摘要:
本小学英语讲义围绕“健康生活”主题,系统梳理询问身体状况(如What's the matter? How do you feel?)、表达症状(have a cold/fever, head hurts)、提出建议(should + 动词原形)及用be going to表达计划的核心知识点,构建“对话理解-词汇学习-语法归纳-句型运用-综合练习”的学习支架。
该资料通过“补充词汇编对话”活动提升语言运用能力,借助填空、改写句子等多样化练习培养分析与应用的思维品质,参考答案设计助力学生课后自主查漏补缺,发展学习能力。课中辅助教师系统授课,课后帮助学生巩固知识,体现“学练结合”的学科特色。
内容正文:
Unit3 Healthy life
Part A
【课文要点】
第一部分:Let's talk(对话理解)
1. Mike and Chen Jie are in the ______.
Mike和陈杰在操场上。
- playground n. 操场,运动场。
2. Hi, Mike. It's Binbin. I'm ______ to the science museum tomorrow. ______ you going?
嗨,Mike。我是彬彬。我明天要去科学博物馆。你去吗?
- be going to 意为“打算,将要做某事”(表计划)。
- the science museum 科学博物馆。
- Are you going? 是一般疑问句,询问对方是否打算去。
3. I'm ______ not, Binbin. I have a bad ______.
恐怕不行,彬彬。我得了重感冒。
- I'm afraid not. 意为“恐怕不行/恐怕不是”。
- have a bad cold 意为“得了重感冒”。
4. Oh dear! How do you ______?
哦天哪!你感觉怎么样?
- How do you feel? 意为“你感觉怎么样?”(询问身体状况)。
5. I feel ______. My head ______ and I have a runny ______.
我感觉不舒服。我头疼,还流鼻涕。
- ill adj. 生病的,不舒服(= sick)。
- hurt v. 疼痛。My head hurts. 我头疼。
- a runny nose 意为“流鼻涕”(runny 是 run 的形容词形式)。
6. I'm sorry to ______ that. Maybe you should ______ a doctor.
听到这消息我很难过。也许你应该去看医生。
- I'm sorry to hear that. 意为“听到这消息我很难过。”(用于听到坏消息时的回应。)
- should 意为“应该”(情态动词,后接动词原形)。
- see a doctor 意为“看医生”。
7. I know. My mum is going to ______ me to hospital this afternoon.
我知道。我妈妈今天下午打算带我去医院。
- take sb. to... 意为“带某人去……”。
- this afternoon 今天下午。
8. That's ______. Take care and get ______ soon!
太好了。保重,早日康复!
- Take care. 意为“保重。”(告别时的关心话语。)
- get well soon 意为“早日康复”。
- well 在此作形容词,意为“健康的”。
第二部分:Add more words and make a conversation(补充更多词并编对话)
9. How do you ______?
你感觉怎么样?
- 询问感觉的常用句型。
10. I'm not ______ well. I feel ______ and I have a runny nose.
我感觉不舒服。我觉得冷,还流鼻涕。
- feel cold 感觉冷。
- have a runny nose 流鼻涕。
11. You should ______ some water and ______ a rest.
你应该喝点水,休息一下。
- drink some water 喝点水。
- have a rest 休息一下。
第三部分:Let's learn(词汇学习)
12. What's the ______?
怎么了?
- What's the matter? 意为“怎么了?”(询问身体不适)。
13. I have a bad ______. My head ______ and I have a runny nose.
我得了重感冒。我头疼,还流鼻涕。
- cold n. 感冒。
- hurts 是 hurt 的第三人称单数,意为“疼痛”。
14. Mike has a bad cold. His head ______ and he has a runny nose.
Mike得了重感冒。他头疼,流鼻涕。
- has 是 have 的第三人称单数(主语 Mike 是第三人称单数)。
- hurts 是 hurt 的第三人称单数(主语 his head 是第三人称单数)。
15. He has a ______.
他发烧了。
- fever n. 发烧。
16. She has a ______.
她咳嗽。
- cough n. 咳嗽。
【重点语法归纳】
1. 询问身体状况
What's the matter? 怎么了? I have a cold.
How do you feel? 你感觉怎么样? I feel ill. / I feel cold.
Are you OK? 你还好吗? I'm not feeling well.
2. 表达身体不适的症状
感冒 have a cold
重感冒 have a bad cold
发烧 have a fever
咳嗽 have a cough
头疼 have a headache / My head hurts
流鼻涕 have a runny nose
感觉不舒服 feel ill / not feel well
3. 情态动词 should
- should 意为“应该”,用于提出建议或劝告。
- 结构:主语 + should + 动词原形 + 其他。
e.g. You ______ see a doctor.(你应该去看医生。)
- 否定形式:should not / shouldn't。
e.g. You ______ go out.(你不应该出去。)
4. 一般将来时:be going to
- 表示“计划、打算做某事”。
- 结构:主语 + be (am/is/are) + going to + 动词原形。
e.g. I ______ going to the science museum tomorrow.(我明天要去科学博物馆。)
e.g. She ______ going to take me to hospital.(她打算带我去医院。)
【重点词汇与短语汇总】
重点词汇
ill adj. 生病的,不舒服的
cold n. 感冒
fever n. 发烧
cough n. 咳嗽
headache n. 头痛
runny adj. 流鼻涕的
hospital n. 医院
playground n. 操场,运动场
重点短语
have a cold 感冒
have a bad cold 得了重感冒
have a runny nose 流鼻涕
have a fever 发烧
have a cough 咳嗽
feel ill 感觉不舒服
see a doctor 看医生
take sb. to hospital 带某人去医院
get well soon 早日康复
take care 保重
have a rest 休息一下
drink some water 喝点水
【核心句型讲解】
1. 询问和描述身体状况
- A: What's the ______?(怎么了?)
- B: I ______ a bad cold.(我得了重感冒。)
- A: How do you ______?(你感觉怎么样?)
- B: I ______ ill.(我感觉不舒服。)
- B: My head ______.(我头疼。)
2. 提出建议
- You ______ see a doctor.(你应该去看医生。)
- You ______ drink some water.(你应该喝点水。)
- You ______ have a rest.(你应该休息一下。)
3. 表达将来计划
- I ______ going to the science museum tomorrow.(我明天要去科学博物馆。)
- My mum is going to ______ me to hospital.(我妈妈打算带我去医院。)
4. 回应坏消息
- I'm sorry to ______ that.(听到这消息我很难过。)
- Take ______ and get well soon!(保重,早日康复!)
【综合练习】
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. I'm going to the science ______ (museum) tomorrow.
2. I have a bad ______ (cold). I feel ill.
3. My head ______ (hurt).
4. I have a runny ______ (nose).
5. Maybe you should ______ (see) a doctor.
6. My mum is going to ______ (take) me to hospital.
7. Get ______ (well) soon!
8. I'm not feeling ______ (good). I feel cold.
9. You should drink some ______ (water).
10. You should have a ______ (rest).
二、根据汉语意思完成句子(每空一词)
1. 你感觉怎么样?
______ do you ______?
2. 我感觉不舒服。
I feel ______.
3. 我头疼,还流鼻涕。
My head ______ and I have a runny ______.
4. 听到这消息我很难过。
I'm ______ to ______ that.
5. 你应该去看医生。
You should ______ a ______.
6. 我妈妈打算带我去医院。
My mum is going to ______ me to ______.
7. 保重,早日康复!
______ ______ and get well soon!
8. 我明天要去科学博物馆。
I'm ______ to the science ______ tomorrow.
9. 你应该喝点水,休息一下。
You should ______ some water and have a ______.
10. 你怎么了?
What's the ______?
三、单项选择
( ) 1. I'm going to the science _______ tomorrow.
A. museum B. hospital C. school D. playground
( ) 2. I have a bad _______. I feel ill.
A. cold B. cough C. fever D. headache
( ) 3. My head _______.
A. hurt B. hurts C. hurting D. to hurt
( ) 4. I have a runny _______.
A. head B. nose C. mouth D. ear
( ) 5. Maybe you should _______ a doctor.
A. see B. sees C. seeing D. to see
( ) 6. My mum is going to _______ me to hospital.
A. take B. takes C. taking D. to take
( ) 7. Get _______ soon!
A. good B. well C. fine D. nice
( ) 8. I'm not feeling _______. I feel cold.
A. good B. well C. nice D. fine
( ) 9. You should drink some _______.
A. waters B. water C. a water D. the water
( ) 10. You should have a _______.
A. rest B. cold C. fever D. cough
( ) 11. How do you _______?
A. feeling B. feels C. feel D. felt
( ) 12. I'm sorry to _______ that.
A. listen B. hear C. sound D. see
( ) 13. Mike _______ a bad cold.
A. have B. has C. having D. to have
( ) 14. She _______ a cough.
A. have B. has C. having D. to have
( ) 15. _______ you going to the museum?
A. Am B. Is C. Are D. Be
四、按要求改写句子
1. I have a bad cold.(改为一般疑问句)
______ you ______ a bad cold?
2. Mike has a fever.(改为否定句)
Mike ______ ______ a fever.
3. My head hurts.(改为一般疑问句)
______ your head ______?
4. I feel ill.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ you ______?
5. I'm going to the science museum tomorrow.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ you going tomorrow?
6. You should see a doctor.(改为否定句)
You ______ ______ a doctor.
7. My mum is going to take me to hospital.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ going to take you to hospital?
五、翻译下列句子(英译中)
1. How do you feel?
2. I feel ill.
3. My head hurts.
4. I have a runny nose.
5. I'm sorry to hear that.
6. Maybe you should see a doctor.
7. My mum is going to take me to hospital.
8. Take care and get well soon!
9. I'm going to the science museum tomorrow.
10. You should drink some water and have a rest.
11. What's the matter?
12. I have a bad cold.
13. He has a fever.
14. She has a cough.
15. Mike has a bad cold. His head hurts and he has a runny nose.
【参考答案】
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. museum
2. cold
3. hurts
4. nose
5. see
6. take
7. well
8. well
9. water
10. rest
二、根据汉语意思完成句子
1. How, feel
2. ill
3. hurts, nose
4. sorry, hear
5. see, doctor
6. take, hospital
7. Take care
8. going, museum
9. drink, rest
10. matter
三、单项选择
1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. A
11. C 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. C
四、按要求改写句子
1. Do, have
2. does not have
3. Does, hurt
4. How do, feel
5. Where are
6. should not see
7. Who is
五、翻译句子
1. 你感觉怎么样?
2. 我感觉不舒服。
3. 我头疼。
4. 我流鼻涕。
5. 听到这消息我很难过。
6. 也许你应该去看医生。
7. 我妈妈打算带我去医院。
8. 保重,早日康复!
9. 我明天要去科学博物馆。
10. 你应该喝点水,休息一下。
11. 你怎么了?
12. 我得了重感冒。
13. 他发烧了。
14. 她咳嗽。
15. Mike得了重感冒。他头疼,流鼻涕。
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