Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Vocabulary（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选修第二册学习笔记（译林版·新教材）

本高中英语讲义聚焦词汇学习核心知识点，系统梳理重点词汇（如graze, scenario等）、拓展词汇（如emit→emission的词形变化）及阅读词汇（如titanic-sized, hydroelectric），通过词汇用法辨析、一词多义与熟词生义讲解构建学习支架，最终以单词拼写和语法填空练习巩固应用。 资料特色在于分层设计与语境化应用，通过词缀规律（如-exhaustion, -ation）培养构词能力提升语言能力，借助degrade等词多义辨析训练思维品质，结合读后续写佳句（如“Mary, exhausted and scared...”）实现词汇情境表达。课中辅助教师分层教学，课后助力学生查漏补缺强化记忆。

Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary Ⅰ.写重点词汇 1．graze vi.(在草地上)吃青草 vt.放牧，放牛，放羊；(在草地上)吃青草 2．scenario n．(pl.scenarios)设想，方案，预测；(电影或戏剧的)剧情梗概 3．fossil n．化石 4．dioxide n．二氧化物 5．biomass n．生物质；生物量 6．turbine n．涡轮机，汽轮机 7．grid n．系统网络，输电网，煤气输送网；网格，方格；格子，格栅，栅栏 8．optimize/optimise vt.使最优化，充分利用；优化(数据、软件等) 9．degrade vt.降低，削弱(尤指质量)；使退化，使降解；降低……的身份，侮辱……的人格，使受屈辱 vi.退化，降解，分解 10．landfill n．垃圾填埋地(或场)；垃圾填埋；填埋的垃圾 11．compost n．混合肥料，堆肥 vt.把……制成堆肥；施堆肥于 12．dough n. (用于制面包和糕点的)生面团 13．oven n．烤箱，烤炉 14．hoe vt. & vi.用锄头锄地(或除草) n．锄头 15．safeguard vt. & vi. 保护，保障，捍卫 16．leftover n．吃剩的食物，残羹剩饭；遗留物，残存物 adj.剩下的，多余的 17．tide n．潮，潮汐，潮水；潮流，趋势；怒潮；高涨的情绪 18．vanish vi.突然消失；不复存在，消亡，绝迹 19．seep vi.(尤指液体)渗，渗透 20．dump vt.(尤指在不合适的地方)丟弃，扔掉，倾倒；丢下，抛弃 n．垃圾场，废物堆 21．cyclone n．气旋，旋风 22．pineapple n．菠萝，凤梨 23．dry up枯竭，耗尽；干涸 24．open the door to为……提供达到目的的手段，为……创造机会 25．wind up以……告终(或终结) 26．in hot water陷入困境 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 1．emit vt.发出，射出，散发→emission n．排放；排放物 2．exhaust v．使筋疲力尽；耗尽，用尽；详尽讨论 n．废气→exhausted adj.筋疲力尽的，疲惫不堪的；耗尽的，枯竭的→exhausting adj.使人筋疲力尽的→exhaustion n．筋疲力尽，疲惫不堪；耗尽，用尽；枯竭→inexhaustible adj.用之不竭的，无穷无尽的 3．deplete vt.耗尽，使枯竭→depletion n．损耗，耗尽 4．accelerate vi.加速，加快 vt.使加速，使加快→acceleration n．加速，加快 5．implement vt.使生效，贯彻，执行，实施→implementation n．实施 6. decompose v．(使)分解→decomposition n．分解 7．ingest vt.摄入，食入，咽下→ingestion n．摄取；吸收；咽下 8．scatter vt.& vi.撒，撒播；散开，四散→scattered adj.分散的，零散的 9．refuge n．庇护，避难；收容所，避难所；庇护者，慰藉→refugee n．难民，避难者 Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 1．Then coal was discovered，and soon titanic-sized earth-digging machines circled the village. adj.巨型的 2．In addition to unique wildlife，this area is abundant in hydroelectric and geothermal energy. adj.使用水力发电的，水力产生的　adj.地热的 3．Renewable energy is now gradually being integrated into infrastructures，such as transport，communication and power supply systems.n.(国家或机构的)基础设施，基础建设 4．Coconut is a typical tropical fruit that can be seen on Hainan Island. adj.热带的，来自热带的，产于热带的 inexhaustible adj.用之不竭的；无穷无尽的 (exhaust v．使筋疲力尽；耗尽，用尽；详尽讨论 n．废气 exhausted adj.筋疲力尽的，疲惫不堪的；耗尽的，枯竭的 exhausting adj.使人筋疲力尽的 exhaustion n．筋疲力尽，疲惫不堪；耗尽，用尽；枯竭) be exhausted from/by因……而疲劳 (1)We believe firmly in the inexhaustible(exhaust) creative power of the masses. (2)Her throat was parched，and she was exhausted from/by all the walking. (3)They got involved in a long and exhausting fight，which made them extremely exhausted.(exhaust) [写作佳句] (4)(读后续写之情感描写)玛丽，既疲惫又害怕，躺在附近的一块石头上，想念远方的家人。 Mary，exhausted and scared，lay on a stone nearby，missing her family at a distance. dry up 枯竭，耗尽；干涸 dry out干透；使……变干 (1)The main source of income，tourism，is expected to dry up completely this summer because of the disaster. (2)Water the plant regularly，and never let the soil dry out. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之演讲稿)是我们要在河流最终干涸前通力合作改变这种情况的时候了。 It is high time that we should pull together to change the situation before the river eventually dries up. surge n．奔涌向前，突然的向上运动；(强烈感情的)突发；(数量的)急剧上升，激增 vi.涌，汹涌；使强烈地感到；急剧上升，飞涨 a surge of anger/excitement/disappointment一阵愤怒/兴奋/失望 (1)Jennifer suddenly felt a surge of relief.She raised her head and found the little cat staring into her eyes，meowing gently，as if she sensed Jennifer’s pain and came to apologize. [写作佳句] (2)(读后续写之情绪描写)听到爸爸的话，爱丽丝感到一阵失望和悲伤。 Hearing what Dad said，Alice was taken hold of by a surge of disappointment mixed with sadness. Ⅰ.一词多义 degrade A.vt.降低，削弱尤指质量　B.vi.降解　C.vt.侮辱……的人格，使受辱　D.vi.退化 1．While the brain begins to degrade in later life，it may never be too late to teach an old brain new tricks. D 2．Never let a person use names or words to hurt or degrade you or your partner. C 3．If the fuel is exposed to air，it could degrade further and emit dangerous levels of radioactivity. B 4．Certain irrigation practices degrade soil quality and reduce agricultural productivity. A tide A.n.潮水　B.n.潮流　C.n.高涨的情绪 5．A tide of rage surged through her when she heard her parents had been framed. C 6．The tide of opinion seems overwhelmingly in his favour. B 7．The tide was going out，and the sand was smooth and glittering. A Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．There is good grassland here for your cattle and horses to graze on.vi.(在草地上)吃青草 2．But some materials slow and scatter light，bouncing it away from its original path.vt.散射 3．Making soup is a good way of using up leftover vegetables.adj.剩下的，多余的 4．Before you dump all of your retail stocks，there are more facts you should consider. v.倾销，抛售 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The runners accelerated smoothly around the bend at the track meet yesterday. 2．Although this kind of mistake is inevitable(不可避免的)，we still need to be careful. 3．A study found that renewable energy sources emit(发出) about 50g or less of carbon dioxide per kilowatt-hour over their lifetime，compared to about 1,000g for coal. 4．China will always be a major force in safeguarding(捍卫) regional and world peace. 5．With a higher temperature and more moist conditions，the process of organic matter decomposition will be accelerated. 6．If everyone lets their goats graze(吃青草) on the common，it will turn into a devastated wasteland with no grass left for anyone. 7．A robot has to identify the players，conditions，and possible outcomes for various scenarios(预测)． 8．China is making efforts to optimize the use of educational resources so that rural and underdeveloped areas can receive more support. 9．The research shows that only a small portion of plastic bags could be thoroughly degraded. 10．Come over here and help me pack up the leftover food.I will heat it in the oven tomorrow morning. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．If the new approach worked，it could provide an inexhaustible(exhaust) supply of clean energy. 2．Once a village was surrounded by fertile fields，with farmers tending their crops and farm animals grazing (graze) lazily below a mighty mountain. 3．We are informed that the services are implemented with the right level of decomposition(decompose)． 4．It is plain to see that favorable policies have opened the door to free trade. 5．What can be seen from the chart is that the emission(emit) of gases such as carbon dioxide should be stabilized at present levels. 6．I’d like to wind up our interview by wishing you good luck. 7．She felt a surge of excitement run through her when hearing the inspiring news. 8．If we continue to waste water，the river would eventually dry up. 9．The company has already been in hot water because the quality of its products has been degraded. 10．After he ate up the leftover food，he picked up the scattered(scatter) toys on the floor. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $