例句 just（刚刚） 现在完成时 I have just finished homework. 我刚刚写完作业。（现在作业已完成） just now（刚才） 一般过去时 I finished homework just now. 我刚才写完作业。（只讲刚才发生） 📌小口诀：just now 配过去，单独 just 配完成 四、做题四步解题模板 步骤 操作要点 第一步 找时间标志词：看到 yesterday/…ago/last… → 一般过去时，动词变过去式 第二步 若无明确过去时间，判断是否存在「现在结果」或者「动作持续到现在」；出现 already/yet/for/since/so far →现在完成时 have/has done 第三步 现在完成时后面接 for/since 一段时间：检查动词，短暂动词改为延续性动词！ 第四步 核对主语：三单选 has，其余用 have；否定、疑问句确认助动词。 语法知识精练 一、单项选择 1．—Have you ever ________ to the exhibition of inspiring young scientists? —Yes, I ________ there last April with my physics teacher. A．been; went B．gone; went C．been; have gone D．gone; go 【答案】A 【详解】——你曾经去过励志青年科学家展览吗？——是的，我去年四月和我的物理老师一起去了那里。 been“是”，be动词的过去分词；went“去”，go的过去式；gone“去”，go的过去分词；have gone“已经去了”；现在完成时；go“去”，动词原形。问句询问是否曾经去过展览，应用have been to结构，表示“去过某地（人已返回）”，因此第一个空填been；根据时间状语“last April”可知，第二空用一般过去时，动词用过去式went。 2．—Have you ever ________ to the International Jazz Festival? —Yes, I ________ there with my father last summer. A．been; went B．gone; went C．been; have gone D．gone; go 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过国际爵士音乐节吗？——是的，去年夏天我和我父亲去过那里。 第一句有助动词Have和副词ever，判断时态为现在完成时，have been to表示“去过某地”，符合语境，故第一空填been。第二句有时间状语last summer，表示“去年夏天”，本句时态为一般过去时，动词应填过去式went。 3．She ______ in Beijing since 2020, and she ______ there three years ago. A．has lived; moved B．has moved; lived C．has lived; has moved D．has moved; moved 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她自2020年以来就住在北京，并且她三年前搬到了那里。 since 2020为现在完成时标志，且live是延续性动词可与时间段连用，move是短暂性动词不能连用；three years ago为一般过去时标志，动词用过去式，应填has lived; moved。 4．I became a teacher 15 years _________. I have been a teacher _______ 1997. I have taught here _________ about 15 years. A．ago; since; for B．ago; for; since C．ago; before; for D．ago; in; after 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我15年前成为一名老师。我从1997年开始当老师。我在这里教了大约15年了。 ago以前；since自从；for达；before在……之前；in在……里面；after在……之后。“I became a teacher”是一般过去时，用“15 years ago”；“I have been a teacher”是现在完成时，“1997”是时间点，用since；“I have taught here”是现在完成时，“about 15 years”是时间段，用for。 5．It has been two years since I ________ to Hefei. Now I feel at home in the city and have made many friends. A．move B．will move C．moved D．have moved 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从我搬到合肥已经两年了。现在我觉得在这个城市像在家一样，并且交了很多朋友。 固定句型“It has been+时间段 +since+一般过去时从句”，表示“自从做某事已经有多长时间了”，since引导的从句谓语动词用一般过去时。应填moved。 6．The box ________ here just now, but someone ________ it away already. A．is; took B．was; took C．was; has taken D．has been; has taken 【答案】C 【详解】句意：盒子刚才还在这里，但已经有人把它拿走了。 考查时态。just now和一般过去时连用，already和现在完成时连用。故选C。 7．—What are you looking for, Michael? —My cousin’s MP3 player. It ________ right here just now and now it’s ________! A．has been; gone B．was; gone C．was; going D．is; going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你在找什么，迈克尔？——我表哥的MP3，它刚才还在这，现在不见了。 考查时态。根据“just now”可知第一空应用一般过去时态，故填was。根据“now”可知，它已经丢了，表示对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，空前已经有“has”，第二空应填过去分词gone。故选B。 8．—Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A．has been in; is leaving B．has been to; has left C．has gone to; left D．has gone to; leaves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你好。露西在家吗？——不在，她去图书馆了。她刚才给你留了个口信。 考查时态和短语辨析。has been in在某地待了一段时间；has been to曾经去过某地（现在已不在那里）；has gone to去了某地（还没回来）。根据“No”可知露西不在家，去了图书馆还没回来，第一空用“has gone to”；根据“just now”可知第二空时态是一般过去时，用过去式“left”。故选C。 9．Mr Smith ________ to China 10 years ago and has been there ________. A．has gone; since then B．went; ever since C．has gone; since than D．went; from then 【答案】B 【详解】句意：史密斯先生10年前去了中国，从那以后一直待在那里。   考查动词时态及短语辨析。has gone已经离开，现在完成时；since then自那时起；went过去式；ever since自从；from then从那时起。根据“10 years ago ”可知，“10年前”是过去时间，用一般过去时，第一空选went；根据“has been there”可知，“从那以后”表示持续到现在，第二空用ever since。故选B。 10．—______ you ______ to the new park near our school? —Yes. I ______ there with my parents last Saturday. A．Have; been; went B．Did; go; have been C．Have; gone; went D．Did; go; went 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你去过我们学校附近的新公园吗？——去过。我上周六和父母一起去的那里。 考查动词时态。根据语境，第一句询问是否有“去过新公园”的经历，动作发生在过去且对现在有影响，应用现在完成时。主语是you，助动词用have，搭配been，所以第一空填Have，第二空填been；再根据“last Saturday”可知，第二句的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，所以第三空填went。故选A。 11．—______ Tom ______ to the Great Wall? —Yes. He ______ there with his parents last summer. A．Has; been; went B．Did; go; has been C．Has; been; has gone D．Did; go; went 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Tom去过长城吗？——是的。他去年夏天和他的父母去了那里。 考查动词时态。根据“Yes. He...there with his parents last summer.”可知，问句询问“是否去过”（经历），需用现在完成时（has/have been to）；答句有具体过去时间“last summer”，需用一般过去时描述过去事件，所以填went。故选A。 12．—Mr. Liu, have you ever ________ abroad? —Yes. I ________ Singapore last week. A．been; have been to B．gone; have been in C．been; have gone to D．been; went to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——刘先生，你去过国外吗？——是的。我上周去了新加坡。 考查动词时态。have been to表示“去过某地（已经回来）”；have gone to表示“去了某地（还未回来）”；have been in表示“在某地待了多久”；went to是一般过去时，表示“去了某地（强调过去动作）”。根据语境可知，第一句是询问刘先生是否去过国外，强调过去的经历，且现在已回来，所以第一空应用“have been”；第二句中有时间状语“last week”，表示上周去了新加坡，是过去发生的动作，应该用一般过去时，所以第二空应用“went to”。故选D。 13．—Where is Mr. Smith? —He ________ to the library. I ________ him there five minutes ago. A．has been; have met B．has been; met C．has gone; have met D．has gone; met 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——史密斯先生在哪里？——他去图书馆了。我五分钟前在那里遇见了他。 has gone to去了某地（未回）；has been to去过某地（已回）。根据“Where is Mr. Smith?”可知史密斯先生不在这里，说明他去了图书馆还没回来，第一空用has gone；根据时间状语“five minutes ago”可知第二空用一般过去时，meet的过去式为met。故选D。 14．—Has the young astronaut ________ to the moon? —No, but she ________ to the space station last year. A．been; has been B．gone; went C．been; went D．gone; has been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这位年轻的宇航员去过月球吗？——没有，但她去年去了空间站。 have/has been to表示“去过某地”，人已回来；have/has gone to表示“去了某地”，人未回来。第一空询问经历，应用been to；第二空根据时间状语“last year”可知，应用一般过去时went。 15．—When did he leave Junan? —He ________ Junan last month. He ________ for more than fifteen days. A．left; has left B．left; has been away C．has left; has been away D．has left; left 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——他什么时候离开君安的？——他上个月离开了君安。他已经离开超过15天了。 考查动词时态和延续性动词的用法。left离开，动词过去式，非延续性动词；has left离开，现在完成时，非延续性动词；has been away离开，现在完成时，延续性动词。根据“last month”可知，第一空使用一般过去时，排除选项CD；根据“for more than fifteen days.”可知，句末有“for+时间段”，需用现在完成时，且动词需为持续性状态，故选B。 16．—Are you a soccer player in your school? —Yes, I ________ the team two years ago. I ________ in the team for two years. A．have joined; have been B．was joined; am C．joined; was D．joined; have been 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你是你们学校的足球运动员吗？——是的，两年前我加入了足球队。我已经在队里两年了。 考查一般过去时和现在完成时时态。根据“two years ago”可知，动作发生在过去且是主语主动发出，因此排除选项A及选项B；根据“for two years”可知，第二个题空时态为现在完成时，现在完成时的谓语动词形式为have/has done。故选D。 17．The meeting ________ at 9:00 AM, and it ________ for three hours. A．began; has been on B．began; has begun C．has begun; was on D．has begun; has been on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：会议上午9点开始，已经持续了3个小时。 考查动词时态辨析。began; has been on一般过去时；现在完成时；began; has begun一般过去时；表述错误；has begun; was on表述错误；has begun; has been on表述错误；现在完成时。began是begin的过去式，表示过去某个时间点发生的动作；has begun是现在完成时结构，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。题干“会议在上午9点开始”是过去的一个具体时间点发生的动作，需用began；has been on表示“持续；进行”，是延续性表达；begin是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的for three hours连用。这里表示会议持续了3个小时要用has been on。故选A。 18．— Oh, Tom. When did you buy your bike? — I ________ it in 2020. And I ________ it for five years. A．buy; had B．bought; have had C．bought; had D．buy; have had 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——哦，汤姆。你什么时候买的自行车？ ——我在2020年买的。我已经拥有它五年了。 考查一般过去时和现在完成时。buy买；had拥有。根据“in 2020”可知，第一空描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，动词使用过去式；根据“for five years”可知，第二空描述从过去发生持续到现在的事情，用现在完成时，结构是have/has+过去分词。故选B。 19．— How long ______ your family ______ in this town? — Since 2018. We ______ here when my father got a job. A．have; lived; moved B．did; live; moved C．have; lived; have moved D．did; live; have moved 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你们家在这个城镇住了多久了？——自2018年以来。当我的父亲得到工作时，我们搬到了这里。 考查时态辨析。问句“How long”询问动作持续的时间，需用现在完成时（表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作），因此第一空和第二空应填“have lived”；答句中“since 2018”进一步确认现在完成时，第三空“when my father got a job”表示具体过去时间点，需用一般过去时“moved”表示动作在该时间发生。故选A。 20．My brother ______ in this company for 5 years. He ______ here in 2020. A．worked; came B．has worked; came C．has worked; has come D．worked; has come 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我哥哥在这家公司工作5年了。他是2020年来这里的。 考查动词的时态。根据“for 5 years”，表示动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时（has worked）；根据“in 2020”，表示过去具体时间点，需用一般过去时（came）。故选B。 21．—It’s over twenty years since we ________ here. —How time flies! We ________ in Tianjin for so long. A．have come; have lived B．came; have lived C．came; lived D．have lived; came 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——自从我们来到这里已经二十多年了。——时间过得真快！我们在天津住了这么久。 考查时态。since引导时间状语从句，从句中动词come是短暂性动词，用一般过去时，第一空是动词 过去式came，表示“从过去某个时间点开始”；for so long表示一段时间，且动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时，第二空是have lived。故选B。 22．My sister ________ a teacher two years ago. She ________ for 2 years. A．married with, has been married B．married, has got married C．married, has been married D．married with, has got married 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我姐姐两年前与一位老师结婚了。她已经结婚两年了。 第一空，married with错误搭配；married结婚。表示“与某人结婚”，marry是及物动词，直接加宾语，填married；第二空，has got married已经结婚（get married是短暂性动词短语，不与时间段连用）；has been married已经结婚（be married表示持续状态）。表示“结婚”的持续状态，且有时间段“for 2 years”，应用延续性动词短语has been married；应填married, has been married。 23．Mr Wu ________ his family since he ________ home at the age of 15. A．has supported; has been away from B．supported; left C．has supported; left D．supported; has left 【答案】C 【详解】句意：吴先生自从十五岁离开家后，就一直养家糊口。 since引导时间状语从句遵循“主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时”的时态规则。主句动作从过去延续到当下，第一空用has supported；从句“十五岁离家”是过去的动作，动词使用过去式left。 24．He ________ in this farm factory for six years, and he ________ here in 2020. A．worked; came B．has worked; came C．has worked; has come D．works; comes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他在这家农场工厂已经工作六年了，并且他是2020年来这里的。 根据“for six years”可知，第一空表示动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时has worked；根据“in 2020”可知，第二空表示过去具体时间点发生的动作，时态应用一般过去时came。 25．He ________ to Beijing five years ago, and he ________ there ever since. A．moved; lived B．moved; has lived C．has moved; lived D．moves; has lived 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他五年前搬到了北京，并且从那以后一直住在那里。 根据时间状语“five years ago”可知，第一空表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时moved；根据“ever since”可知，第二空表示动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时has lived。 26．—________ you ever ________ to the city science museum? —Yes, I ________ there with my classmates last winter holiday. A．Did; go; went B．Have; been; went C．Have; been; have been D．Did; go; have been 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你去过市科技馆吗？——去过，去年寒假我和同学们去了那里。 第一空有ever，是现在完成时标志，主语you搭配Have；have been to为固定搭配，表示去过某地；第三空last winter holiday是过去时间，谓语用一般过去式went。 27．—Your skirt looks so beautiful! When did you buy it? —I ________ it on my 16th birthday and I ________ it for 2 years. A．buy; will buy B．bought; have had C．bought; have bought D．buy; had 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的裙子真漂亮！你什么时候买的？——我16岁生日时买的，已经用了两年了。 考查时态。根据“on my 16th birthday”可知，第一处是一般过去时，用过去式；根据“for 2 years”可知，第二处是现在完成时，动词需用延续性动词。故选B。 28．Jack ________ Xinhui two years ago. He ________ for two years. A．leaves; has left B．left; has been away C．leaves; has been away D．left; has left 【答案】B 【详解】句意：杰克两年前离开新会。他已经离开两年了。 考查动词时态。根据“two years ago”可知，此处为一般过去时，使用动词过去式；根据“for two years”可知，此处为现在完成时，leave为非延续性动词，不能和“for+时间段”连用，需要变为be away。故选B。 29．—Could you tell me when you ________ the new smartphone?       —Well, I _______ it for a month. A．have bought; have had B．bought; have bought C．have bought; have kept D．bought; have had 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你什么时候买了新智能手机吗？ ——嗯，我已经买了一个月了。 考查谓语动词时态。第一个空处，根据“ when you ...the new smartphone?”可知应用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作；第二个空处，根据“for a month”可知有一个月了，应用现在完成时，且是延续性动作，应用buy对应的延续性动词have。故选D。 30．—How is your grandmother? —She _______ three years ago. She ________ for three years. A．died; has been dead B．had died; has been dead C．has died; had died D．died; died 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你奶奶好吗？——她三年前去世了。她已经去世三年了。 考查动词时态及延续性动词。根据“three years ago”可知，“She...three years ago.”的时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式died，排除B、C选项；由“for three years”可知，“She...for three years.”用现在完成时，且需用延续性动词，die为非延续性动词，对应的延续性动词为be dead，此空应是has been dead。故选A。 31．—When did William Shakespeare ________? —He ________ for about 400 years, but his works still have great influence today. A．die; died B．die; has been dead C．dead; has been died D．dead; died 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——威廉·莎士比亚什么时候去世的? ——他已经去世约400年，但他的作品至今仍具有巨大影响力。 考查动词时态。die死，动词原形；died死，过去式；dead死亡的；has been dead已经死了。第一空，此处是特殊疑问句，形式为“疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?”，所以第一空填动词原形die；第二空，“for”加一段时间，谓语动词是持续性的，用现在完成时，此处用has been dead。故选B。 32．—When did the old man ________? — In 2005. He ________ for nearly ten years. A．die; died B．dead; has died C．die; has been dead D．dead; died 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这位老人什么时候去世的？——2005年。他已经去世将近十年了。 考查词义辨析和时态。die动词，去世；died动词过去式，去世；dead形容词，死的。第一处用于助动词did后用动词原形；第二处根据“for nearly ten years”可知，使用表示延续的现在完成时。故选C。 33．Jim ________ Thailand for honeymoon since he ________ Mary two weeks ago. A．has gone to; married with B．has been in; married C．has gone to; got married to D．has been to; married 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从他在两周前和Mary结婚那时起，Jim就在泰国度蜜月。 考查现在完成时和动词的词义辨析。has gone to表示“已经过某个地方”，人还没有回来；has been to表示“已经到过某地”，人已经回来了；has been in表示“已经在某个地方”，说明人就在那个地方；marry sb.表示“和某人结婚”；marry with错误格式；get married to表示“和某人结婚”。根据“Thailand for honeymoon”可知，Jim现在就在泰国度蜜月第一空has been in符合句意；根据“since”可知，用过去时态，故选B。 34．—________ you ever ________ to Japan? —Yes. I ________ there with my mum last summer. A．Do...go, go B．Have...been, went C．Have...gone, went D．Is...go, go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过日本吗？——是的。我去年夏天和我的妈妈去了那里。 考查时态辨析。have been to sp.去过某地；have gone to sp.去了某地。问句中含时间状语ever“曾经”，用现在完成时，且主语是you，助动词用Have，且此处表示去过已回，用动词been；回答中时间状语为last summer“去年夏天”，是过去时间点，表示发生在过去的动作，用一般过去时，动词用过去式went。故选B。 35．I ______ the new film already. I ______ very excited when I saw it. A．have seen; was B．have seen; has been C．will see; am D．saw; will be 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我已经看过那部新电影了。当我看到它时，我非常兴奋。 考查动词时态。根据already可知，第一空所在句子是现在完成时have/has done的结构。根据saw可知，第二空所在句子是一般过去时，第二空填过去式was，故选A。 36．— Have you heard of the car accident that happened near our school? — Yes. Luckily, the injured (受伤的) people ________ to the hospital in time. A．sent B．are sent C．have sent D．were sent 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你听说过在我们学校附近发生的那场车祸吗？——是的，幸运的是受伤的人都被及时送往了医院。 考查被动语态。根据“Luckily, the injured people...to the hospital in time.”可知，主语和谓语“send”之间是被动关系，“be+动词过去分词”构成被动语态，此处指的是当时受伤的人们被及时送往医院，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。故选D。 37．—________ you ________ your homework yet? —Yes. I ________ it a moment ago. A．Did, do; finished B．Have, done; finished C．Did, do; have finished D．Have, done; have finished 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的作业做完了吗？——是的。我刚才做完了。 考查动词时态。根据“yet”可知，问句用现在完成时have/has done，主语是you，助动词用have；根据“a moment ago.”可知，答语应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式finished。故选B。 38．The old man and his wife ________ live in a big city, but they ________ living a simple life since they retired(退休) and moved to this small village. A．used to, are used to B．used to, have been used to C．were used to, used to D．were used to, have got used to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这位老人和他的妻子过去住在一个大城市，但自从他们退休搬到这个小村庄后，他们已经习惯了简朴的生活。 考查动词短语辨析。used to do sth过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth习惯做某事；be used to do sth被用来做某事。since+一般过去时的从句，主句用现在完成时，所以第二空填have been/got used to，排除A和C选项。根据“The old man and his wife… live in a big city”可知，前半句是指过去住在一个大城市，故选B。 39．The first time I ________ to NFLS, I didn’t know much about it. But now I ________ the school for three years and it is my second home. A．came; have come to B．came; have been in C．have come; have come to D．have come; have been in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我第一次来南外（NFLS）时，对它了解不多。但现在我已经在这所学校三年了，它就是我的第二个家。 考查动词时态辨析。第一空，根据“The first time”可知，此句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以第一空应该用一般过去时，动词用过去式；第二空，根据“for three years”可知，此句应该用现在完成时，且谓语动词要用延续性动词，come是短暂性动词，其延续性动词是be in，所以第二空应该用have been in。故选B。 40．—Do you know how long the shop ________? —For three years. I remembered it ________ on a sunny day. A．has been open, was open B．has been open , opened C．has been opened, was opened D．has opened, opened 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道这个商店开多长时间了吗？——三年了。我记得它是在一个晴天开的。 考查时态用法。根据时间状语“on a sunny day”，可知第二句时态为一般过去时态，动词使用过去式，故用opened，排除AC。根据第一句的how long和答语”For three years”，可知第一句的时态为现在完成时态，其结构为：have/has +过去分词。句中的动词要用延续性动词，动词open是短暂性动词，不能跟一段时间连用，排除D；has been open表示”已经开了”表示状态，可以跟一段时间，此处open是形容词。故选B。 二、单词拼写 41．The robots were developed by Unitree Technology, which ________ (receive) support from China’s robotics industry. 【答案】received/has received 【详解】句意：这些机器人由宇树科技研发，该公司获得了中国机器人产业的扶持。which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“Unitree Technology”；主句谓语“were developed”为一般过去时的被动语态，研发机器人这件事发生在过去，获得扶持也是过去发生的动作，从句时态使用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式received；也可以用现在完成时“has received”，表示该公司从过去某个时间开始获得扶持，持续到现在；或者过去得到扶持，对现在依旧产生影响。 42．We ________ (have) a school trip to the science museum last month, and I ________ (keep) the ticket as a souvenir (纪念品) since then. 【答案】 had have kept 【详解】句意：上个月我们去科学博物馆开展了一次学校旅行，到现在我还一直保存着那张门票作为纪念品。时间状语last month是过去时间，描述过去发生的出行动作，谓语动词用过去式，have的过去式是had；句尾since then是现在完成时标志，描述动作从过去（上个月拿到门票）持续到现在，主语I搭配助动词have，keep的过去分词为kept。故填had；have kept。 43．—Have you ________ (see) Ella these days? —Yes, I ________ (see) her at the shop just now. 【答案】 seen saw 【详解】句意：——你这几天见过埃拉吗？——是的，我刚才在商店看见她了。see意为“看见”，是动词。第一空，此处为现在完成时，have后接过去分词，see的过去分词为seen。第二空，根据时间状语“just now”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，see的过去式为saw。 44．I ________ (know) Li Ming for six years. We ________ (meet) in primary school and ________ (be) good friends since then. 【答案】 have known met have been 【详解】句意：我认识李明已经六年了。我们在小学相遇，从那时起就是好朋友。根据时间状语“for six years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，主语是I，助动词用have，know的过去分词为known，第一空填have known。“in primary school”提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，第二空填meet的过去式met。根据时间状语“since then”可知，状态从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，主语We是复数，助动词用have，be的过去分词为been，第三空填have been。 45．—________ your sister ________ (come) back from Yunnan? —Yes. She ________ (stay) there for two months to help train teachers in the countryside. 【答案】 Has come stayed 【详解】句意：——你姐姐从云南回来了吗？——是的。她在那里待了两个月，帮忙培训乡村教师。第一句话询问姐姐是否已经从云南返回，强调动作对现在的影响（现在是否在家），要用现在完成时，结构是Have/Has+动词过去分词。主语your sister是第三人称单数，所以助动词用Has，come的过去分词还是come。回答表明姐姐已经回来了，说明“待在云南”这个动作已经在过去结束，是过去发生的动作，因此用一般过去时，stay的过去式是stayed。 46．I ________ (finish) my homework already. I ________ (do) it the day before yesterday. 【答案】 have finished did 【详解】句意：我已经完成了我的作业。我是前天做的。第一空：句中含有标志词“already”，表示动作已经完成并对现在产生影响，应用现在完成时have/has+过去分词；主语为第一人称I，助动词用have，finish的过去分词为finished。第二空：句中含有明确的过去时间状语“the day before yesterday”，表示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时；do的过去式为did。 47．— ________ you ever ________ (visit) the new high-tech greenhouse? — Yes, I ________ (go) there last weekend with my classmates. 【答案】 Have visited went 【详解】句意：——你曾经参观过这座新型高科技温室吗？——去过，我上周末和同学们去了那里。句中含有标志词“ever”（曾经），表示询问过去的经历对现在的影响，应用现在完成时（have/has+过去分词）。主语是you，助动词用Have；visit的过去分词是visited。句中含有明确的过去时间状语“last weekend”（上周末），表示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。go的过去式是went。所以填Have；visited；went。 48．Our math teacher ________ (teach) in our school for 20 years and he ________ (come) here when he was 25 years old. 【答案】 has taught came 【详解】句意：我们的数学老师已经在我们学校教了20年了，他25岁的时候来到这里。根据“for 20 years”可知，第一个空是现在完成时，其结构是have done，主语“Our math teacher”为第三人称单数，助动词用has，动词teach“教授”的过去分词为taught；根据“when he was 25 years old”可知，第二个空是when引导的时间状语从句，时态保持一致，用一般过去时，谓语动词come应用过去式came。故填has taught；came。 49．The old man _________ last year. He ____________for a year. (die) 【答案】 died has been dead 【详解】句意：老人去年去世了。他已经死了一年了。根据第一空后last year可知，第一句用一般过去时，所以第一空用“die死亡”的过去式died。根据第二空后for a year可知，“for+一段时间”用现在完成时且句中要用延续性动词，而die是短暂性动词，必须用“be+形容词”表示状态的延续；主语He是单数，所以助动词用has，后面接be的过去分词been，再加die的形容词“dead无生命的”。故填died；has been dead。 50．Since Jim __________ (come) here, he __________ (teach) English in that school. 【答案】 came has taught 【详解】句意：自从吉姆来到这里，他就一直在那所学校教英语。本句为since引导的时间状语从句，主句使用现在完成时态，从句使用一般过去时态。come过去式，came;  teach动词，教； has taught现在完成时态的结构。故填：came; has taught。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 The Changing World 重点语法：一般过去时VS现在完成时精讲练 语法知识精讲 核心总纲 🟢一般过去时：动作发生在过去，已经结束，与现在无联系，常搭配明确过去时间。 🟢现在完成时：动作始于过去，落脚于现在，强调对现在的结果 / 影响，不搭配明确过去时间。 一、基本结构对比 时态 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 一般过去时 主语+动词过去式 He lived here. 主语+didn’t+动词原形 He didn’t live here. Did+主语+动词原形？ Did he live here? 现在完成时 主语+have/has+过去分词 He has lived here. 主语+have/has+not+过去分词 He hasn’t lived here. Have/Has+主语+过去分词？ Has he lived here? 🔔注意 1.一般过去时：助动词did / didn't后，动词必须用动词原形 2.现在完成时：三单主语用has，其余人称用have；务必熟记不规则动词过去分词 二、核心用法&时间标志词（必背） 🕒一般过去时 ✅含义：描述过去某时间发生的动作或状态，动作已结束，和现在无关。 ✅必选一般过去时标志词 例句 yesterday, just now I saw him just now. 我刚才看见了他。 …ago（…… 以前） He left three hours ago. 他三小时前离开了。 last+时间 (last week/year) I visited my grandma last week. 我上周看望了奶奶。 in+过去年份 (in 2023) He moved here in 2023. 他 2023 年搬到这里。 ✨现在完成时 两大核心考法：①过去动作对现在造成结果 / 影响；②动作从过去持续到现在。 考法 标志词 例句 用法 1：过去动作，影响现在 already, yet, just, ever, never I have lost my key. 我弄丢了钥匙。（现在没有钥匙） 用法 2：动作持续到现在 for+一段时间；since+过去时间点；so far；up to now She has lived here for 10 years. 她已经住在这里 10 年。 ⚠️【红色禁忌】现在完成时！ 绝对不能搭配 yesterday / …ago /last… 这类明确过去时间！ 三、重难点高频辨析【考试重中之重】 辨析 1：有无对现在的影响 一般过去时（只讲过去） 现在完成时（侧重现在结果） I bought a book. 我买过一本书。 👉只陈述过去事件，书现在是否拥有未知 I have bought a book. 我买了一本书。 👉含义：我现在手上有这本书 辨析 2：短暂性动词↔延续性动词（最高频易错❗） 规则：现在完成时中，for / since +一段时间，不能直接用短暂动词，要改为延续性动词；一般过去时不受该限制。 短暂动词 （瞬间动作） 对应的延续性动词 错误示范 正确改写 buy 买 have 拥有 ❌He has bought the bike for 2 years. ✅He has had the bike for 2 years. borrow 借入 keep 保管 ❌I have borrowed the book for a week. ✅I have kept the book for a week. leave 离开 be away ❌He has left for three days. ✅He has been away for three days. join 加入 be in / be a member of ❌He has joined the club for 1 year. ✅He has been in the club for 1 year. die 死亡 be dead ❌His grandpa has died for 5 years. ✅His grandpa has been dead for 5 years. 辨析 3：have been to /have gone to /have been in 短语 含义 例句 have been to+地点 去过某地，人已经返回 I have been to Shanghai. 我去过上海。（现在不在上海） have gone to+地点 去了某地，人还未回来 He has gone to Shanghai. 他去上海了。（人在上海，不在此处） have been in+地点+时间段 待在某地（持续状态） She has been in Shanghai for two years. 她在上海待两年了。 辨析 4：just vs just now 短语 时态 例句 just（刚刚） 现在完成时 I have just finished homework. 我刚刚写完作业。（现在作业已完成） just now（刚才） 一般过去时 I finished homework just now. 我刚才写完作业。（只讲刚才发生） 📌小口诀：just now 配过去，单独 just 配完成 四、做题四步解题模板 步骤 操作要点 第一步 找时间标志词：看到 yesterday/…ago/last… → 一般过去时，动词变过去式 第二步 若无明确过去时间，判断是否存在「现在结果」或者「动作持续到现在」；出现 already/yet/for/since/so far →现在完成时 have/has done 第三步 现在完成时后面接 for/since 一段时间：检查动词，短暂动词改为延续性动词！ 第四步 核对主语：三单选 has，其余用 have；否定、疑问句确认助动词。 语法知识精练 一、单项选择 1．—Have you ever ________ to the exhibition of inspiring young scientists? —Yes, I ________ there last April with my physics teacher. A．been; went B．gone; went C．been; have gone D．gone; go 2．—Have you ever ________ to the International Jazz Festival? —Yes, I ________ there with my father last summer. A．been; went B．gone; went C．been; have gone D．gone; go 3．She ______ in Beijing since 2020, and she ______ there three years ago. A．has lived; moved B．has moved; lived C．has lived; has moved D．has moved; moved 4．I became a teacher 15 years _________. I have been a teacher _______ 1997. I have taught here _________ about 15 years. A．ago; since; for B．ago; for; since C．ago; before; for D．ago; in; after 5．It has been two years since I ________ to Hefei. Now I feel at home in the city and have made many friends. A．move B．will move C．moved D．have moved 6．The box ________ here just now, but someone ________ it away already. A．is; took B．was; took C．was; has taken D．has been; has taken 7．—What are you looking for, Michael? —My cousin’s MP3 player. It ________ right here just now and now it’s ________! A．has been; gone B．was; gone C．was; going D．is; going 8．—Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A．has been in; is leaving B．has been to; has left C．has gone to; left D．has gone to; leaves 9．Mr Smith ________ to China 10 years ago and has been there ________. A．has gone; since then B．went; ever since C．has gone; since than D．went; from then 10．—______ you ______ to the new park near our school? —Yes. I ______ there with my parents last Saturday. A．Have; been; went B．Did; go; have been C．Have; gone; went D．Did; go; went 11．—______ Tom ______ to the Great Wall? —Yes. He ______ there with his parents last summer. A．Has; been; went B．Did; go; has been C．Has; been; has gone D．Did; go; went 12．—Mr. Liu, have you ever ________ abroad? —Yes. I ________ Singapore last week. A．been; have been to B．gone; have been in C．been; have gone to D．been; went to 13．—Where is Mr. Smith? —He ________ to the library. I ________ him there five minutes ago. A．has been; have met B．has been; met C．has gone; have met D．has gone; met 14．—Has the young astronaut ________ to the moon? —No, but she ________ to the space station last year. A．been; has been B．gone; went C．been; went D．gone; has been 15．—When did he leave Junan? —He ________ Junan last month. He ________ for more than fifteen days. A．left; has left B．left; has been away C．has left; has been away D．has left; left 16．—Are you a soccer player in your school? —Yes, I ________ the team two years ago. I ________ in the team for two years. A．have joined; have been B．was joined; am C．joined; was D．joined; have been 17．The meeting ________ at 9:00 AM, and it ________ for three hours. A．began; has been on B．began; has begun C．has begun; was on D．has begun; has been on 18．— Oh, Tom. When did you buy your bike? — I ________ it in 2020. And I ________ it for five years. A．buy; had B．bought; have had C．bought; had D．buy; have had 19．— How long ______ your family ______ in this town? — Since 2018. We ______ here when my father got a job. A．have; lived; moved B．did; live; moved C．have; lived; have moved D．did; live; have moved 20．My brother ______ in this company for 5 years. He ______ here in 2020. A．worked; came B．has worked; came C．has worked; has come D．worked; has come 21．—It’s over twenty years since we ________ here. —How time flies! We ________ in Tianjin for so long. A．have come; have lived B．came; have lived C．came; lived D．have lived; came 22．My sister ________ a teacher two years ago. She ________ for 2 years. A．married with, has been married B．married, has got married C．married, has been married D．married with, has got married 23．Mr Wu ________ his family since he ________ home at the age of 15. A．has supported; has been away from B．supported; left C．has supported; left D．supported; has left 24．He ________ in this farm factory for six years, and he ________ here in 2020. A．worked; came B．has worked; came C．has worked; has come D．works; comes 25．He ________ to Beijing five years ago, and he ________ there ever since. A．moved; lived B．moved; has lived C．has moved; lived D．moves; has lived 26．—________ you ever ________ to the city science museum? —Yes, I ________ there with my classmates last winter holiday. A．Did; go; went B．Have; been; went C．Have; been; have been D．Did; go; have been 27．—Your skirt looks so beautiful! When did you buy it? —I ________ it on my 16th birthday and I ________ it for 2 years. A．buy; will buy B．bought; have had C．bought; have bought D．buy; had 28．Jack ________ Xinhui two years ago. He ________ for two years. A．leaves; has left B．left; has been away C．leaves; has been away D．left; has left 29．—Could you tell me when you ________ the new smartphone?       —Well, I _______ it for a month. A．have bought; have had B．bought; have bought C．have bought; have kept D．bought; have had 30．—How is your grandmother? —She _______ three years ago. She ________ for three years. A．died; has been dead B．had died; has been dead C．has died; had died D．died; died 31．—When did William Shakespeare ________? —He ________ for about 400 years, but his works still have great influence today. A．die; died B．die; has been dead C．dead; has been died D．dead; died 32．—When did the old man ________? — In 2005. He ________ for nearly ten years. A．die; died B．dead; has died C．die; has been dead D．dead; died 33．Jim ________ Thailand for honeymoon since he ________ Mary two weeks ago. A．has gone to; married with B．has been in; married C．has gone to; got married to D．has been to; married 34．—________ you ever ________ to Japan? —Yes. I ________ there with my mum last summer. A．Do...go, go B．Have...been, went C．Have...gone, went D．Is...go, go 35．I ______ the new film already. I ______ very excited when I saw it. A．have seen; was B．have seen; has been C．will see; am D．saw; will be 36．— Have you heard of the car accident that happened near our school? — Yes. Luckily, the injured (受伤的) people ________ to the hospital in time. A．sent B．are sent C．have sent D．were sent 37．—________ you ________ your homework yet? —Yes. I ________ it a moment ago. A．Did, do; finished B．Have, done; finished C．Did, do; have finished D．Have, done; have finished 38．The old man and his wife ________ live in a big city, but they ________ living a simple life since they retired(退休) and moved to this small village. A．used to, are used to B．used to, have been used to C．were used to, used to D．were used to, have got used to 39．The first time I ________ to NFLS, I didn’t know much about it. But now I ________ the school for three years and it is my second home. A．came; have come to B．came; have been in C．have come; have come to D．have come; have been in 40．—Do you know how long the shop ________? —For three years. I remembered it ________ on a sunny day. A．has been open, was open B．has been open , opened C．has been opened, was opened D．has opened, opened 二、单词拼写 41．The robots were developed by Unitree Technology, which ________ (receive) support from China’s robotics industry. 42．We ________ (have) a school trip to the science museum last month, and I ________ (keep) the ticket as a souvenir (纪念品) since then. 43．—Have you ________ (see) Ella these days? —Yes, I ________ (see) her at the shop just now. 44．I ________ (know) Li Ming for six years. We ________ (meet) in primary school and ________ (be) good friends since then. 45．—________ your sister ________ (come) back from Yunnan? —Yes. She ________ (stay) there for two months to help train teachers in the countryside. 46．I ________ (finish) my homework already. I ________ (do) it the day before yesterday. 47．— ________ you ever ________ (visit) the new high-tech greenhouse? — Yes, I ________ (go) there last weekend with my classmates. 48．Our math teacher ________ (teach) in our school for 20 years and he ________ (come) here when he was 25 years old. 49．The old man _________ last year. He ____________for a year. (die) 50．Since Jim __________ (come) here, he __________ (teach) English in that school. 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $