第7卷 动词语态：三种基础时态被动语态-2026年山东省春季高考《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦山东春考动词语态高频考点，分基础与提升层次系统训练，通过单选与短文填空结合热门话题，提升语言应用能力与应试思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础篇|20道单选|考查一般现在/过去/将来时等基础被动语态结构，含主谓一致、情态动词被动等综合运用|从核心结构（am/is/are+过去分词等）到特殊规则（就近原则、介词不可省略），构建被动语态应用体系| |提升篇|1道短文填空|结合乡村振兴等春考热门话题，在语篇中考查被动语态的语境化运用|从单句语法到语篇综合，实现知识从孤立记忆到情境应用的迁移，培养语言综合运用能力|

编写说明：本套试卷依据山东春考历年真题、中职英语课程标准命题，对标山东春考单选高频考点，聚焦动词语态（三种基础时态被动语态）核心板块，重点考查一般现在时被动语态（am/is/are+过去分词）、一般过去时被动语态（was/were+过去分词）、一般将来时被动语态（will be+过去分词）、过去将来时被动语态（would be+过去分词）、现在完成时被动语态（have/has been+过去分词）、过去进行时被动语态（was/were being+过去分词）、含有情态动词的被动语态（情态动词+be+过去分词）、被动语态与主谓一致（含neither...nor/not only...but also等就近原则）的综合运用、以及主动表被动/被动结构中介词不可省略等高频考点；试卷分基础篇（60分）+提升篇（40分），共20道单选、1道短文填空题，贴合春考出题风格，选材融合乡村振兴、现代农业、AI科技、传统文化、校园实习等山东春考热门话题。 本试卷是2026年山东省春季高考《英语45分钟训练卷》的第1卷，知识点包括词汇与语法（动词语态：一般现在时被动语态、一般过去时被动语态、一般将来时被动语态）。 2026年山东省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第7卷 动词语态：三种基础时态被动语态 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、基础篇（每题3分，共20题，满分60分） 1．The telephone ________ by Bell in 1876. A．were invented B．was invented C．is invented D．are invented 2．A lot of food was ________ yesterday. A．given us B．given to us C．giving us D．to give us 3．In the school gym, where the opening ceremony ________, some teachers and students were making preparations. A．is being held B．will be held C．has been held D．was to be held 4．All the preparations for the task ________, and we’re ready to start. A．completed B．complete C．had been completed D．have been completed 5．The old photos ________ when I was cleaning the room. A．found B．were found C．have found D．will be found 6．A new library ________ in our school next year. A．builds B．built C．will be built D．has been built 7．A talk on space ________ in the school hall next Monday. A．will give B．will be given C．gives D．is given 8．They said that more trees ________ on the hill the next spring. A．would plant B．would be planted C．will plant D．will be planted 9．The elderly in this community ________ very well; a special team ________ to provide daily services for them. A．are looked after; has been set up B．are looked; has set up C．look after; has been set up D．are looked after; has set up 10．Now Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world. A．speak B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken 11．All the exam papers ________ to the students by the teacher yesterday. A．are given out B．were given out C．gave out D．have been given out 12．Kids ________ to play computer games too much. A．should not allowing B．should not be allowed C．should allow D．are allowing 13．Neither the books nor the magazine ________ in the library. They ________ out since last week. A．is; have been borrowed B．are; have been borrowed C．is; were borrowed D．are; were borrowed 14．The house ________ when I arrived yesterday. A．was painting B．was painted C．was being painted D．is being painted 15．While the teacher ________ the lesson, a strange noise ________ from the next room. A．was giving; was heard B．gave; heard C．was giving; heard D．gave; was heard 16．The project ________ by the end of this year. A．completes B．will complete C．will be completed D．is completed 17．The rules ________ to all the students in the school meeting yesterday. A．explain B．explained C．were explained D．are explained 18．Not only the cats but also the dog ________ fed by my neighbor every day.​ A．is B．are C．was D．were​ 19．Many trees ________ in the park since last month. A．have planted B．have been planted C．planted D．were planted 20．Drink and food should ________ to bring into the reading room. A．not be allowing B．allow C．not be allowed D．be allowed 二、提升篇（每题4分，共10题，满分40分） 短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yantai is one of the important industrial ___21___ (base) of Shandong Province with more than 2,700 industrial enterprises. The main industrial products amount to over 2,000 ____22____ (variety) and more than 450 of them are ____23____ (sell) abroad. The Zhangyu wines and Polaris wooden-frame clocks are famous in China. Some new famous products such ____24____ automobiles, electronic mask, engineering machinery, series of freezers and computers, etc. have shaped ____25____ a certain scale as well. Some of ____26____ (they) have taken advantage positions in their own fields. For example, in the field of textile industry, Yantai Anlun Co. Ltd. is ____27____ (expect)  to reach the annual production capability of 4,500 tons this year, and it is the number one both in production capability ____28____ market occupation. In the field of automobile industry, Yantai plays a ____29____ (decide)  role, and its ____30____ (annually)  production capability of car engine reaches 300,000. 1 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷依据山东春考历年真题、中职英语课程标准命题，对标山东春考单选高频考点，聚焦动词语态（三种基础时态被动语态）核心板块，重点考查一般现在时被动语态（am/is/are+过去分词）、一般过去时被动语态（was/were+过去分词）、一般将来时被动语态（will be+过去分词）、过去将来时被动语态（would be+过去分词）、现在完成时被动语态（have/has been+过去分词）、过去进行时被动语态（was/were being+过去分词）、含有情态动词的被动语态（情态动词+be+过去分词）、被动语态与主谓一致（含neither...nor/not only...but also等就近原则）的综合运用、以及主动表被动/被动结构中介词不可省略等高频考点；试卷分基础篇（60分）+提升篇（40分），共20道单选、1道短文填空题，贴合春考出题风格，选材融合乡村振兴、现代农业、AI科技、传统文化、校园实习等山东春考热门话题。 本试卷是2026年山东省春季高考《英语45分钟训练卷》的第1卷，知识点包括词汇与语法（动词语态：一般现在时被动语态、一般过去时被动语态、一般将来时被动语态）。 2026年山东省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第7卷 动词语态：三种基础时态被动语态 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、基础篇（每题3分，共20题，满分60分） 1．The telephone ________ by Bell in 1876. A．were invented B．was invented C．is invented D．are invented 【答案】B 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：电话是贝尔于1876年发明的。根据“in 1876”可知，此句为一般过去时，且主语The telephone与动词invent之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，因此空格处应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：was/were+及物动词的过去分词，主语The telephone为单数，be动词用was。故选B。 2．A lot of food was ________ yesterday. A．given us B．given to us C．giving us D．to give us 【答案】B 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：昨天给了我们很多食物。“give”表示“给”，常用的结构是“give sb. sth.”，其被动语态形式有两种，分别是“sth. be given to sb.”和“sb. be given sth.”，此处主语是“A lot of food”，所以用sth. be given to sb.结构。故选B。 3．In the school gym, where the opening ceremony ________, some teachers and students were making preparations. A．is being held B．will be held C．has been held D．was to be held 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在将要举办开幕式的学校体育馆里，一些师生正在做准备工作。 主句谓语were making为过去进行时，，整个场景是过去，说明开幕式在当时属于将要举办的事件，ceremony与hold是被动关系，使用过去将来时被动语态，结构：was/were to be done，主语为单数名词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，用was to be held。 4．All the preparations for the task ________, and we’re ready to start. A．completed B．complete C．had been completed D．have been completed 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这项任务的全部准备工作都已完成，我们准备就绪可以开工了。 主语All the preparations和complete是被动关系，后半句we’re ready to start为一般现在时，准备工作完成发生在做好准备之前，对现在造成影响，要用现在完成时的被动语态have/has been+过去分词，主语是复数，用have been completed。 5．The old photos ________ when I was cleaning the room. A．found B．were found C．have found D．will be found 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当我打扫房间时，这些老照片被发现了。 根据“when I was cleaning the room”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；主语“The old photos”与谓语动词“find”之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语是复数，故用were found。 6．A new library ________ in our school next year. A．builds B．built C．will be built D．has been built 【答案】C 【解析】句意：明年我们学校将建一座新图书馆。 根据“next year”可知，句子描述的是将要发生的动作，应使用一般将来时；主语“A new library”与谓语动词“build”之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态“will be+过去分词”。 7．A talk on space ________ in the school hall next Monday. A．will give B．will be given C．gives D．is given 【答案】B 【解析】句意：下周一将在学校礼堂举行一场关于太空的讲座。 根据时间状语next Monday可知句子时态为一般将来时；主语A talk与谓语动词give之间是被动关系，需用will be + 过去分词的结构，用will be given。 8．They said that more trees ________ on the hill the next spring. A．would plant B．would be planted C．will plant D．will be planted 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查过去将来时的被动语态。题意为“他们说第二年春天山上会种更多的树”。said是一般过去时，宾语从句需用过去将来时，trees和plant是被动关系，结构为“would be + 过去分词”，故选B。 9．The elderly in this community ________ very well; a special team ________ to provide daily services for them. A．are looked after; has been set up B．are looked; has set up C．look after; has been set up D．are looked after; has set up 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这个社区的老年人被照顾得很好；一个特殊的团队已经被建立起来为他们提供日常服务。 第一空，look after是短语动词，在被动语态中介词after不能省略，主语“The elderly”与“look after”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，应用are looked after；第二空，team与set up之间为被动关系（团队被建立），且表示过去发生的动作对现在造成影响，应用现在完成时的被动语态has been set up。 10．Now Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world. A．speak B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken 【答案】C 【解析】句意：如今，世界上越来越多的人说汉语。 根据now可知，句子时态是一般现在时；空后by及主语“Chinese (中文)”说明汉语是“被人们说”，是一般现在时的被动语态，结构：be (am/ is/ are) +过去分词，is spoken符合要求。 11．All the exam papers ________ to the students by the teacher yesterday. A．are given out B．were given out C．gave out D．have been given out 【答案】B 【解析】句意：昨天老师把所有试卷分发给了学生。 时间状语yesterday表明动作发生在过去。主语All the exam papers是动作give out的承受者，应用被动语态。一般过去时被动语态的构成为“was/ were +过去分词”，主语是复数，因此用were given out。 12．Kids ________ to play computer games too much. A．should not allowing B．should not be allowed C．should allow D．are allowing 【答案】B 【解析】句意：孩子们不应该被允许玩太多电脑游戏。 主语Kids与动词allow之间是被动关系，含有情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词+ be +过去分词”，否定形式在情态动词后加not，故用should not be allowed。 13．Neither the books nor the magazine ________ in the library. They ________ out since last week. A．is; have been borrowed B．are; have been borrowed C．is; were borrowed D．are; were borrowed 【答案】A 【解析】考查主谓一致与现在完成时被动语态。句意：图书馆里既没有这些书也没有那本杂志，它们从上周起就被借出去了。第一空，neither ... nor ...谓语与就近主语magazine一致，空处应使用is；第二空，根据“since last week”提示和选项，用现在完成时被动语态，结构为：have/has been +过去分词。故选A。 14．The house ________ when I arrived yesterday. A．was painting B．was painted C．was being painted D．is being painted 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态与语态辨析。句意：我昨天到达时，这所房子正在被粉刷。房子是 “被粉刷”的对象，因此要用被动语态。时间状语“when I arrived yesterday”表示在过去某个具体时间点，另一个动作正在进行，所以要用过去进行时。综合起来，应使用过去进行时的被动语态was being painted。故选C。 15．While the teacher ________ the lesson, a strange noise ________ from the next room. A．was giving; was heard B．gave; heard C．was giving; heard D．gave; was heard 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：当老师正在讲课时，从隔壁房间传来了一个奇怪的声音。“while”引导时间状语从句，强调主从句动作同时进行，第一个空用过去进行时；“noise” 与 “hear”是被动关系，描述过去发生的动作，第二个空用一般过去时被动语态 。故选A。 16．The project ________ by the end of this year. A．completes B．will complete C．will be completed D．is completed 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：该项目将于今年年底完成。根据时间状语“by the end of this year”可知，描述将要发生的事情，用一般将来时，且主语“The project”和谓语动词“complete”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，综上所述，此处应该用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构是：will be done。故选C。 17．The rules ________ to all the students in the school meeting yesterday. A．explain B．explained C．were explained D．are explained 【答案】C 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：这些规则在昨天的校会上被向所有学生解释了。时间状语yesterday表明句子要用一般过去时。主语“The rules”和动词explain是被动关系，即 “规则被解释”，因此要用被动语态 “was/were+过去分词”。主语The rules是复数，所以be动词用were，动词explain的过去分词是explained，因此正确形式为 “were explained”。故选C。 18．Not only the cats but also the dog ________ fed by my neighbor every day.​ A．is B．are C．was D．were​ 【答案】A 【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：不仅是猫，连狗每天也都由我的邻居喂食。根据“not only … but also …”的“就近原则”，谓语动词需与靠近它的主语the dog保持一致，主语是单数。句中的every day是一般现在时的标志，且the dog与feed之间是被动关系，需用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is。故选A。 19．Many trees ________ in the park since last month. A．have planted B．have been planted C．planted D．were planted 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态和语态用法。句意：自上个月以来，公园里已经种了很多树。根据时间标志词“since last month”表示从过去持续到现在的动作，需用现在完成时；且主语“Many trees”与动词plant是被动关系，需用现在完成时的被动语态“have been+过去分词”可知，“have been planted”符合语境。故选B。 20．Drink and food should ________ to bring into the reading room. A．not be allowing B．allow C．not be allowed D．be allowed 【答案】C 【解析】考查含情态动词的被动语态。 句意：饮料和食物不应该被带入阅览室。 句子主语“Drink and food”与动词“allow”是被动关系，需要用被动语态。 should是情态动词，其否定被动结构为should not be+过去分词，根据句意可知，此处表示不被允许，故用not be allowed。故选C。 二、提升篇（每题4分，共10题，满分40分） 短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yantai is one of the important industrial ___21___ (base) of Shandong Province with more than 2,700 industrial enterprises. The main industrial products amount to over 2,000 ____22____ (variety) and more than 450 of them are ____23____ (sell) abroad. The Zhangyu wines and Polaris wooden-frame clocks are famous in China. Some new famous products such ____24____ automobiles, electronic mask, engineering machinery, series of freezers and computers, etc. have shaped ____25____ a certain scale as well. Some of ____26____ (they) have taken advantage positions in their own fields. For example, in the field of textile industry, Yantai Anlun Co. Ltd. is ____27____ (expect)  to reach the annual production capability of 4,500 tons this year, and it is the number one both in production capability ____28____ market occupation. In the field of automobile industry, Yantai plays a ____29____ (decide)  role, and its ____30____ (annually)  production capability of car engine reaches 300,000. 【答案】 21．bases 22．varieties 23．sold 24．as 25．in 26．them 27．expected 28．and 29．decisive 30．annual 【导语】本文主要介绍了烟台作为山东省重要工业基地的产业发展格局与竞争优势，突出其作为工业基地的综合实力与行业影响力。 【解析】21．考查名词的数。句意：烟台是山东省重要的工业基地之一，拥有工业企业2700多家。根据“one of the important industrial ...”可知，烟台是众多重要工业基地之一，介词of后的“base (基地)”不只一家，所给名词base需用复数形式。故填bases。 22．考查名词的数。句意：主要工业产品有2000多个品种，……。variety意为“种类，品种”，是可数名词，前面有基数词2000修饰，需用复数形式。故填varieties。 23．考查被动语态。句意：……，它们当中有450多个品种销往国外。根据主语“more than 450 of them (them指代前文的varieties)”和谓语“are ...”的被动关系、并结合所给及物动词“sell (卖，销售)”可知，此处应是被动语态“be+过去分词”，故sell需用过去分词形式sold。故填sold。 24．考查短语介词。句意：汽车、电子掩模、工程机械、系列冷柜、电脑等一批知名新产品也已形成一定规模。根据空后所接内容“automobiles, electronic mask, ...”可知，空后内容是在举例说明，结合空前“such”可知，此处考查“such as ...”的不完全例举用法。故填as。 25．考查介词。句意：汽车、电子掩模、工程机械、系列冷柜、电脑等一批知名新产品也已形成一定规模。“in a/an ... scale”是固定搭配，意为“以……的规模”。故填in。 26．考查人称代词。句意：他们中的一些人在各自的领域占据了有利地位。介词of后接宾语，故所给人称代词they需用宾格them。故填them。 27．考查被动语态。句意：例如，在纺织工业领域，烟台安伦有限公司预计今年将达到4500吨的年生产能力，……。根据主语“Yantai Anlun Co. Ltd.”和谓语“is ...”的被动关系、并结合所给及物动词“expect (预期，预料)”可知，此处应是被动语态“be+过去分词”，故expect需用过去分词形式expected。故填expected。 28．考查并列连词。句意：它在生产能力和市场占有率方面都是第一。根据both以及空的前后内容“in production capability”和“(in) market occupation”可知，此处考查并列关联结构“both ... and ...”，连接两个并列状语。故填and。 29．考查形容词用法。句意：在汽车工业领域，烟台起着举足轻重的作用，……。根据空后所接名词role可知，此处需用所给动词decide的形容词词形decisive作定语。故填decisive。 30．考查形容词的用法。句意：……，它每年的汽车发动机生产能力达到30万台。根据空后所接名词短语“production capability”可知，此处需用副词annually的形容词词形annual作定语。故填annual。 1 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $