UNIT 5 Section Ⅲ Lesson 2 The Objectives（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（北师大版·新教材）

本讲义围绕“教育目标”核心知识点，通过高考形式选择填空及精听训练（含音频材料）强化听力理解，结合surrounding、responsibility等词汇的用法及写作佳句拓展语言知识，再以单词拼写、语法填空、主题语篇阅读和完形填空构建从输入到输出的学习支架。 资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如听力填空训练信息抓取与精准表达，主题语篇阅读（如AQ、hygge话题）引导分析与推断。词汇讲解结合高考写作实例，助力文化意识提升。课中辅助教师分层教学，课后可作为学生自主复习、查漏补缺的有效资源。

Section Ⅲ　Lesson 2　The Objectives of Education Ⅰ.选择填空(高考形式)(教材P34) Listen to 5.4 & 5.5 on P34 and choose the best answer. 1．Where does “education” come from? A．The Latin. B．English. C．Chinese. 答案　A 2．What are the objectives of education? A．To gain knowledge，to prepare a person for well-rounded and social life. B．To gain knowledge，to learn to read and to make people contribute to society. C．To develop skills，to continue learning and to form the value of right and wrong. 答案　A 3．Why is education important? A．Because it can help people establish the right values. B．Because it can help people become responsible citizens. C．Because it can make people and society develop. 答案　C Ⅱ.听力填空(精听训练) Listen to the Q & A session of the lecture on P35 again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear. (S＝A student　J＝Professor James) S：Professor James，thank you very much for the very insightful talk.It makes me rethink the 1.objectives of education.My question is：in order to 2.achieve the main objectives of education，what should teachers and students do respectively? J：That is a very good question.Let’s first talk about teachers’ 3.responsibility.I think a teacher’s top priority is to facilitate students’ learning.That means a teacher’s job is not just to 4.pass on knowledge and skills to students，but it’s more important to stimulate students’ 5.interests in learning and teach them to think critically and 6.creatively.Also，a teacher needs to support students’ learning by providing rich 7.resources and helping them learn to use the right strategies to make learning more 8.effective. S：Thank you.What about the students’ responsibility? J：Well，I believe it is the students’ responsibility to take the initiative to become autonomous learners.That’s why students need to have clear learning 9.goals for themselves and to learn how to analyse，compare and 10.evaluate what is taught.Another thing that’s important for students is that they need to make proper judgements to guide their own beliefs and actions，and it’s a brilliant idea to demonstrate what they have learnt when assessed. S：Thank you. surrounding adj.四周的，附近的 [surround v．包围；围绕；环绕 surroundings n．(pl.)环境] surround...with...用……包围…… be surrounded by/with...被……包围 (1)He was a brilliant figure，who was well-educated and brought up in superb surroundings(surrounding)． (2)The old couple were said to be on good terms with surrounding(surround) neighbours. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之求助信)您可以给我一些关于如何适应陌生环境的有益的建议吗？ Would you please offer me some beneficial advice on how to adapt to the unfamiliar surroundings? (4)(2024·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)受到美景的启发，我决定创作一幅水彩画，画的是公园池塘上的小桥，周围是盛开的鲜花。 Inspired by the fantastic scenery，I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond，surrounded by blooming flowers. behave v．举动；(举止或行为)表现[behaviour n．(＝behavior)行为；举止；习性] ·behave oneself/well守规矩/举止得体 behave badly表现差 ·well-behaved adj.表现好的 badly-behaved adj.表现差的 (1)The young man behaved badly(bad)，which made his girlfriend disappointed. (2)What do you think of the comedian’s behavio(u)r(behave) on stage that day? [写作佳句] (3)(话题写作之传统文化)强烈建议你参加晚宴时举止得体。作为一个举止得体的客人，你不应该把筷子插在食物里，或者用筷子指着其他人。 It is highly suggested that you (should) behave yourself/well when attending feasts.As a well-behaved guest，you shouldn’t stick your chopsticks in the food or point them at others. conclusion n．结论；结束[conclude v．(使)结束；推断出，断定] ·to conclude最后 conclude sth with sth/by doing sth以(做)……结束某事 ·arrive at/reach/come to/draw a conclusion得出结论 in conclusion总之；最后 (1)The comedian concluded her performance with a funny joke，which made the audience laugh loudly. (2)In conclusion(conclude)，not only have I tried something new in the activity，but it allows me to take on responsibilities. [写作佳句] (3)从这件事我们得出结论：我们应该珍惜现在的时刻，充实地过好每一天。 From the incident we come to/draw/arrive at/reach the conclusion that we should cherish the present moment and live every day to the full(est)． responsibility n．责任；职责(responsible adj.有责任，负责) ·take responsibility for sth对……负责 It is sb’s responsibility to do sth.做某事是某人的职责/责任。 ·be responsible for sth对……负责 (1)I am convinced that childhood activities help a child develop a sense of responsibility(responsible)． (2)In his opinion，as a doctor，it is his responsibility to help(help) patients recover from illnesses. [写作佳句] (3)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)我们应该对我们自己的行为负责，尽全力去保护海洋不受污染。 We are supposed to be responsible for/take responsibility for our own behaviour and spare no effort to protect oceans from being polluted. 训练3　Lesson 2 [分值：60分] Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 1．Attention，please！Let me demonstrate to you some of the difficulties we have encountered. 2．Under these circumstances，you might agree with us that he deserved punishment. 3．There is little doubt that the music festival will stimulate us to gain well-rounded development. 4．When I stood there，the surrounding(周围的) scenery attracted my attention accidentally. 5．They all said that he，the man of integrity，achieved his objective more by luck than by judg(e)ment. 6．Fortunately，I managed to stand out among all these brilliant candidates and survive the last alone. 7．So far，several computer engineers have been contracted to the finance(财政) department. 8．Not only the soldiers but also each of the citizens(市民) should take responsibility to defend our country. 9．He was distinguished for his knowledge of economics(经济学) and was elected as head of the economic school. 10．As far as we are concerned，the government should give top priority(优先) to building a few more secondary high schools. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 1．The agent should take responsibility for the failure of the plan as well. 2．Their sons，Ben and Jonathan，were three and six respectively(respective)． 3．When you are taken to your uncle’s，you should mind your behavio(u)r(behave)． 4．Charlie is very polite to everybody，so he must be an educated(educate) person. 5．Without doubt，it is trust and equality that contribute to their cooperation. 6．He continued speaking loudly in the meeting room，regardless of my feelings on the matter. 7．If you don’t know the definition(define) of a word，you can read the next sentence or two. 8．There is much assessment(assess) of the damage that mankind has done to the environment. 9．In conclusion，a man full of wisdom will give a second thought to these ratings before buying some products or services. 10．Exposure/Being exposed(expose) to various information about Mars ever since my childhood has been stimulating my interest in the planet. Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2024·河南洛阳高二上期末) We’ve all heard of IQ，and EQ，but have you heard of AQ? AQ stands for adversity(逆境) quotient and measures your ability to deal with the ups and downs of life.Being able to handle these rough patches we all go through is not only important in our personal lives but in our professional lives too.So how can we learn to be more resilient? Adverse situations can take us by surprise and shock us.In the workplace，it could be in the form of firings，the company we work for going under or being restructured，or even missing out on a promotion.Failed friendships and relationships，financial hard times and even deaths are things that can occur outside of work.AQ measures our ability to go through the shocks when life throws curveballs at us—how likely we are to deal with these situations.It can be used to predict our attitudes，perseverance，longevity，and the way we learn from changes in environment. Luckily，there are some steps you can take to help you be more resilient in the face of adversity.First，try and find a meaningful goal.Adaptable people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome，seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goals.Learning to relax and regulate your emotions is another key step—one way to help you destress is by practicing breathing exercises.Similarly，thinking about things and letting them get to you can cause you to be stressed.See difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow emotionally.Finally，make sure you have a good social support network.Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help. Things happen in life we can’t prevent—and sometimes they aren’t pleasant.But，taking a few steps to be more resilient can make them a little easier to get through. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了逆境商数的定义以及一些让我们在逆境中更具适应力的方法。 1．What adversities are mentioned that may occur in the workplace? A．Being punished. B．Failed relationships C．Missing out on a promotion. D．The company being maintained. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“In the workplace，it could be in the form of firings，the company we work for going under or being restructured，or even missing out on a promotion.”可知，工作场所可能出现的逆境是错过晋升的机会。故选C。 2．What can someone with a high AQ supposedly do in tough situations? A．They can manage their emotions. B．They can get themselves promoted. C．They can achieve their goals easily. D．They can avoid adversities properly. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段的“AQ measures our ability to go through the shocks when life throws curveballs at us...and the way we learn from changes in environment.”和第三段的“Learning to relax and regulate your emotions is another key step...to learn and grow emotionally.”可推知，拥有高逆境商数的人在面对困境时能更好地管理自己的情绪。故选A。 3．Why does having a meaningful goal help in adverse situations? A．You can concentrate more on a desired result. B．You can forget about the unpleasant situations. C．You can see clearly a bump on the way to success. D．You can completely ignore your negative situations. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的“First，try and find a meaningful goal.Adaptable people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome，seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goals.”可知，在不利的情况下有一个有意义的目标可以让你更加专注于想要的结果。故选A。 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．EQ：IQ：AQ B．How to Be More Resilient C．What Is Adversity Quotient? D．Be Brave in the Face of Adversity 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段的“AQ stands for adversity quotient and measures your ability to deal with the ups and downs of life...So how can we learn to be more resilient？”以及最后一段的“But，taking a few steps to be more resilient can make them a little easier to get through.”可知，文章介绍了逆境商数的定义以及一些让我们在逆境中更具适应力的方法。所以“如何更具适应力”是本文的最佳标题。故选B。 B (2024·河北石家庄高二上期末) You’ve heard the phrase “home for the holidays”，but I would like to introduce a new phrase：hygge for the holidays.A hygge holiday is all about peaceful，quiet and cozy(温暖舒适的) surroundings.Sounds perfect，doesn’t it？Holiday hygge is easy and comforting.Most people are already doing at least some of these simple hygge holidays without even knowing it. Hygge is a Danish word originally coming from an old Norwegian word meaning well-being and protection from the outside harm.It’s known that winters in Denmark are severe and last long.The concept of hygge has been used by Danish people to keep themselves mentally positive in the dark winter season and fill their homes with comfort and love. Hygge is a very important word to Danish people，often used to describe what their culture is all about and it is not necessarily a thing，something you can buy，but rather more of something you feel.Hygge really is a reflection of one aspect of Danish living，and，happily，in the last five years the concept of hygge has made its way to the US and many other countries.I mean what’s not to like about nurturing(培育)peace and quiet and coziness? Here are some more descriptive words for hygge：comfort，familiarity，friendship，laughter，and even seasonal homemade food and drinks.While it is possible to achieve hygge any time of the year with hygge activities—an outdoor BBQ with friends and a movie under the stars with family are good examples of summertime hygge，it is most commonly associated with the colder months because of its ability to lift one’s spirits during dark winter months. Hygge is the most suitable for the November and December holiday season because it’s all about peaceful and cozy surroundings that fill you with contentment.There is indeed something you can do to bring holiday hygge into your home this season. 语篇解读　本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种度假模式——“hygge for the holidays”。 5．Why do Danish people choose a hygge holiday? A．To deal with cold and long winters. B．To follow the latest holiday trend. C．To fight against nature physically. D．To spend more time with their family. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“It’s known that winters in Denmark are severe and last long.The concept of hygge has been used by Danish people to keep themselves mentally positive in the dark winter season and fill their homes with comfort and love.”可知，丹麦人选择hygge这样的度假方式是为了应对寒冷漫长的冬季。故选A。 6．How does the author find hygge? A．It reflects Danish living totally. B．It is mainly about some feeling. C．It is limited to Denmark and the US. D．It represents ancient Danish culture. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段首句“Hygge is a very important word to Danish people，often used to describe what their culture is all about and it is not necessarily a thing，something you can buy，but rather more of something you feel.”可知，作者认为这种度假方式重在感觉。故选B。 7．What message is conveyed in paragraph 4? A．People do hygge in more ways. B．Hygge is preferred in summertime. C．Hygge is still perfect for winter. D．People access hygge in certain time. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中“...it is most commonly associated with the colder months because of its ability to lift one’s spirits during dark winter months.”可知，虽然现在在一年中的任何时候都可以进行hygge活动，但作者强调的是这种度假方式仍然最适合冬季。故选C。 8．What might the author go on to talk about? A．Ways of hygge celebrations. B．Tips on achieving hygge. C．Different opinions about hygge. D．Benefits of bringing hygge into home. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There is indeed something you can do to bring holiday hygge into your home this season.”可推断出作者接下来可能会介绍一些能帮助你把hygge带回家的途径，即获取hygge的方法。故选B。 Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) One spring evening，I was incredibly worn after a long day of school.I wished for 1 but I had to drag my heavy feet to the violin studio. I was playing Moldau to Kate，my teacher.I simply couldn’t play with 2 ，though.While I followed all the 3 on the sheet music，I still 4 to make music describing spring with full-blown flowers sound like flowers dying bitter deaths.Kate 5 attentively and then frowned(皱眉)，asking me what the piece’s mood was.I stared at her， 6 . Pulling out paper and a pencil，she asked，“Can you 7 an image of what you think a typical day in the forest during spring would look like？” Hesitantly，I started to let my 8 fly.Soon a scenic forest full of life was 9 in my mind. Minutes later，I completed my drawing.“Now，play the piece again with this 10 imagery in your mind，” Kate said.I closed my eyes and began to play，just as its theme was introduced，with 11 expression I had never done before. As I 12 the piece，there followed a short silence before Kate said，“That’s the best playing I’ve ever heard from you.” Her eyes were shining.“Who knew painting out the scenery would help you better 13 the music？Sometimes all we need is to use our creativity and try different methods when facing difficulties.” The 14 violin lesson taught me more than just music.I also learned a valuable 15 skill，which I applied to my daily life. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。作者完成了一天的学习之后，在很疲惫的状态下去上音乐课，演奏的曲子很不理想，凯特老师让他画出春天森林里的美景，并用这种感情去演奏，结果却演奏出了从来没有过的高水平。 1．A.care B．relaxation C．freedom D．motivation 答案　B 解析　care关心；relaxation放松；freedom自由；motivation动机。根据上文“I was incredibly worn after a long day of school”可知，作者经过了一整天的学习，感到很疲惫，所以渴望放松休息，故选B。 2．A.courage B．concern C．wisdom D．emotion 答案　D 解析　courage勇气；concern关心；wisdom智慧；emotion情感。根据上文“I wished for but I had to drag my heavy feet to the violin studio.”可知，作者很疲惫却仍然要上小提琴课，故可推理出作者演奏时感情不充分，故选D。 3．A.numbers B．standards C．notes D．lines 答案　C 解析　number数字；standard标准；note音符；line队伍。根据下文“on the sheet music”可知，乐谱上的内容是音符，故选C。 4．A.failed B．desired C．managed D．offered 答案　C 解析　manage勉力完成，设法做某事。根据下文“make music describing spring with full-blown flowers sound like flowers dying bitter deaths”可知，但我仍然设法把描述春天的音乐演奏得听起来像是花朵要在苦涩中死去，故选C。 5．A.watched B．listened C．performed D．prayed 答案　B 解析　根据下文“asking me what the piece’s mood was”可知，凯特问我用什么心情弹这首曲子的，由此可推理出凯特认真听了我的演奏，故选B。 6．A.blankly B．angrily C．enviously D．gratefully 答案　A 解析　blankly茫然地；angrily生气地；enviously满怀嫉妒地；gratefully感激地。根据上文“Kate attentively and then frowned(皱眉)，asking me what the piece’s mood was.”可推理出老师对我的演奏不满意，分析四个选项，A项“blankly”表达的含义符合语境，表示“我一脸茫然地盯着她”，故选A。 7．A.shoot B．evaluate C．sculpt D．draw 答案　D 解析　shoot射击；evaluate评估；sculpt雕刻；draw画。根据下文“I completed my drawing”可知，老师拿出纸和笔是让作者画一幅画，故选D。 8．A.personality B．imagination C．ambition D．curiosity 答案　B 解析　personality性格；imagination想象力；ambition雄心壮志；curiosity好奇心。根据下文“Soon a scenic forest full of life was in my mind.”可知，作者脑海里浮现出了一片充满生机的风景如画的森林，这是作者放飞想象力的结果，故选B。 9．A.pictured B．replaced C．identified D．explored 答案　A 解析　picture想象；replace代替；identify识别；explore探索。根据上文“a scenic forest full of life”可知，作者在放飞自己的想象力之后，想象出了一片充满生机的风景如画的森林，空处应填表示“想象”含义的动词，故选A。 10．A.messy B．amusing C．vivid D．strange 答案　C 解析　messy凌乱的；amusing有趣的；vivid生动的；strange奇怪的。根据上文“Soon a scenic forest full of life was in my mind.”可知充满生机的风景如画的森林是作者想象出来的，很生动，故选C。 11．A.common B．brief C．childish D．exceptional 答案　D 解析　common常见的；brief短暂的；childish孩子气的；exceptional超常的。根据下文“I had never done before”可知，现在作者投入的感情是以前从来都没有过的，是超常的，故选D。 12．A.wrapped up B．noted down C．reflected on D．set about 答案　A 解析　wrap up圆满完成；note down记下；reflect on回忆；set about开始。根据下文“That’s the best playing I’ve ever heard from you.”可知，凯特老师夸奖了作者的演奏，故可推理出此处指曲子演奏结束，故选A。 13．A.preserve B．spread C．interpret D．compose 答案　C 解析　preserve保护；spread展开；interpret诠释，领会；compose创作。根据上文“painting out the scenery”可知，作者把风景画出来，并带着这种心情弹奏出了之前从来都没有过的最好的曲子，由此可推理出绘画帮助作者更好地诠释了音乐，故选C。 14．A.inspiring B．confusing C．shameful D．adventurous 答案　A 解析　inspiring鼓舞人心的；confusing令人困惑的；shameful可耻的；adventurous大胆开拓的。根据上文“一开始作者演奏得不理想，后来凯特老师让他画出春天森林里的美景，并用这种感情去演奏，结果却演奏出了从来没有过的高水平”可知，这是一节鼓舞人心的小提琴课，故选A。 15．A.information-sorting B．problem-solving C．critical-thinking D．decision-making 答案　B 解析　information-sorting信息分类；problem-solving解决问题；critical-thinking批判性思维；decision-making决策。根据上文“Sometimes all we need is to use our creativity and try different methods when facing difficulties.”可知，作者明白了在面临困难时，我们需要发挥我们的创造力，尝试不同的方法，故作者学会的是解决问题的能力，故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $