Unit 3 Famous People （知识清单）-2026-2027学年重大版五年级上册英语

该小学英语知识清单围绕五年级上册Unit 3“Famous People”主题，系统梳理名人介绍与品质学习的知识体系。从核心词汇（人物职业、品质等）和句型（询问阅读内容、介绍主题等）入手，结合一般过去时语法，通过牛顿、袁隆平、海伦·凯勒的故事案例，搭建语篇阅读方法与名人信息卡制作的学习支架。 知识链路按“目标—词汇句型—语法—分课案例—综合应用”逻辑清晰呈现，融合文化意识（中外名人故事）、思维品质（时间轴梳理经历）和语言能力（一般过去时讲述故事）。通过语篇阅读步骤、复述模板和信息卡制作，帮助学生构建“经历—品质—启示”的认知框架，提升综合语言运用与学习能力。

重大版五年级上册英语 Unit 3 Famous People 知识清单 一、单元学习目标 本单元围绕“名人及其优秀品质”展开，学习如何介绍名人、讲述名人故事，并思考如何以名人为榜样，成为更好的自己。 能够说出可以从不同名人身上学到的品质，如好奇、勤奋、勇敢和创造力。 能够读懂袁隆平的梦想与奋斗故事，理解珍惜粮食的意义。 能够借助时间轴了解海伦·凯勒的人生经历，并分享从她身上学到的道理。 能够用一般过去时讲述人物过去发生的事情。 能够使用人物信息卡介绍一位名人，并表达自己的学习收获。 二、核心词汇与语块 类别 词汇/语块 中文意思与用法 人物与职业 famous people; scientist; astronaut; inventor; painter; farmer 名人；科学家；宇航员；发明家；画家；农民 品质 curious; brave; creative; hard-working; great 好奇的；勇敢的；有创造力的；勤奋的；伟大的 故事动作 read a story; sit under a tree; fall to the earth; ask why 读故事；坐在树下；落到地面；追问为什么 奋斗经历 have a dream; work hard; try to; fail; give up; come true 有梦想；努力工作；努力做；失败；放弃；实现 时间轴表达 be born; become deaf and blind; learn to read and write; write a book; finish college; make speeches; die 出生；失聪失明；学会读写；写书；完成大学学业；发表演讲；去世 人物介绍 be famous for; place of birth; date of birth; famous saying 因……而出名；出生地；出生日期；名言 三、核心句型 句型 功能 例句与说明 What are you reading? — I’m reading a story. 询问正在读什么 What are you reading? I’m reading a story about Newton. It’s about ... 介绍故事或人物主题 It’s about the famous scientist, Newton. What can we learn from ...? 询问能从某人身上学到什么 What can we learn from Newton? To always ask “why”. 用动词不定式回答学习收获 To always ask “why”. 表示“要凡事多问为什么”。 He/She was a ... / He/She was ... 介绍人物职业或品质 He was a scientist. He was hard-working. He had a dream. His dream came true. 讲述过去的梦想及结果 had 和 came 是 have、come 的过去式。 We can learn a lot from him/her. 表达从名人身上获得的启示 We can learn a lot from Helen Keller. 四、核心语法精讲：一般过去时与人物介绍 1. 一般过去时：本单元用一般过去时讲述名人过去的经历、成就和人生节点。句子中常出现过去的时间，如 in 1882、in 1903、from 1964 to 1973、one day 等。 结构 用法 例句 主语 + was/were + 名词或形容词 描述过去的身份、状态或品质 Newton was a scientist. Helen was deaf and blind. 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 叙述过去发生的动作 He worked hard. She wrote her first book. 主语 + did not/didn’t + 动词原形 表达过去没有做某事 He didn’t give up. Did + 主语 + 动词原形……? 询问过去是否做过某事 Did his dream come true? Yes, it did. 2. 规则动词过去式：一般情况下在动词后加 -ed，如 work—worked、ask—asked、help—helped；以不发音的 e 结尾直接加 -d，如 live—lived；以辅音字母加 y 结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 -ed，如 study—studied。 3. 本单元重点不规则变化：have/has—had，come—came，write—wrote，begin—began，make—made，be—was/were，become—became，fall—fell，see—saw，give—gave，go—went，die—died。 4. 动词过去式的判断：先看时间和语境，再看句子中是否已经有 did。肯定句用过去式；did 后必须用动词原形，如 Did he give up? 不能说 Did he gave up? 5. 人物介绍的基本顺序：姓名/职业 → 主要经历或成就 → 优秀品质 → 我们可以学到什么。 五、Lesson 1：从牛顿身上学好奇与思考 原文：Hi, Haotian. What are you reading? 译文：欧琳：浩天，你在读什么？ 原文：I’m reading a story. Is the story interesting? 译文：浩天：我在读一个故事。欧琳：故事有趣吗？ 原文：Yes. It’s about the famous scientist, Newton. One day, Newton sat under an apple tree. An apple fell on his head. 译文：是的。故事讲的是著名科学家牛顿。一天，牛顿坐在苹果树下，一个苹果砸在了他的头上。 原文：Then? Newton asked himself, “Why does the apple fall to the earth?” 译文：然后呢？牛顿自问：“苹果为什么会落到地上？” 原文：Oh, I see. The force of the earth makes the apple fall to the ground. 译文：哦，我明白了。地球的力量让苹果落到地面。 原文：Yes, you’re right. Many people saw apples fall, but only Newton asked why. 译文：是的，你说得对。许多人都看到过苹果落下，但只有牛顿追问了原因。 原文：So what can we learn from Newton? — To always ask “why”. 译文：那么我们能从牛顿身上学到什么？——凡事多问为什么。 语篇精讲：故事通过“苹果落下”这一现象，突出 Newton 的 curious（好奇的）品质。许多人看到了同样的现象，Newton 却进一步追问原因，说明善于观察、主动思考和勇于提问是科学发现的重要起点。 表达 重点讲解 What are you reading? 现在进行时的一般疑问句，询问“你正在读什么”。答语可用 I’m reading ...。 It’s about ... about 表示“关于”，后接人物、故事或主题。 asked himself ask oneself 表示“问自己”；himself 是 he 的反身代词。 Why does the apple fall ...? 一般现在时特殊疑问句，does 后接动词原形 fall。 make the apple fall make + 人/物 + 动词原形，表示“使某人/某物做某事”。 人物品质词汇：Newton was a famous scientist. He was curious. He always asked “why”. We can learn to observe carefully, think actively and ask questions bravely. 六、Lesson 1：名人与品质表达 人物 职业 可学习的品质 Wang Yaping an astronaut brave 勇敢 Thomas Edison an inventor creative 有创造力 Tu Youyou a scientist hard-working 勤奋 Van Gogh a painter 用作品表达独特想法 对话模板：Who is he? — He’s ... What can we learn from him? — We can learn to be ...。介绍女性时，将 he/him 改为 she/her。 名人卡片汇报模板：My famous person is Isaac Newton. Newton was a scientist. He was curious. One day, he asked why the apple fell to the ground. I can learn from him to be curious and thoughtful. 七、Lesson 2：袁隆平的梦想与坚持 原文：He had a dream: Everyone in the world should have enough to eat. 译文：他有一个梦想：全世界所有人都能吃饱饭。 原文：He worked hard. He tried to grow better rice. From 1964 to 1973, he failed about three thousand times. 译文：他辛勤工作，努力培育高产水稻。1964 年至 1973 年间，他失败了三千次左右。 原文：He didn’t give up. He tried again and again. At last, his dream came true. 译文：他没有放弃。他一次又一次地尝试。最终，他的梦想成真了。 原文：Now, the Chinese people have enough to eat. His great work also helps other people in the world. 译文：如今，中国人民有足够的食物可以吃。他的伟大成果也帮助了世界上的其他人。 原文：Who is “he”? He is Yuan Longping. 译文：“他”是谁？他是袁隆平。 语篇精讲：文章按照“梦想—努力—失败—坚持—成功—影响”的顺序展开。Yuan Longping 的故事告诉我们，伟大的梦想需要长期努力；失败并不等于终点，坚持尝试才能让梦想一步步变成现实。 内容节点 关键信息 Dream 梦想 Everyone in the world should have enough to eat. Effort 努力 He worked hard and tried to grow better rice. Failure 失败 He failed about three thousand times. Persistence 坚持 He didn’t give up. He tried again and again. Result 结果 His dream came true. Influence 影响 His work helped people in China and other countries. 重点句型：He had a dream. 表示“他曾经有一个梦想”；try to do sth. 表示“努力做某事”；again and again 表示“一次又一次”；at last 表示“最终”；come true 表示“实现，成真”，主语通常是 dream、wish 等。 思考与表达：What can we learn from Yuan Longping? We can learn to work hard, try again and again, and never give up. What is my dream? How can I make my dream come true? 八、Lesson 3：海伦·凯勒的人生时间轴 原文：Helen Keller Timeline 译文：海伦·凯勒人生时间轴 年份 人生经历 中文理解 1880 was born 出生 1882 became deaf and blind 失去听觉和视觉 1887 learned to read and write 学会读书和写字 1903 wrote her first book 写出第一本书 1904 became the first deaf-blind person to finish college 成为首位完成大学学业的盲聋人 1924 made speeches to help the blind and deaf 发表演讲帮助盲聋人群 1968 died in her sleep 在睡梦中离世 语篇精讲：时间轴按照时间先后介绍 Helen Keller 的一生。虽然她很早就失去了听觉和视觉，但她坚持学习、完成大学学业、写书并发表演讲，帮助了许多盲聋人士。阅读时间轴时，要抓住“年份 + 过去式动作”这一信息组合。 原文表达 语法与词义 was born be born 表示“出生”，was 是 be 的过去式。 became deaf and blind become 的过去式是 became；deaf and blind 表示“失聪且失明”。 learned to read and write learn to do sth. 表示“学会做某事”；read 和 write 是并列的动词。 wrote her first book write 的过去式是 wrote；first 表示“第一本/第一次”。 made speeches make a speech 表示“发表演讲”，复数为 make speeches。 to help the blind and deaf the + 形容词表示一类人，the blind 指盲人，the deaf 指聋人。 时间轴复述模板：Helen Keller was born in 1880. She became deaf and blind in 1882. She learned to read and write in 1887. She wrote her first book in 1903. She finished college in 1904. She made speeches to help the blind and deaf in 1924. 名言理解：Keep your face to the sunshine and you cannot see the shadows. 这句话告诉我们要面向阳光、保持积极乐观的态度。知识可以带来爱、光明和希望：Knowledge is love and light and vision. 九、语篇阅读方法：人物故事与时间轴 第一步：看标题和图片，判断文章介绍的是哪一位名人，以及文章可能涉及的品质。 第二步：圈出人物、职业、年份和动作，建立“谁—什么时候—做了什么”的信息链。 第三步：关注过去式动词，按照时间顺序给事件排序。 第四步：用“经历 + 品质 + 启示”概括人物：He/She ... We can learn ... from him/her。 第五步：联系自身，用一句话表达迁移：I can learn from him/her to be ...。 阅读复述示例：Yuan Longping had a great dream. He worked hard and tried to grow better rice. Although he failed many times, he didn’t give up. At last, his dream came true. We can learn to work hard and never give up. 十、Challenging Ourselves：制作名人信息卡 信息项目 填写内容或表达 Name 姓名：... Job 职业：He/She is a ... Place of birth 出生地：He/She was born in ... Date of birth 出生日期：He/She was born on/in ... Being famous for 成名事迹：He/She is famous for ... Famous saying(s) 名言：... My learning 学习收获：We can learn a lot from him/her. 汇报范例：Helen Keller was a famous writer and speaker. She was brave and hard-working. She became deaf and blind, but she learned to read and write, finished college and helped many people. We can learn a lot from her. 十一、单元重点整合 知识要点 掌握要求 名人品质 能够用 curious、brave、creative、hard-working 等词描述人物。 过去经历 能够用 was/were 和动词过去式讲述名人故事。 时间轴阅读 能够根据年份和动作排序、复述人物经历。 梦想与坚持 能够使用 had a dream、tried to、didn’t give up、came true 表达奋斗过程。 人物启示 能够用 What can we learn from ...? 和 We can learn ... from him/her. 进行交流。 综合表达 能够制作名人卡片并完成简短汇报。 十二、易混易错与学习提示 ask why 表示“问为什么”，why 后可以接完整句子；本单元用 To always ask “why”. 概括 Newton 的品质。 make + 宾语 + 动词原形，如 The force makes the apple fall；不能在 make 后使用 to fall。 didn’t 后接动词原形：He didn’t give up；不能写成 He didn’t gave up。 come true 的主语通常是 dream、wish 等：His dream came true；不能说 He came true。 learn to read and write 中，read 和 write 是并列动词；learn 后接 to do 表示“学会做某事”。 介绍人物时注意代词一致：男士用 he/him，女士用 she/her。 讲述人物过去经历时，年份通常和一般过去时连用，如 in 1903、in 1924。 珍惜粮食不仅要记住 enough to eat，还要理解食物来之不易，并落实到不浪费粮食的行动中。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $