Unit 4 Friends Forever 重点词汇词性转化及单句语法填空-2026-2027学年高一英语外研版必修第一册

该高中英语学习任务单聚焦必修一unit4“friends forever”单元的词汇词性转化与单句语法填空核心内容，系统梳理24组重点词汇的名词、动词、形容词、副词等词性转化，搭建词汇积累基础支架，再通过70道语法填空题覆盖时态、语态、非谓语等语法点，形成从词汇夯实到语法运用的学习脉络。 资料突出语言能力与思维品质的融合培养，通过词性转化训练引导学生建立词汇内在逻辑关联，语法填空设计注重语境应用，强化语法知识的灵活运用。习题梯度分明，从基础转化到综合语法填空，有效提升学生学习能力，助力夯实词汇基础与语法解题效率。

教师版参考答案 一.词性转化 1. familiar adj.(熟悉的) unfamiliar adj.(不熟悉的) familiarly adv.(熟悉地) 2. adventure n.(冒险；奇遇) adventurer n.(冒险家) adventurous adj.(冒险的；爱冒险的) adventurously adv.(冒险地) 3. prefer v.(偏爱；更喜欢) preference n.(偏爱；偏好) preferable adj.(更可取的；更好的) preferably adv.(最好；优先地) 4. advance v.(前进；推进) advance n.(前进；进步) advanced adj.(先进的；高级的) advancement n.(进步；推进) 5. significant adj.(重要的；意义重大的) significantly adv.(显著地；重要地) significance n.(重要性；意义) insignificant adj.(不重要的；无意义的) 6. maintain v.(维持；保持) maintenance n.(维护；保养) 7. unusual adj.(不寻常的；与众不同的) usual adj.(平常的；通常的) usually adv.(通常地) unusually adv.(异常地；不寻常地) 8. tend v.(倾向；易于) tendency n.(倾向；趋势) 9. update v.(更新) update n.(更新) updated adj.(更新的；最新的) 10. illustrate v.(说明；阐明) illustration n.(说明；插图) illustrative adj.(说明性的；作为例证的) 11. inspire v.(鼓舞；激励) inspiration n.(灵感；鼓舞) inspiring adj.(鼓舞人心的) inspired adj.(受鼓舞的；有创造力的) 12. comfort n.(安慰；舒适) comfort v.(安慰) comfortable adj.(舒适的) comfortably adv.(舒适地) uncomfortable adj.(不舒服的) uncomfortably adv.(不舒服地) 13. patient adj.(耐心的) patient n.(病人) patience n.(耐心) patiently adv.(耐心地) impatient adj.(不耐烦的) impatience n.(不耐烦) 14. generous adj.(慷慨的；大方的) generously adv.(慷慨地) generosity n.(慷慨；大方) 15. humour n.(幽默) humorous adj.(幽默的) humorously adv.(幽默地) 16. anxious adj.(焦虑的；担忧的) anxiously adv.(焦虑地) anxiety n.(焦虑；担忧) 17. distant adj.(遥远的；远处的) distance n.(距离) distantly adv.(遥远地) 18. fortune n.(运气；财富) fortunate adj.(幸运的) fortunately adv.(幸运地) unfortunate adj.(不幸的) unfortunately adv.(不幸地) 19. correspond v.(通信；相符) correspondence n.(通信；信件) correspondent n.(通讯员；记者) 20. appoint v.(任命；指定) appointment n.(任命；预约) appointed adj.(指定的；约定的) 21. strike v.(撞击；罢工) strike n.(罢工) striking adj.(引人注目的；显著的) 22. fold v.(折叠) folder n.(文件夹) unfold v.(展开；打开) 23. locate v.(定位；位于) location n.(位置；地点) located adj.(位于……的) 24. surround v.(包围；环绕) surrounding adj.(周围的) surroundings n.(环境；周围的事物) 二.单句语法填空 1. Growing up in a small town, he felt unfamiliar (familiar) with the busy city life at first.（unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的（feel unfamiliar with 对……不熟悉）） 2. The adventurous (adventure) boy planned to travel around the world alone.（adventurous adj. 爱冒险的） 3. Last night, she preferred (prefer) to walk home rather than take a taxi.（last night → 一般过去时） 4. The technology has advanced (advance) greatly in the past decade.（in the past decade → 现在完成时） 5. The new policy has significantly (significant) improved the quality of local education.（significantly adv. 显著地） 6. The ancient temple has been maintained (maintain) by local workers for over a century.（for + 时间段 → 现在完成时被动） 7. The weather has been unusually (unusual) warm this winter.（unusually adv. 异常地） 8. As a child, he tended (tend) to be shy in front of strangers.（As a child → 一般过去时） 9. Yesterday, she updated (update) her blog with photos of the trip.（yesterday → 一般过去时） 10. The professor illustrated (illustrate) his point with a vivid example in yesterday's lecture.（yesterday → 一般过去时） 11. Her speech last night inspired (inspire) many students to take up volunteer work.（last night → 一般过去时） 12. The nurse comforted (comfort) the crying child with a warm hug yesterday.（yesterday → 一般过去时） 13. Teaching young children requires great patience (patient).（patience n. 耐心） 14. The businessman generously (generous) donated a large sum of money to the school last year.（generously adv. 慷慨地） 15. The writer is famous for his humorous (humour) short stories.（humorous adj. 幽默的） 16. The mother waited anxiously (anxious) outside the operating room.（anxiously adv. 焦虑地） 17. The village is within walking distance (distant) of the station.（distance n. 距离（within walking distance 步行可及）） 18. It was fortunate (fortune) that we caught the last train home.（fortunate adj. 幸运的） 19. The two friends corresponded (correspond) with each other regularly when they were at college.（when they were at college → 一般过去时） 20. She was appointed (appoint) as the new manager of the company last month.（last month → 一般过去时被动） 21. Lightning struck (strike) the tall tree during the storm last night.（last night → 一般过去时（strike 过去式 struck）） 22. She folded (fold) the letter carefully and put it into the envelope last night.（last night → 一般过去时） 23. The new library was located (locate) in the east of the city ten years ago.（ten years ago → 一般过去时被动） 24. The old house was surrounded (surround) by tall trees when I first visited it.（when I first visited it → 一般过去时被动） 25. The two old friends greeted each other familiarly (familiar), laughing and joking.（familiarly adv. 亲切地；熟悉地） 26. Since he moved to the countryside, he has preferred (prefer) to spend weekends gardening.（since 引导 → 现在完成时） 27. Advancing (advance) rapidly, technology is changing our lives.（现在分词作状语，主语主动） 28. The discovery of the ancient tomb is of great significance (significant) to historians.（significance n. 重要性（be of great significance 意义重大）） 29. The key to maintaining (maintain) good health is regular exercise.（the key to doing（介词+动名词）） 30. The nurse stayed up all night, tending (tend) to the sick child.（现在分词作伴随状语，主语主动） 31. Remember to update (update) the software before you use it.（remember to do 记得去做） 32. The teacher drew a picture on the board, illustrating (illustrate) how the machine worked.（现在分词作伴随状语，主语主动） 33. The coach stood by the field, inspiring (inspire) the players with loud cheers.（现在分词作伴随状语，主语主动） 34. She tried her best to comfort (comfort) her sad friend.（try one's best to do 尽力去做） 35. She listened patiently (patient) to the old man's long story.（patiently adv. 耐心地） 36. We were deeply moved by her generosity (generous) towards the poor children.（generosity n. 慷慨） 37. Travelling alone can cause a lot of anxiety (anxious) for young children.（anxiety n. 焦虑） 38. The two scientists kept corresponding (correspond) about the new discovery for years.（keep doing 持续做） 39. The board met yesterday to discuss whom to appoint (appoint) as the next director.（疑问词+不定式） 40. The workers decided to strike (strike) for higher pay.（decide to do 决定做） 41. The boy sat on the sofa, folding (fold) his arms across his chest.（现在分词作伴随状语，主语主动） 42. The team spent two days locating (locate) the source of the river.（spend time doing 花费时间做） 43. Surrounded (surround) by green hills, the small village attracts many tourists.（过去分词作状语，表被动） 44. She sat in the corner, preferring (prefer) to stay silent.（现在分词作伴随状语，主语主动） 45. The school has introduced advanced (advance) teaching methods.（advanced adj. 先进的） 46. The old castle was maintained (maintain) by the government last century.（last century → 一般过去时被动） 47. Children show a natural tendency (tend) to copy what adults do.（tendency n. 倾向） 48. Check the app for the latest updates (update) every morning.（update n. 更新（复数）） 49. This theory has been illustrated (illustrate) by many experiments since it was put forward.（since 引导 → 现在完成时被动） 50. Many young people have been inspired (inspire) by his story since the film came out.（since 引导 → 现在完成时被动） 51. The hotel room was clean and comfortable (comfort).（comfortable adj. 舒适的） 52. The doctor has been treating patients (patient) at the hospital since 2015.（patient n. 病人（复数）） 53. What he says never corresponds (correspond) with what he does.（一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数） 54. A new head teacher has been appointed (appoint) to the school since September.（since → 现在完成时被动） 55. The painting made a striking (strike) impression on every visitor.（striking adj. 引人注目的） 56. The clean clothes are folded (fold) and put away every morning.（every morning → 一般现在时被动） 57. The village is located (locate) at the foot of the mountain.（be located at/in 位于） 58. The palace has been surrounded (surround) by a deep moat since it was built.（since → 现在完成时被动） 59. The teacher showed a clear preference (prefer) for short, clear answers.（preference n. 偏爱） 60. Medical advances (advance) have made it possible to cure many diseases.（advance n. 进步（复数）） 61. The road needs regular maintenance (maintain).（maintenance n. 维护；保养） 62. The book is full of colourful illustrations (illustrate).（illustration n. 插图（复数）） 63. Many writers get their inspiration (inspire) from daily life.（inspiration n. 灵感） 64. After years of hard work, he finally enjoyed the simple comforts (comfort) of family life.（comfort n. 舒适（复数，指种种舒适）） 65. We have received much correspondence (correspond) from readers since the article was published.（correspondence n. 信件；通信） 66. Remember to book an appointment (appoint) before you visit the dentist.（appointment n. 预约） 67. The workers have organized three strikes (strike) since last year.（strike n. 罢工（复数）） 68. She saved the document in a new folder (fold) on her computer.（folder n. 文件夹） 69. The map shows the exact location (locate) of the hidden treasure.（location n. 位置；地点） 70. The birds live in the peaceful surroundings (surround) of the forest.（surroundings n. 环境（复数）） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 必修一unit4 friends forever单元重点词汇词性转化及单句语法填空 学生版 一.词性转化 1. ________ adj.(熟悉的) __________ adj.(不熟悉的) __________ adv.(熟悉地) 2. _________ n.(冒险；奇遇) __________ n.(冒险家) ___________ adj.(冒险的；爱冒险的) _____________ adv.(冒险地) 3. ______ v.(偏爱；更喜欢) __________ n.(偏爱；偏好) __________ adj.(更可取的；更好的) __________ adv.(最好；优先地) 4. _______ v.(前进；推进) _______ n.(前进；进步) ________ adj.(先进的；高级的) ___________ n.(进步；推进) 5. ___________ adj.(重要的；意义重大的) _____________ adv.(显著地；重要地) ____________ n.(重要性；意义) _____________ adj.(不重要的；无意义的) 6. ________ v.(维持；保持) ___________ n.(维护；保养) 7. _______ adj.(不寻常的；与众不同的) _____ adj.(平常的；通常的) _______ adv.(通常地) _________ adv.(异常地；不寻常地) 8. ____ v.(倾向；易于) ________ n.(倾向；趋势) 9. ______ v.(更新) ______ n.(更新) _______ adj.(更新的；最新的) 10. __________ v.(说明；阐明) ____________ n.(说明；插图) ____________ adj.(说明性的；作为例证的) 11. _______ v.(鼓舞；激励) ___________ n.(灵感；鼓舞) _________ adj.(鼓舞人心的) ________ adj.(受鼓舞的；有创造力的) 12. _______ n.(安慰；舒适) _______ v.(安慰) ___________ adj.(舒适的) ___________ adv.(舒适地) _____________ adj.(不舒服的) _____________ adv.(不舒服地) 13. _______ adj.(耐心的) _______ n.(病人) ________ n.(耐心) _________ adv.(耐心地) _________ adj.(不耐烦的) __________ n.(不耐烦) 14. ________ adj.(慷慨的；大方的) __________ adv.(慷慨地) __________ n.(慷慨；大方) 15. ______ n.(幽默) ________ adj.(幽默的) __________ adv.(幽默地) 16. _______ adj.(焦虑的；担忧的) _________ adv.(焦虑地) _______ n.(焦虑；担忧) 17. _______ adj.(遥远的；远处的) ________ n.(距离) _________ adv.(遥远地) 18. _______ n.(运气；财富) _________ adj.(幸运的) ___________ adv.(幸运地) ___________ adj.(不幸的) _____________ adv.(不幸地) 19. __________ v.(通信；相符) ______________ n.(通信；信件) _____________ n.(通讯员；记者) 20. _______ v.(任命；指定) ___________ n.(任命；预约) _________ adj.(指定的；约定的) 21. ______ v.(撞击；罢工) ______ n.(罢工) ________ adj.(引人注目的；显著的) 22. ____ v.(折叠) ______ n.(文件夹) ______ v.(展开；打开) 23. ______ v.(定位；位于) ________ n.(位置；地点) _______ adj.(位于……的) 24. ________ v.(包围；环绕) ___________ adj.(周围的) ____________ n.(环境；周围的事物) 二.单句语法填空 1. Growing up in a small town, he felt __________ (familiar) with the busy city life at first. 2. The ___________ (adventure) boy planned to travel around the world alone. 3. Last night, she _________ (prefer) to walk home rather than take a taxi. 4. The technology ____________ (advance) greatly in the past decade. 5. The new policy has _____________ (significant) improved the quality of local education. 6. The ancient temple ___________________ (maintain) by local workers for over a century. 7. The weather has been _________ (unusual) warm this winter. 8. As a child, he ______ (tend) to be shy in front of strangers. 9. Yesterday, she _______ (update) her blog with photos of the trip. 10. The professor ___________ (illustrate) his point with a vivid example in yesterday's lecture. 11. Her speech last night ________ (inspire) many students to take up volunteer work. 12. The nurse _________ (comfort) the crying child with a warm hug yesterday. 13. Teaching young children requires great ________ (patient). 14. The businessman __________ (generous) donated a large sum of money to the school last year. 15. The writer is famous for his ________ (humour) short stories. 16. The mother waited _________ (anxious) outside the operating room. 17. The village is within walking ________ (distant) of the station. 18. It was _________ (fortune) that we caught the last train home. 19. The two friends ____________ (correspond) with each other regularly when they were at college. 20. She _____________ (appoint) as the new manager of the company last month. 21. Lightning ______ (strike) the tall tree during the storm last night. 22. She ______ (fold) the letter carefully and put it into the envelope last night. 23. The new library ___________ (locate) in the east of the city ten years ago. 24. The old house ______________ (surround) by tall trees when I first visited it. 25. The two old friends greeted each other __________ (familiar), laughing and joking. 26. Since he moved to the countryside, he _____________ (prefer) to spend weekends gardening. 27. _________ (advance) rapidly, technology is changing our lives. 28. The discovery of the ancient tomb is of great ____________ (significant) to historians. 29. The key to ___________ (maintain) good health is regular exercise. 30. The nurse stayed up all night, _______ (tend) to the sick child. 31. Remember _________ (update) the software before you use it. 32. The teacher drew a picture on the board, ____________ (illustrate) how the machine worked. 33. The coach stood by the field, _________ (inspire) the players with loud cheers. 34. She tried her best __________ (comfort) her sad friend. 35. She listened _________ (patient) to the old man's long story. 36. We were deeply moved by her __________ (generous) towards the poor children. 37. Travelling alone can cause a lot of _______ (anxious) for young children. 38. The two scientists kept _____________ (correspond) about the new discovery for years. 39. The board met yesterday to discuss whom __________ (appoint) as the next director. 40. The workers decided _________ (strike) for higher pay. 41. The boy sat on the sofa, _______ (fold) his arms across his chest. 42. The team spent two days ________ (locate) the source of the river. 43. __________ (surround) by green hills, the small village attracts many tourists. 44. She sat in the corner, __________ (prefer) to stay silent. 45. The school has introduced ________ (advance) teaching methods. 46. The old castle ______________ (maintain) by the government last century. 47. Children show a natural ________ (tend) to copy what adults do. 48. Check the app for the latest _______ (update) every morning. 49. This theory ____________________ (illustrate) by many experiments since it was put forward. 50. Many young people __________________ (inspire) by his story since the film came out. 51. The hotel room was clean and ___________ (comfort). 52. The doctor has been treating ________ (patient) at the hospital since 2015. 53. What he says never ___________ (correspond) with what he does. 54. A new head teacher __________________ (appoint) to the school since September. 55. The painting made a ________ (strike) impression on every visitor. 56. The clean clothes __________ (fold) and put away every morning. 57. The village __________ (locate) at the foot of the mountain. 58. The palace ___________________ (surround) by a deep moat since it was built. 59. The teacher showed a clear __________ (prefer) for short, clear answers. 60. Medical ________ (advance) have made it possible to cure many diseases. 61. The road needs regular ___________ (maintain). 62. The book is full of colourful _____________ (illustrate). 63. Many writers get their ___________ (inspire) from daily life. 64. After years of hard work, he finally enjoyed the simple ________ (comfort) of family life. 65. We have received much ______________ (correspond) from readers since the article was published. 66. Remember to book an ___________ (appoint) before you visit the dentist. 67. The workers have organized three _______ (strike) since last year. 68. She saved the document in a new ______ (fold) on her computer. 69. The map shows the exact ________ (locate) of the hidden treasure. 70. The birds live in the peaceful ____________ (surround) of the forest. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $