Unit 1 People of Achievement　单元知识滚动练（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（人教版·新教材）

本高中英语讲义聚焦单元核心词汇（如insist on、take up等短语）、语法（非谓语、虚拟语气、从句等）、句子翻译及语篇阅读（人物传记类）和七选五题型，构建从基础词汇语法到语篇理解的递进式学习支架，帮助学生系统巩固前后知识。 资料以分层设计为特色，通过选词填空、语法填空夯实语言基础（语言能力），主题语篇阅读（如欧·亨利、诺贝尔奖得主事迹）渗透文化意识与推理判断（思维品质），七选五任务分解策略提升学习能力。课中辅助教师强化练习，课后助力学生查漏补缺，全面提升综合语言运用能力。

单元知识滚动练 [分值：76.5分] Ⅰ.选词填空(共7小题；每小题2分，满分14分) insist on，take up，conclude with，as a consequence of，have a passion for，under no circumstances，be vital to 1．The scientific theory is vital to us students who are eager to choose physics as our major at university. 2．Each class concludes with a brief outline of the following week’s class introduced by the professor. 3．The famous novelist had to give up his career as a consequence of his poor health. 4．Under no circumstances should you give in to difficulties because hardships make a man of excellence. 5．He left a job in the city with the objective of taking up farming，hoping to make remarkable achievements. 6．The girl insisted on rewriting her rough draft in this way in spite of our opposition. 7．She as well as I has a passion for writing novels，so we often together discuss how to develop plots. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 1．He gently(gentle) said that what I had inferred from the article was perfectly right. 2．During his journey，the traveler encountered some people fleeing(flee) the country. 3．The young man insisted that he (should) be set(set) free at once. 4．Apparently(apparent)，she quit the job because she didn’t have the passion any longer. 5．It is vital for committed(commit) party members to serve the people faithfully. 6．My proposal got refused(refuse) and as a consequence，I was in low spirits. 7．Chinese Academy of Sciences founded(found) in 1949 has been attracting teenagers at home and abroad. 8．With tears flowing(flow) down his face，he didn’t know how to express his gratitude to his teachers. 9．Among the outstanding figures in Chinese history，Cao Cao is my favorite，whose story fully displays his gift and military strategy. 10．What’s more，you may as well join in a summer camp，which not only broadens your horizons but also helps you develop the spirit of teamwork. Ⅲ.完成句子(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分) 1．在分析这些具有挑战性的问题时，你再怎么仔细也不为过。 While analyzing these challenging problems，you can’t be careful enough. 2．法官看着那位政治家，仿佛他在法庭上撒了谎。 The judge looked at the politician as if he had lied at the court. 3．当我发现儿子沉迷于电脑游戏时，我感到坐立不安。 When I found my son addicted to computer games，I felt on pins and needles. 4．一听到这个坏消息，她低下头，悲伤的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。 Upon hearing the bad news，she lowered her head，tears of sadness rolling down her cheeks. 5．那位母亲承认她对她的孩子缺乏耐心，不是一个合格的家长。 The mother acknowledged that she lacked patience with her child and that she wasn’t a qualified parent. Ⅳ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2025·浙江高二上期中) O．Henry(1862－1910) was an American short story author whose real name was William Sydney Porter.Henry’s works reflected his wide range of experiences and are distinctive for its witticism(俏皮话)，clever wordplay，and unexpected twist endings. Like many other writers，O.Henry’s early career aims were unfocused and he wandered across different activities and professions before he finally found his calling as a short story writer.He started working in his uncle’s drugstore in 1879.Later，he moved to Texas where he lived on a farm and learned sheep shepherding，cooking，babysitting，and bits of Spanish and German from the many migrant farmhands. Over the next several years，he took a number of different jobs，from drafting to journalism，and banking，but he was careless with accounting，thus fired by the bank and charged with a crime in 1894.He fled the day before the trial in 1896，first to New Orleans，then to Honduras，where he learned his wife was dying and could not join him，so he returned to Austin and turned himself into the court.His father-in-law helped him out so he could remain with his wife until her death in 1897.Later he was sentenced and served in Federal prison in Ohio from 1898 to 1902. The many twists and turns of O．Henry’s own life，including his travels in Latin America and time spent in prison，clearly inspired his stories’ twists and wordplay.His prolific writing period began in 1902 in New York City，where he wrote many short stories which show his obvious affection for this City and its diversity of people and places.O.Henry’s trademark is his witty，plot-twisting endings，and his warm characterization of the awkward and difficult situations and the creative ways people find to deal with them，which typically features in his work like The Last Leaf，The Gift of the Magi，etc.All of his stories are highly entertaining，whether read for pleasure or studied in classrooms around the world. Unfortunately，O.Henry’s personal tragedy was heavy drinking.He died in 1910 of several diseases.He was a gifted short story writer and left us a rich legacy of great stories to enjoy. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国著名短篇小说家欧·亨利的生平经历。文章通过欧·亨利的人生故事，展现了他在苦难中寻找美和意义的能力，以及苦难对他文学创作的影响。 1．What happened to O．Henry in his early life? A．He took up writing as his lifelong profession early on. B．He had a pretty good command of Spanish and German. C．He engaged himself with numerous jobs to experience life. D．He failed to live a stable life and switched jobs for a living. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like many other writers，O.Henry’s early career aims were unfocused and he wandered across different activities and professions before he finally found his calling as a short story writer.”以及第二、三段对他的生活的描写可知，他早期生活不稳定，换了很多工作来维持生计，故选D。 2．What does the underlined word “prolific” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Relevant. B．Productive. C．Profitable. D．Original. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，他的写作时期始于1902年的纽约市，在那里他写了很多短篇小说，所以prolific意为“多产的”，故选B。 3．Which of the following words can best describe O．Henry’s works? A．Educational and tragic. B．Unpredictable and serious. C．Fascinating and twisty. D．Extraordinary and formal. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句可知，欧·亨利的作品特点是诙谐、情节曲折的结局，并且他写的故事都极具娱乐性，故选C。 4．What does O．Henry’s life story convey? A．More haste，less speed. B．Time and tide wait for no man. C．He who laughs last laughs best. D．Suffering is a stepping stone to genius. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。通读全文可知，欧·亨利一生经历坎坷，他早期职业目标并不明确，在不同的活动和职业中徘徊，生活曲折，甚至还有入狱的经历，但这些经历激发了他的写作灵感，使他成为一位极具天赋的短篇小说家，所以他的人生故事传达了“苦难对于天才是一块垫脚石”的观点，故选D。 B (2025·河北石家庄高二上期中) One of the winners of Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2022 was Danish scientist Morten Meldal.When describing his career，Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world.” Meldal’s experience may come as a surprise to students.They might believe they have to center their work and school lives in one field to be successful.But a study from professors at Michigan State University shows that is not always the case. Michele Root-Bernstein and Robert Root-Bernstein (her husband) published their study in the Creativity Research Journal.They said that a large number of Nobel Prize winners can be described as “polymaths”． The writers looked at past Nobel Prize winners and their students.They decided that when students of winners go on to win Nobel Prizes，some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many interests.They are，in a way，learning how to be creative. Having many interests，the Root-Bernsteins wrote，permits scientists to look for creative ways to solve problems.In fact，one important part of science is not discovering answers，but recognizing problems that need to be solved. The prize winners，the Root-Bernsteins said，transfer “skills，techniques and materials from one field to another.” They said Alexis Carrel won his Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1912 by using techniques he learned from the clothing business.He realized that people who used thread to make and fix clothing had a skill that could be used in operations to put new organs into people’s bodies. The Michigan State University professors study creativity.They found Nobel winners are nine times more likely to have experience in working with wood，metal or in the arts than most scientists.The researchers say that unlike many people who spend long hours at work and give up some of their outside interests，Nobel winners believe their hobbies are important to creativity. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了一项研究发现，许多诺贝尔奖获得者都是博学多才的人，他们有广泛的兴趣爱好，而这对创造力非常重要。 5．What comes as a surprise to students according to the passage? A．Meldal’s winning Nobel Prize. B．Meldal’s original working field. C．Meldal’s desire to understand the world. D．Meldal’s study with Michigan State University. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段的“When describing his career，Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he ‘wanted to understand the world.’”和第二段的“Meldal’s experience may come as a surprise to students.They might believe they have to center their work and school lives in one field to be successful.”可知，学生们可能认为自己必须集中精力于一个领域才能获得成功，但Meldal却不是这样，他最初是工程师，后来才转学化学，他的经历让学生们很吃惊。由此可推测出，学生们感到惊讶的是Meldal最初的工作领域。故选B。 6．What kind of people can be sorted as “polymaths”？ A．People who are equipped with various interests. B．People who are dedicated to one certain field. C．People who are committed lifelong to their career. D．People who are admired for established achievements. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段的“They said that a large number of Nobel Prize winners can be described as ‘polymaths’．”和第四段的“They decided that when students of winners go on to win Nobel Prizes，some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many interests.”可推知，有各种各样兴趣爱好的人可以被归类为“博学的人”。故选A。 7．What’s the author’s attitude towards the Root-Bernsteins’ discovery? A．Subjective. B．Doubtful. C．Objective. D．Opposed. 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。根据第五段的“Having many interests，the Root-Bernsteins wrote，permits scientists to look for creative ways to solve problems.”和第六段的“The prize winners，the Root-Bernsteins said，transfer ‘skills，techniques and materials from one field to another.’”可知，本文作者只是转述Root-Bernstein夫妇的发现，因此作者对于Root-Bernstein夫妇的发现持客观态度，故选C。 8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．A Creative Scientist B．An Amazing Rise to Fame C．A Born Nobel Prize Winner D．A Secret to Winning Top Prize 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Michele Root-Bernstein and Robert Root-Bernstein (her husband) published their study in the Creativity Research Journal.They said that a large number of Nobel Prize winners can be described as ‘polymaths’．”可知，本文主要讲的是研究发现，许多诺贝尔奖获得者是博学多才的人，这可以说是获得诺贝尔奖的秘诀，因此D选项“A Secret to Winning Top Prize”适合作为本文标题，故选D。 Ⅴ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) (2024·浙江湖州高二上期末) When you have mountains of homework and studying ahead，getting started can seem like an impossible task. 1 Read on to learn how to stop procrastinating(拖延) on studying，focus even when you’re tired，and get motivated to do your schoolwork! Start with your easiest task to get the ball rolling. 2 When you really don’t feel like getting started，it’s better to set yourself up for a quick win.Try working from the shortest to the most time-intensive task，and work from easiest project to the hardest.Once you finish a small step or two，you’ll get an awesome sense of accomplishment that’ll make it easier to keep going! 　3　 Pick a few tasks you can accomplish in just one sitting.Divide your larger studying goals into small，concrete steps.Identify specific，achievable goals that you can work on one at a time.This way，you can make good progress，and achieving each goal will make you feel accomplished at the end of your study session. Reward yourself when you complete a task.Treat yourself to help you stay motivated and make studying fun.If you’re in the middle of a study session，you can take a quick walk，eat a granola bar，or listen to a favorite song. 4 Work with your friends or a tutor.Positive peer pressure can be a great motivator! Unless working with others creates more of a distraction，find a study buddy or group you can collaborate with. 5 If group studying doesn’t work for you，find a tutor who can help you work through your assignments. A．Break down your work into smaller pieces. B．Set goals together，and check up along the way. C．Make things less stressful by starting with just a small task. D．Try a fresh approach to your studies if you’re sick of reading and writing. E．We’ll teach you how to get into the right frame of mind before you start studying. F．If you’ve finished your study session，feel free to wind down by playing a video game. G．If you’re to attend a college，each small study meeting will get you closer to your dream. 1．答案　E 解析　根据上文“When you have mountains of homework and studying ahead，getting started can seem like an impossible task.”以及下文“Read on to learn how to stop procrastinating (拖延) on studying，focus even when you’re tired，and get motivated to do your schoolwork！”可知，E选项“我们会教你如何在开始学习之前拥有正确的心态”承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 2．答案　C 解析　根据上文“Start with your easiest task to get the ball rolling.”以及下文“When you really don’t feel like getting started，...you’ll get an awesome sense of accomplishment that’ll make it easier to keep going！”可知，本段的建议是从最简单的任务开始。故C选项“从一个小任务开始，减轻压力”符合语境，故选C。 3．答案　A 解析　根据下文“Pick a few tasks you can accomplish in just one sitting.Divide your larger studying goals into small，concrete steps.”可知，本段的建议是把大的工作或任务分成小的、具体的步骤，故A选项“把你的工作分成更小的部分”符合语境，故选A。 4．答案　F 解析　根据上文“Reward yourself when you complete a task...or listen to a favorite song.”可知，本段建议完成任务后奖励自己。故F选项“如果你已经完成了学习，可以打个电子游戏放松一下”符合语境，故选F。 5．答案　B 解析　根据上文“Work with your friends or a tutor...find a study buddy or group you can collaborate with.”可知，本句承接上文具体说明如何和学习伙伴或小组一起学习，故B选项“共同设定目标，并在此过程中进行检查”符合语境，故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $