Unit 5 A delicate World 主题类文拓展阅读（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（外研版·新教材）

本高中英语讲义聚焦气候变化主题，通过北极熊死亡案例引出其生态影响，系统阐述温室效应（自然与人为）的原理，分析极端天气等后果及应对措施。提供核心词汇解析、重点句型结构分析和练习题作为学习支架，帮助学生构建知识脉络。 资料以真实案例与科学原理解析为亮点，通过北极熊案例培养学生人类命运共同体意识（文化意识），分析温室效应逻辑提升思维品质（分析、推断），词汇与句型学习强化语言能力。课中助力教师引导学生深度理解，课后词汇句型解析帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺。

(选自人教版选择性必修第三册Unit 3) CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD’S ATTENTION We have known about climate change for decades.There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph)．A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate. In 2013，a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway’s Arctic island of Svalbard.According to the scientists who found its dead body，all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones”．An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved and died.Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food.This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth’s ecology. Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，which has two common meanings：the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect.The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation.The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths.Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon dioxide，trap some of the heat，keeping Earth’s climate warm and habitable.Without this process，Earth could not sustain life.However，the “man-made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem.When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels，more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature to rise quickly. There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives.Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions，this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay.In fact，news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses. Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate.This requires the attention of people all over the world.Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts，because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.So what will you do to help? 1．What caused the polar bear to die in 2013? A．It was tired and hungry. B．The temperature rose. C．It had no food to eat. D．There were no seals. 答案　A 2．In the natural greenhouse effect，how is heat released back into space? A．On short wave. B．At longer wave lengths. C．In the form of methane. D．In the form of carbon dioxide. 答案　B 3．The warming trend is likely to continue . A．if we don’t take proper steps B．because the temperature rises C．when an extreme rainstorm occurs D．because natural disasters increase 答案　A 4．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Some polar bears died of starvation. B．What the greenhouse effect is. C．How the polar bears find food. D．Global warming has caused some disasters and we must pay attention to it. 答案　D 本文是一篇说明文，通过分析气候变化的原因和警示气候变化的影响，号召全人类采取恰当行动，减少碳排放，应对全球变暖。 1．melt vi.& vt.(使)融化；熔化；软化 2．starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死 3．alarming adj.令人惊慌的；使人惊恐的 4．methane n．甲烷；沼气 5．habitable adj.适合居住的 6．sustain vt.维持；遭受；承受住 7．footprint n．足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积 1．Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. [结构分析] 该句为复合句。Experts claimed 是主句；that引导宾语从句，作claimed的宾语；该从句中的the bear could not hunt seals as before是宾语从句，省略了引导词that，作meant的宾语；caused by climate change是动词-ed形式短语作后置定语，修饰low sea-ice levels。 [汉语翻译] 专家称，气候变化导致的海冰面降低意味着北极熊无法像以前那样捕食海豹，于是它只能长途跋涉去寻找食物。 2．There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives. [结构分析] 该句为复合句。There is strong and comprehensive evidence是主句；that引导同位语从句；not only...but also...在此处连接两个动词-ing形式短语作结果状语。 [汉语翻译] 确凿、全面的证据表明，温度上升导致全球极端天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成了严重破坏，还夺走了人的生命。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $