Unit 1 Science and Scientists 单元知识滚动练（配套课件PPT）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（人教版·新教材）

该高中英语课件围绕“Science and scientists”主题，通过选词填空、语法填空、完成句子及主题语篇阅读等模块，系统整合单元核心词汇、语法及语篇知识，构建从基础语言点到综合语用的学习支架，帮助学生巩固前后知识脉络。 其亮点在于结合真实科技语篇（如高中生创办科学工具包、火星土壤种植水稻研究），培养学生文化意识（科技与社会责任感）和思维品质（分析解决问题），完成句子融入读后续写心理描写提升语言能力。学生能在情境中综合运用语言，教师可借助系统滚动练习高效巩固单元知识。

单元知识滚动练 Unit 1 Science and scientists 1.What shocked us was that the gifted astronomer a severe infection. 2.Our outstanding monitor will be the coming New Year Party，which makes all of us excited. 3. my teachers’ assistance，I have handled the tough problem successfully. Ⅰ.选词填空 came down with in charge of Thanks to subscribe to，thanks to，break out，in charge of，come down with，have a gift for，link...to... 4.In the famous celebrity’s view，happiness kindness，generosity and charity. 5.He music，and as a consequence，he enjoys singing in his leisure time. 6.Above all，to ensure our safety，all of us should clearly know what to do if a fire . 7.The leader his assistant’s plan to decrease the economic losses last month. is linked to has a gift for breaks out subscribed to subscribe to，thanks to，break out，in charge of，come down with，have a gift for，link...to... 1.In reality，I have never seen a (devote) person than our professor. 2.It is estimated that he will charge us much more money these raw materials. 3.When it comes to (overcome) such problems，he certainly has substantial experience. 4. I will talk about next is the advantages of organic farming without using chemical fertilisers. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 more devoted for overcoming What 5.Besides (be) impatient，he frequently shifts his initial opinions，which makes his mother boil with anger. 6.Sometimes I can’t digest what I am learning and I have no idea what ________(do) next. 7.Furthermore，my suggestion is you should read English for half an hour every morning. 8.To be honest，it was Tom’s fault，but Lily was also (blame) —they both said some really mean things. being to do that to blame 1.因为害怕这条狗，那个孩子在门口停下了，不能挪动他的脚步。 ，the child stopped at the gate，unable to move his steps. 2.遵循以下建议，你就会知道如何改善你目前糟糕的情况。 Take the following advice and_____________________________________ _________________________. 3.同样重要的是你如何保持工作和放松之间的平衡。 Equally important is_____________________________________________ _____________. Ⅲ.完成句子 Frightened by this dog you will know how to improve your present terrible situation how you can keep a balance between work and relaxation 4.简是如此沮丧，以至于眼泪不受控制地顺着脸颊流淌。(倒装句) tears poured down her cheeks uncontrollably.(读后续写之悲伤心理描写) 5.直到我参加了成人礼我才意识到我的责任重大。 It was not until I attended the coming-of-age ceremony _______________ _________________________. 6.那就是我建议你申请清华大学的原因，它是中国重点大学之一。 That is Tsinghua University，one of the key universities in China. So frustrated was Jane that that I was aware of my great responsibilities why I suggest you (should) apply for 7.你应该记住的最后一件事是在6月28日前必须把这篇文章发给我。 The last thing you should keep in mind is____________________________ ____________________. 8.最重要的是我们下一步应该做什么来提高学生对英语的兴趣。 What is the most significant is to promote students’ interest in English. that you must send the article to me before June 28 what we should do next A (2025·河南洛阳高二上期末) A high school senior called James Smith has started an organization that designs science kits(成套工具) for primary school students.He launched Kits Cubed to introduce kids to the wonders of science through fun，affordable，and accessible means，which owed to a babysitting experience. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了高中生詹姆斯因照顾弟弟的经历，创办Kits Cubed为小学生设计科学工具包，帮助孩子树立学习科学的信心。 Ⅳ.主题语篇阅读 He was babysitting his younger brother，York，when he decided that the activity for the day would be a science experiment.York told him that he hated science because he was bad at it.“He literally loved everything，and then when I brought up science，he doubted himself，” James told CNN.James was not going to let York’s self-doubt continue，so he decided to use simple science experiments to convince him that he was not bad at science. “We went to the store together and I had him pick out potatoes，and then I went to the hardware store to buy some copper(铜) nails(钉子)，some galvanized(镀锌的) nails and some wires.And then，we made a battery out of them，” he said.That was how James successfully convinced York that he was not bad at science.“He actually likes science now，” he said.From this experience，James started thinking to help more kids like York.With the help of his teachers，he started designing science kits that explored real science concepts with simple everyday materials.So far Kits Cubed sells three kinds of kits，with three experiments in each kit.Each kit sells for $15. According to James，Kits Cubed has reached more than 2,000 young people in Oakland so far.“York told me he’s bad at science.He doesn’t like it.I want to remove that thought，and replace it with ‘I’m good at science and I can be a scientist if I want to’.That’s what I really want them to get out of the kits，” said James. 1.When did James come up with the idea of experimenting? A.When he was looking after York. B.When York told him he wanted it. C.When York showed a gift for science. D.When he found York loved everything. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段中“He was babysitting his younger brother，York，when he decided that the activity for the day would be a science experiment.”可知，詹姆斯是在照顾约克时想到做科学实验这个主意的。故选A。 解析 2.How did James change his younger brother’s attitude towards science? A.By doing an experiment for him. B.By sharing learning experience with him. C.By explaining the theory in simple words. D.By involving him in a simple experiment. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“‘We went to the store together and I had him pick out potatoes，and then I went to the hardware store to buy some copper(铜) nails(钉子)，some galvanized(镀锌的) nails and some wires.And then，we made a battery out of them，’ he said.That was how James successfully convinced York that he was not bad at science.”可知，詹姆斯通过让他弟弟约克参与一个简单的实验，改变了约克对科学的态度。故选D。 解析 3.What can we know about the science kits? A.They are still in the pilot stage. B.They use easily available materials. C.They include three experiments in total. D.They are independently designed by James. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“With the help of his teachers，he started designing science kits that explored real science concepts with simple everyday materials.”可知，这些科学工具包使用的是容易获得的日常材料。故选B。 解析 4.What did James expect children to gain from his science kits? A.The ability to learn from daily life. B.The respect for science and scientists. C.The confidence to learn science well. D.The understanding of science concepts. √ 推理判断题。根据第三段中詹姆斯所说的话“York told me he’s bad at science.He doesn’t like it.I want to remove that thought，and replace it with ‘I’m good at science and I can be a scientist if I want to’.That’s what I really want them to get out of the kits.”可推知，詹姆斯期望孩子们从他的科学工具包中获得学好科学的信心。故选C。 解析 B Recent research has found that Martian(火星的) soil contains all the essential nutrients necessary for growing rice，planetary scientist Abhilash Ramachandran of the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville，reported at the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference，providing new possibilities for agriculture on the Red Planet. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在火星土壤上种植稻米的可能性以及实验的经过。 The study，conducted by a team of researchers from the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville，tested simulated(模拟的) Martian soil to determine its suitability for growing rice.The researchers found that the soil contained all the essential nutrients needed for the crop to grow. However，it would be a bit challenging for the plants to survive in the soil that has perchlorate，a chemical that has been detected on Mars’ surface and can be poisonous to plants. The team grew rice plants in a Martian soil simulant primarily made of Mojave Desert basalt(玄武岩).However，the new-grown plants developed slighter shoots and thinner roots than the plants that grew from the potting mix.Even replacing just 25 percent of the simulant with a potting mix made a big difference，the team found. The team of researchers then conducted an experiment to grow rice in soil containing perchlorate.They used a wild rice variety and two genetically edited varieties，which were designed to stand up to environmental stressors such as drought，and tested them in Mars-simulated soil with and without perchlorate. The study revealed that a concentration of three grams of perchlorate per kilogram of soil resulted in no growth of rice plants.However，when the concentration was reduced to one gram per kilogram，one of the genetically edited lines successfully grew both a shoot and a root，while the wild variety was only able to grow a root. “We want to send humans to Mars but we cannot take everything there.It’s going to be expensive，” said Ramachandran.The discovery could be a game-changer for future missions to Mars，as it could enable astronauts to grow their own food on the planet，reducing the need for costly and complex resupply missions. 5.How did the researchers conduct their study? A.By asking questions. B.By carrying out experiments. C.By making a case study. D.By referring to former studies. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The study，conducted by a team of researchers from the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville，tested simulated(模拟的) Martian soil to determine its suitability for growing rice.”可知，研究人员是通过做实验进行研究的。故选B。 解析 6.Where does the gene-edited variety grow better? A.One kilogram of soil containing one gram of perchlorate. B.One kilogram of soil containing two grams of perchlorate. C.One kilogram of soil containing three grams of perchlorate. D.One kilogram of soil containing four grams of perchlorate. √ 细节理解题。根据第六段“The study revealed that a concentration of three grams of perchlorate per kilogram of soil resulted in no growth of rice plants.However，when the concentration was reduced to one gram per kilogram，one of the genetically edited lines successfully grew both a shoot and a root，while the wild variety was only able to grow a root.”可知，在含有1克高氯酸盐的1公斤土壤中生长的基因编辑品种长得更好。故选A。 解析 7.Why did the researchers want to grow rice on Mars? A.To find a wonderful way to make money. B.To support the growing population on Earth. C.To help astronauts feed themselves on Mars. D.To enable people to eat new varieties of rice. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The discovery could be a game-changer for future missions to Mars，as it could enable astronauts to grow their own food on the planet，reducing the need for costly and complex resupply missions.”可推知，研究者想要在火星上种植水稻是为了帮助宇航员在火星上自给自足。故选C。 解析 √ 8.What’s the best title for the text? A.What Should We Grow on Mars? B.How Did Martian Soil Change over Time? C.People Are Likely to Live on Mars Years Later D.Martian Soil May Have All the Essential Nutrients Rice Needs √ 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，本文主要讲的是火星土壤可能含有水稻种植所需的所有必要养分。由此可知，D项“火星土壤可能含有水稻所需的所有必需营养素”是本文的最佳标题。故选D。 解析 (2025·四川广元高二上期末) As time goes by，remarkable changes have taken place in people’s daily lives. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着时代的发展，人们的日常生活发生了显著变化，包括沟通、交通、购物和娱乐方式等方面。 Ⅴ.七选五阅读 A.People tend to shop online at present. B.They can cover great distances in a short time. C.People’s quality of life is closely related to the times. D.Entertainment has seen a significant transformation too. E.It often took a long time for a letter to reach its destination. F.People had to visit different stores in order to buy different items. G.This has made the world seem smaller and brought people closer. In the past，communication mainly relied on letters and landline phones. 1 People had no choice but to wait patiently. √ 由上文“In the past，communication mainly relied on letters and landline phones.”和下文“People had no choice but to wait patiently.”可知，上文讲述的是过去的沟通方式，下文介绍人们需要耐心等待，本空应介绍过去的沟通方式的弊端。E选项“一封信到达目的地往往需要很长时间”承上启下，具体说明了信件沟通方式的缺点，符合题意。故选E。 解析 A.People tend to shop online at present. B.They can cover great distances in a short time. C.People’s quality of life is closely related to the times. D.Entertainment has seen a significant transformation too. E.It often took a long time for a letter to reach its destination. F.People had to visit different stores in order to buy different items. G.This has made the world seem smaller and brought people closer. Now，with the popularity of smartphones and the Internet，we can instantly connect with anyone around the world through different messaging apps，video calls，and social media platforms. 2 √ 由上文“Now，with the popularity of smartphones and the Internet，we can instantly connect with anyone around the world through different messaging apps，video calls，and social media platforms.”可知，上文讲述的是现代沟通方式的便捷性，本空应强调现代沟通方式的好处。G选项“这使得世界看起来更小了，也拉近了人与人之间的距离”承接上文，进一步说明了现代沟通方式带来的积极影响，符合题意。故选G。 解析 A.People tend to shop online at present. B.They can cover great distances in a short time. C.People’s quality of life is closely related to the times. D.Entertainment has seen a significant transformation too. E.It often took a long time for a letter to reach its destination. F.People had to visit different stores in order to buy different items. G.This has made the world seem smaller and brought people closer. Transportation has also transformed.Decades ago，bicycles and buses were the common means of getting around for most people.Long-distance travel might mean crowded trains with limited facilities.Today，we have high-speed trains. 3 Besides，we have comfortable airplanes that enable us to travel across continents easily. Private cars are also widely available，providing more convenience and flexibility for our trips. √ 由上文“Today，we have high-speed trains.”可知，上文介绍了高铁，本空应强调高铁的好处。B选项“它们可以在短时间内走很远的距离”承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 解析 A.People tend to shop online at present. B.They can cover great distances in a short time. C.People’s quality of life is closely related to the times. D.Entertainment has seen a significant transformation too. E.It often took a long time for a letter to reach its destination. F.People had to visit different stores in order to buy different items. G.This has made the world seem smaller and brought people closer. In terms of shopping，traditional markets and small local stores were the main shopping places in the past. 4 Nowadays，e-commerce(电子商务) has grown rapidly. √ 由上文“In terms of shopping，traditional markets and small local stores were the main shopping places in the past.”可知，上文讲述的是过去的购物方式，下文介绍现在电子商务已经迅速发展以及电子商务的优点，由此可知，空处与上文语义一致，应介绍过去购物方式的不便之处，与下文形成对比。F选项“人们为了买不同的东西，不得不去不同的商店”承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 解析 A.People tend to shop online at present. B.They can cover great distances in a short time. C.People’s quality of life is closely related to the times. D.Entertainment has seen a significant transformation too. E.It often took a long time for a letter to reach its destination. F.People had to visit different stores in order to buy different items. G.This has made the world seem smaller and brought people closer. We can sit at home and order almost everything we need from huge online shopping platforms，and the goods will be delivered to our doorstep.This has saved us a lot of time and effort. 5 In the old days，people might gather around a radio to listen to programs or watch black-and-white TV shows with limited channels. √ 由下文的描述可知，下文对比了过去和现在的娱乐方式的差异，本空作为中心句，应介绍娱乐方式发生了变化。D选项“娱乐方式也发生了显著的变化”概括了本段的主题，符合题意。故选D。 解析 Now，we have a wide range of options such as streaming services with countless movies，TV series，and online games that can be accessed on different devices. In all，the changes in people’s daily lives due to the development of the times are truly astonishing. 本课结束 $