Unit 1 Great people 单元话题（伟人事迹）阅读理解进阶练12篇-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教版）

**基本信息** 以“伟人事迹”为核心话题，分基础、进阶、综合三层次设计12篇阅读，精选真题与外刊改编材料，系统提升语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础入门训练|4篇（孔子、宋庆龄等）|以事实细节题为主，考查人物成就、行为等直接信息|从单一人物基本信息到简单共性分析，搭建话题认知框架| |进阶拓展训练|4篇（甘地、司马迁等）|增加词义猜测（如“productive”）、段落主旨题，深化人物精神理解|从个人事迹到历史影响，构建“事迹-精神-影响”逻辑链| |能力综合实践|4篇（华罗庚、珍·古道尔等）|含推理判断、作者态度题，融合跨文化对比与深层价值观探讨|从个体到群体，关联时代背景与社会贡献，提升思维品质与学习能力|

2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 Great people 单元话题（伟人事迹）阅读理解进阶练12篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，选题均为25-26学年最新名校或地区统考卷真题或外刊原题改编，质量较高。老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 Throughout history, many great people have changed the world with their ideas and actions. Here are four of them: Name Achievement Influence Confucius​ (551—479 BC) A great thinker and educator. He set up private schools and taught students for free. His ideas about kindness and learning are still important in China and other Asian countries. Isaac Newton​ (1643—1727) An English scientist who discovered gravity and the laws of motion. His work laid the foundation for modern physics and space exploration. Marie Curie​ (1867—1934) A Polish-French scientist who discovered radium and polonium. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, and her research helps treat cancer today. Nelson Mandela​ (1918—2013) A South African leader who fought against racial segregation (种族隔离). He became president and promoted peace, teaching the world about forgiveness and equality. These people came from different backgrounds, but they all shared one thing: a strong belief in making the world better. They faced many difficulties, but they never gave up. Their stories teach us that anyone can make a difference, no matter where they come from. 1．Who was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize? A．Confucius B．Isaac Newton C．Marie Curie D．Nelson Mandela 2．What did Isaac Newton discover? A．Gravity B．Radium C．Kindness D．Equality 3．What did Confucius do to help education? A．He built many public schools. B．He set up private schools and taught for free. C．He wrote many books about science. D．He traveled around the world to teach. 4．Which of the following is TRUE about Nelson Mandela? A．He was a scientist. B．He fought against racial segregation. C．He discovered a new element. D．He was born in China. 5．What do these four people have in common? A．They were all born in Asia. B．They all won Nobel Prizes. C．They all faced difficulties but never gave up. D．They all studied in the same university. Song Qingling was a famous and kind woman in Chinese history. She was born in 1893 in Shanghai and passed away in 1981. People called her “a treasure of the country” because she did so many good things for China. When she was a little girl, Song was honest and trustworthy. Once, her family planned to go out for a walk together, but Song remembered she had promised to teach her friend Xiao Zhen to fold flowers. So she chose to stay at home alone even though her friend didn’t come. Her parents were proud of her. Later, she met Sun Zhongshan, a great revolutionary (革命家). She helped him with his work and married him. They worked together to make China better. When danger came, she always thought of others first. For example, she saved many patriots (爱国人士) and helped women and children a lot. In 1933, a brave soldier named Chen Geng was arrested (逮捕) by the enemy. Song Qingling heard about it and tried her best to save him. She even started organizations to help poor kids get education and medical care. Song Qingling loved her country and people deeply. She spent her whole life fighting for China’s independence and people’s happiness. She is a role model for everyone. 1．When was Song Qingling born? A．In 1883. B．In 1893. C．In 1981. D．In 1933. 2．What did Song Qingling do when her family went out for a walk? A．She went with her family. B．She waited for her friend at home. C．She visited Chen Geng. D．She did her homework at school. 3．What’s paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The hard experience of the soldier Chen Geng. B．The marriage between Song Qingling and Sun Zhongshan. C．The great efforts Song Qingling made to help people. D．The organizations Song Qingling started for children. If you were asked to introduce Lu You, how would you describe him? A famous poet who loved his country? But do you know that Lu was also a “slasher (斜杠青年)” of his time? If he had a social media profile (个人资料), it might read like this: poet/ politician (政治家) / foodie/ cat lover. Born in the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279), he was one of the most productive poets in Chinese history. About 9, 300 of his poems are still around today. Many of these are filled with a wish to protect his homeland, making him a famous patriotic (爱国的) poet. As a politician, Lu tried his best to offer advice to the government. At that time, the Southern Song Dynasty was often attacked by the northern Jin Dynasty (1115-1234). Lu spoke out against the Song government’s weak policy (政策) and called for fighting back. However, he was downgraded because of this. Although disappointed with government work, Lu found joy in food. While serving in the Shu region, he wrote over 100 poems about cooking and growing vegetables. Many believe that his secret to long life was his healthy eating habits. He even wrote a poem about the benefits of porridge. Lu also found comfort in his cat friends. He wrote funny poems to his cats, showing how cute they are and how they gave him warmth on cold days. That’s what made him such a true cat lover! As a man of a great national dream and someone who loved life’s small joys, Lu showed us that a full life can be built with many “slashes”! 1．How would the writer describe Lu You? A．A poet. B．A politician. C．A foodie. D．A slasher. 2．The underlined word “productive” means “________”. A．fruitful B．serious C．confident D．polite 3．What does “this” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．He wore too many titles. B．His ideas were against the Song government. C．He developed different hobbies. D．He planned to enjoy his life in the countryside. 4．Which of the following poems is written by Lu You? A．Very quietly I take my leave, As quietly as I came here; Quietly I wave goodbye, To the rosy clouds in the western sky. B．Everyone seeks the secret to a long life, But fails to see it’s right before their eyes. I learned from Wanqiu this simple, humble way, To eat plain porridge is to become immortal. C．Before my bed a pool of light —Can it be hoarfrost on the ground? Looking up, I find the moon bright; Bowing, in homesickness I’m drowned. D．How long will the full moon appear? Wine cup in hand, I ask the sky... I wish that we could live forever, So we could share the moonlight far apart, together. 5．How can we build a full life according to Lu You’s experience? A．Think twice before you act. B．Early to bed, and early to rise. C．Dream big and enjoy small. D．Travel around and explore more. Characters: Steven—Lu Xun; Paul—Mr. Fujino Place: Mr. Fujino’s office&home (Scene 1: Mr. Fujino’s office) Lu Xun decided not to study medicine and planned to go back to China. Steven: Mr. Fujino, I decided not to study medicine any more. Paul: Why? You passed the test. Steven: Yeah. But I didn’t like the class. Paul: That makes me feel sad. I want you to be an excellent doctor. So, what are you going to learn? Lu thought of an excuse (借口) to comfort Mr. Fujino. Steven: I want to study biology. Paul: Biology? That’s a really good idea for you! (Scene 2: Mr. Fujino’s home) Lu had a few days to go back to China. Then Mr. Fujino asked Lu to go to his home. Paul: As my first Chinese student, can you leave me something as a gift? Steven: Of course! Lu Xun didn’t often take photos at that time. Mr. Fujino gave Lu a picture and wrote “Goodbye” on it. Paul: Remember to send me a photo of you and write to me often. I won’t forget you and I am proud of teaching a Chinese student. This student will take something useful to China and then help his country. 1．What did Lu Xun decide to do at the start of the play? A．To become a good doctor. B．To study biology in China. C．To study hard to pass the test. D．To give up learning medicine. 2．We can know from the play that ________. A．Lu Xun enjoyed the class in Japan B．Lu Xun planned to learn biology next term C．Mr. Fujino wanted Lu Xun to be a doctor D．Lu Xun bought a gift for Mr. Fujino 3．From the play, what kind of person is Mr. Fujino? A．Friendly. B．Shy. C．Strict. D．Careless. 进阶拓展训练4篇 The Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period were ages of great cultural development in China. Here are some great characters of that time. Shang Yang reformed many fields. Before the reform, he placed a log (原木) at the gate and promised (承诺), “if someone can move the log, he will get a reward.” No one believed him until someone moved the log, and Shang Yang really gave him a reward. Do you know Lu Ban lock? It is a removable toy. Lu Ban made it for his son. His son studied all night before opening it. He also invented many tools. Li Bing was an expert in water projects. He set up many water projects. Dujiangyan is the most famous. It made water helpful to the people. Once, an official fell unconscious (昏迷的). Everyone thought he was dead except Bian Que. Bian Que felt his weak pulse and said, “He will wake up in three days.” Two days later, the official woke up. Everyone was amazed. When Bo Ya played, even the horses looked up, listened to his music and stopped eating. Bo Ya’s friend, Zhong Ziqi, understood his music. They liked each other. After Ziqi died, Bo Ya broke his guqin and never played it any more. 1．Why did Shang Yang make a promise before the reform? A．To give people a reward. B．To sell the log at the market. C．To fix the gate of the building. D．To make people believe him. 2．What can we know from the passage? A．Lu Ban was an ancient inventor. B．Zhong Ziqi was good at playing the guqin. C．Li Bing did well in building houses. D．Bian Que once brought a dead person back to life. 3．What’s the main theme (主题) of the text? A．Famous people. B．Chinese medicine. C．Traditional music. D．Important inventions. ① The story of Mahatma Gandhi is one of the most powerful examples of peaceful resistance in history. Born in 1869 in India, Gandhi was a lawyer who became a leader in the Indian independence movement. He was deeply influenced by the idea of non-violence, which he called Satyagraha—“the force of truth.” ② Gandhi believed that true change could only come through peaceful means. He led numerous protests, boycotts, and marches, including the famous Salt March in 1930. He inspired millions to join the movement, not by force, but by the power of his conviction. ③ Despite being imprisoned many times, Gandhi never wavered in his commitment. He lived a life of simplicity and encouraged others to do the same. He ate only vegetarian food, wore homespun cloth, and refused to accept material wealth. ④ Gandhi’s philosophy influenced leaders around the world, including Martin Luther King Jr. in the United States and Nelson Mandela in South Africa. His legacy is a reminder that change is possible through compassion and determination. ⑤ Gandhi was assassinated in 1948, but his ideas continue to inspire movements for justice and peace. He once said, “Be the change that you wish to see in the world.” 1．What was Gandhi’s philosophy called? A．Ahimsa. B．Satyagraha. C．Non-cooperation. D．Civil disobedience. 2．What did Gandhi believe about change? A．It could only come through violence. B．It could come through peaceful means. C．It was impossible. D．It required wealth. 3．Who was influenced by Gandhi? A．Martin Luther King Jr. B．Nelson Mandela. C．Both A and B． D．Neither A nor B． 4．What is the best structure of the text? A．①—②③④—⑤ B．①②—③④—⑤ C．①—②—③④—⑤ D．①②③④—⑤ Sima Qian is a truly inspiring historical figure in ancient China. He lived in the Western Han Dynasty. He loved history and decided to write a complete history book of China when he was young. Unluckily, he met terrible trouble in his life. He suffered great pain, but he didn’t give up his writing dream. Day after day, he collected historical materials, interviewed old people and recorded thousands of historical stories. After more than ten years’ hard work, he finished Records of the Grand Historian. It is not only the first biographical history book in China, but also a wonderful literary work. Nowadays, his persistence still encourages us. When we face failures in study or life, we should remember Sima Qian: stick to your goal and never stop trying. 根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 1．What did Sima Qian decide to write when he was young? A．A science book. B．A history book. C．A geography book. D．A storybook. 2．What difficulty did Sima Qian meet during his writing? A．He had no books to read. B．He suffered great pain. C．He had no time to write. D．No one helped him collect materials. 3．How long did it take him to finish his great work? A．Less than five years. B．About eight years. C．Over ten years. D．More than twenty years. 4．What spirit can we learn from Sima Qian? A．Being careful with money. B．Being polite to others. C．Persistence and never giving up. D．Being good at talking with people. Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911. He is known as “the father of China’s space program” and “the king of the rocket”. When he was 24 years old, Qian went to America for further study. After graduation, he worked there for a few years. In the early 1950s, he decided not to stay in America any longer. He succeeded in coming back to his motherland in 1955. In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested setting up a special organization. This organization later became the leading one for China’s rocket and air travel program. In June 1964, China created its first medium rocket. Qian also played an important part in developing China’s first man-made satellite (卫星) . On April 24, 1970, China’s first man-made satellite, “Dongfanghong-I” was successfully sent into the air. In 1964, a young man wrote a letter to Qian Xuesen and pointed out a mistake in his article. Qian immediately answered the letter and stimulated him to write an article about the mistake. Zhu Yilin was said to be Qian Xuesen’s last student. He once said, “I learned a lot of professional knowledge as well as the spirit and attitude (态度) that a scientist should have from Mr. Qian.” 1．When did Qian Xuesen return to China from America? A．In 1911. B．In 1935. C．In 1955. D．In 1956. 2．What happened on April 24, 1970? A．China launched its first man-made satellite. B．China created its first rocket. C．Qian suggested setting up a space organization. D．Qian received a special letter. 3．How old was Qian Xuesen when a young man wrote a letter to him? A．45 years old. B．48 years old. C．50 years old. D．53 years old. 4．What does the underlined word “stimulated” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Created. B．Sold. C．Trusted. D．Encouraged. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．The Early Life of Qian Xuesen B．China’s Journey to Space C．The Great Scientist Qian Xuesen D．China’s Space Dreams 能力综合实践4篇 In February 1950, Hua Luogeng, as a Chinese mathematician (数学家), wrote an open letter to all Chinese students studying in the US when he was on his way back to China. The letter touched many people. It also showed the strong love for the country of many overseas Chinese scientists who wanted to go back to their motherland badly. The documentary (纪录片) Return tells the stories of many such scientists who decided to return to China in the 1950s. “It not only talks about their historical background but also shows their feelings and deep love for the country,” said Li Zheng, the director of the documentary. Return shares many little-known stories of these scientists. For Hua Luogeng, many people don’t know how important his work was for the early development of computer science in China. In March 1950, Hua left his job at Princeton University’s Institute for Advanced Study and went back to China. At that time, few people knew about computers, but Hua already saw their great use for scientific progress. The next year, he became the director of the Institute of Mathematics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) and set up China’s first computer research group. Li said Hua’s story moved him a lot. “Hua was not just a mathematician. He had great ideas and was very brave, especially for his time.” When talking about the influence of Return on young people, Li said, “I hope teenagers can learn more about history from this documentary and be encouraged by the spirit of these scientists. Today’s young people live in a happy and rich society, but we must never forget the contributions of those who came before us.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What did Hua’s open letter mainly show? A．His strong love for his motherland. B．His teaching methods in math. C．His travel experiences around the world. D．His achievements in mathematics. 2．When did Hua leave Princeton University? A．In February 1950 B．In March 1950 C．In January 1951 D．In March 1949 3．What does the documentary Return mainly talk about? A．Hua Luogeng’s study experience in the US. B．Scientists who returned to China in the 1950s. C．The development of computers in China. D．Young people’s love for their country. 4．What can we learn from Hua Luogeng’s story? A．He was only good at math. B．He didn’t like working in the US. C．He knew everything about computers. D．He was far-sighted and had a strong will. 5．Why did Li Zheng make the documentary Return? A．To ask young people to work in the US. B．To show Hua Luogeng’s great achievements in math. C．To help teenagers learn history and be inspired by scientists. D．To tell people about the history of computer development. Jane Goodall—Friend of Wild Chimpanzees Jane Goodall is a world-famous wildlife protection scientist from Britain. When she was a little girl, she fell in deep love with wild animals. At 26, she travelled to Gombe National Park in Tanzania to study wild chimpanzees. At that time, almost all animal experts believed only human beings could make and use tools. After years of quiet observation, Jane recorded clear proof: wild chimps could pick tree branches, tear leaves off and use sticks to catch termites. Her discovery shocked global biology circles and changed people’s understanding of animal intelligence. Jane lived in simple small tents in the forest for over thirty years. She faced heavy rain, dangerous wild beasts and lonely days. Many times she wanted to return to cities, but her love for chimps kept her staying. She named every chimp group and built close trust with these wild creatures. Now Jane travels around every continent to give speeches. She calls on young people to protect wild animals and stop destroying natural forests. She sets up youth environmental groups in many countries. Her lifelong work tells us that small steady efforts can save our planet’s wild lives. 1．Where did Jane study wild chimpanzees? A．In Britain. B．In Tanzania’s Gombe Park. C．In the Gobi Desert. D．In southern China. 2．What great discovery did Jane make about chimps? A．Chimps sleep in tall trees every night. B．Chimps can make and use simple tools. C．Chimps live alone without groups. D．Chimps mainly eat grass and leaves. 3．How long did Jane live and carry out field research in the forest? A．More than 30 years. B．Less than 5 years. C．About 10 years. D．Only two years. 4．What does Jane do to protect wild animals now? A．Build large zoos in big cities. B．Give speeches and organize youth environmental teams. C．Catch chimps and send them to research labs. D．Write storybooks only for little kids. 5．What is the writer’s attitude towards Jane Goodall? A．Doubtful. B．Uninterested. C．Admiring. D．Critical. Lei Diansheng is a famous Chinese explorer and environmental protector. Born in 1963 in a small village near Harbin, he is called “the modern Xu Xiake” for his great journey. Before starting his trip, he spent 10 years preparing—he did daily long runs to build up his strength and read many books on wild survival to learn how to deal with dangers. From 1998 to 2008, Lei spent 10 years walking across China. He walked about 81,000 kilometers almost twice around the equator (赤道)! During the trip, he wore out 52 pairs of shoes and lost 19 toenails. Once, he even had to eat snake meat to stay alive in the Shennongjia Forest. He faced many dangers, like mudslides and wolf attacks, but he never gave up. In 2008, he made history by walking alone through the Lop Nur Desert (罗布泊) a dry, dangerous place. He walked 1,100 kilometers in 31 days and became the first person to do that alone. Lei didn’t just walk for fun. He visited all 56 ethnic groups (民族) in China, took 40,000 photos and wrote 3.2 million words in his notes. These notes became a “living record” of Chinese culture and nature. He also helped others during his trip—he gave money to poor students and joined in flood rescue work in Hunan Province. Now, Lei still works for nature and education. He leads teams to study the environment, like protecting the source of the Yangtze River. Last year, he took a group of scientists to collect water samples there. He also works with traditional artists to turn his travel notes into art, so more people can learn about environmental protection. For students, he organizes hiking camps in Heilongjiang’s forests, where kids learn to identify wild plants and understand local ethnic cultures. Lei’s story tells us: True adventure is not just about walking far. It’s about loving our land and protecting it. 1．What can we know about Lei Diansheng’s 10-year journey? A．He walked around the equator twice. B．He wore 52 pairs of new shoes. C．He faced many dangers but kept going. D．He finished his trip in 2008 and became famous immediately. 2．What does the underlined phrase “wore out” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．丢失 B．磨破 C．赠送 D．试穿 3．What did Lei Diansheng do during his 10-year trip? ①Took many photos.    ②Wrote long notes. ③Helped poor students.    ④Built schools for kids. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 4．What can we infer (推断) from Lei’s current (当前的) work? A．He stops walking activities and stays at home. B．He only focuses on protecting the source of the Yangtze River C．He wants to call on more people to protect nature. D．He forgets his travel experience in the past. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How Lei finished walking through Lop Nur Desert. B．A 10-year trip that changed Lei Diansheng’s life C．Different ways to protect our natural environment D．Lei Diansheng: A great explorer and environmental protector Zhao Yang, general of Chu, defeated the state of Wei. After the big winning, all the soldiers cheered for their general and believed that they would be unbeatable. He planned to lead his army to attack Qi. Afraid of Zhao Yang’s powerful army, the King of Qi asked his prime minister Chen Zhen for help. Chen Zhen agreed to stop Zhao Yang. Chen Zhen rode fast to Zhao Yang’s camp. “Congratulations, General!” Chen Zhen said. “You have just beaten Wei and won eight cities. You must be the hero of Chu now.” Zhao Yang laughed and invited Chen Zhen in to have a secret conversation. Later Chen Zhen asked, “What is the highest reward (回报) for a great general in Chu?” Zhao Yang answered without thinking, “The highest position is prime minister.” Chen Zhen asked again, “Is there any position higher than prime minister in Chu?” Zhao Yang shook his head, “No. Only the king is higher.” Then Chen Zhen told him a story. After that, Chen Zhen told Zhao Yang, “You are already a prime minister, the highest position for a minister. If you win in the attack against Qi, you get nothing new. If you lose, you will lose everything.” Zhao Yang thought it was true and decided to stop. — Adapted from Strategies of the Warring States (Zhanguo Ce) 1．What was Zhao Yang’s army like? A．Confident. B．Worried. C．Helpful. D．Scared. 2．What was Chen Zhen good at? A．The ability of management. B．The art of language. C．The skill of drawing. D．The culture of drinking. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Zhao Yang would be the king of Chu. B．The King of Qi didn’t trust Chen Zhen. C．Zhao Yang agreed with Chen Zhen. D．Chen Zhen didn’t care about fame. 4．What story did Chen Zhen tell Zhao Yang? A． B． C． D． 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 Great people 单元话题（伟人事迹）阅读理解进阶练12篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，选题均为25-26学年最新名校或地区统考卷真题或外刊原题改编，质量较高。老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 Throughout history, many great people have changed the world with their ideas and actions. Here are four of them: Name Achievement Influence Confucius​ (551—479 BC) A great thinker and educator. He set up private schools and taught students for free. His ideas about kindness and learning are still important in China and other Asian countries. Isaac Newton​ (1643—1727) An English scientist who discovered gravity and the laws of motion. His work laid the foundation for modern physics and space exploration. Marie Curie​ (1867—1934) A Polish-French scientist who discovered radium and polonium. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, and her research helps treat cancer today. Nelson Mandela​ (1918—2013) A South African leader who fought against racial segregation (种族隔离). He became president and promoted peace, teaching the world about forgiveness and equality. These people came from different backgrounds, but they all shared one thing: a strong belief in making the world better. They faced many difficulties, but they never gave up. Their stories teach us that anyone can make a difference, no matter where they come from. 1．Who was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize? A．Confucius B．Isaac Newton C．Marie Curie D．Nelson Mandela 2．What did Isaac Newton discover? A．Gravity B．Radium C．Kindness D．Equality 3．What did Confucius do to help education? A．He built many public schools. B．He set up private schools and taught for free. C．He wrote many books about science. D．He traveled around the world to teach. 4．Which of the following is TRUE about Nelson Mandela? A．He was a scientist. B．He fought against racial segregation. C．He discovered a new element. D．He was born in China. 5．What do these four people have in common? A．They were all born in Asia. B．They all won Nobel Prizes. C．They all faced difficulties but never gave up. D．They all studied in the same university. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文罗列了孔子、牛顿、居里夫人、曼德拉四位伟人的生平、成就与带来的影响，讲述他们凭借思想与行动改变世界，传递直面困境永不放弃、人人都能有所作为的主旨。 1．原文表格Marie Curie一栏写明“She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize”，Marie Curie是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性。 2．原文表格Isaac Newton一栏写明“discovered gravity and the laws of motion”，牛顿发现了重力和运动定律。 3．原文表格Confucius一栏写明“He set up private schools and taught students for free”，孔子创办私学，免费教授学生。 4．原文表格Nelson Mandela一栏写明“A South African leader who fought against racial segregation”，Nelson Mandela是反抗种族隔离的南非领导人。 5．文章末尾段落写明“They faced many difficulties, but they never gave up”，四位伟人都经历了诸多困难，但从未放弃。 Song Qingling was a famous and kind woman in Chinese history. She was born in 1893 in Shanghai and passed away in 1981. People called her “a treasure of the country” because she did so many good things for China. When she was a little girl, Song was honest and trustworthy. Once, her family planned to go out for a walk together, but Song remembered she had promised to teach her friend Xiao Zhen to fold flowers. So she chose to stay at home alone even though her friend didn’t come. Her parents were proud of her. Later, she met Sun Zhongshan, a great revolutionary (革命家). She helped him with his work and married him. They worked together to make China better. When danger came, she always thought of others first. For example, she saved many patriots (爱国人士) and helped women and children a lot. In 1933, a brave soldier named Chen Geng was arrested (逮捕) by the enemy. Song Qingling heard about it and tried her best to save him. She even started organizations to help poor kids get education and medical care. Song Qingling loved her country and people deeply. She spent her whole life fighting for China’s independence and people’s happiness. She is a role model for everyone. 1．When was Song Qingling born? A．In 1883. B．In 1893. C．In 1981. D．In 1933. 2．What did Song Qingling do when her family went out for a walk? A．She went with her family. B．She waited for her friend at home. C．She visited Chen Geng. D．She did her homework at school. 3．What’s paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The hard experience of the soldier Chen Geng. B．The marriage between Song Qingling and Sun Zhongshan. C．The great efforts Song Qingling made to help people. D．The organizations Song Qingling started for children. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记类记叙文，主要讲述了中国历史上著名的女性宋庆龄的生平事迹，包括她的诚实守信、对革命事业的支持以及为国家和人民所做的贡献。 1．根据文章第一段“She was born in 1893 in Shanghai”可知，宋庆龄出生于1893年。 2．根据文章第二段“Song remembered she had promised to teach her friend Xiao Zhen to fold flowers. So she chose to stay at home alone”可知，家人外出散步时，她选择独自在家等朋友。 3．第三段列举了宋庆龄帮助孙中山工作、在危险时先想到他人、营救陈赓、创办组织帮助贫困儿童等事例，整体概括了她为帮助他人所做的巨大努力。 If you were asked to introduce Lu You, how would you describe him? A famous poet who loved his country? But do you know that Lu was also a “slasher (斜杠青年)” of his time? If he had a social media profile (个人资料), it might read like this: poet/ politician (政治家) / foodie/ cat lover. Born in the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279), he was one of the most productive poets in Chinese history. About 9, 300 of his poems are still around today. Many of these are filled with a wish to protect his homeland, making him a famous patriotic (爱国的) poet. As a politician, Lu tried his best to offer advice to the government. At that time, the Southern Song Dynasty was often attacked by the northern Jin Dynasty (1115-1234). Lu spoke out against the Song government’s weak policy (政策) and called for fighting back. However, he was downgraded because of this. Although disappointed with government work, Lu found joy in food. While serving in the Shu region, he wrote over 100 poems about cooking and growing vegetables. Many believe that his secret to long life was his healthy eating habits. He even wrote a poem about the benefits of porridge. Lu also found comfort in his cat friends. He wrote funny poems to his cats, showing how cute they are and how they gave him warmth on cold days. That’s what made him such a true cat lover! As a man of a great national dream and someone who loved life’s small joys, Lu showed us that a full life can be built with many “slashes”! 1．How would the writer describe Lu You? A．A poet. B．A politician. C．A foodie. D．A slasher. 2．The underlined word “productive” means “________”. A．fruitful B．serious C．confident D．polite 3．What does “this” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．He wore too many titles. B．His ideas were against the Song government. C．He developed different hobbies. D．He planned to enjoy his life in the countryside. 4．Which of the following poems is written by Lu You? A．Very quietly I take my leave, As quietly as I came here; Quietly I wave goodbye, To the rosy clouds in the western sky. B．Everyone seeks the secret to a long life, But fails to see it’s right before their eyes. I learned from Wanqiu this simple, humble way, To eat plain porridge is to become immortal. C．Before my bed a pool of light —Can it be hoarfrost on the ground? Looking up, I find the moon bright; Bowing, in homesickness I’m drowned. D．How long will the full moon appear? Wine cup in hand, I ask the sky... I wish that we could live forever, So we could share the moonlight far apart, together. 5．How can we build a full life according to Lu You’s experience? A．Think twice before you act. B．Early to bed, and early to rise. C．Dream big and enjoy small. D．Travel around and explore more. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文从诗人、政治家、美食家和爱猫人士四个角度介绍了陆游的多重身份，说明一个充实的人生可以拥有多个“斜杠”。 1．文章第一段“But do you know that Lu was also a ‘slasher (斜杠青年)’ of his time?”以及最后一段“Lu showed us that a full life can be built with many ‘slashes’!”指出，作者主要想强调陆游多重身份的特点，即“斜杠青年”。虽然他也是诗人、政治家和美食家，但“slasher”是对他多重身份最全面的概括。 2．划线词后文“About 9, 300 of his poems are still around today.”（大约9300首诗流传至今）表明，陆游创作的诗歌数量非常多。productive意为“多产的”，与fruitful（富有成效的/多产的）意思相近。 3．代词“this”通常指代前文提到的内容。前一句提到“Lu spoke out against the Song government's weak policy (政策) and called for fighting back.”（陆游公开反对南宋政府的软弱政策并呼吁反击）。因此，“this”指代的是他反对政府政策的行为/观点，这导致了他被降职。选项B“他的思想与宋朝政府相悖。”符合文意。 4．文章第四段“He even wrote a poem about the benefits of porridge.”（他甚至写了一首关于粥的好处的诗）以及“Many believe that his secret to long life was his healthy eating habits.”说明，陆游写过关于粥和长寿的诗。选项B的内容提到了“secret to a long life”和“eat plain porridge”，与文章内容相符。选项A是徐志摩的诗，选项C是李白的诗，选项D是苏轼的词。 5．文章最后一段“As a man of a great national dream and someone who loved life’s small joys, Lu showed us that a full life can be built with many ‘slashes’!”指出，陆游的人生哲学是既有家国大梦想（Dream big），又热爱生活的小确幸（enjoy small）。选项C完美概括了这一点。 Characters: Steven—Lu Xun; Paul—Mr. Fujino Place: Mr. Fujino’s office&home (Scene 1: Mr. Fujino’s office) Lu Xun decided not to study medicine and planned to go back to China. Steven: Mr. Fujino, I decided not to study medicine any more. Paul: Why? You passed the test. Steven: Yeah. But I didn’t like the class. Paul: That makes me feel sad. I want you to be an excellent doctor. So, what are you going to learn? Lu thought of an excuse (借口) to comfort Mr. Fujino. Steven: I want to study biology. Paul: Biology? That’s a really good idea for you! (Scene 2: Mr. Fujino’s home) Lu had a few days to go back to China. Then Mr. Fujino asked Lu to go to his home. Paul: As my first Chinese student, can you leave me something as a gift? Steven: Of course! Lu Xun didn’t often take photos at that time. Mr. Fujino gave Lu a picture and wrote “Goodbye” on it. Paul: Remember to send me a photo of you and write to me often. I won’t forget you and I am proud of teaching a Chinese student. This student will take something useful to China and then help his country. 1．What did Lu Xun decide to do at the start of the play? A．To become a good doctor. B．To study biology in China. C．To study hard to pass the test. D．To give up learning medicine. 2．We can know from the play that ________. A．Lu Xun enjoyed the class in Japan B．Lu Xun planned to learn biology next term C．Mr. Fujino wanted Lu Xun to be a doctor D．Lu Xun bought a gift for Mr. Fujino 3．From the play, what kind of person is Mr. Fujino? A．Friendly. B．Shy. C．Strict. D．Careless. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文为情景对话剧本，还原鲁迅向藤野先生告别场景，鲁迅决心弃医归国，谎称要学生物宽慰老师，藤野先生十分不舍，赠送留念照片，饱含对鲁迅的期许。 1．根据剧本开头的舞台说明“Lu Xun decided not to study medicine and planned to go back to China.”以及Steven的第一句台词“I decided not to study medicine any more.”可知，鲁迅在剧开始时决定不再学习医学。 D选项To give up learning medicine.符合语境。 2．根据Paul的台词“That makes me feel sad. I want you to be an excellent doctor.”可知，藤野先生希望鲁迅成为一名优秀的医生，C项正确。A项与文中“But I didn’t like the class.”矛盾；B项文中提到学生物是鲁迅为了安慰老师找的借口(excuse)；D项文中提到是藤野先生送给了鲁迅照片，而非鲁迅买礼物。C选项Mr. Fujino wanted Lu Xun to be a doctor符合语境。 3．根据文中藤野先生邀请鲁迅去家里(asked Lu to go to his home)、送照片并题字(gave Lu a picture and wrote“Goodbye”)、以及表达骄傲和期望 (I am proud of teaching a Chinese student) 等行为，可以看出他对学生关怀备至，是一位友好的人。A选项Friendly符合语境。 进阶拓展训练4篇 The Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period were ages of great cultural development in China. Here are some great characters of that time. Shang Yang reformed many fields. Before the reform, he placed a log (原木) at the gate and promised (承诺), “if someone can move the log, he will get a reward.” No one believed him until someone moved the log, and Shang Yang really gave him a reward. Do you know Lu Ban lock? It is a removable toy. Lu Ban made it for his son. His son studied all night before opening it. He also invented many tools. Li Bing was an expert in water projects. He set up many water projects. Dujiangyan is the most famous. It made water helpful to the people. Once, an official fell unconscious (昏迷的). Everyone thought he was dead except Bian Que. Bian Que felt his weak pulse and said, “He will wake up in three days.” Two days later, the official woke up. Everyone was amazed. When Bo Ya played, even the horses looked up, listened to his music and stopped eating. Bo Ya’s friend, Zhong Ziqi, understood his music. They liked each other. After Ziqi died, Bo Ya broke his guqin and never played it any more. 1．Why did Shang Yang make a promise before the reform? A．To give people a reward. B．To sell the log at the market. C．To fix the gate of the building. D．To make people believe him. 2．What can we know from the passage? A．Lu Ban was an ancient inventor. B．Zhong Ziqi was good at playing the guqin. C．Li Bing did well in building houses. D．Bian Que once brought a dead person back to life. 3．What’s the main theme (主题) of the text? A．Famous people. B．Chinese medicine. C．Traditional music. D．Important inventions. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了春秋战国时期的五位著名历史人物商鞅、鲁班、李冰、扁鹊、伯牙的经典事迹，展现该时期文化与人才繁荣发展的景象。 1．根据表格第一栏中的“No one believed him until someone moved the log, and Shang Yang really gave him a reward.”可知，商鞅在变法前立木取信，兑现承诺是为了消除民众的疑虑，让人们相信他。 2．根据表格第二栏中的“Lu Ban made it for his son. His son studied all night before opening it. He also invented many tools.”可知，鲁班是古代的发明家。 3．根据文章开头的“Here are some great characters of that time.”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了商鞅、鲁班、李冰、扁鹊、伯牙等春秋战国时期的著名人物。 ① The story of Mahatma Gandhi is one of the most powerful examples of peaceful resistance in history. Born in 1869 in India, Gandhi was a lawyer who became a leader in the Indian independence movement. He was deeply influenced by the idea of non-violence, which he called Satyagraha—“the force of truth.” ② Gandhi believed that true change could only come through peaceful means. He led numerous protests, boycotts, and marches, including the famous Salt March in 1930. He inspired millions to join the movement, not by force, but by the power of his conviction. ③ Despite being imprisoned many times, Gandhi never wavered in his commitment. He lived a life of simplicity and encouraged others to do the same. He ate only vegetarian food, wore homespun cloth, and refused to accept material wealth. ④ Gandhi’s philosophy influenced leaders around the world, including Martin Luther King Jr. in the United States and Nelson Mandela in South Africa. His legacy is a reminder that change is possible through compassion and determination. ⑤ Gandhi was assassinated in 1948, but his ideas continue to inspire movements for justice and peace. He once said, “Be the change that you wish to see in the world.” 1．What was Gandhi’s philosophy called? A．Ahimsa. B．Satyagraha. C．Non-cooperation. D．Civil disobedience. 2．What did Gandhi believe about change? A．It could only come through violence. B．It could come through peaceful means. C．It was impossible. D．It required wealth. 3．Who was influenced by Gandhi? A．Martin Luther King Jr. B．Nelson Mandela. C．Both A and B． D．Neither A nor B． 4．What is the best structure of the text? A．①—②③④—⑤ B．①②—③④—⑤ C．①—②—③④—⑤ D．①②③④—⑤ 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了圣雄甘地的生平、非暴力哲学理念、生活方式及其对世界领导人的深远影响。 1．文章第一段提到“He was deeply influenced by the idea of non-violence, which he called Satyagraha—‘the force of truth.’ ”，甘地将他的非暴力哲学理念称为“Satyagraha”。 2．第二段提到“Gandhi believed that true change could only come through peaceful means.”，甘地相信真正的改变只能通过和平手段来实现。 3．第四段提到“Gandhi’s philosophy influenced leaders around the world, including Martin Luther King Jr. in the United States and Nelson Mandela in South Africa.”，马丁·路德·金和纳尔逊·曼德拉都受到了甘地的影响。 4．第一段引出甘地及其核心理念（总起）；第二、三、四段分别从行动方式、生活作风、国际影响三个方面具体阐述（分述）；第五段总结其去世及精神的延续（总结）。因此文章结构为①—②③④—⑤。 Sima Qian is a truly inspiring historical figure in ancient China. He lived in the Western Han Dynasty. He loved history and decided to write a complete history book of China when he was young. Unluckily, he met terrible trouble in his life. He suffered great pain, but he didn’t give up his writing dream. Day after day, he collected historical materials, interviewed old people and recorded thousands of historical stories. After more than ten years’ hard work, he finished Records of the Grand Historian. It is not only the first biographical history book in China, but also a wonderful literary work. Nowadays, his persistence still encourages us. When we face failures in study or life, we should remember Sima Qian: stick to your goal and never stop trying. 根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 1．What did Sima Qian decide to write when he was young? A．A science book. B．A history book. C．A geography book. D．A storybook. 2．What difficulty did Sima Qian meet during his writing? A．He had no books to read. B．He suffered great pain. C．He had no time to write. D．No one helped him collect materials. 3．How long did it take him to finish his great work? A．Less than five years. B．About eight years. C．Over ten years. D．More than twenty years. 4．What spirit can we learn from Sima Qian? A．Being careful with money. B．Being polite to others. C．Persistence and never giving up. D．Being good at talking with people. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了西汉史学家司马迁历经磨难仍坚持不懈，最终写成中国第一部纪传体通史《史记》的感人故事，并号召我们学习他永不放弃的精神。 1．根据第一段最后一句“He loved history and decided to write a complete history book of China when he was young.”（他热爱历史，年轻时决定写一本完整的中国历史书）可知，他决定写的是一本历史书。 2．根据第二段第二句“He suffered great pain, but he didn’t give up his writing dream.”（他遭受了巨大的痛苦，但没有放弃写作梦想）可知，他在写作过程中遇到的困难是遭受了巨大的痛苦。 3．根据第二段倒数第二句“After more than ten years’ hard work, he finished Records of the Grand Historian.”（经过十多年的努力，他完成了《史记》）可知，完成这部巨著花费了超过十年的时间。 4．根据最后一段“his persistence still encourages us... stick to your goal and never stop trying.”（他的坚持仍然鼓励着我们……坚持你的目标，永不停止尝试）可知，我们从司马迁身上学到的精神是坚持不懈和永不放弃。 Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911. He is known as “the father of China’s space program” and “the king of the rocket”. When he was 24 years old, Qian went to America for further study. After graduation, he worked there for a few years. In the early 1950s, he decided not to stay in America any longer. He succeeded in coming back to his motherland in 1955. In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested setting up a special organization. This organization later became the leading one for China’s rocket and air travel program. In June 1964, China created its first medium rocket. Qian also played an important part in developing China’s first man-made satellite (卫星) . On April 24, 1970, China’s first man-made satellite, “Dongfanghong-I” was successfully sent into the air. In 1964, a young man wrote a letter to Qian Xuesen and pointed out a mistake in his article. Qian immediately answered the letter and stimulated him to write an article about the mistake. Zhu Yilin was said to be Qian Xuesen’s last student. He once said, “I learned a lot of professional knowledge as well as the spirit and attitude (态度) that a scientist should have from Mr. Qian.” 1．When did Qian Xuesen return to China from America? A．In 1911. B．In 1935. C．In 1955. D．In 1956. 2．What happened on April 24, 1970? A．China launched its first man-made satellite. B．China created its first rocket. C．Qian suggested setting up a space organization. D．Qian received a special letter. 3．How old was Qian Xuesen when a young man wrote a letter to him? A．45 years old. B．48 years old. C．50 years old. D．53 years old. 4．What does the underlined word “stimulated” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Created. B．Sold. C．Trusted. D．Encouraged. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．The Early Life of Qian Xuesen B．China’s Journey to Space C．The Great Scientist Qian Xuesen D．China’s Space Dreams 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了伟大科学家钱学森的生平经历、回国后的科研贡献以及谦逊待人的可贵品质。 1．根据文章第二段最后一句“He succeeded in coming back to his motherland in 1955.”可知，钱学森于1955年成功回到祖国。 2．根据文章第三段最后一句“On April 24, 1970, China’s first man-made satellite, ‘Dongfanghong-I’was successfully sent into the air.”可知，1970年4月24日中国发射了第一颗人造卫星。 3．根据文章第一段第一句“Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911.”可知他出生于1911年；根据第四段第一句“In 1964, a young man wrote a letter to Qian Xuesen...”可知写信年份为1964年。计算可知1964-1911=53岁。 4．根据第四段语境，钱学森收到指出错误的信后立即回信，并让他写文章关于这个错误，这是一种虚心接受并鼓励对方学术探索的行为。因此“stimulated”在此处意为“鼓励”，与Encouraged同义。 5．全文主要介绍了钱学森的生平、归国经历、在航天领域的贡献以及他的科学态度，核心人物是钱学森。选项C“伟大的科学家钱学森”最能概括全文主旨。 能力综合实践4篇 In February 1950, Hua Luogeng, as a Chinese mathematician (数学家), wrote an open letter to all Chinese students studying in the US when he was on his way back to China. The letter touched many people. It also showed the strong love for the country of many overseas Chinese scientists who wanted to go back to their motherland badly. The documentary (纪录片) Return tells the stories of many such scientists who decided to return to China in the 1950s. “It not only talks about their historical background but also shows their feelings and deep love for the country,” said Li Zheng, the director of the documentary. Return shares many little-known stories of these scientists. For Hua Luogeng, many people don’t know how important his work was for the early development of computer science in China. In March 1950, Hua left his job at Princeton University’s Institute for Advanced Study and went back to China. At that time, few people knew about computers, but Hua already saw their great use for scientific progress. The next year, he became the director of the Institute of Mathematics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) and set up China’s first computer research group. Li said Hua’s story moved him a lot. “Hua was not just a mathematician. He had great ideas and was very brave, especially for his time.” When talking about the influence of Return on young people, Li said, “I hope teenagers can learn more about history from this documentary and be encouraged by the spirit of these scientists. Today’s young people live in a happy and rich society, but we must never forget the contributions of those who came before us.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What did Hua’s open letter mainly show? A．His strong love for his motherland. B．His teaching methods in math. C．His travel experiences around the world. D．His achievements in mathematics. 2．When did Hua leave Princeton University? A．In February 1950 B．In March 1950 C．In January 1951 D．In March 1949 3．What does the documentary Return mainly talk about? A．Hua Luogeng’s study experience in the US. B．Scientists who returned to China in the 1950s. C．The development of computers in China. D．Young people’s love for their country. 4．What can we learn from Hua Luogeng’s story? A．He was only good at math. B．He didn’t like working in the US. C．He knew everything about computers. D．He was far-sighted and had a strong will. 5．Why did Li Zheng make the documentary Return? A．To ask young people to work in the US. B．To show Hua Luogeng’s great achievements in math. C．To help teenagers learn history and be inspired by scientists. D．To tell people about the history of computer development. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了数学家华罗庚放弃美国的工作，毅然回国，投身祖国科学事业的故事，以及纪录片《回归》展现的20世纪50年代归国科学家们的家国情怀，并探讨了该纪录片对青少年的教育意义。 1．原文第一段指出，华罗庚的公开信“showed the strong love for the country of many overseas Chinese scientists”，直接说明了这封信表达了海外中国科学家对祖国的深切热爱。 2．原文第三段提到“In March 1950, Hua left his job at Princeton University’s Institute for Advanced Study and went back to China. ”，明确给出了华罗庚离开普林斯顿大学的时间。 3．原文第二段提到“The documentary (纪录片) Return tells the stories of many such scientists who decided to return to China in the 1950s.”，核心内容是讲述上世纪50年代归国科学家们的故事。 4．根据第三段内容，“At that time, few people knew about computers, but Hua already saw their great use for scientific progress.”和“ He had great ideas and was very brave, especially for his time.”，可知他不仅有远见，而且意志坚定，不畏艰难。 5．原文最后一段提到“I hope teenagers can learn more about history from this documentary and be encouraged by the spirit of these scientists.”，点明了制作纪录片的目的。 Jane Goodall—Friend of Wild Chimpanzees Jane Goodall is a world-famous wildlife protection scientist from Britain. When she was a little girl, she fell in deep love with wild animals. At 26, she travelled to Gombe National Park in Tanzania to study wild chimpanzees. At that time, almost all animal experts believed only human beings could make and use tools. After years of quiet observation, Jane recorded clear proof: wild chimps could pick tree branches, tear leaves off and use sticks to catch termites. Her discovery shocked global biology circles and changed people’s understanding of animal intelligence. Jane lived in simple small tents in the forest for over thirty years. She faced heavy rain, dangerous wild beasts and lonely days. Many times she wanted to return to cities, but her love for chimps kept her staying. She named every chimp group and built close trust with these wild creatures. Now Jane travels around every continent to give speeches. She calls on young people to protect wild animals and stop destroying natural forests. She sets up youth environmental groups in many countries. Her lifelong work tells us that small steady efforts can save our planet’s wild lives. 1．Where did Jane study wild chimpanzees? A．In Britain. B．In Tanzania’s Gombe Park. C．In the Gobi Desert. D．In southern China. 2．What great discovery did Jane make about chimps? A．Chimps sleep in tall trees every night. B．Chimps can make and use simple tools. C．Chimps live alone without groups. D．Chimps mainly eat grass and leaves. 3．How long did Jane live and carry out field research in the forest? A．More than 30 years. B．Less than 5 years. C．About 10 years. D．Only two years. 4．What does Jane do to protect wild animals now? A．Build large zoos in big cities. B．Give speeches and organize youth environmental teams. C．Catch chimps and send them to research labs. D．Write storybooks only for little kids. 5．What is the writer’s attitude towards Jane Goodall? A．Doubtful. B．Uninterested. C．Admiring. D．Critical. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了著名的野生动物保护科学家简·古道尔的生平事迹，包括她在坦桑尼亚研究黑猩猩的经历、重大发现、野外研究的艰辛以及她晚年为保护野生动物所做的努力。 1．文章第一段第三句提到“At 26, she travelled to Gombe National Park in Tanzania to study wild chimpanzees.”，可知简·古道尔是在坦桑尼亚的贡贝公园研究野生黑猩猩的。 2．文章第二段提及“At that time, almost all animal experts believed only human beings could make and use tools. After years of quiet observation, Jane recorded clear proof: wild chimps could pick tree branches, tear leaves off and use sticks to catch termites.”，可知简关于黑猩猩的伟大发现是它们能够制造和使用简单的工具。 3．根据文章第三段第一句“Jane lived in simple small tents in the forest for over thirty years.”可知，她在森林中生活并进行实地研究的时间超过了30年。 4．根据文章第四段“Now Jane travels around every continent to give speeches...She sets up youth environmental groups in many countries.”可知，她现在通过演讲和组织青年环保团队来保护野生动物。 5．通读全文，作者使用了“world-famous”、“love for chimps kept her staying”以及“save our planet’s wild lives”等积极正面的词汇来描述简·古道尔及其工作，字里行间流露出对她的敬佩之情。 Lei Diansheng is a famous Chinese explorer and environmental protector. Born in 1963 in a small village near Harbin, he is called “the modern Xu Xiake” for his great journey. Before starting his trip, he spent 10 years preparing—he did daily long runs to build up his strength and read many books on wild survival to learn how to deal with dangers. From 1998 to 2008, Lei spent 10 years walking across China. He walked about 81,000 kilometers almost twice around the equator (赤道)! During the trip, he wore out 52 pairs of shoes and lost 19 toenails. Once, he even had to eat snake meat to stay alive in the Shennongjia Forest. He faced many dangers, like mudslides and wolf attacks, but he never gave up. In 2008, he made history by walking alone through the Lop Nur Desert (罗布泊) a dry, dangerous place. He walked 1,100 kilometers in 31 days and became the first person to do that alone. Lei didn’t just walk for fun. He visited all 56 ethnic groups (民族) in China, took 40,000 photos and wrote 3.2 million words in his notes. These notes became a “living record” of Chinese culture and nature. He also helped others during his trip—he gave money to poor students and joined in flood rescue work in Hunan Province. Now, Lei still works for nature and education. He leads teams to study the environment, like protecting the source of the Yangtze River. Last year, he took a group of scientists to collect water samples there. He also works with traditional artists to turn his travel notes into art, so more people can learn about environmental protection. For students, he organizes hiking camps in Heilongjiang’s forests, where kids learn to identify wild plants and understand local ethnic cultures. Lei’s story tells us: True adventure is not just about walking far. It’s about loving our land and protecting it. 1．What can we know about Lei Diansheng’s 10-year journey? A．He walked around the equator twice. B．He wore 52 pairs of new shoes. C．He faced many dangers but kept going. D．He finished his trip in 2008 and became famous immediately. 2．What does the underlined phrase “wore out” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．丢失 B．磨破 C．赠送 D．试穿 3．What did Lei Diansheng do during his 10-year trip? ①Took many photos.    ②Wrote long notes. ③Helped poor students.    ④Built schools for kids. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 4．What can we infer (推断) from Lei’s current (当前的) work? A．He stops walking activities and stays at home. B．He only focuses on protecting the source of the Yangtze River C．He wants to call on more people to protect nature. D．He forgets his travel experience in the past. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How Lei finished walking through Lop Nur Desert. B．A 10-year trip that changed Lei Diansheng’s life C．Different ways to protect our natural environment D．Lei Diansheng: A great explorer and environmental protector 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中国著名探险家、环保工作者雷殿生的事迹。他历经十年徒步走遍中国，途中历经重重危险却从未放弃；旅途之中他记录民族与自然资料，帮助他人；如今依旧投身自然与教育相关工作，呼吁大家热爱并保护我们的土地。 1．根据文章第三段中“He faced many dangers, like mudslides and wolf attacks, but he never gave up.”可知，他在旅途中面临许多危险但坚持前行。 2．根据画线短语所在的句子“He walked about 81,000 kilometers... wore out 52 pairs of shoes”可知，他在长途跋涉中穿坏了52双鞋。结合语境，“wore out”意为“磨破、穿坏”。 3．根据文章第四段中“took 40,000 photos and wrote 3.2 million words in his notes... gave money to poor students”可知，他在旅途中拍了很多照片（①）、写了长篇笔记（②）并资助了贫困学生（③）。 4．根据文章第五段中“He also works with traditional artists to turn his travel notes into art, so more people can learn about environmental protection.”可知，他现在的工作是为了让更多人了解并参与环保，即号召更多人保护自然。 5．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了雷殿生作为探险家的徒步经历以及他作为环保人士所做的贡献和工作。D 项“Lei Diansheng: A great explorer and environmental protector（雷殿生：一位伟大的探险家和环保守护者）”最能概括全文主旨。 Zhao Yang, general of Chu, defeated the state of Wei. After the big winning, all the soldiers cheered for their general and believed that they would be unbeatable. He planned to lead his army to attack Qi. Afraid of Zhao Yang’s powerful army, the King of Qi asked his prime minister Chen Zhen for help. Chen Zhen agreed to stop Zhao Yang. Chen Zhen rode fast to Zhao Yang’s camp. “Congratulations, General!” Chen Zhen said. “You have just beaten Wei and won eight cities. You must be the hero of Chu now.” Zhao Yang laughed and invited Chen Zhen in to have a secret conversation. Later Chen Zhen asked, “What is the highest reward (回报) for a great general in Chu?” Zhao Yang answered without thinking, “The highest position is prime minister.” Chen Zhen asked again, “Is there any position higher than prime minister in Chu?” Zhao Yang shook his head, “No. Only the king is higher.” Then Chen Zhen told him a story. After that, Chen Zhen told Zhao Yang, “You are already a prime minister, the highest position for a minister. If you win in the attack against Qi, you get nothing new. If you lose, you will lose everything.” Zhao Yang thought it was true and decided to stop. — Adapted from Strategies of the Warring States (Zhanguo Ce) 1．What was Zhao Yang’s army like? A．Confident. B．Worried. C．Helpful. D．Scared. 2．What was Chen Zhen good at? A．The ability of management. B．The art of language. C．The skill of drawing. D．The culture of drinking. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Zhao Yang would be the king of Chu. B．The King of Qi didn’t trust Chen Zhen. C．Zhao Yang agreed with Chen Zhen. D．Chen Zhen didn’t care about fame. 4．What story did Chen Zhen tell Zhao Yang? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文改编自《战国策》，讲述了楚国将军昭阳击败魏国后计划攻打齐国，齐国派丞相陈轸前去游说，陈轸点出昭阳已经身居人臣最高位，攻齐取胜也无法得到更高的封赏，战败则会失去现有一切，最终成功说服昭阳放弃进攻的故事。 1．原文“After the big winning, all the soldiers cheered for their general and believed that they would be unbeatable.”体现了士兵们的自信。 2．整个第二段旨在讲陈轸通过对话和讲故事，成功说服了赵阳放弃攻打齐国。整个过程没有武力，只用语言就达成了目的，这体现了他高超的语言艺术/游说技巧。 3．原文“Zhao Yang thought it was true and decided to stop.”说明赵阳同意了陈轸的观点。 4．原文“You are already a prime minister, the highest position for a minister. If you win in the attack against Qi, you get nothing new. If you lose, you will lose everything.”指出赵阳已经做到了臣子的最高职位，再去攻打齐国，就算赢了，也没法再升官；但如果输了，现有的一切都会失去——这就是“多此一举，反而坏事”，和“画蛇添足”的寓意完全吻合。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $