Week10-【经纶学霸】2026-2027学年高一英语上4星学霸黑白题（通用版）

体裁：说明文 Monday阅读理解A )口语朗读 词数：315 难度：★★★★ Week 建议用时：8分钟 10 参考答案：P43 The pressure of a watching audience can have positive or negative effects on human performance,and it turns out the same is true of our closest relatives.Christen Lin and his colleagues tested a group of six chimps on three numerical tasks with different difficulties. In the first task,the numbers 1 to 5 appeared on a screen in different locations and the chimps simply had to touch the numbers in the correct order to get a food reward.In the second task,the chimps had to press non-adjacent numbers (like 1,3,11,15)from the smallest to the largest for a reward.Finally,in the hardest test,when the first number was pressed,the rest of the numbers went dark on the screen.This meant the chimps had to remember the location of the numbers to press them in the correct order. The chimps were tested on the tasks thousands of times over a six-year period with different audiences-from one to eight human observers.When the task was easy,the chimps performed worse when there were more people watching.But on the most difficult task,all six of the chimps did better as the size of the audience grew. "It was very surprising to find a great increase in performance as human observer numbers increased,because we might expect more humans being present to be more distracting,says Lin. "For the easiest task,the humans may be distracting to them,but for the most difficult task it is possible that the humans are a stressor that actually drives them to perform better." Miguel Llorente at the University of Girona,Spain,suggests further studies could be about how the audience effect is related to chimps'individual personalities."It would also be interesting to study these effects with chimp audiences to understand more fully how these interactions play out in a natural social context,he says. ● 1.What is a unique challenge to the chimps in the third task? A.Number ordering. B.Location memory. C.Audience pressure. D.Reward system. 2.In what situation did the chimps perform the best? A.During task 3 with 8 observers. B.During task 1 with 7 observers. C.During task 3 with 1 observer. D.During task 1 with 8 observers. 3.What can we learn from Lin's words about the humans in difficult tasks? A.They may reduce task pressure. B.They may serve as a driving force. C.They may break concentration. D.They may offer task guidance. 4.What does Llorente suggest studying about the audience effect? A.Its relation with human presence. B.Its influence on human personalities. C.Its relation with chimps'personalities. D.Its influence on chimps'memory. 高一上英语·0时文阅读073 )口语朗读体裁：说明文 词数：341 Tuesday阅读理解B Week 难度：★★★★★ 10 建议用时：9分钟 参考答案：P44 People living during the golden age of the Roman Empire experienced an average reduction of 2.5 to 3 points in IQ due to atmospheric lead(),according to a study published January 6 in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.The study doesn't prove,one way or the other,if or how the fall of Rome was linked to lead.However,it does demonstrate that environmental health and the effects of pollution on people have roots stretching back millennia(几千年). The research is not the first to find a notable peak of lead pollution and human lead exposure during Roman times.But the study is the first to quantify()the effects of that Roman-era pollution on blood lead levels and IQ losses.The authors estimate that children living during the 200-year Pax Romana would have had average blood lead levels of about 3.4 micrograms per deciliter,and that those levels would have translated to a 2.5-3-point drop in IQ levels. IQ is one of the best scientific shorthands available for tracking the population-level consequences of something like lead.Lead is known to be particularly harmful to infants and children.Even low and moderate()levels of lead exposure can lead to lifelong health outcomes. To understand the potential health impacts resulting from lead pollution,scientists applied ice core analysis to assess samples from three different Arctic sites.Ice cores serve as a frozen record of atmospheric conditions throughout history because particles()in the air were preserved inside in a time order.Using these measurements of lead deposited (in the Arctic,researchers managed to estimate how much lead must have been circulating()in the air over the Roman Empire."These measurements are very good,but once you make a leap from ice core to human blood,and then to intelligence quotient,that's going to have uncertainty,a chemist not involved in the study says. ⑨ ●● 1.What does the new research focus on? A.Lead's impact on lifespan. B.Link between lead and Rome's fall. C.Long-term IQ effects of lead pollution.D.The reasons for the fall of Rome. 2.How does the research differ from previous research? A.It measures Roman pollution's effects.B.It uses ice cores for lead analysis. C.It studies physical health impacts. D.It compares lead levels across eras. 3.What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A.IQ can't track lead's effect. B.There is no level of lead exposure considered safe. C.Adults are unaffected by lead. D.People exposed in lead will die quickly. 4.How did the scientists measure the impacts of lead on health? A.By analyzing ice core samples. B.By using computer pollution models. C.By comparing modern air data. D.By analyzing particles floating in the air. 074英语·时文阅读高一上 体裁：议论文 Vednesday阅读理解C )口语朗读 词数：356 难度：★★★★ Week 建议用时：8分钟 10 参考答案：P44 Once,when I was teaching in Korea,some students came to class tired because they had stayed up all night studying for their biology exam."Honestly,I'd have preferred it if you had slept all day long doing nothing at all,"I told them."Because you guys don't know the first thing about biology-all animals need some form of sleep or rest." For thousands of years,traditional education has focused on cramming()students'heads with facts and numbers in the hopes that they will one day be able to apply at least some of these theories and principles in real life. Now,the focus of modern education has greatly changed.There is a growing tendency toward the philosophy of learning by doing.For this reason,the idea of the "gap year"has gained widespread popularity among students in Western countries.After graduating from high school or university,these young people take a year off to take part in a variety of activities,such as volunteer work,to gain practical experience and to expand their world views before restarting their studies. I couldn't agree more with this idea.While most students in China can't afford the luxury of taking a break from studies and observing the world,you can still take a "gap day"once a week to consciously relax and clear your mind.You can hang out with friends,go to a zoo or a natural history museum and ask"Why are the green frogs green and the blue frogs blue,and which ones are poisonous?"You can also take a ride on a bullet train and look out at the passing landscape. When another train suddenly thunders past you in the opposite direction,you may wonder"Why is it going so fast?"If you can answer all of these "stupid"questions,you will have understood the general fundamentals of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution and Albert Einstein's theory of relativity.The nature of the world is not unlike a train.With all of the abstract theories and principles we have learned in school,it is also a train we wouldn't want to miss. ● ● ● ● ● 1.Why does the author mention his experience in Paragraph 1? A.To state an opinion. B.To explain a fact. C.To show a conclusion. D.To introduce the topic. 2.What is the focus of modern education? A.The variety of activities. B.The amount of knowledge. C.The idea of practical learning. D.The repetition of learned knowledge. 3.What's the role of gap year in students'lives? A.To help open their horizons. B.To help become a professional volunteer. C.To help understand history. D.To help continue academic work. 4.What does it mean to truly understand Charles Darwin's and Albert Einstein's theories? A.Being able to apply the theories in life.B.Being able to answer the silly questions. C.Being able to ask questions in daily life.D.Being able to recite the theories. 高一上英语·0时文阅读075 )口语明读体裁：说明文 词数：258 Thursday阅读七选五 Week 难度：★★★★ 10 建议用时：8分钟 参考答案：P45 Future astronauts could potentially rely on food made from bacteria()that feed on minor planets,to produce a kind of yogurt.While astronauts on the International Space Station have experimented with growing salad leaves,the vast majority of food consumed in space is transported from Earth.1 That's why Joshua Pearce at Western University in Ontario,Canada,decided to try using bacteria to change carbon-containing material from minor planets into eatable food. This process has not been carried out yet on real minor planets.But Pearce's team has performed similar experiments using bacteria to break down plastic from leftover in army food supply bags.2 The collective bacteria end up looking something like a brown milkshake and the team has also experimented with drying out this material to produce something like yogurt or even a powder. 3 "We did nutritional research and it turned out to be almost a perfect food,"he says."It turned out that the bacteria mixture that we were using,more or less,has a third each for the three major nutrients people need." If the idea is sound,a 500-metre-wide minor planet similar to Bennu,which NASA visited in 2020,could feed between 600 and 17,000 astronauts for a year,says Pearce.4 A fully working minor planets food project would require an "industrial-sized smart machine" in space.This would take a long time to get everything in place.5 They plan to start off with coal and then moving to space rocks that have fallen to Earth. ● ● ●●●●● ● ● ● ●●●● A.It would be impossible for more distant,longer-lasting tasks. B.So the researchers hope to test the idea on a lower level in the coming year. C.Future astronauts could soon enjoy a nutritionally perfect diet made from bacteria. D.While that might not sound delicious,Pearce says the bacteria are well-suited for human needs. E.They heated the plastic without oxygen and then fed this to a mixture of bacteria that eat carbon. F.Although there is certainly hope,it is still a very futuristic idea that needs to be thought through. G.The exact number depends on how effectively the bacteria can break down the minor planet's carbon materials. 2. 3 076英语·时文阅读高一上 体裁：记叙文 )口语朗读外刊精读 Friday完形填空 词数：228 难度：★★★★ Week 建议用时：13分钟 10 参考答案：P46 Each month,Melanie Goldbergo volunteers at the local food bank.This past December,she had the 1 of visiting the Food Bank of the Rio Grande Valley in McAllen,where she's learned that poverty has a very different 2 in the media compared to real life.Hunger is not just a distant issue;it also 3 in the U.S.,where over 47 million people face food 4. During her visit,Melanie helped deliver meals to families that were often 5 to accept help out of concern for their privacy.Unlike her experiences at home,where food distribution was 6 the atmosphere in McAllen was messy and more personal.But this allowed her to feel 7 to the community.Below,Melanie shares her 8 on the experience. Meeting families that were living in small,9 homes,often with many children, revealed to me a level of perseverance that I had never 10 in America before.Still,the children remained joyful,and the parents were grateful for the help they received 11 the challenging circumstances.This unforgettable experience inspired me.There are people who have 12 to helping others in this way.13 there is still so much to be done to end hunger in this country. This trip 14 my commitment to being part of the solution for a hunger-free America and encouraged me to 15 for those in need. 1.A.option B.chance C.freedom D.purpose 2.A.expression B.definition C.image D.discovery 3.A.works B.survives C.progresses D.exists 4.A.insecurity B.quality C.addiction D.industry 5.A.cheerful B.ready C.hesitant D.patient 6.A.promised B.valued C.encouraged D.organized 7.A.exposed B.connected C.opposed D.related 8.A.recommendations B.influences C.reflections D.decisions 9.A.self-made B.newly-built C.well-equipped D.eco-friendly 10.A.remembered B.forgot C.predicted D.witnessed 11.A.in spite of B.due to C.in case of D.apart from 12.A.limited B.stuck C.admitted D.committed 13.A.Unavoidably B.Hopefully C.Unfortunately D.Seriously 14.A.challenged B.renewed C.opened D.shared 15.A.prepare B.stand C.vote D.apologize 高一上英语·学0时文阅读077 )口语朗读体裁：说明文 词数：226 Saturday语法填空 Week 难度：★★★★ 10 建议用时：9分钟 参考答案：P47 A special event took place in Fuzhou,China.The English-language version of the Chinese play The Peony Pavilion 1 (perform)for the first time in Asia.This play,written by Tang Xianzu over 400 years ago,was adapted by the University of Birmingham. This performance was part of 2 international drama festival.It helped to create a cultural conversation between East and West.Tang Xianzu and William Shakespeare,3 both lived in the 16th century,never met.However,their 4 (story)explore similar themes like love and fate.5 (celebrate)this connection,a special show was created.It presented scenes from The Peony Pavilion and Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet on one stage,6 (show)how art can connect different cultures. Translating the Chinese opera for English speakers was a complex task.It required more than just changing the words.The international cast,using a Shakespearean style of speaking,7 (combine)Eastern and Western performance traditions during the festival.This creative process shows that cultural exchange is about finding 8 (share)human feelings. The success of this project proves that what is 9 (deep)rooted in one culture can be understood in another.Fuzhou and Stratford-upon-Avon,the hometowns of Tang and Shakespeare,are now sister cities.Young actors from both countries are working together, learning 10 each other and keeping these classic works alive for new audience. ●●●●●●● ●● 2 5 10. 高考核心词积累adapt 冒词性转化 adapt v.适应；改编→ n.适应；改编→ adj.可适应的；可改编的 冒词块拓展 adapt to适应（新环境、新情况等） adapt from根据…改编 adapt oneself to使自己适应… adapt for为…而改编；为…而调整 078英语·时文阅读高一上 Saturday读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给的段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Teenagers seem to get stuck in a bad mood really easily.Sometimes the bad mood feels like quicksand,and the harder you try to climb out,the more stuck you get!That was true for me as a teenage boy.Luckily,I had a good friend,Ollie,who helped me find a way out of my fussy( )feelings-doing sports to shift attention away from negative emotions. One Saturday afternoon when I was 15,I was reading a book and had just come to the most thrilling part of the mystery when my little brother and sister rushed into my room. “We made paper airplanes！"Indi shouted..“Aren't they cool?”asked Tex,sending his plane directly into my head. "Excuse me.I would appreciate a little peace and quiet so I can read,"I said. “Ooh！I want to read!”said Tex. Indi climbed onto my bed."Can you read your book out loud?" “Idon't want to read out loud,”I huffed(生气地说). “Are you in a bad mood?”Tex asked anxiously. Without saying a word,I got up,dragged myself down the hall,and flopped into the living-room chair. “What'sup,little man?”asked my dad. "Please leave me alone.I'm in a terrible mood!"I yelled. Hearing the noise outside,Mum came out from the kitchen,"Honey,we are just worried about you." I knew they were trying to help,but every time they showed care,I felt even worse!Seized by embarrassment and bad moods,I slammed the door and rushed out. Standing under the tree where I often met Ollie,I felt like crying.Just then,Ollie stopped by and held a brand-new football in his hands.Immediately,Ollie sensed my distress. “Hey,what'sup,buddy?”he asked.. I hesitated for a moment,torn between the desire to be alone and the urge to pour out my heart. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已给出。 Seeing the concern in Ollie's eyes,I decided to share my feelings. Sweating but in a good mood,I was ready to go home. 高一上英语·学时文阅读079 Sunday周末词汇积累 >高频词块积累 n.递送 周一1. 发生；展开 adj.可交付的 周二2. 追溯到 8.distribution n.分布；分配 周五3. 出于担忧 0.分发 4. 向某人透露 adj,分配的 周六5， 心情不好 周六9.hesitate.犹豫；踌躇 6. 催促做；强烈要求做 n.犹豫 adj,犹豫的 >熟词生义< 周二1.lead常见义：v.领导，导致 >词汇贴士《 文中生义：n, non-adjacent意为“不相邻的；不邻近的”，由 周四2.sound常见义：n.声音v.听起来 adjacent添加前缀non-构成，前缀non-放在形 文中生义：adj 容词、名词前，表示“非、不、无”。例： non-stop不停的；直达的 >词性拓展< non-smoking禁烟的 周一1.effect n.影响；效果v.实现 non-verbal非语言的 adj.有效的 non-fiction非虚构类（文学） adu.有效地 non-profit非营利的 周二2.exposure n.暴露；曝光 non-native非本地的；非母语的 v.暴露；揭露 serve as意为“担任”，serve相关的短语还有： adj.暴露的 serve for用于，供…之用 3.estimate u./n.估计；估价 serve on在…上任职/服务 n.估计 serve up上菜；向（某人）提供 adj.可估计的 serve out发完，用完（尤指一段时间或期限） 周三4.tendency n.倾向；趋势 serve to有助于，对…起作用 v.倾向 be grateful for意为“对…心存感激；感 5.poisonous adj.有毒的 谢…”，其他表示感激的短语包括： n./w.毒药；下毒 be thankful for对…感激；感谢 6.evolution n.进化；演变 be obliged for因…感激 o.进化 be appreciative of对…感激；赏识 adj,进化的 feel indebted to sb..for sth.因某事感激某人 周五7.deliver v.递送；发表 owe thanks to感谢 080英语·时文阅读高一上口语育积累 be crucial for对…至关重要 高级句型 高级表达 be suitable for适合 1.I'm confident that I can make this event a great success participate in参与 through my hosting work.(运用了that引导宾语从句) rich experience in在…方面经验丰富 2.Firstly,I've participated in many school cultural activities before,which has given me rich experience in be fluent in流利掌握（语言） interact with与…互动 hosting..(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) Sunday周末词汇积累 ◆高频词块积累 ☑词性拓展 1.attempt to 2.sweep over 1.removal;removable 2.generate;generative 3.ecology;ecologically 4.finance;financially 3.discourage...from doing sth. 5.cooperate;cooperative 6.agricultural;agriculturally 心熟词生义 7.expansion;expansive 8.predict;prediction 9.persist;persistent 10.essential;essentially (影子)跟读，模仿（口语练习） 11,availability;unavailable Week 10 Monday阅读理解A ☐语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过对黑猩猩的研 在第一项任务中，数字1至5会出现在屏幕的不 究发现观众的压力会对人的表现产生积极或消极的 同位置，黑猩猩只需按正确顺序触碰数字就能获得食 影响。 物奖励。在第二项任务中，黑猩猩需要按从小到大的 1-4 BABC 顺序按下不相邻的数字（如1、3、11、15）以获取奖励。 l.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This meant the 最后，在难度最高的测试中，当黑猩猩按下第一个数字 chimps had to remember the location..order.”可知，在第 后，屏幕上其余数字就会变暗。这意味着黑猩猩必须 三个任务中，黑猩猩面临的独特挑战是位置记忆。故选B。 记住数字的位置，才能按正确顺序按压它们。 2.A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But on the most 在六年时间里，研究人员让黑猩猩在不同观众数 difficult task,all six of the chimps did better as the size 量(1至8名人类观察者)的情况下反复进行了数千次 of the audience grew.”可推知，黑猩猩在最难的任务3中， 测试。当任务简单时，围观的人越多，黑猩猩的表现越 在有8名观察员的情况下表现最好。故选A。 差。但在难度最高的任务中，随着观众数量增加，六只 3.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“but for the 黑猩猩的表现全都变得更好。 most difficult task it is possible that the humans are a 林表示：“随着人类观察者数量增多，黑猩猩的表 stressor that actually drives them to perform better" 现大幅提升，这一发现非常令人意外，因为我们原本可 知，在困难任务中，人类可以充当一种推动力。故选B。 能认为，在场的人越多，千扰就越大。对于最简单的任 4.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Miguel Llorente… 务，人类可能会对它们造成干扰，但对于难度最高的任 suggests...how the audience effect is related to chimps' 务，人类带来的压力或许反而会激励它们表现得更 individual personalities.”可知，Llorente建议研究观众效 出色。” 应与黑猩猩个体性格的关系。故选C。 西班牙赫罗纳大学的米格尔·略伦特表示，后续 □参考译文 研究可以探讨观众效应与黑猩猩个体性格之间的关 观众注视带来的压力会对人类的表现产生积极或 联。他说：“用黑猩猩作为观众来研究这些效应，从而 消极的影响，而事实证明，这一点同样适用于我们的近 更全面地理解这些互动在自然社交环境中是如何发生 亲。克里斯汀·林及其同事对六只黑猩猩组成的群体 的，也会很有意义。” 进行了三项不同难度的数字任务测试。 高一上英语：学0时文阅读43 Tuesday阅读理解B 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于罗马帝 的铅污染，智商平均下降了2.5至3分。该研究并未 国时期铅污染对智商影响的研究。 证明罗马帝国的衰落是否与铅有关以及存在何种关 联。但它确实表明，环境健康问题以及污染对人类的 1-4 CABA 影响，其根源可以追溯到几千年前。 l.C细节理解题。第一段提到“The study 这项研究并非首次发现罗马时期铅污染与人体铅 demonstrate that environmental health and the effects of 暴露达到显著高峰。但它是首个量化了罗马时代污染 pollution”,这说明新研究的重点是铅污染对智商的长期影 对人体血铅水平及智商损失影响的研究。研究者估 响。故选C。 算，生活在200年罗马和平时期的儿童，平均血铅水平 2.A推理判断题。第二段提到“first to quantify the 约为每分升3.4微克，而这一水平会导致智商平均下 effects.”,这说明这项研究与之前的研究的不同之处在 降2.5到3分。 于它明确测量了罗马污染的影响。故选A。 智商是追踪铅这类物质对人群整体影响的最佳科 3.B推理判断题。第三段提到“Even low and moderate 学简易指标之一。众所周知，铅对婴幼儿和儿童危害 levels of lead exposure can lead to lifelong health 尤其严重。即使是低到中等水平的铅暴露也可能造成 outcomes.”,这说明没有铅暴露水平被认为是安全的。故 终身健康影响。 选B。 为了解铅污染可能带来的健康影响，科学家们通 4.A细节理解题。第四段提到“scientists applied ice 过冰芯分析，对北极三个不同地，点的样本进行了评估。 core analysis to assess samples from three different Arctic 冰芯相当于历史大气状况的“天然档案”，因为空气中 的颗粒物会按时间顺序保存在冰层内部。研究人员利 sites?”,这说明科学家通过分析冰芯样本来测量铅污染对 用这些北极铅沉积数据，估算出罗马帝国上空空气中 健康的影响。故选A。 循环的铅含量。一位未参与该研究的化学家表示：“这 口参考译文 些测量数据非常可靠，但一旦从冰芯数据推导到人体 1月6日发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的一项 血铅水平，再进一步推导到智商，就必然存在不确 研究显示，生活在罗马帝国黄金时代的人们，因大气中 定性。” Wednesday阅读理解C ☐语篇解读 可以帮助学生获得实践经验、拓宽视野。故选A。 本文是一篇议论文。文章通过作者在韩国的教学 4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“..You can also 经历，强调了休息对学习的重要性，并批评了传统教育 take a ride...and Albert Einstein's theory of relativity. 中填鸭式的教学方法。 The nature of the world is not unlike a train.With all of 1-4 DCAA the abstract theories and principles we have learned in 1.D推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段可推 school,it is also a train we wouldn't want to miss.”可推 断，作者分享了一个个人轶事，为讨论休息的重要性以及 断，真正理解这些理论是通过能够看到它们在日常生活中 不仅仅是填鸭式学习，而是理解和应用知识的重要性作铺 的相关性和应用来展示的，指的是这些复杂理论在现实世 垫，引入了对现代教育重点的讨论，即实践学习。故选D。 界中的实际应用。故选A。 2.C细节理解题。根据第三段的“Now,the focus of ☐参考译文 modern education.by doing.”和“After graduating from 曾经，我在韩国教书时，有些学生上课时疲惫不 high school or university ..before restarting their 堪，因为他们为了生物考试通宵复习。我对他们说： studies.”可知，现代教育正在向“从实践中学习”的理念转 “说实话，我宁愿你们一整天都睡觉、什么都不做。因 变，这种理念强调实践经验和知识的应用，而不是机械记 为你们连生物学最基本的道理都不懂—所有动物都 忆。故选C。 需要某种形式的睡眠或休息。” 3.A细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“to expand their 几千年来，传统教育一直致力于把各种事实和数 world views before restarting their studies'”可知，gap year 44英语·学时文阅读高一上 字填鸭式地塞进学生的脑子里，希望他们将来有一天 出一个“间隔日”，有意识地放松身心、清空思绪。你 能把这些理论和原理中的至少一部分运用到现实生 可以和朋友出去玩，去动物园或自然历史博物馆，问问 活中。 自己：“为什么绿蛙是绿色的、蓝蛙是蓝色的？哪些是 如今，现代教育的重心已发生巨大转变。“从实践 有毒的？”你也可以坐上高铁，看着窗外掠过的风景。 中学习”的教育理念正日渐成为趋势。正因如此，“间 当另一列火车从对面呼啸而过时，你或许会好奇：“它 隔年”的观念在西方国家的学生中广为流行。这些年 为什么开得这么快？”如果你能解答所有这些“傻傻 轻人在高中或大学毕业后，会休学一年，参与各类活 的”问题，你就已经理解了查尔斯·达尔文进化论和 动，比如志愿工作，以此获得实践经验、拓宽视野，然后 阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦相对论的基本原理。世界的本质 再重新开始学业。 就像一列火车。我们在学校学到的所有抽象理论和规 我非常赞同这个观，点。虽然大多数中国学生还无 律，也如同这列火车，是我们不愿错过的风景。 法奢侈地停下学业去观察世界，但你依然可以每周抽 Thursday阅读七选五 ☐语篇解读 此空格处应提出降低实验难度的方案。B选项“因此研究 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大研究 人员希望在未来一年先进行较低难度的测试。”引出后续 人员提出的一项太空食物新方案。 实验计划，符合语境。故选B。 1-5 AEDGB ☐参考译文 1.A上文提到宇航员在太空食用的绝大多数食物都是从 未来的宇航员或许可以依靠以小行星为食的细菌 地球运送的，下文说明研究人员决定利用细菌将小行星含 制造的食物，生产出一种类似酸奶的食物。虽然国际 碳物质转化为可食用的食物，因此空格处应指出从地球运 空间站的宇航员已经尝试种植沙拉叶，但在太空中消 粮的局限性以解释下文的原因。A项“对于更遥远、持续 耗的绝大多数食物都是从地球运送过来的。对于更遥 时间更长的任务而言，这是不可能实现的。”解释了研发太 远、持续时间更长的任务而言，这是不可能实现的。这 空自产食物的原因，符合语境。故选A。 就是加拿大安大略省西安大略大学的约书亚·皮尔斯 2.E上文提到Pearce团队已用细菌分解军粮剩余包装 决定尝试利用细菌，将小行星中的含碳物质转化为可 袋中的塑料做了类似实验，下文说明细菌最终产物的形 食用食物的原因。 态，因此空格处应介绍实验的具体操作步骤。E选项“他 这一过程尚未在真实的小行星上实施。但皮尔斯 们在无氧条件下加热塑料，然后将其喂食给一种以碳为食 的团队已经开展了类似实验，利用细菌分解军粮剩余 的混合细菌。”详细描述实验过程，承上启下，符合语境。 包装袋中的塑料。他们在无氧条件下加热塑料，然后 故选E。 将其喂食给一种以碳为食的混合细菌。这些细菌最终 3.D上文描述细菌产物外观类似棕色奶昔，可制成酸奶 看起来有点像一杯棕色奶昔，研究团队还尝试将这种 或粉末状物质，下文Pearce介绍该产物营养全面，因此空 物质烘干，制成类似酸奶甚至粉末状的东西。 虽然这听起来可能并不美味，但皮尔斯表示这种 格处应衔接外观与营养价值的内容。D选项“虽然这听起 细菌非常符合人体需求。“我们做了营养研究，结果发 来可能并不美味，但Pearce表示这种细菌非常符合人体需 现它几乎是一种完美的食物，”他说，“结果显示，我们 求。”进行过渡，引出下文对营养的说明，符合语境。故 使用的这种混合细菌，大致含有人体所需三大营养素 选D。 各三分之一。” 4.G上文提到一颗小行星可为数百至数万名宇航员提供 皮尔斯表示，如果这个想法可行，一颗类似贝努的 一年食物，空格处应解释人数差异的原因。G选项“具体 直径500米的小行星（美国国家航空航天局2020年曾 数量取决于细菌分解小行星含碳物质的效率。”说明影响 到访过该小行星)，可以为600至17000名宇航员提供 供养人数的因素，符合语境。故选G。 一年的食物。具体数量取决于细菌分解小行星含碳物 5.B上文提到完整的太空项目需要大型智能机器且耗时 质的效率。 良久，下文说明团队计划先用煤炭再用陨石开展实验，因 高一上英语·学0时文阅读45 一个完全投入使用的小行星食物项目需要太空中 的测试。他们计划先从煤炭开始实验，再转向坠落地 一台“工业级智能机器”。这需要很长时间才能筹备 球的太空岩石。 妥当。因此研究人员希望在未来一年先进行较低难度 Friday完形填空 ☐语篇解读 12.D 结合志愿者工作的性质以及后文“to helping 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了梅兰妮·戈德伯格在 others in this way”可知，是指“致力于”助人事业。故 当地食品银行做志愿者的经历，通过走访格兰德河谷 选D。 食品银行，她对贫困与饥饿有了更真实的认知，坚定了 l3.C根据后文“there is still so much to be done to end 为消除饥饿贡献力量的决心。 hunger in this country'”可知，尽管有人付出努力，但消除 1-5 BCDAC 6-10 DBCAD 11-15 ADCBB 饥饿仍任重道远，这是“不幸的”现实。故选C。 l.B根据后文“of visiting the Food Bank of the Rio l4.B根据后文“my commitment to being part of the Grande Valley in McAllen,where she's learned that..." solution for a hunger-free America'”可知，经历让她更加坚 可知，她有机会参观麦卡伦市的里约格兰德河谷食品银 定决心。故选B。 行。故选B。 15.B根据后文“for those in need”以及结合消除饥饿的 2.C根据“where she's learned that poverty has a very 目标，她需为弱势群体挺身而出。故选B。 different.Hunger is not just a distant issue”可知，空处 ☐参考译文 是指与真实的贫困状况存在差异的景象。故选C。 每个月，梅兰妮·戈德伯格都会在当地的食品银 3.D根据前文“Hunger is not just a distant issue'”可知， 行做志愿者。去年12月，她有机会参观了位于麦卡伦 前文否定饥饿是“遥远问题”，所以是存在的。故选D。 市的里约格兰德河谷食品银行。在那里她了解到，贫 4.A根据前文“Hunger is not just a distant issue'”可知， 困在媒体中的形象与现实生活大相径庭。饥饿不仅仅 超过4700万人面临粮食不安全问题。故选A。 是一个遥远的问题，它同样存在于美国境内—一有超 5.C根据后文“concerns for their privacy”可知，家庭因 过4700万人面临粮食不安全问题。 隐私顾虑会“犹豫”接受帮助。故选C。 在走访期间，梅兰妮帮忙为一些家庭送餐，这些家 6.D根据后文messy可知，此处形成对比，家乡的食品分 庭常常因为担心隐私问题而犹豫接受帮助。和她在家 发应是“有条理的”。故选D。 乡经历的那种井然有序的食物分发不同，麦卡伦的分 7.B根据前文“the atmosphere in McAllen was messy 发现场比较杂乱，却更有人情味。但这也让她感觉与 and more persona”可知，混乱却有人情味的氛围让她更贴 这个社区紧密相连。下面，梅兰妮分享了她对这次经 近社区居民。故选B。 历的感悟。 8.C结合后文她对经历的思考与收获可知，此处指分享 见到那些住在狭小的自建房屋里、往往有很多孩 “感悟”。故选C。 子的家庭，我看到了一种前所未见的坚韧，这是我之前 9.A根据前文“poverty”可知，房屋更可能是“自建的”。 在美国从未目睹过的。即便如此，孩子们依然充满快 故选A。 乐，父母们尽管身处困境，仍对得到的帮助心怀感激。 l0.D根据前文“revealed to me a level of perseverance” 这段难忘的经历深深鼓舞了我。有很多人一直致力于 可知，通过实地走访，她“目睹”了家庭的坚韧。故选D。 以这种方式帮助他人。遗憾的是，要在这个国家消除 ll,A in spite of尽管；due to由于；in case of万一；apart 饥饿，仍有大量工作要做。这次旅程重拾了我为实现 from除了。“challenging circumstances'”与“grateful for “无饥饿美国”贡献力量的决心并激励我为那些需要 the help”形成转折，“in spite of'”表让步，符合逻辑。故 帮助的人挺身而出。 选A。 46英语·0时文阅读高一上 Saturday语法填空 」语篇解读 式deeply。故填deeply。 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国戏剧 10.from考查介词。learn from为固定短语，意为 《牡丹亭》英文版在亚洲首演以及这一活动如何促进东 “向…学习”。故填from。 西方文化交流。 高考核心词积累 l.was performed考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据上文 adaptation;adaptable 的took place可知，句子应用一般过去时，主语The 参考译文 English-language version of the Chinese play The Peony Pavilion和perform之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的 中国福州举办了一场特别活动。中国戏剧《牡丹 被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was 亭》的英文版本首次在亚洲上演。这部由汤显祖在 performed。 400多年前创作的戏剧，由英国伯明翰大学改编。 2.an考查冠词。本空修饰名词festival,且表示泛指“ 这场演出是一个国际戏剧节的一部分。它助力搭 个国际戏刷节”，international的发音以元音音素开头，应 建起东西方之间的文化对话。汤显祖与咸廉·莎士比 用不定冠词an。故填an。 亚都生活在16世纪，二人从未谋面。然而，他们笔下 3.who考查定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先 的故事探讨了爱情与命运等相似主题。为了庆祝这种 行词Tang Xianzu and William Shakespeare,指人，关系词 联结，一场特别演出应运而生。该演出将《牡丹亭》与 在从句中作主语，用who引导。故填who。 莎士比亚《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的片段同台呈现，展现艺 4.stories考查名词复数。根据their可知，设空处需填名 术如何连接不同文化。 词复数形式stories,作主语。故填stories。. 将中国戏曲翻译成英文是一项复杂的工作，这远 5.To celebrate考查非谓语动词。本空用不定式to 不只是替换文字那么简单。在戏剧节期间，国际化的 celebrate作目的状语，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填 演员阵容采用莎士比亚式的台词风格，融合了东西方 To celebrate。 表演传统。这一创新过程表明，文化交流的核心在于 6.showing考查非谓语动词。本空作状语，show和逻辑 寻找共通的人类情感。 主语为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填showing。 该项目的成功证明，一种文化中深深根植的内涵 7.combined考查时态。根据上文的required可知，应用 也能被另一种文化所理解。汤显祖的故乡福州与莎士 一般过去时，谓语用过去式combined。故填combined。 比亚的故乡埃文河畔斯特拉特福现已结为友好城市。 8.shared考查形容词。本空修饰名词feelings,应用形容 两国的青年演员携手合作，相互学习，让这些经典作品 词形式shared,意为“共同的”，作定语。故填shared。 在新一代观众中焕发生机。 9.deeply考查副词。本空修饰形容词rooted,.用副词形 Saturday读后续写 ☐前景回顾 以及作者的感悟。 作者青少年时常陷入坏情绪，一次在看书时被弟 【One possible version】 妹打扰后心情极差，与家人争执后跑出家。好友奥利 Seeing the concern in Ollie's eyes,I decided to share 出现并察觉他的难过，让他在独处与倾诉间犹豫不决。 my feelings."Tex and Indi interrupted my reading.It 【思路点拔】 made me really annoyed,"I said."I understand how you 1.由第一段首句内容“看到奥利眼中的担忧，我决定分享 feel.Why not play a quick game of football?Fresh air and 我的感受。”可知，第一段可描写作者分享感受以及奥利给 a bit of exercise might do you good."With encouragement 出的建议。 from Ollie,I decided to give it a try.We grabbed the 2.由第二段首句内容“我满头大汗，但心情很好，准备回 football and headed to the playground.We kicked the ball 家。”可知，第二段可描写作者回家后家里的氛围有了改变 back and forth,laughing and shouting with every goal 高一上英语·学题时文阅读47 scored.The fresh breeze carried away my bad mood, ☐语言积累 replaced by a sense of refreshment.Time flew by and 词类激活 nightfall soon approached.We called it a day for our 行为类 football game and said goodbye to each other. l.决定：decide/resolve Sweating but in a good mood,I was ready to go 2.代替：replace/take place of home.Awaiting me were my parents'worried faces.Tex 3.应对：deal with/,cope with and Indi raced towards me excitedly upon seeing me 情绪类 return."Honey,is everything alright?"Mum asked 1.生气：annoyed/mad anxiously.“T'm sorry,”I began..“I just needed time to 2.欢乐：joy/happiness 高级表达 think,but running away wasn't the solution."The tense dosb.good对某人有好处 atmosphere was instantly melted away by kind care.As back and forth前前后后 we gathered around the dining table,conversation flowed be replaced by被…取代 naturally.Laughter and joy filled the room.It dawned on tense atmosphere紧张的气氛 me that it's normal to struggle with a bad mood,but 高级句型 there's always a way out.Luckily,with Ollie's help,I 1.We kicked the ball back and forth,laughing and have found a great way to deal with my negative shouting with every goal scored.(运用了现在分词作状语) feelings-doing sports. 2.As we gathered around the dining table,conversation flowed naturally.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句) Sunday周末词汇积累 多高频词块积累 词性拓展 1.play out 2.stretch back 3.out of concern 1.effective;effectively 2.expose;exposed 4.reveal to sb.5.in a bad mood 6.urge to 3.estimation;estimable 4.tend 5.poison 忍熟词生义 6.evolve;evolutionary 7.delivery;deliverable 1.铅2.合理的，可靠的，正确的 8.distribute;distributive 9.hesitation;hesitant Week 11 Monday阅读理解A ☐语篇解读 3.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“For this reason, 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中美科学家合作 scientists see the innovation not as an end point,but as a 研发的一种新型塑料回收方法。 temporary fix toward a cleaner future.”可知，科学家们并 不将这种创新视为最终目标，而将其视为迈向更清洁未来 1-4 BDCA 的临时解决方案。科学家把该方法看作垫脚石、过渡手 1.B细节理解题。根据第二段“the building blocks of 段。故选C。 fuel一in a single step”可知，文中提到传统回收需多步流 4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段“It transforms what 程，而新方法一步完成，核心优势是流程简单。故选B。 was once pollution into power and demonstrates that the 2.D细节理解题。根据第三段“the process transforms solutions to big problems often lie in rethinking waste not 95%of the plastic into usable hydrocarbons,leaving as garbage,but as potential.”可知，解决重大问题的方法 minimal remains and almost no harmful byproducts" 往往在于改变思维方式：垃圾并非废物，而是潜在资源。 知，新型催化剂有助于将塑料转化为基础化学物质。故 这项创新带给我们的启示是新的视角创造可能性。故 选D。 选A。 48英语·学霸时文阅读高一上