2025-2026学年人教版英语全册固定搭配背诵+讲解+练习

**基本信息** 聚焦七下核心短语，通过“速查-精讲-辨析-分层练习”构建系统性学习链，强化语言应用能力与自主学习策略。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心短语速查表|每单元15个短语|分类呈现话题高频短语|按单元话题（动物/规则/健康等）组织，关联核心语法| |重点短语精讲|6个/单元|同义替换（take care of=look after）、用法对比（be made of/from）|从基本义到语境应用，结合例句解析语法功能| |易混短语辨析|2组/单元|通过例句区分语义差异（be friendly to/with）|对比易混淆点，建立精准使用思维| |单元过关练习|5类梯度题|基础巩固-能力提升-拓展应用三级训练|从机械记忆到语境运用，培养综合语言运用能力|

新七下全册核心短语与固定搭配(背诵+讲解+练习) Unit 1 Animal friends 动物朋友 【单元话题】认识动物、描述动物特征、谈论动物保护 【核心语法】情态动词can的用法、一般现在时、特殊疑问句（What/Why/Where）、名词复数不规则变化 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 take care of / look after 照顾；照料 be from / come from 来自 be in (great) danger 处于（极大）危险中 a symbol of ……的象征 be friendly to sb. 对某人友好 kind of 稍微；有点儿 one of + 名词复数 ……之一 cut down 砍倒；砍伐 be good for 对……有益 not…at all 一点也不；根本不 be made of / be made from 由……制成 pick up 捡起；拾起 remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事 live in 居住在；生活在 play with 和……一起玩 二、重点短语精讲 1. take care of / look after 照顾；照料 【例句】Can you help me take care of my little dog when I am away? 【译文】我不在的时候你能帮我照顾我的小狗吗？ 【点拨】两者同义，可互换使用。take good care of 表示"好好照顾"。注意 care 是名词，没有复数形式。 2. be in (great) danger 处于（极大）危险中 【例句】Many wild animals are in great danger because people cut down forests. 【译文】因为人们砍伐森林，许多野生动物处于极大的危险中。 【点拨】danger 是名词，意为"危险"；dangerous 是形容词，意为"危险的"。注意区分：in danger（处于危险中）≠ dangerous（本身是危险的）。 3. kind of 稍微；有点儿 【例句】—Why do you like koalas? —Because they are kind of cute. 【译文】——你为什么喜欢考拉？——因为它们有点儿可爱。 【点拨】kind of 相当于副词，修饰形容词或副词，与 a little / a bit 同义。注意区分：a kind of（一种）、all kinds of（各种各样的）。 4. one of + 名词复数 ……之一 【例句】The elephant is one of the largest animals on land. 【译文】大象是陆地上最大的动物之一。 【点拨】one of 后面必须接可数名词复数形式，作主语时谓语动词用单数。例如：One of my friends is from America. 5. be made of / be made from 由……制成 【例句】The desk is made of wood. Paper is made from wood. 【译文】这张桌子是木头做的。 纸是由木头制成的。 【点拨】be made of 表示能看出原材料（物理变化）；be made from 表示看不出原材料（化学变化）。 6. remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事 【例句】Remember to close the door when you leave the room. 【译文】离开房间时记得关门。 【点拨】remember to do sth. 表示"记得要做某事"（还没做）；remember doing sth. 表示"记得做过某事"（已经做了）。类似用法的还有 forget。 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ be from vs come from • be from：表示"来自"，be 动词随主语变化。例如：She is from China. • come from：表示"来自"，疑问句和否定句需借助助动词 do/does。例如：Where does she come from? ◆ be friendly to sb. vs be friendly with sb. • be friendly to sb.：表示"对某人友好"，强调态度。例如：He is friendly to everyone. • be friendly with sb.：表示"与某人关系好"，强调双方关系。例如：She is friendly with her classmates. 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 照顾；照料 take ________ of / look ________ 2. 处于危险中 be ________ danger 3. 对某人友好 be ________ to sb. 4. 稍微；有点儿 ________ of 5. 砍倒；砍伐 cut ________ 6. 对……有益 be good ________ 7. 一点也不 not…________ all 8. 捡起；拾起 pick ________ Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. The panda is one of my favorite ________ (animal). 10. Elephants are in great ________ (dangerous) now. 11. Remember ________ (close) the window before you go to bed. 12. This kind of animal ________ (come) from Africa. 13. The model plane is ________ (make) of paper. （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. —________ are koalas from? —They are from Australia. A. What B. Where C. Why D. How 15. —Why do you like elephants? —________ they are very smart. A. Because B. So C. But D. And 16. There are many ________ in the zoo. A. wolf B. wolfs C. wolves D. wolfes 17. The koala is ________ lazy. It sleeps all day. A. a kind of B. kind of C. all kinds of D. kinds of 18. Don't ________ trees. Animals need them to live. A. cut down B. cut up C. cut off D. cut out （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. 大象能记住有食物和水的地方。 Elephants can ________ places ________ food and water. 20. 我们必须保护树木，拒绝野生动物制品。 We must ________ trees and refuse products ________ ________ wild animals. 21. 熊猫是中国的象征之一。 The panda is ________ ________ the ________ of China. 22. 这只小猫一点也不怕人。 The little cat is ________ afraid of people ________ ________. 23. 请帮我捡起地上的笔。 Please help me ________ ________ the pen on the ground. Ⅴ. 短文填空：从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） be from be in danger cut down take care of be good for Pandas 24.________ China. They live in the forests. But now many forests are 25.________ by people, so pandas 26.________. We should 27.________ them and plant more trees. Bamboo 28.________ pandas. Let's work together to save pandas! 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 1. care; after 2. in 3. friendly 4. kind 5. down 6. for 7. at 8. up Ⅱ. 9. animals "one of + 名词复数"是固定结构，意为"……之一"，animal 应用复数形式。 10. danger "in great danger"是固定短语，意为"处于极大危险中"，介词 in 后接名词 danger。 11. to close "remember to do sth."表示"记得要做某事"（事情还未做），符合句意。 12. comes 主语 This kind of animal 是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用 comes。 13. made "be made of"是固定短语，意为"由……制成"，用被动语态。 Ⅲ. 14. B 根据答语"来自澳大利亚"可知，问句是询问地点，用 Where。 15. A 回答 Why 引导的特殊疑问句，要用 Because（因为），不能用 So。 16. C wolf 的复数形式是 wolves（以 f 结尾，变 f 为 v 再加 es）。 17. B kind of 意为"稍微；有点儿"，修饰形容词 lazy，符合句意。 18. A cut down 意为"砍倒"，符合"不要砍树"的语境。cut up 切碎；cut off 切断；cut out 删除。 Ⅳ. 19. remember; with remember 记住；with 表示"带有"。 20. protect; made from protect 保护；be made from 由……制成（看不出原材料）。 21. one of; symbols "one of + 名词复数"结构，symbol 用复数 symbols。 22. not; at all "not…at all"是固定短语，意为"一点也不"。 23. pick up pick up 意为"捡起；拾起"，代词作宾语时放中间。 Ⅴ. 24. are from 主语 Pandas 是复数，be 动词用 are，表示"来自"。 25. cut down 森林被砍伐，用被动语态 are cut down。 26. are in danger 主语 pandas 是复数，be 动词用 are，表示"处于危险中"。 27. take care of 情态动词 should 后接动词原形，take care of 意为"照顾"。 28. is good for 主语 Bamboo 是不可数名词，be 动词用 is，be good for 意为"对……有益"。 Unit 2 No Rules, No Order 无规矩不成方圆 【单元话题】谈论学校规则和家庭规则、表达命令和要求 【核心语法】祈使句、情态动词must/have to/can的用法、特殊疑问句 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 follow the rules 遵守规则 break the rules 违反规则 be late for / arrive late for 迟到 on time 准时；按时 keep quiet 保持安静 listen to 听…… have to 必须；不得不 make one's bed 整理床铺 do the dishes 洗餐具 too many + 可数名词复数 太多…… bring sth. to sp. 把某物带到某地 fight with sb. 和某人打架 in class 在课堂上 go out 外出（娱乐） learn to do sth. 学会做某事 二、重点短语精讲 1. follow the rules 遵守规则 【例句】We must follow the school rules to keep our school safe. 【译文】我们必须遵守校规以保证校园安全。 【点拨】follow 在此意为"遵守；遵循"。反义词组是 break the rules（违反规则）。 2. be late for / arrive late for 迟到 【例句】Don't be late for class. You must arrive on time. 【译文】上课不要迟到。你必须准时到达。 【点拨】两者同义，be late for 中 be 动词随主语变化；arrive late for 中 arrive 是实义动词，否定句需借助助动词。 3. on time 准时；按时 【例句】The train arrived on time at 8 o'clock. 【译文】火车在8点钟准时到达了。 【点拨】on time 强调"准时，按规定时间"；in time 强调"及时，来得及"。注意区分。 4. have to 必须；不得不 【例句】I have to finish my homework before dinner. / She has to get up early. 【译文】我必须在晚饭前完成作业。/ 她不得不早起。 【点拨】have to 表示客观需要，有人称和时态变化（第三人称单数用 has to，过去式用 had to）。must 表示主观看法，没有人称变化。 5. too many + 可数名词复数 太多…… 【例句】There are too many rules in my house. I can't stand them. 【译文】我家有太多规矩了。我受不了了。 【点拨】too many 修饰可数名词复数；too much 修饰不可数名词；much too 修饰形容词或副词，表示"太……"。 6. bring sth. to sp. 把某物带到某地 【例句】Please bring your homework to school tomorrow. 【译文】明天请把你的作业带到学校来。 【点拨】bring 表示"带来"（从别处带到说话处）；take 表示"带走"（从说话处带到别处）。方向相反，注意区分。 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ must vs have to • must：表示说话人主观上认为"必须"，没有人称和时态变化。例如：We must study hard. • have to：表示客观上"不得不"，有人称和时态变化（has to / had to）。例如：He has to stay at home because it rains. ◆ too many vs too much vs much too • too many：修饰可数名词复数。例如：too many books • too much：修饰不可数名词。例如：too much water • much too：修饰形容词或副词，意为"太……"。例如：much too cold 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 遵守规则 ________ the rules 2. 违反规则 ________ the rules 3. 准时 ________ time 4. 保持安静 ________ quiet 5. 必须；不得不 ________ to 6. 整理床铺 ________ one's bed 7. 洗餐具 ________ the dishes 8. 在课堂上 ________ class Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. ________ (not eat) in the classroom, please. 10. We must ________ (follow) the school rules. 11. She ________ (have) to get up at 6:30 every morning. 12. There are too many ________ (rule) in my family. 13. Don't ________ (fight) with your classmates. （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. —________ I listen to music in class? —No, you can't. A. Must B. Can C. Do D. Are 15. —Don't run in the hallways. —________, Miss Wang. A. Sorry B. Thank you C. Excuse me D. You're welcome 16. We ________ wear uniforms on school days. It's a rule. A. can B. may C. have to D. would like to 17. There is ________ milk in the glass. Let's buy some. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. not much 18. Please ________ your dictionary here tomorrow. I need it. A. take B. bring C. carry D. get （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 句型转换。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. You can't eat in class.（改为祈使句） ________ ________ in class. 20. We have to clean the classroom every day.（改为一般疑问句） ________ you ________ ________ clean the classroom every day? 21. He has to do his homework after school.（改为否定句） He ________ ________ to do his homework after school. 22. Listen to music in the hallways.（改为否定句） ________ ________ to music in the hallways. 23. We must keep quiet in the library.（改为同义句） We ________ ________ keep quiet in the library. Ⅴ. 短文填空：从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） be late for follow the rules keep quiet have to too many My name is Li Ming. I am a middle school student. There are 24.________ rules in my school. We can't 25.________ class. We must 26.________ in the library. I 27.________ wear a uniform every day. I think it's important to 28.________. They help us grow better. 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 1. follow 2. break 3. on 4. keep 5. have 6. make 7. do 8. in Ⅱ. 9. Don't eat 祈使句的否定形式是 Don't + 动词原形。 10. follow 情态动词 must 后接动词原形。 11. has 主语 She 是第三人称单数，have to 变为 has to。 12. rules too many 后接可数名词复数，rule 的复数是 rules。 13. fight Don't 后接动词原形。 Ⅲ. 14. B 根据答语 No, you can't 可知，问句用 Can 引导。 15. A 做错事被提醒时，应表示歉意，用 Sorry。 16. C 穿校服是学校规定，表示客观上"不得不"，用 have to。 17. D 根据后句"我们去买一些吧"可知，杯子里牛奶不多了，用 not much。 18. B bring 表示"带来"（从别处带到说话处），符合 here 的语境。 Ⅳ. 19. Don't eat 否定祈使句以 Don't 开头，后接动词原形。 20. Do; have to have to 的一般疑问句需借助助动词 Do/Does。 21. doesn't have 主语 He 是第三人称单数，否定句借助 doesn't，后接动词原形 have。 22. Don't listen 祈使句的否定形式是 Don't + 动词原形。 23. have to must（必须）与 have to（不得不）在此处可互换，表示必须做某事。 Ⅴ. 24. too many too many 修饰可数名词复数 rules。 25. be late for can't 后接动词原形，be late for class 意为'上课迟到'。 26. keep quiet 情态动词 must 后接动词原形，keep quiet 意为"保持安静"。 27. have to 主语 I，用 have to 表示"不得不"。 28. follow the rules It's important to do sth. 结构，to 后接动词原形。 Unit 3 Keep Fit 保持健康 【单元话题】谈论运动和健康习惯、询问和表达频率、给出健康建议 【核心语法】情态动词should的用法、动名词作主语、how often引导的特殊疑问句 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 keep fit / keep healthy 保持健康 take exercise / do exercise 做运动；锻炼 how often 多久一次（问频率） three times a week 一周三次 be good for 对……有益 be bad for 对……有害 take a walk 散步 warm up 热身 have a rest 休息 at least 至少 spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事 join a sports club 加入运动俱乐部 a few / few + 可数名词 一些/几乎没有 a little / little + 不可数名词 一点/几乎没有 get enough sleep 保证充足睡眠 二、重点短语精讲 1. keep fit / keep healthy 保持健康 【例句】Running every day helps me keep fit. 【译文】每天跑步帮助我保持健康。 【点拨】keep 在此意为"保持"，后接形容词。fit 和 healthy 都是形容词，意为"健康的"，可互换。 2. how often 多久一次 【例句】—How often do you exercise? —I exercise three times a week. 【译文】——你多久锻炼一次？——我一周锻炼三次。 【点拨】how often 用于询问动作发生的频率，答语常用 once/twice/three times a week/day/month 等。注意区分：how long（多久，问时长）、how soon（多久以后）。 3. be good for / be bad for 对……有益/有害 【例句】Vegetables are good for our health. Smoking is bad for our lungs. 【译文】蔬菜对我们的健康有益。吸烟对我们的肺有害。 【点拨】两个短语中的 for 都是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。注意不要混淆介词。 4. spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事 【例句】I spend half an hour doing exercise every morning. 【译文】我每天早上花半小时做运动。 【点拨】spend 的主语必须是人，结构为：sb. spend(s) 时间/金钱 (in) doing sth. 或 sb. spend(s) 时间/金钱 on sth. 5. a few / few / a little / little 【例句】There are a few apples on the table. There is little water in the bottle. 【译文】桌子上有几个苹果。瓶子里几乎没有水了。 【点拨】a few / few 修饰可数名词复数；a little / little 修饰不可数名词。带 a 表示肯定（有一些/一点），不带 a 表示否定（几乎没有）。 6. at least 至少 【例句】You should sleep for at least eight hours every night. 【译文】你每晚应该至少睡八个小时。 【点拨】at least 是固定短语，反义短语是 at most（至多）。least 是 little 的最高级。 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ how often vs how long vs how soon • how often：询问频率，答语用"次数+时间段"。例如：—How often do you go there? —Once a week. • how long：询问时长，答语用"for+时间段"。例如：—How long did you stay? —For two hours. • how soon：询问多久以后，答语用"in+时间段"。例如：—How soon will you come back? —In a week. ◆ a few vs few vs a little vs little • a few：修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定，"有一些"。例如：a few books • few：修饰可数名词复数，表示否定，"几乎没有"。例如：few friends • a little：修饰不可数名词，表示肯定，"有一点"。例如：a little water • little：修饰不可数名词，表示否定，"几乎没有"。例如：little time 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 保持健康 keep ________ / keep ________ 2. 做运动 ________ exercise 3. 多久一次 how ________ 4. 对……有益 be good ________ 5. 对……有害 be bad ________ 6. 散步 take a ________ 7. 热身 ________ up 8. 至少 ________ least Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. ________ (take) exercise every day is good for us. 10. We should ________ (eat) more vegetables. 11. How often ________ your brother ________ (play) basketball? 12. I spend two hours ________ (do) my homework every day. 13. There is ________ (little) milk in the fridge. Let's buy some. （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. —________ do you go to the library? —Twice a week. A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How many 15. ________ enough sleep is important for our health. A. Get B. Gets C. Getting D. Got 16. You ________ eat too much junk food. It's bad for you. A. should B. shouldn't C. must D. have to 17. There are ________ people in the park. It's very crowded. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few 18. It's necessary to ________ before doing sports. A. warm up B. get up C. put up D. give up （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. 每天做运动对我们的健康有益。 ________ exercise every day ________ good for our health. 20. 你应该至少一周锻炼三次。 You ________ exercise ________ ________ three times a week. 21. 我每天花半小时散步。 I ________ half an hour ________ a walk every day. 22. 熬夜对我们的健康有害。 Staying up late ________ ________ ________ our health. 23. 运动前热身是很有必要的。 ________ necessary ________ ________ up before doing sports. Ⅴ. 短文填空：从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） keep fit be good for take exercise how often at least Hello, everyone! Do you know 24.________ we should exercise? Doctors say we should exercise 25.________ three times a week. 26.________ helps us 27.________. And it 28.________ our heart and lungs. Let's start exercising from today! 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 1. fit; healthy 2. take/do 3. often 4. for 5. for 6. walk 7. warm 8. at Ⅱ. 9. Taking 动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，take 变为 Taking。 10. eat 情态动词 should 后接动词原形。 11. does; play 主语 your brother 是第三人称单数，疑问句借助 does，后接动词原形。 12. doing "spend time doing sth."是固定结构，意为"花费时间做某事"。 13. little 根据后句"我们去买一些吧"可知，冰箱里几乎没有牛奶了，用 little 表示否定。 Ⅲ. 14. B 根据答语 Twice a week（一周两次）可知，问句是询问频率，用 How often。 15. C 动名词作主语，get 变为 Getting。 16. B 根据后句"对你有害"可知，不应该吃太多垃圾食品，用 shouldn't。 17. C people 是可数名词复数，且根据"很拥挤"可知有一些人，用 a few 表示肯定。 18. A warm up 意为"热身"，符合"运动前热身"的语境。 Ⅳ. 19. Taking; is 动名词 Taking exercise 作主语，谓语动词用单数 is。 20. should; at least should 应该；at least 至少。 21. spend; taking "spend time doing sth."结构，take a walk 意为"散步"。 22. is bad for 动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数 is，be bad for 意为"对……有害"。 23. It's; to warm "It's + adj. + to do sth."是固定句型，it 作形式主语。 Ⅴ. 24. how often 根据句意"你知道我们应该多久锻炼一次吗"可知，用 how often。 25. at least at least 意为"至少"，符合"至少一周三次"的语境。 26. Taking exercise 动名词短语作主语，take exercise 意为"做运动"。 27. keep fit "help sb. (to) do sth."结构，keep fit 意为"保持健康"。 28. is good for 主语 it 是单数，be good for 意为"对……有益"。 Unit 4 Eat Well 健康饮食 【单元话题】谈论饮食习惯、点餐、表达食物偏好、给出饮食建议 【核心语法】选择疑问句、可数名词与不可数名词、too much/too many辨析 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 have breakfast / lunch / dinner 吃早/午/晚餐 healthy eating habits 健康的饮食习惯 a glass of milk 一杯牛奶 three meals a day 一日三餐 junk food 垃圾食品 stay away from 远离 taste delicious 尝起来美味 different kinds of food 多种多样的食物 a balanced diet 均衡饮食 put on weight 增重；发胖 would like (to do) sth. 想要（做）某事 as a result 因此；结果 too much + 不可数名词 太多…… too many + 可数名词复数 太多…… ask sb. about sth. 询问某人关于某事 二、重点短语精讲 1. have breakfast / lunch / dinner 吃早/午/晚餐 【例句】What do you usually have for breakfast? 【译文】你早餐通常吃什么？ 【点拨】表示"吃三餐"用 have，三餐前不加冠词。但如果三餐前有形容词修饰，则可加冠词，如：have a big dinner。 2. stay away from 远离 【例句】We should stay away from junk food to keep healthy. 【译文】为了保持健康，我们应该远离垃圾食品。 【点拨】stay away from 与 keep away from 同义，意为"远离"，后接名词、代词或动名词。 3. taste delicious 尝起来美味 【例句】The dumplings taste delicious. I want to eat more. 【译文】这些饺子尝起来很美味。我想多吃点。 【点拨】taste 在此是感官系动词，意为"尝起来"，后接形容词作表语。类似的还有：look（看起来）、sound（听起来）、smell（闻起来）、feel（摸起来）。 4. would like (to do) sth. 想要（做）某事 【例句】—Would you like some tea? —Yes, please. / I'd like to go with you. 【译文】——你想喝点茶吗？——好的。/ 我想和你一起去。 【点拨】would like 后接名词或动词不定式（to do），没有人称和数的变化。疑问句把 would 提前。 5. too much / too many 太多…… 【例句】Don't eat too much sugar. Don't eat too many hamburgers. 【译文】不要吃太多糖。不要吃太多汉堡包。 【点拨】too much 修饰不可数名词；too many 修饰可数名词复数。much too 修饰形容词或副词，意为"太……"。 6. a balanced diet 均衡饮食 【例句】It's important for us to have a balanced diet every day. 【译文】每天均衡饮食对我们来说很重要。 【点拨】balanced 是形容词，意为"均衡的；平衡的"。a balanced diet 是健康饮食话题的高频短语。 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ too much vs too many vs much too • too much：修饰不可数名词。例如：too much meat / too much time • too many：修饰可数名词复数。例如：too many eggs / too many people • much too：修饰形容词或副词，意为"太……"。例如：much too expensive / much too cold ◆ would like vs want • would like：语气更委婉礼貌，常用于点餐和邀请。例如：Would you like some coffee? • want：语气较直接，后接名词或 to do。例如：I want a cup of tea. 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 吃早餐 ________ breakfast 2. 健康的饮食习惯 ________ eating habits 3. 一杯牛奶 a ________ of milk 4. 垃圾食品 ________ food 5. 远离 stay ________ from 6. 尝起来美味 ________ delicious 7. 均衡饮食 a ________ diet 8. 因此；结果 as a ________ Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. Would you like ________ (have) dinner with me? 10. There are too many ________ (tomato) in the basket. 11. The soup ________ (taste) very delicious. 12. We should eat ________ (much) vegetables than before. 13. Eating too much junk food ________ (be) bad for our health. （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. —Would you like a hot dog or a hamburger? —________ A. Yes, I would. B. No, thanks. C. A hamburger, please. D. Yes, a hot dog. 15. There is ________ water in the bottle. Let's buy some. A. too much B. too many C. not much D. not many 16. —What would you like ________? —I'd like some noodles. A. eat B. eating C. to eat D. eats 17. The apple ________ good. I want another one. A. tastes B. sounds C. looks D. feels 18. We should ________ junk food and eat more vegetables. A. stay away from B. be good for C. be bad for D. be interested in （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 句型转换。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. I'd like some rice.（改为一般疑问句） ________ you ________ ________ rice? 20. There are too many people in the restaurant.（改为同义句） There are ________ ________ people in the restaurant. 21. The food tastes delicious.（改为否定句） The food ________ ________ delicious. 22. Would you like to go shopping with me?（作肯定回答） ________, I'd ________ ________. 23. We should eat more fruit.（改为祈使句） ________ more fruit, please. Ⅴ. 短文填空：从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） a balanced diet stay away from too much have breakfast be good for Eating well is important for us. First, we should 24.________ every morning. It gives us energy for the day. Second, we need 25.________. We should eat different kinds of food. Third, don't eat 26.________ sugar or meat. Fourth, 27.________ junk food. Finally, remember that fruit and vegetables 28.________ our health. 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 1. have 2. healthy 3. glass 4. junk 5. away 6. taste 7. balanced 8. result Ⅱ. 9. to have "would like to do sth."是固定结构，意为"想要做某事"。 10. tomatoes too many 后接可数名词复数，tomato 的复数是 tomatoes。 11. tastes 主语 The soup 是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数 tastes。 12. more 根据 than 可知用比较级，much 的比较级是 more。 13. is 动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数 is。 Ⅲ. 14. C 选择疑问句不能用 Yes/No 回答，要从选项中选择一个，故选 C。 15. C water 是不可数名词，且根据后句"去买一些"可知水不多了，用 not much。 16. C "would like to do sth."结构，用 to eat。 17. A 苹果是"尝起来"好，用 tastes。 18. A stay away from 意为"远离"，符合"远离垃圾食品"的语境。 Ⅳ. 19. Would; like some would like 的一般疑问句把 would 提前，some 在表示请求或建议的疑问句中不变。 20. so many too many（太多）与 so many（如此多）在此处可互换。 21. doesn't taste 主语 The food 是不可数名词，否定句借助 doesn't，后接动词原形。 22. Yes; love to Would you like to...? 的肯定回答常用 Yes, I'd love to. 23. Eat 祈使句以动词原形开头。 Ⅴ. 24. have breakfast should 后接动词原形，have breakfast 意为"吃早餐"。 25. a balanced diet a balanced diet 意为"均衡饮食"，符合句意。 26. too much too much 修饰不可数名词 sugar 和 meat。 27. stay away from 祈使句以动词原形开头，stay away from 意为"远离"。 28. are good for 主语 fruit and vegetables 是复数，be 动词用 are。 Unit 5 Here and Now 此时此刻 【单元话题】描述正在发生的事情、打电话、谈论不同时区的活动 【核心语法】现在进行时、电话用语、look forward to doing 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 right now / at the moment 此刻；现在 watch TV 看电视 talk on the phone 打电话 make soup 做汤 go to the movies 去看电影 study for a test 备考复习 read a newspaper 看报纸 use the computer 使用电脑 wash the dishes 洗餐具 eat out 外出就餐 take a message 捎个口信 leave a message 留个口信 call back 回电话 hold on 别挂断；等一等 look forward to (doing) 盼望；期待 二、重点短语精讲 1. right now / at the moment 此刻；现在 【例句】—What are you doing right now? —I'm reading a book. 【译文】——你此刻在做什么？——我正在看书。 【点拨】right now 和 at the moment 都是现在进行时的标志词，表示"此刻；现在"。right now 还可表示"马上；立刻"。 2. take a message / leave a message 【例句】Can I take a message for you? / Would you like to leave a message? 【译文】我能给你捎个口信吗？/ 你想留个口信吗？ 【点拨】take a message 是"替别人捎口信"（接电话的人）；leave a message 是"自己留口信"（打电话的人）。注意动作方向不同。 3. call back 回电话 【例句】Please tell her to call me back when she comes home. 【译文】她回家时请告诉她给我回电话。 【点拨】call back 是"动词+副词"结构，代词作宾语时必须放中间，如 call me back / call him back。 4. hold on 别挂断；等一等 【例句】—Hello, may I speak to Tom? —Hold on, please. He is coming. 【译文】——你好，我能和汤姆通话吗？——请稍等。他来了。 【点拨】hold on 是电话用语，意为"别挂断；等一等"，相当于 wait a moment。还可表示"坚持"。 5. look forward to (doing) 盼望；期待 【例句】I'm looking forward to seeing you soon. 【译文】我盼望着快点见到你。 【点拨】look forward to 中的 to 是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词（doing），不能接动词原形。这是高频易错点。 6. work on 做；从事 【例句】—What are you doing? —I'm working on my science project. 【译文】——你在做什么？——我在做我的科学课题。 【点拨】work on 表示"从事于；致力于"，后接名词或代词。注意区分：work out（算出；解决）。 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ take a message vs leave a message • take a message：接电话的人"捎口信"。例如：Can I take a message?（要我捎个口信吗？） • leave a message：打电话的人"留口信"。例如：Can I leave a message?（我能留个口信吗？） ◆ hope vs wish • hope：希望实现的可能性较大，后接 to do 或 that 从句。例如：I hope to go there. • wish：希望实现的可能性较小或表示祝愿，后接 to do/双宾语/that从句（虚拟语气）。例如：I wish you happy. 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 此刻；现在 right ________ / at the ________ 2. 看电视 ________ TV 3. 打电话 talk ________ the phone 4. 去看电影 go to the ________ 5. 捎个口信 ________ a message 6. 留个口信 ________ a message 7. 回电话 call ________ 8. 盼望；期待 look forward ________ Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. Look! The children ________ (play) football on the playground. 10. —Where is your mother? —She ________ (cook) in the kitchen. 11. Listen! Someone ________ (sing) in the next room. 12. I'm looking forward to ________ (visit) the Great Wall. 13. —What ________ you ________ (do) now? —I ________ (read) a newspaper. （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. —Hello! May I speak to Lucy? —________, please. She is coming. A. Hold on B. Wait for C. Look at D. Listen to 15. —What is your brother doing? —He ________ computer games. A. plays B. played C. is playing D. play 16. I'm looking forward to ________ my grandparents this weekend. A. visit B. visiting C. visits D. visited 17. —Can I ________ a message for her? —Yes, please tell her to call me back. A. take B. leave C. make D. get 18. —________? —She is washing the dishes. A. What does she do B. What is she doing C. What did she do D. What will she do （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 句型转换。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. He is doing his homework.（改为否定句） He ________ ________ his homework. 20. They are watching TV.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） —________ they ________ TV? —Yes, ________ ________. 21. She is reading a book.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ she ________? 22. Tom is playing basketball.（用every day改写句子） Tom ________ basketball every day. 23. They are having dinner at home.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ they having dinner? Ⅴ. 短文填空：用所给动词的正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） It's 7 o'clock in the evening. My family and I are all at home. My father 24.________ (read) a newspaper. My mother 25.________ (watch) TV. My sister 26.________ (do) her homework. I 27.________ (talk) on the phone with my friend. We 28.________ (have) a good time now. 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 1. now; moment 2. watch 3. on 4. movies 5. take 6. leave 7. back 8. to Ⅱ. 9. are playing Look! 是现在进行时的标志，主语 children 是复数，用 are playing。 10. is cooking 询问正在做什么，用现在进行时，主语 She 是单数，用 is cooking。 11. is singing Listen! 是现在进行时的标志，主语 Someone 是单数，用 is singing。 12. visiting "look forward to doing sth."结构，to 是介词，后接动名词。 13. are; doing; am reading now 是现在进行时的标志，主语 you 用 are，I 用 am。 Ⅲ. 14. A 电话用语中，请对方稍等用 Hold on, please. 15. C 问句是现在进行时，答语也要用现在进行时 is playing。 16. B "look forward to doing sth."结构，用 visiting。 17. A 接电话的人"捎口信"用 take a message。 18. B 根据答语"她正在洗餐具"可知，问句是"她正在做什么"，用现在进行时。 Ⅳ. 19. isn't doing 现在进行时的否定句在 be 动词后加 not。 20. Are; watching; they are 现在进行时的一般疑问句把 be 动词提前，肯定回答用 Yes, 主语+be. 21. What is; doing 对动作提问用 What，后接一般疑问句语序。 22. plays every day 是一般现在时的标志，主语 Tom 是第三人称单数，用 plays。 23. Where are 对地点提问用 Where，后接一般疑问句语序。 Ⅴ. 24. is reading 主语 My father 是单数，现在进行时用 is reading。 25. is watching 主语 My mother 是单数，用 is watching。 26. is doing 主语 My sister 是单数，用 is doing。 27. am talking 主语 I 用 am talking。 28. are having 主语 We 是复数，用 are having。 Unit 6 Rain or Shine 阴晴雨雪 【单元话题】谈论天气、描述不同天气下的活动、假期生活 【核心语法】现在进行时表天气、天气表达、How's it going? 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 talk about the weather 谈论天气 What's the weather like? / How's the weather? 天气怎么样？ be on vacation 在度假 take photos / take a photo 拍照 study hard 努力学习 have a great time / have fun 玩得开心 sit by the pool 坐在泳池边 in the mountains 在山里 drink orange juice 喝橙汁 call sb. back 给某人回电话 take a message for sb. 为某人捎口信 rain heavily 雨下得大 fly a kite 放风筝 build a snowman 堆雪人 How's it going? 最近怎么样？ 二、重点短语精讲 1. What's the weather like? / How's the weather? 天气怎么样？ 【例句】—What's the weather like today? —It's sunny and warm. 【译文】——今天天气怎么样？——晴朗又暖和。 【点拨】两种问法同义，可互换。答语用 It's + 天气形容词（sunny/rainy/windy/cloudy/snowy等）。注意 What 句中有 like，How 句中没有 like。 2. be on vacation 在度假 【例句】My family is on vacation in Sanya. We are having a great time. 【译文】我家正在三亚度假。我们玩得很开心。 【点拨】on vacation 表示"在度假"的状态，相当于 on holiday。go on vacation 表示"去度假"的动作。 3. have a great time / have fun 玩得开心 【例句】The children are having a great time at the beach. 【译文】孩子们在海滩上玩得很开心。 【点拨】两者同义，后接 doing sth. 表示"做某事很开心"。例如：have fun playing in the water。 4. take photos / take a photo 拍照 【例句】Look! The tourists are taking photos of the beautiful flowers. 【译文】看！游客们正在给漂亮的花拍照。 【点拨】take photos 是复数形式，take a photo 是单数形式。"给……拍照"用 take photos of... 5. rain heavily 雨下得大 【例句】It is raining heavily outside. Don't go out. 【译文】外面雨下得很大。别出去了。 【点拨】rain 在此是动词，heavily 是副词修饰动词。形容雨大还可用 rain hard。注意：形容风大用 strong，形容雪大用 hard/heavily。 6. How's it going? 最近怎么样？ 【例句】—How's it going? —Pretty good! / Not bad. / Terrible! 【译文】——最近怎么样？——相当好！/ 还不错。/ 糟透了！ 【点拨】How's it going? 是熟人之间的寒暄用语，相当于 How are things? 答语常用 Pretty good / Not bad / Terrible 等。 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ sunny / rainy / windy / cloudy / snowy • sunny：晴朗的（sun + ny）。例如：It's sunny today. • rainy：下雨的（rain + y）。例如：a rainy day • windy：有风的（wind + y）。例如：It's windy outside. • cloudy：多云的（cloud + y）。例如：It's cloudy today. • snowy：下雪的（snow + y）。例如：a snowy morning ◆ because vs because of • because：连词，后接句子。例如：I stayed at home because it rained. • because of：介词短语，后接名词/代词/动名词。例如：I stayed at home because of the rain. 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 谈论天气 talk ________ the weather 2. 在度假 be ________ vacation 3. 拍照 ________ photos 4. 努力学习 study ________ 5. 玩得开心 have a ________ time / have ________ 6. 喝橙汁 ________ orange juice 7. 放风筝 fly a ________ 8. 堆雪人 ________ a snowman Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. —How's the weather today? —It's ________ (sun). 10. Look! It ________ (rain) heavily. We can't go out. 11. The children are having fun ________ (play) in the snow. 12. —How's it ________ (go)? —Not bad. 13. They are on vacation and ________ (take) lots of photos. （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. —________ the weather like in Beijing? —It's windy. A. How's B. What's C. Where's D. When's 15. —How's it going? —________ A. It's sunny. B. By bike. C. Pretty good. D. It's raining. 16. The family is ________ vacation in Hainan. A. in B. on C. at D. for 17. It's a ________ day. Let's fly a kite in the park. A. rainy B. snowy C. windy D. cloudy 18. We are having a great time ________ in the pool. A. swim B. swimming C. to swim D. swims （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. 外面正在下大雪。 It ________ ________ heavily outside. 20. 他们在山里度假。 They are ________ vacation ________ the mountains. 21. 孩子们正在泳池边玩得开心。 The children are ________ a great time ________ by the pool. 22. 今天天气怎么样？（两种表达） ________ the weather today? / ________ the weather ________ today? 23. 我正在给我的父母拍照。 I ________ ________ photos ________ my parents. Ⅴ. 短文填空：从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） sun take play have swim Today is a beautiful day. It's 24.________ and warm. My friends and I are at the beach. Some boys are 25.________ in the sea. Some girls are 26.________ beach volleyball. My sister is 27.________ photos of the sea. We are all 28.________ a good time. 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 1. about 2. on 3. take 4. hard 5. great; fun 6. drink 7. kite 8. build Ⅱ. 9. sunny 描述天气用形容词，sun 的形容词是 sunny。 10. is raining Look! 是现在进行时的标志，主语 It 用 is raining。 11. playing "have fun doing sth."是固定结构，意为"做某事很开心"。 12. going How's it going? 是固定句型，意为'最近怎么样？'。 13. taking and 连接并列结构，与 are on vacation 并列，用 taking。 Ⅲ. 14. B What's the weather like? 是询问天气的固定句型。 15. C How's it going? 询问近况，答语用 Pretty good / Not bad 等。 16. B on vacation 是固定短语，意为"在度假"。 17. C 放风筝需要有风，windy（有风的）符合语境。 18. B "have a great time doing sth."结构，用 swimming。 Ⅳ. 19. is snowing 现在进行时，主语 It 用 is snowing。 20. on; in on vacation 在度假；in the mountains 在山里。 21. having; sitting 现在进行时，have a great time 玩得开心；sit by the pool 坐在泳池边。 22. How's; What's; like 两种询问天气的句型：How's the weather? / What's the weather like? 23. am taking; of 现在进行时，take photos of... 给……拍照。 Ⅴ. 24. sunny 描述天气用形容词 sunny。 25. swimming 现在进行时，swim 的现在分词是 swimming（双写 m）。 26. playing 现在进行时，play beach volleyball 打沙滩排球。 27. taking 现在进行时，take photos 拍照。 28. having 现在进行时，have a good time 玩得开心。 Unit 7 A Day to Remember 难忘的一天 【单元话题】谈论过去发生的事情、学校旅行、难忘的经历 【核心语法】一般过去时、规则动词和不规则动词的过去式 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 go on a school trip 参加学校旅行 visit a science museum 参观科学博物馆 get on the wrong bus 上错公交车 write down 写下；记录 all in all 总的来说 learn about 了解；得知 meet up with sb. 和某人碰面相聚 go to an exhibition 参观展览 pick vegetables 采摘蔬菜 keep a diary 写日记 be interested in 对……感兴趣 have a good time 玩得愉快 take photos 拍照 be surprised at 对……感到惊讶 a day to remember 难忘的一天 二、重点短语精讲 1. go on a school trip 参加学校旅行 【例句】We went on a school trip to the farm last Friday. 【译文】上周五我们参加了学校组织的农场旅行。 【点拨】go on a trip 表示"去旅行"，go on a school trip 特指"参加学校旅行"。注意 go 的过去式是 went。 2. all in all 总的来说 【例句】All in all, it was a wonderful day. We all had a good time. 【译文】总的来说，这是美好的一天。我们都玩得很开心。 【点拨】all in all 是总结性短语，相当于 in a word / generally speaking，常用于文章或段落结尾。 3. be interested in 对……感兴趣 【例句】I am interested in science, so I visited the science museum. 【译文】我对科学感兴趣，所以我参观了科学博物馆。 【点拨】be interested in 后接名词、代词或动名词。注意区分：interesting（有趣的，修饰物）与 interested（感兴趣的，修饰人）。 4. write down 写下；记录 【例句】Please write down your name and phone number on the paper. 【译文】请在纸上写下你的名字和电话号码。 【点拨】write down 是"动词+副词"结构，代词作宾语时必须放中间，如 write it down / write them down。 5. keep a diary 写日记 【例句】My sister keeps a diary every day. She writes about her school life. 【译文】我姐姐每天写日记。她写她的学校生活。 【点拨】keep a diary 表示"写日记"的习惯，keep 在此意为"坚持；记录"。注意 diary 的复数是 diaries。 6. be surprised at 对……感到惊讶 【例句】We were surprised at the big size of the museum. 【译文】我们对博物馆的大规模感到惊讶。 【点拨】be surprised at 后接名词、代词或动名词。surprised 修饰人，surprising 修饰事物。 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ interested vs interesting • interested：感到感兴趣的，修饰人，常用 be interested in。例如：I am interested in music. • interesting：有趣的，修饰事物。例如：The book is very interesting. ◆ surprised vs surprising • surprised：感到惊讶的，修饰人。例如：She was surprised at the news. • surprising：令人惊讶的，修饰事物。例如：The result is surprising. 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 参加学校旅行 go ________ a school trip 2. 参观科学博物馆 ________ a science museum 3. 写下；记录 write ________ 4. 总的来说 ________ in all 5. 了解；得知 learn ________ 6. 写日记 ________ a diary 7. 对……感兴趣 be ________ in 8. 对……感到惊讶 be ________ at Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. We ________ (go) on a school trip last Sunday. 10. I ________ (visit) my grandparents yesterday. 11. They ________ (take) lots of photos on the trip. 12. The children ________ (have) a good time at the zoo last weekend. 13. I ________ (be) very tired after the trip. （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. —________ did you go on vacation? —I went to Beijing. A. What B. Where C. When D. How 15. —How ________ your school trip? —It was great. A. is B. are C. was D. were 16. We ________ to the museum and ________ many interesting things. A. go; see B. went; saw C. goes; sees D. going; seeing 17. I am ________ in the ________ story. A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested 18. —Did you take any photos? —________ A. Yes, I do. B. Yes, I did. C. No, I don't. D. No, I am not. （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 句型转换。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. I went to the park yesterday.（改为否定句） I ________ ________ to the park yesterday. 20. They had a good time at the party.（改为一般疑问句） ________ they ________ a good time at the party? 21. She visited her aunt last weekend.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ she ________ last weekend? 22. We went to the museum by bus.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ you ________ to the museum? 23. The trip was exciting.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the trip? Ⅴ. 短文填空：用所给动词的正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） Last Saturday, our class 24.________ (go) on a school trip. We 25.________ (visit) a science museum. We 26.________ (see) many interesting things and 27.________ (learn) a lot about science. We also 28.________ (take) lots of photos. All in all, it was a great day. 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 1. on 2. visit 3. down 4. all 5. about 6. keep 7. interested 8. surprised Ⅱ. 9. went last Sunday 是一般过去时的标志，go 的过去式是 went。 10. visited yesterday 是一般过去时的标志，visit 的过去式是 visited。 11. took 描述过去的事情，take 的过去式是 took。 12. had last weekend 是一般过去时的标志，have 的过去式是 had。 13. was 主语 I，be 动词的过去式用 was。 Ⅲ. 14. B 根据答语"去了北京"可知，问句是询问地点，用 Where。 15. C your school trip 是单数，且描述过去的事情，用 was。 16. B 描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，go→went，see→saw。 17. B be interested in（对……感兴趣）修饰人；interesting（有趣的）修饰事物。 18. B Did 引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用 Yes, 主语+did. Ⅳ. 19. didn't go 一般过去时的否定句借助 didn't，后接动词原形。 20. Did; have 一般过去时的一般疑问句借助 Did，后接动词原形。 21. What did; do 对动作提问用 What，后接一般疑问句语序。 22. How did; go 对交通方式提问用 How，后接一般疑问句语序。 23. How was 对感受/评价提问用 How，主语 the trip 是单数，用 was。 Ⅴ. 24. went Last Saturday 是一般过去时的标志，go 的过去式是 went。 25. visited 一般过去时，visit 的过去式是 visited。 26. saw 一般过去时，see 的过去式是 saw。 27. learned/learnt 一般过去时，learn 的过去式是 learned 或 learnt。 28. took 一般过去时，take 的过去式是 took。 Unit 8 Once upon a Time 从前 【单元话题】讲述童话故事、描述过去发生的事情、表达故事寓意 【核心语法】一般过去时（不规则动词）、故事叙述 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 once upon a time 从前；很久以前 at first 起初；最初 in the end 最后；终于 lie to sb. 对某人撒谎 tell the truth 说实话 save one's life 救某人的命 go away 走开 promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 laugh at 嘲笑 search for 寻找；搜寻 to one's surprise 出乎某人意料 make fun of 取笑；嘲弄 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 alone / by oneself 独自；单独 come out 出来；出版；（花）开放 二、重点短语精讲 1. once upon a time 从前；很久以前 【例句】Once upon a time, there was a beautiful princess in a small kingdom. 【译文】从前，在一个小王国里有一位美丽的公主。 【点拨】once upon a time 是童话故事的经典开头，相当于 long long ago，用于一般过去时的故事叙述。 2. at first / in the end 起初；最初 / 最后；终于 【例句】At first, I didn't like the story. But in the end, I found it very interesting. 【译文】起初，我不喜欢这个故事。但最后，我发现它很有趣。 【点拨】at first 表示"起初"，常与后来的情况形成对比；in the end 表示"最后；终于"，相当于 at last / finally。 3. promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 【例句】The little mouse promised to help the lion one day. 【译文】小老鼠承诺将来有一天会帮助狮子。 【点拨】promise 后接动词不定式（to do），也可接双宾语 promise sb. sth.（承诺某人某事）。 4. laugh at / make fun of 嘲笑；取笑 【例句】Don't laugh at people who are in trouble. / Don't make fun of others. 【译文】不要嘲笑处于困境中的人。/ 不要取笑别人。 【点拨】两者同义，都表示"嘲笑；取笑"，后接名词或代词。注意 at 和 of 都是介词。 5. to one's surprise 出乎某人意料 【例句】To my surprise, the little boy could speak English very well. 【译文】令我惊讶的是，这个小男孩英语说得很好。 【点拨】to one's surprise 中的 one's 要用形容词性物主代词（my/your/his/her等）。类似结构：to one's joy（令某人高兴的是）。 6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 【例句】The ugly duckling decided to leave home and look for a better life. 【译文】丑小鸭决定离开家，去寻找更好的生活。 【点拨】decide 后接动词不定式（to do），名词形式是 decision，make a decision 表示"做决定"。 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ alone vs lonely • alone：独自的/地，强调客观上独自一人，没有感情色彩。例如：He lives alone. • lonely：孤独的，强调主观上感到孤独寂寞，有感情色彩。例如：He feels lonely. ◆ lie（说谎）vs lie（躺）vs lay（下蛋） • lie—lied—lied：说谎，规则变化。例如：He lied to me. • lie—lay—lain：躺；位于，不规则变化。例如：She lay on the bed. • lay—laid—laid：下蛋；放置，不规则变化。例如：The hen laid an egg. 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 从前 once ________ a time 2. 起初 ________ first 3. 最后 ________ the end 4. 对某人撒谎 lie ________ sb. 5. 说实话 tell the ________ 6. 承诺做某事 promise ________ do sth. 7. 嘲笑 laugh ________ 8. 决定做某事 decide ________ do sth. Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. Once upon a time, there ________ (be) a poor farmer. 10. The boy ________ (lie) to his mother yesterday. 11. She ________ (decide) to study hard from then on. 12. The little girl ________ (go) away without saying anything. 13. We ________ (laugh) at the funny story just now. （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. Once upon a time, there ________ an old man living in the mountain. A. is B. was C. are D. were 15. The little boy ________ to his teacher, so the teacher was angry. A. lie B. lied C. lay D. laid 16. ________ my surprise, he finished the work in an hour. A. In B. On C. To D. At 17. The old man lives ________, but he never feels ________. A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely 18. —What did the princess promise ________? —She promised ________ the prince. A. do; help B. to do; to help C. doing; helping D. did; helped （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. 从前，有一只会说话的猫。 ________ ________ a time, there ________ a cat that could talk. 20. 起初，没有人相信他的话。 ________ ________, nobody believed his words. 21. 最后，小老鼠救了狮子的命。 ________ ________ ________, the little mouse ________ the lion's life. 22. 不要嘲笑遇到困难的人。 Don't ________ ________ people who are in trouble. 23. 令我惊讶的是，他通过了考试。 ________ ________ ________, he passed the exam. Ⅴ. 短文填空：从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） be go decide promise save Once upon a time, there 24.________ a little mouse. One day, he met a lion in the forest. The lion was caught in a net. The mouse 25.________ to help him. He 26.________ to bite through the net. Finally, the mouse 27.________ the lion's life. The lion 28.________ away with the mouse. They became good friends. 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 1. upon 2. at 3. in 4. to 5. truth 6. to 7. at 8. to Ⅱ. 9. was Once upon a time 是一般过去时的标志，a poor farmer 是单数，用 was。 10. lied yesterday 是一般过去时的标志，lie（说谎）的过去式是 lied。 11. decided from then on（从那时起）是一般过去时的标志，decide 的过去式是 decided。 12. went 描述过去的事情，go 的过去式是 went。 13. laughed just now（刚才）是一般过去时的标志，laugh 的过去式是 laughed。 Ⅲ. 14. B Once upon a time 是一般过去时的标志，an old man 是单数，用 was。 15. B 根据后句"老师很生气"可知，男孩对老师撒谎了，lie（说谎）的过去式是 lied。 16. C to one's surprise 是固定短语，意为'令某人惊讶的是'。 17. A alone 表示客观上独自一人；lonely 表示主观上感到孤独。 18. B "promise to do sth."是固定结构，意为"承诺做某事"。 Ⅳ. 19. Once upon; was once upon a time 从前；there be 句型，a cat 是单数，用 was。 20. At first at first 意为"起初；最初"。 21. In the end; saved in the end 最后；save 的过去式是 saved。 22. laugh at laugh at 意为"嘲笑"，Don't 后接动词原形。 23. To my surprise to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是。 Ⅴ. 24. was Once upon a time 是一般过去时的标志，a little mouse 是单数，用 was。 25. promised promise to do sth. 承诺做某事，过去式 promised。 26. decided decide to do sth. 决定做某事，过去式 decided。 27. saved save one's life 救某人的命，过去式 saved。 28. went go away 走开，过去式 went。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $