UNIT 5 Education 培优提能练(二)（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（北师大版·新教材）

本讲义聚焦高中英语语言技能综合训练，涵盖主题语篇阅读（信息获取与推理）、七选五（语篇衔接）、完形填空（语境词汇）、语法填空（语法应用）四大模块，构建从输入理解到输出表达的学习支架，系统提升学生语言理解与表达能力。 该资料特色在于语篇选材贴近生活，如棋盘游戏与数学技能、文化遗产保护等主题，激发学习兴趣。题目设计注重思维训练，如推理判断、词义猜测等题型提升思维品质，融入文化元素培养文化意识。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后多样化练习帮助学生查漏补缺，巩固语言能力。

培优提能练(二) [分值：62.5分] Ⅰ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2024·河南高二上期末) It is no secret that play-based learning improves the cognitive，physical，social，and emotional well-being of children.Researchers now believe that certain board games，like Chutes and Ladders and Monopoly，can also help enhance their math skills. The team at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile in Santiago，Chile，came to this conclusion after analyzing the results of 19 studies.They were conducted between 2000 and 2023.All but one of the studies focused on the relationship between math skills and board games. In these studies，kids aged 3－9 played board games under the supervision(监督) of teachers or trained adults.The 20-minute sessions were held twice a week for about six weeks.In some cases，one set of kids(the intervention group) played number-centric board games，while the other(the control group) played board games that did not require math skills.In other studies，both the intervention and control groups played number-based games.They were，however，given different games，like Monopoly and Dominoes. The participants’ math skills were assessed before and after each study.The researchers looked for improvement in four key categories.They included the ability to name numbers and demonstrate simple number knowledge—such as “nine is greater than three.” Changes in the kids’ abilities to add and subtract and their interest in math were also noted. The results of the study were published in the journal Early Years on July 6,2023.It revealed that playing board games helps improve the children’s math skills in over half of the four areas.Additionally，nearly a third of the children in the intervention groups scored higher on math tests than those in the control groups. The researchers hope their findings will inspire the creation of new board games specially designed for classroom learning.Meanwhile，boost your math skills by organizing a game a night or two with family and friends this summer—it all adds up! 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员认为某些棋盘游戏可以提高儿童的数学技能，并介绍了相关研究开展的经过以及研究的发现。 1．What’s the researchers’ attitude towards the relationship between play-based learning and children’s well-being? A．Negative. B．Indifferent. C．Doubtful. D．Positive. 答案　D 解析　观点态度题。根据第一段内容(以游戏为基础的学习可以提高儿童的认知、身体、社交及情感健康的水平已经不是秘密。研究人员现在认为，某些棋盘游戏，如蛇梯棋和大富翁，也可以帮助提高他们的数学技能)可推知，研究人员对以游戏为基础的学习与儿童健康水平之间的关系持积极态度。故选D。 2．How were the participants’ math skills assessed? A．By giving examples. B．By asking questions. C．By making comparisons. D．By providing definitions. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段首句“The participants’ math skills were assessed before and after each study.(参与者的数学能力在每次研究前后都被评估)”和第五段末句可知，参与者的数学能力是通过比较来评估的。故选C。 3．What do the researchers hope their findings will inspire? A．The improvement of social and emotional well-being in children. B．The creation of new board games for classroom learning. C．The introduction of play-based learning in schools. D．The use of board games for physical development. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段首句“The researchers hope their findings will inspire the creation of new board games specially designed for classroom learning.(研究人员希望他们的发现能激发出专门为课堂学习设计的新型棋盘游戏)”可知，研究人员希望他们的发现能启发人们为课堂学习创造新的棋盘游戏。故选B。 4．What is the main focus of the text? A．The benefits of board games to children. B．The solution to improving children’s math skills. C．The results of a study on board games and math skills. D．The need for new board games for classroom learning. 答案　A 解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段内容并结合文章主要说明了研究人员认为某些棋盘游戏可以提高儿童的数学技能，并介绍了相关研究开展的经过以及研究的发现可推知，文章的主旨是棋盘游戏对儿童的好处。故选A。 B (2024·山东烟台高二上期末) High engagement，high return.That’s the advice from education experts at the University of South Australia for teachers looking to improve student outcomes. Filming and assessing(评估) the content of classrooms across South Australia and Victoria，researchers found in a new study that nearly 70% of student tasks involved superficial learning—simple question and answers，taking notes，or listening to teachers—rather than activities that engage students on a deeper level.Less than a third of teachers are engaging students in complicated learning，limiting student opportunities for critical thinking and problem solving. UniSA researcher，Dr.Stephenson，highlights teachers need more support to plan interactive and constructive lessons that promote deep learning.“The greater the engagement，the deeper the learning.Deep learning requires the organization of knowledge into conceptual structures，which improves information memory and learning outcomes.It also supports the development of innovative thinking.Even small changes to teachers’ existing lesson plans and teaching methods can vastly increase student engagement and overall results，” he says. “At a base level，teachers should consider how they can adjust their existing classroom activities so that more tasks are on the deeper end of learning.Take for example，watching a video.Students can silently watch a video(which is ‘passive’)；watch a video and take notes using the presenter’s words(which is ‘active’)；write questions that occur for them while watching the video(which is ‘constructive’)；or watch a video and discuss it with another student to generate different ideas(which is ‘interactive’)．Interactive engagement in classrooms motivates students to develop deeper understanding.They’re making judgments，suggesting and commenting on arguments and opinions，and working out solutions to problems，” Dr.Stephenson says. Interestingly，many teachers seem not to know or fully appreciate the importance of how their lesson tasks can stimulate different modes of student engagement.“Even changing class activities from ‘active’ to ‘constructive’ can go a long way towards improving student leaning，” Dr.Stephenson says.“Teachers should undertake professional development to transform their thinking towards practices that support deeper-learning and better outcomes for students.” 语篇解读　本文是说明文。文章介绍了在学习中学生的参与度越高，学习就越深入，教师应该进行专业发展，将他们的思维转变为支持更深入学习和为学生带来更好学习成果的实践。 5．What does the underlined word “superficial” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Shallow. B．Productive. C．Confusing. D．Challenging. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段的“nearly 70% of student tasks involved superficial learning—simple question and answers，taking notes，or listening to teachers—rather than activities that engage students on a deeper level(近70%的学生任务涉及superficial学习——简单的问答、做笔记或听老师讲课——而不是让学生进行更深层次的活动)”可知，画线词下文对superficial学习进行了解释，对比让学生进行更深层次的活动，由此可知，画线词意为“肤浅的”。故选A。 6．What are most student in-class tasks like according to the study? A．They make classes lively and fun. B．They achieve no desired results. C．They contribute to students’ deep thinking. D．They stop students from concentration. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段“...researchers found in a new study that...and problem solving.(……研究人员在一项新研究中发现，近70%的学生任务涉及肤浅的学习——简单的问答、做笔记或听老师讲课——而不是让学生参与更深层次的活动。不到三分之一的教师让学生参与复杂的学习，限制了学生批判性思维和解决问题的机会)”可知，根据研究，大多数学生的课堂任务没有达到预期的结果。故选B。 7．If students attend a lesson about Western and Eastern cultures，which activity works best? A．A group debate. B．A film screening. C．A reading contest. D．A retelling exercise. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段的“or watch a video and discuss it with another student to...and working out solutions to problems(或者看一段视频，并与另一个学生讨论以产生不同的想法，这是‘互动的’。课堂上的互动参与激励学生加深理解。他们做出判断，对论点和观点提出建议和评论，并制定问题的解决方案)”可推知，如果学生参加有关西方和东方文化的课程，进行小组辩论活动效果最好。故选A。 8．What does Dr.Stephenson suggest teachers do for better student outcomes? A．Increase class activities. B．Interact with students after class. C．Upgrade teaching strategies. D．Engage students in more self-study. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Teachers should undertake professional development to transform their thinking towards practices that support deeper-learning and better outcomes for students.(教师应该进行专业发展，将他们的思维转变为支持更深入学习和为学生带来更好学习成果的实践)”可知，斯蒂芬森博士建议教师升级教学策略以使学生取得更好的学习成绩。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) (2024·安徽马鞍山高二上期末) It is believed that it’s dangerous to have plants in the bedroom.Plants take in carbon dioxide(CO2) and produce oxygen(氧气) in the day. 1 The build-up of CO2 is a real problem for indoor air quality，which has been shown to influence health，so it is easy to see where the concern comes from.But to consider whether sharing our bedroom with our plants can harm health，we should consider three things. Firstly，how much CO2 do plants produce at night compared with what they take in during the day？ 2 For the answer depends on everything from species to light levels and even room temperature.Thankfully，in 2015，researchers at Turkey’s Kastamonu University found that large houseplants take in between six and eight times as much CO2 in the day as they produce at night. 3 A single human breath contains around 40,000 ppm of CO2，more than 10 times the effect a plant could have in 8 hours，so you might want to throw your partner out before your plants. Finally，we don’t live in the sealed(密封的) boxes in which these studies are carried out. 4 The air is even exchanged when we move around.According to one recent review，we need houseplants to keep indoor air fresh，and to fight some pollution. 5 Let’s enjoy houseplants whenever we like，because if sleeping near plants were bad for our health，camping in a forest would be deadly. A．This is hard to answer. B．So，they are quite necessary. C．The question has more than one answer. D．Besides，we often share a room with someone else. E．Indoor air is being exchanged through doors and windows. F．At night they compete with us for the air we breathe while asleep. G．Secondly，compare the influence of a plant with that of a person sharing a room. 语篇解读　本文为一篇说明文，说明了和室内盆栽植物共用卧室是否会损害健康，并告诉我们室内盆栽植物对我们的重要性。 1．答案　F 解析　根据前文“It is believed that it’s dangerous to have plants in the bedroom.Plants take in carbon dioxide (CO2) and produce oxygen(氧气) in the day.”及后文“The build-up of CO2 is a real problem for indoor air quality，which has been shown to influence health，so it is easy to see where the concern comes from.”可知，空处应描述人们认为卧室里有植物会有危险的原因，F选项“在晚上，它们与我们争夺我们睡觉时呼吸的空气”解释原因。故选F项。 2．答案　A 解析　空前“Firstly，how much CO2 do plants produce at night compared with what they take in during the day？”提出问题：“植物在夜间产生的二氧化碳与白天吸收的相比有多少？”；后文“For the answer depends on everything from species to light levels and even room temperature.”指出这个问题的答案取决于很多方面，即这个问题是难以回答的，A选项符合语境。故选A项。 3．答案　G 解析　根据上一段的Firstly，下一段的Finally及本段下文可知，该空应讲第二点，且把植物和人作比较，G选项符合语境，引起下文。故选G项。 4．答案　E 解析　前文“Finally，we don’t live in the sealed(密封的) boxes in which these studies are carried out.”及后文“The air is even exchanged when we move around.”可知，E选项“室内空气通过门窗进行交换”符合语境，表明人的生活空间与外界相连，没有处在研究实验条件下，空气是流通的，且与空后一句形成递进关系。故选E项。 5．答案　B 解析　根据前文“According to one recent review，we need houseplants to keep indoor air fresh，and to fight some pollution.”可知，室内盆栽植物对我们来说是重要的，B选项“所以，它们是非常必要的”符合语境，B项中they指代前文的houseplants。故选B项。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) We must have been about halfway through our trip and we arrived in Rome，the capital city of Italy.On this particularly hot day after 1 many winding beautiful streets，we ended up at St.Peter’s Basilica. Our tour guide jokingly said he had forgotten the 2 back to the hotel and asked if anyone knew how to 3 to the hotel.None of us did，but then Julie，an American girl，confidently put，“I can 4 it.” We all thought she was joking too，for Julie was nearly 5 .But she said，“No.Seriously，I can take us all back.” Our team 6 her as she led us through the winding streets.Someone asked，“How can you 7 remember the way we 8 ？” She answered，“I just know.Feel how beautiful and cool the air is.We are by the fountain.This is where we turned left.” We continued.“I’m 9 freshly baked bread，” she said.“We turned right by this 10 and this is the café we passed by.I’ve recognized the 11 of that coffee machine.It is 12 to trust me.” Sure enough，every turn had the things we hadn’t 13 before.Those things revealed themselves like hidden diamonds.We discovered more and more about the 14 of this city. Finally，we made our way to the hotel.What struck me most was how Julie made us all see a rich and 15 city through her eyes.It made me experience travel in a totally new way. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一行人去罗马游玩时跟着一个近乎失明的女孩回酒店，在路上，他们发现了很多之前没有注意到的东西，这种全新的旅行体验让他们看到了一个丰富而充满活力的城市。 1．A.reaching B．exploring C．searching D．finding 答案　B 解析　reach达到；explore探索；search搜索。根据上文“We must have been about halfway through our trip and we arrived in Rome，the capital city of Italy.”可知，作者在旅行，所以此处指探索了许多蜿蜒美丽的街道。故选B。 2．A.way B．time C．trip D．day 答案　A 解析　根据下文“back to the hotel and asked if anyone knew how to to the hotel”可知，此处指回酒店的路。故选A。 3．A.go away B．move off C．set out D．get back 答案　D 解析　go away走开；move off离开；set out出发；get back回去。根据上文“Our tour guide jokingly said he had forgotten the back to the hotel”及下文“to the hotel”可知，此处指回酒店。故选D。 4．A.see B．make C．change D．take 答案　B 解析　根据上文“None of us did，but then Julie，an American girl，confidently put”可知，此处指这个女孩相信自己能做到。固定短语make it“成功做到”。故选B。 5．A.blind B．deaf C．dying D．mad 答案　A 解析　blind失明的；deaf聋的；dying濒临死亡的；mad疯狂的。根据下文“I just know.Feel how beautiful and cool the air is.We are by the fountain.This is where we turned left.”可知，朱莉通过感觉确定方位。由此推知，朱莉是近乎失明的。故选A。 6．A.left B．investigated C．followed D．doubted 答案　C 解析　investigate调查；follow跟随；doubt怀疑。根据下文“as she led us through the winding streets”可知，此处指整个队伍跟着她。故选C。 7．A.partly B．rarely C．actually D．possibly 答案　D 解析　partly部分地；rarely很少；actually实际上；possibly可能地。根据上文“We all thought she was joking too，for Julie was nearly .”可知，朱莉是近乎失明的，人们想知道她怎么可能记得他们来时的路。故选D。 8．A.came B．built C．deserted D．discovered 答案　A 解析　desert舍弃，离弃。根据上文“Our team her as she led us through the winding streets.”可知，朱莉在带大家回酒店，所以此处指来时的路。故选A。 9．A.watching B．hearing C．smelling D．tasting 答案　C 解析　smell闻；taste品尝。根据下文“freshly baked bread”可知，此处指闻到了刚烤好的面包的味道。故选C。 10．A.park B．fountain C．bakery D．café 答案　C 解析　fountain喷泉；bakery面包店；café咖啡馆。根据上文“‘I’m freshly baked bread，’ she said.”可知，作者他们到了面包店附近，所以此处指之前在这家面包店右转。故选C。 11．A.type B．sound C．pattern D．appearance 答案　B 解析　type类型；sound声音；pattern模式；appearance外观。根据上文可知，朱莉是近乎失明的，她靠嗅觉和听觉感知周围事物。故选B。 12．A.crazy B．funny C．troublesome D．worthwhile 答案　D 解析　crazy疯狂的；funny有趣的；troublesome麻烦的；worthwhile值得的。根据上文“But she said，‘No.Seriously，I can take us all back.’”可知，朱莉相信自己能带大家回去，所以她是值得相信的。故选D。 13．A.noticed B．drawn C．referred D．depended 答案　A 解析　notice注意到；draw绘制；refer参考；depend依赖。根据下文“Those things revealed themselves like hidden diamonds.”可知，他们发现了之前没有注意到的东西。故选A。 14．A.views B．beauty C．peace D．functions 答案　B 解析　view意见；beauty美丽；peace和平；function功能。根据上文“Those things revealed themselves like hidden diamonds.”可知，作者他们发现了很多像钻石一样美好的事物，所以此处指发现这个城市的美丽。故选B。 15．A.quiet B．noisy C．lively D．lonely 答案　C 解析　quiet安静的；noisy吵闹的；lively有活力的；lonely孤独的。根据上文“Sure enough，every turn had the things we hadn’t before.Those things revealed themselves like hidden diamonds.”及下文“It made me experience travel in a totally new way.”可知，朱莉让他们看到了一个丰富而充满活力的城市。故选C。 Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) (2024·湖北荆州高二上期末) There are certain things on the Earth that we must not lose.The great animal migration across the Serengeti Plains or the towering pyramids of Egypt are such examples.Every country is proud of 1.______________(it) cultural or natural heritage sites，all of 2._____________________must be protected.We are lucky to have UNESCO to oversee such 3._____________________unique task.It sees heritage as our legacy from the past，what we live with today，and what we pass down 4._____________________future generations as well as irreplaceable sources of inspiration. The incredible splendour of heritage sites is a 5.____________________(remind) of the power of nature and the genius of man.As a nature reserve，Jiuzhaigou Valley is home to snow-capped mountains，thick forests，impressive waterfalls and lakes.This dream-like scenery makes us realize that nature has 6.__________(literal) created a masterpiece.Similarly，standing in the shadow of the Taj Mahal，as the sun rises over this grand historic building，we 7.___________(impress) with the effort and determination of the people 8._____________(establish) it with only primitive tools. It is in heritage sites like this 9._____________________we cannot help but be humbled，come to understand our limitations as human beings，and know that our duty is to protect them for generations 10.____________________(come)． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了文化遗产的重要性以及保护文化遗产的意义。 1．答案　its 解析　考查代词。修饰名词sites应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 2．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词cultural or natural heritage sites，作介词of的宾语，指物，应用which。故填which。 3．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。句意：我们很幸运有联合国教科文组织来监督这项独特的任务。task是可数名词单数，此处为泛指，用不定冠词修饰，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。 4．答案　to 解析　考查介词。句意：它认为这些遗产是过去赐予我们的遗赠物，伴随着我们今天的生活，也是我们传给后代的东西，以及不可替代的灵感来源。短语pass down to表示“传给……”。故填to。 5．答案　reminder 解析　考查名词。句意：遗产遗址令人难以置信的辉煌使人们感受到大自然的力量和人类的才能。空处作表语，结合不定冠词可知应用单数名词reminder。故填reminder。 6．答案　literally 解析　考查副词。句意：这梦幻般的景色让我们意识到大自然确实创造了一件杰作。修饰动词create应用副词literally作状语，意为“确实地”。故填literally。 7．答案　are impressed 解析　考查固定短语、时态和主谓一致。短语be impressed with表示“对……印象深刻”，根据上文rises可知时态为一般现在时，主语为we，be动词用are。故填are impressed。 8．答案　establishing 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处作介词of的宾语，且与逻辑主语构成主动关系，与名词people构成动名词的复合结构。故填establishing。 9．答案　that 解析　考查强调句型。句意：正是在这样的遗产遗址中，我们不禁感到谦卑，认识到我们作为人类的局限性，并知道我们的责任是为子孙后代保护它们。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句：It is ＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他，被强调部分为in heritage sites like this，应用that。故填that。 10．答案　to come 解析　考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子并结合语境可知，此处表示“未来的”，应用不定式to come作后置定语。故填to come。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $