Unit1语法(名词后缀)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册

该初中英语导学案以“构词法：名词后缀 -er/-or/-ian/-ist”为核心，围绕“表示职业、身份、爱好者”的名词构词目标，通过核心知识点分类讲解、易混对比汇总表格、记忆口诀梳理，结合填空、选择、汉译英递进练习，构建“讲解-对比-记忆-应用”的完整学习路径。 亮点在于“情境化职业构词”任务设计，如用所给动词或名词转换职业名词填空、汉译英“我的梦想是成为一名科学家”等实例，培养语言能力和思维品质。记忆口诀强化学习策略，分层练习巩固知识应用，为教师单元复习提供系统教学支持，助力学生高效掌握构词规律。

Unit1 My Dream Job语法讲解与练习 构词法：名词后缀 -er /-or/-ian /-ist 专项讲解 一、核心知识点 这类后缀加在动词/名词后，构成表示职业、身份、爱好者的名词。 1.-er 最常用，大多动词后加- er，表示执行动作的人；部分名词后也可加。 work → worker 工人 teach → teacher 教师 drive → driver 司机 farm → farmer 农民 sing → singer 歌手 write → writer 作家 report → reporter 记者 run → runner 跑步者 ⚠️ 变化提醒：以不发音e 结尾直接加- r： dance → dancer 重读闭音节双写尾字母：swim → swimmer；begin → beginner 2.-or 少数动词专用后缀，不能写成 - er。 act → actor 男演员 visit → visitor 参观者 invent → inventor 发明家 operate → operator 操作员 direct → director 导演 3.-ian 多用于学科、地区、艺术相关，表示 “…… 专家；…… 人” music → musician 音乐家 history → historian 历史学家 Canada → Canadian 加拿大人 Australia → Australian 澳大利亚人 4.-ist 表示 “…专家；…爱好者；…主义者”，常接学科名词后 science → scientist 科学家 art → artist 艺术家 piano → pianist 钢琴家 violin → violinist 小提琴家 二、易混对比汇总 词根 单词 后缀 中文 teach teacher -er 老师 act actor -or 演员 music musician -ian 音乐家 science scientist -ist 科学家 记忆口诀 动后一般加 -er，少数特殊记 -or； 音乐历史国人 -ian；学科艺术专家 -ist。 配套练习题 一、用所给单词适当形式填空 用 -er /-or/-ian /-ist 构成正确名词，注意拼写变化 1.My aunt wants to be a ________ (sing). 2.The ________ (work) are busy building a new hospital. 3.He hopes to become a great ________ (invent). 4.Beethoven was one of the greatest ________ (music). 5.Marie Curie was a famous ________ (science). 6.That ________ (drive) drives a school bus every day. 7.The ________ (visit) from America will arrive tomorrow. 8.My cousin is good at playing the piano. He wants to be a ________ (piano). 9.The ________ (farm) grows lots of vegetables on the farm. 10.The ________ (act) plays an important role in this movie. 11.Mo Yan is a famous ________ (write) in China. 12.As a ________ (art), she draws beautiful pictures. 13.This ________ (report) often writes news about teenagers. 14.The ________ (run) practices every morning for the sports meeting. 15.He wants to be a ________ (history) and study ancient history. 16.My brother is a good ________ (swim). He swims very fast. 17.The ________ (direct) of the film is very young. 18.That ________ (violin) will give a concert next week. 19.The ________ (begin) of the race feels nervous. 20.Many ________ (tour) come to visit the old city every year. 21.Her dream is to be an ________ (operate) in a big company. 22.He is a ________ (Canada). He speaks English and French. 23.The young ________ (dance) won first prize in the competition. 24.That ________ (science) is working on space research. 25.My uncle is an ________ (Australia) living in Shanghai. 二、单项选择 1.My sister likes painting and she wants to be an ______. A. artist B. actor C. scientist D. musician 2.Yuan Longping was a great ______. He studied rice. A. pianist B. scientist C. visitor D. runner 3.The ______ drives a taxi in our city. A. farmer B. driver C. writer D. operator 4.As a ______, he invents many new machines. A. inventor B. actor C. reporter D. tourist 5.Lang Lang is a famous ______. He plays the piano well. A. violinist B. pianist C. musician D. historian 6.My father is a ______. He teaches math in a middle school. A. worker B. teacher C. dancer D. singer 7.The ______ come to our school to watch the show. A. visitor B. visitors C. inventor D. inventors 8.She wants to be a ______ and write stories for kids. A. writer B. runner C. farmer D. swimmer 9.A ______ works on the farm and grows crops. A. worker B. driver C. farmer D. tourist 10.My cousin is good at playing the violin. He is a ______. A. pianist B. violinist C. artist D. scientist 11.The ______ makes new films for people to enjoy. A. director B. actor C. reporter D. swimmer 12.Many ______ enjoy travelling around the world. A. tourist B. tourists C. worker D. worker 13.He is a ______. He comes from Canada. A. Canadian B. Australia C. America D. Canada 14.The ______ sings many popular songs on TV. A. dancer B. singer C. writer D. scientist 15.As a ______, she studies different kinds of history. A. musician B. historian C. pianist D. violinist 三、汉译英 1.我的梦想是成为一名科学家。 _______________________________________________ 2.这位音乐家将要举办一场音乐会。 _______________________________________________ 3.他长大后想当一名记者。 _______________________________________________ 4.那位男演员出演了很多优秀电影。 _______________________________________________ 5.这位钢琴家每天练习四个小时。 _______________________________________________ 6.农场里的农民正在采摘水果。 _______________________________________________ 7.我的姐姐是一名作家，她喜欢写小说。 _______________________________________________ 8.每年许多游客参观这座博物馆。 _______________________________________________ 9.这位发明家发明了有用的机器人。 _______________________________________________ 10.那个澳大利亚人中文说得很好。 _______________________________________________ Keys 一、词形填空 1.singer 2.workers 3.inventor 4.musicians 5.scientist 6.driver 7.visitors 8.pianist 9.farmer 10.actor 11.writer 12.artist 13.reporter 14.runner 15.historian 16.swimmer 17.director 18.violinist 19.beginner 20.tourists 21.operator 22.Canadian 23.dancer 24.scientist 25.Australian 二、单项选择 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.B 三、汉译英参考译文 1.My dream is to be a scientist. 2.The musician will hold a concert. 3.He wants to be a reporter when he grows up. 4.The actor acts in many great movies. 5.The pianist practices for four hours every day. 6.The farmers on the farm are picking fruit. 7.My sister is a writer and she likes writing novels. 8.Lots of tourists visit the museum every year. 9.The inventor invented useful robots. 10.The Australian speaks Chinese very well. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $