第21卷 词汇+语法+单句识错-【2027版】吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦语言基础知识综合运用，通过词汇、语法、单句识错三维度限时训练，强化语境中语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇知识|10题|四选一单选（语境词汇辨析）|动词短语/形容词/名词在情境中的准确运用| |语法知识|20题|四选一单选（语法规则应用）|从基础时态到从句/非谓语的语法规则递进| |单句识错|20题|单句错误识别（语法/词汇纠错）|针对常见语法错误（主谓一致/时态等）的精准识别|

编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题卷编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为第21卷，组合训练词汇知识、语法知识和单句识错，侧重语言基础知识综合运用。 【2027版】吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第21卷 词汇+语法+单句识错 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ Ⅰ.词汇知识（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 1. The room is dark. Please _____ the light. A. turn on B. put on C. try on D. get on 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：房间很暗。请打开灯。 A. turn on（打开）；B. put on（穿上）；C. try on（试穿）；D. get on（上车）。turn on表示“打开电器”，符合语境。故选A。 2. We should speak _____ in the reading room. A. quietly B. loudly C. slowly D. angrily 【答案】A 【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：我们在阅览室应该轻声说话。 A. quietly（安静地）；B. loudly（大声地）；C. slowly（慢慢地）；D. angrily（生气地）。quietly表示“安静地，轻声地”，符合语境。故选A。 3. The old man felt _____ after the students helped him. A. round B. cloudy C. cheap D. thankful 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：学生们帮助老人后，老人感到很感激。 A. round（圆的）；B. cloudy（多云的）；C. cheap（便宜的）；D. thankful（感激的）。thankful表示“感激的”。故选D。 4. There are many _____ on the hill in spring. A. lights B. flowers C. minutes D. letters 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：春天山上有许多花。 A. lights（灯）；B. flowers（花）；C. minutes（分钟）；D. letters（信件）。flowers表示“花”。故选B。 5. Please _____ the new words in your notebook. A. write down B. fall down C. sit down D. cut down 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：请把生词写在你的笔记本上。 A. write down（写下）；B. fall down（跌倒）；C. sit down（坐下）；D. cut down（砍倒）。write down表示“写下”。故选A。 6. The bus was full, so we had to _____ for the next one. A. wait B. look C. count D. move 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：公交车满了，所以我们不得不等下一辆。 A. wait（等待）；B. look（看）；C. count（数数）；D. move（移动）。wait表示“等待”。故选A。 7. This question is not difficult. I can answer it _____. A. heavily B. badly C. nearly D. easily 【答案】D 【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：这道题不难。我能轻松回答。 A. heavily（沉重地）；B. badly（糟糕地）；C. nearly（nearly）；D. easily（容易地）。easily表示“容易地，轻松地”。故选D。 8. My uncle keeps running every morning to stay _____. A. broken B. noisy C. healthy D. empty 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：我叔叔每天早晨坚持跑步以保持健康。 A. broken（坏的）；B. noisy（吵闹的）；C. healthy（健康的）；D. empty（空的）。healthy表示“健康的”。故选C。 9. The library is _____ from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. A. young B. open C. short D. sweet 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：图书馆从上午8点到下午6点开放。 A. young（年轻的）；B. open（开放的）；C. short（短的）；D. sweet（甜的）。open表示“开放的”。故选B。 10. Don’t _____ your keys at home again. A. lend B. wash C. forget D. draw 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：不要再把钥匙忘在家里。 A. lend（借出）；B. wash（洗）；C. forget（忘记）；D. draw（画）。forget表示“忘记”。故选C。 Ⅱ.语法知识（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分） 11. My brother _____ basketball every Sunday. A. plays B. play C. played D. playing 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般现在时。句意：我弟弟每周日打篮球。 A. plays（打，第三人称单数）；B. play（打，动词原形）；C. played（打，过去式）；D. playing（打，现在分词）。主语My brother为第三人称单数，谓语用plays。故选A。 12. The students _____ a song when I entered the room. A. sing B. were singing C. are singing D. will sing 【答案】B 【详解】考查过去进行时。句意：我走进房间时，学生们正在唱歌。 A. sing（唱，原形）；B. were singing（正在唱，过去进行时）；C. are singing（正在唱，现在进行时）；D. will sing（将唱）。when引导过去时间点，主句用过去进行时。故选B。 13. This ruler is longer _____ that one. A. than B. as C. to D. with 【答案】A 【详解】考查比较级。句意：这把尺子比那把长。 A. than（比）；B. as（像/作为）；C. to（到/向）；D. with（和/用）。longer为比较级，后接than。故选A。 14. The letters _____ by the monitor yesterday. A. send B. sent C. are sending D. were sent 【答案】D 【详解】考查一般过去时被动语态。句意：这些信昨天由班长寄出了。 A. send（寄，原形）；B. sent（寄，过去式/过去分词）；C. are sending（正在寄）；D. were sent（被寄出，过去时被动）。letters与send为被动关系，且yesterday提示过去，应用were sent。故选D。 15. I have learned English _____ three years. A. for B. since C. at D. on 【答案】A 【详解】考查现在完成时时间状语。句意：我已经学英语三年了。 A. for（持续……时间）；B. since（自从……以来）；C. at（在）；D. on（在具体某天/在上面）。three years为时间段，应用for。故选A。 16. Do you know _____ the train leaves? A. what B. where C. when D. who 【答案】C 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：你知道火车什么时候离开吗？ A. what（什么）；B. where（哪里）；C. when（什么时候）；D. who（谁）。询问时间，用when。故选C。 17. The boy _____ father is a doctor studies hard. A. who B. which C. whose D. where 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：父亲是医生的那个男孩学习努力。 A. who（谁）；B. which（哪一个）；C. whose（谁的）；D. where（哪里）。whose表示所属关系。故选C。 18. It is nice of you _____ me with the box. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 【答案】B 【详解】考查不定式结构。句意：你帮我搬这个箱子真好。 A. help（帮助，原形）；B. to help（去帮助，不定式）；C. helping（帮助，动名词）；D. helped（帮助，过去式）。It is nice of sb. to do sth.为固定句式。故选B。 19. You must finish your homework before you _____ TV. A. will watch B. watched C. watch D. are watching 【答案】C 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：你必须先完成作业再看电视。 A. will watch（将观看）；B. watched（观看，过去式）；C. watch（观看）；D. are watching（正在观看）。before引导时间状语从句，主句含must，从句用一般现在时。故选C。 20. _____ useful advice it is! A. How B. What a C. What D. How a 【答案】C 【详解】考查感叹句。句意：这是多么有用的建议啊！ A. How（多么，修饰形容词或副词）；B. What a（多么一个）；C. What（多么，修饰名词）；D. How a（错误搭配）。advice为不可数名词，感叹句用What+形容词+不可数名词。故选C。 21. There _____ some milk in the glass. A. are B. were C. be D. is 【答案】D 【详解】考查there be句型。句意：玻璃杯里有一些牛奶。 A. are（是，复数形式）；B. were（是，过去式复数）；C. be（be动词原形）；D. is（是，单数形式）。milk为不可数名词，be动词用is。故选D。 22. She is too young _____ the heavy bag. A. carry B. carrying C. carried D. to carry 【答案】D 【详解】考查too...to结构。句意：她太小了，搬不动这个重包。 A. carry（搬，原形）；B. carrying（搬，动名词）；C. carried（搬，过去式）；D. to carry（去搬，不定式）。too...to do表示“太……而不能……”。故选D。 23. The classroom must _____ clean every day. A. keep B. kept C. be kept D. keeping 【答案】C 【详解】考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：教室必须每天保持干净。 A. keep（保持，原形）；B. kept（保持，过去式/过去分词）；C. be kept（被保持）；D. keeping（保持，动名词）。classroom与keep为被动关系，must后用be kept。故选C。 24. I don’t like this blue pen. Please show me _____ one. A. other B. another C. others D. the others 【答案】B 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：我不喜欢这支蓝色钢笔。请给我看另一支。 A. other（其他的）；B. another（另一个，泛指）；C. others（其他人/物）；D. the others（the others）。another表示泛指“另一个”。故选B。 25. Neither my parents nor I _____ free this afternoon. A. are B. is C. am D. be 【答案】C 【详解】考查就近原则。句意：今天下午我父母和我都没有空。 A. are（是，复数形式）；B. is（是，单数形式）；C. am（是，主语为I）；D. be（be动词原形）。neither...nor...遵循就近原则，靠近be的是I，应用am。故选C。 26. The book _____ on the desk is Mary’s. A. lying B. lies C. lie D. lay 【答案】A 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意：桌上放着的那本书是Mary的。 A. lying（放置，现在分词）；B. lies（lies）；C. lie（lie）；D. lay（放置，过去式）。book与lie为主动关系，用lying作后置定语。故选A。 27. We will go hiking if the weather _____ fine tomorrow. A. is B. will be C. was D. be 【答案】A 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果明天天气好，我们将去徒步。 A. is（是，单数形式）；B. will be（will be）；C. was（是，过去式）；D. be（be动词原形）。if条件句用一般现在时代替将来。故选A。 28. He asked me _____ I could help him. A. that B. where C. if D. what 【答案】C 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：他问我是否能帮助他。 A. that（引导词/关系代词）；B. where（哪里）；C. if（是否/如果）；D. what（什么）。表示“是否”用if。故选C。 29. The teacher told us _____ in the river. A. not swim B. don’t swim C. not to swim D. not swimming 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词不定式否定形式。句意：老师告诉我们不要在河里游泳。 A. not swim（不要游泳，形式不完整）；B. don’t swim（不要游泳，祈使句否定）；C. not to swim（不要游泳，不定式否定）；D. not swimming（不游泳，动名词否定）。tell sb. not to do sth.为固定结构。故选C。 30. This is _____ interesting story that I want to read it again. A. so B. such an C. such D. too 【答案】B 【详解】考查such...that结构。句意：这是一个如此有趣的故事，以至于我想再读一遍。 A. so（如此，修饰形容词或副词）；B. such an（如此一个）；C. such（如此，修饰名词）；D. too（太）。story为可数名词单数，应用such an interesting story。故选B。 Ⅲ.单句识错（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分） 下列每个句子中A、B、C、D四个画线部分有一处错误，请选出错误的一项。 31. The boys [A]plays [B]football [C]on [D]the playground after school. 【答案】A 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：放学后，男孩们在操场上踢足球。 主语The boys为复数，一般现在时谓语应用play。本句错误处为A项“plays”，应改为“play”。故选A。 32. There [A]are [B]a [C]book [D]and two pens in the bag. 【答案】A 【详解】考查there be就近原则。句意：包里有一本书和两支钢笔。 there be遵循就近原则，靠近be的是a book，应用is。本句错误处为A项“are”，应改为“is”。故选A。 33. [A]Mary [B]her [C]homework [D]does at seven last night. 【答案】D 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：Mary昨晚七点做了作业。 last night提示过去时间，谓语应用did。本句错误处为D项“does”，应改为“did”。故选D。 34. My mother [A]asks [B]me [C]get up [D]early every day. 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈要求我每天早起。 ask sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”。本句错误处为C项“get up”，应改为“to get up”。故选C。 35. The apples on [A]the [B]we [C]table [D]are. 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词性物主代词。句意：桌上的苹果是我们的。 空处作表语表示“我们的”，应用ours。本句错误处为B项“we”，应改为“ours”。故选B。 36. I [A]enjoy [B]listen [C]English [D]songs in the morning. 【答案】B 【详解】考查动名词和固定搭配。句意：我喜欢早晨听英文歌曲。 enjoy后接动名词，listen to表示“听”。本句错误处为B项“listen”，应改为“listening to”。故选B。 37. The [A]classroom [B]is [C]much [D]clean than before. 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：教室比以前干净多了。 than before提示比较级，应用cleaner。本句错误处为D项“clean”，应改为“cleaner”。故选D。 38. The [A]girl [B]which [C]is [D]reading under the tree is my friend. 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：正在树下读书的女孩是我的朋友。 先行词girl指人，关系代词应用who。本句错误处为B项“which”，应改为“who”。故选B。 39. If [A]he [B]will have [C]time [D]tomorrow, he will visit his grandma. 【答案】B 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果他明天有时间，他会去看望奶奶。 if条件句用一般现在时代替将来。本句错误处为B项“will have”，应改为“has”。故选B。 40. [A]The [B]windows [C]every [D]clean Friday. 【答案】D 【详解】考查一般现在时被动语态。句意：窗户每周五被清洁。 windows与clean为被动关系，应用are cleaned。本句错误处为D项“clean”，应改为“are cleaned”。故选D。 41. Could you tell [A]me [B]where is [C]the [D]nearest bank is. 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句语序。句意：你能告诉我最近的银行在哪里吗？ 宾语从句应用陈述语序，连接词where后接陈述句。本句错误处为B项“where is”，应改为“where”。故选B。 42. The students [A]are [B]old [C]enough [D]finish the work by themselves. 【答案】D 【详解】考查enough to do结构。句意：学生们足够大，可以自己完成这项工作。 old enough to do表示“足够大可以做某事”。本句错误处为D项“finish”，应改为“to finish”。故选D。 43. He has lived [A]in [B]this [C]town [D]for 2021. 【答案】D 【详解】考查现在完成时时间状语。句意：他自2021年以来一直住在这个镇上。 2021为时间点，应用since。本句错误处为D项“for”，应改为“since”。故选D。 44. [A]Thinking [B]carefully, [C]and [D]you will find the answer. 【答案】A 【详解】考查祈使句。句意：认真思考，你就会找到答案。 此处为“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构，应用动词原形Think。本句错误处为A项“Thinking”，应改为“Think。故选A。 45. This is the [A]best [B]gift [C]which [D]I have received. 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：这是我收到过的最好的礼物。 先行词被最高级best修饰时，关系代词常用that。本句错误处为C项“which”，应改为“that”。故选C。 46. Neither Tom [A]nor [B]his [C]sisters [D]is at home now. 【答案】D 【详解】考查就近原则。句意：Tom和他的姐妹们现在都不在家。 neither...nor...遵循就近原则，靠近be的是his sisters，应用are。本句错误处为D项“is”，应改为“are”。故选D。 47. [A]Please [B]remember [C]your [D]bring notebook to school tomorrow. 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：请记得明天把你的笔记本带到这里。 remember to do表示记得去做某事。本句错误处为D项“bring”，应改为“to bring”。故选D。 48. The meeting [A]will hold [B]in [C]the [D]school hall next Monday. 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般将来时被动语态。句意：会议下周一将在学校礼堂举行。 meeting与hold为被动关系，且next Monday提示将来，应用will be held。本句错误处为A项“will hold”，应改为“will be held”。故选A。 49. It is important for [A]us [B]drink [C]enough [D]water every day. 【答案】B 【详解】考查it固定句式。句意：每天喝足够的水对我们来说很重要。 It is important for sb. to do sth.为固定句式。本句错误处为B项“drink”，应改为“to drink”。故选B。 50. [A]What [B]a fine [C]weather [D]it is today. 【答案】B 【详解】考查感叹句。句意：今天天气真好啊！ weather为不可数名词，感叹句应用What fine weather。本句错误处为B项“a fine”，应改为“fine”。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题卷编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为第21卷，组合训练词汇知识、语法知识和单句识错，侧重语言基础知识综合运用。 【2027版】吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第21卷 词汇+语法+单句识错 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ Ⅰ.词汇知识（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 1. The room is dark. Please _____ the light. A. turn on B. put on C. try on D. get on 2. We should speak _____ in the reading room. A. quietly B. loudly C. slowly D. angrily 3. The old man felt _____ after the students helped him. A. round B. cloudy C. cheap D. thankful 4. There are many _____ on the hill in spring. A. lights B. flowers C. minutes D. letters 5. Please _____ the new words in your notebook. A. write down B. fall down C. sit down D. cut down 6. The bus was full, so we had to _____ for the next one. A. wait B. look C. count D. move 7. This question is not difficult. I can answer it _____. A. heavily B. badly C. nearly D. easily 8. My uncle keeps running every morning to stay _____. A. broken B. noisy C. healthy D. empty 9. The library is _____ from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. A. young B. open C. short D. sweet 10. Don’t _____ your keys at home again. A. lend B. wash C. forget D. draw Ⅱ.语法知识（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分） 11. My brother _____ basketball every Sunday. A. plays B. play C. played D. playing 12. The students _____ a song when I entered the room. A. sing B. were singing C. are singing D. will sing 13. This ruler is longer _____ that one. A. than B. as C. to D. with 14. The letters _____ by the monitor yesterday. A. send B. sent C. are sending D. were sent 15. I have learned English _____ three years. A. for B. since C. at D. on 16. Do you know _____ the train leaves? A. what B. where C. when D. who 17. The boy _____ father is a doctor studies hard. A. who B. which C. whose D. where 18. It is nice of you _____ me with the box. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 19. You must finish your homework before you _____ TV. A. will watch B. watched C. watch D. are watching 20. _____ useful advice it is! A. How B. What a C. What D. How a 21. There _____ some milk in the glass. A. are B. were C. be D. is 22. She is too young _____ the heavy bag. A. carry B. carrying C. carried D. to carry 23. The classroom must _____ clean every day. A. keep B. kept C. be kept D. keeping 24. I don’t like this blue pen. Please show me _____ one. A. other B. another C. others D. the others 25. Neither my parents nor I _____ free this afternoon. A. are B. is C. am D. be 26. The book _____ on the desk is Mary’s. A. lying B. lies C. lie D. lay 27. We will go hiking if the weather _____ fine tomorrow. A. is B. will be C. was D. be 28. He asked me _____ I could help him. A. that B. where C. if D. what 29. The teacher told us _____ in the river. A. not swim B. don’t swim C. not to swim D. not swimming 30. This is _____ interesting story that I want to read it again. A. so B. such an C. such D. too Ⅲ.单句识错（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分） 下列每个句子中A、B、C、D四个画线部分有一处错误，请选出错误的一项。 31. The boys [A]plays [B]football [C]on [D]the playground after school. 32. There [A]are [B]a [C]book [D]and two pens in the bag. 33. [A]Mary [B]her [C]homework [D]does at seven last night. 34. My mother [A]asks [B]me [C]get up [D]early every day. 35. The apples on [A]the [B]we [C]table [D]are. 36. I [A]enjoy [B]listen [C]English [D]songs in the morning. 37. The [A]classroom [B]is [C]much [D]clean than before. 38. The [A]girl [B]which [C]is [D]reading under the tree is my friend. 39. If [A]he [B]will have [C]time [D]tomorrow, he will visit his grandma. 40. [A]The [B]windows [C]every [D]clean Friday. 41. Could you tell [A]me [B]where is [C]the [D]nearest bank is. 42. The students [A]are [B]old [C]enough [D]finish the work by themselves. 43. He has lived [A]in [B]this [C]town [D]for 2021. 44. [A]Thinking [B]carefully, [C]and [D]you will find the answer. 45. This is the [A]best [B]gift [C]which [D]I have received. 46. Neither Tom [A]nor [B]his [C]sisters [D]is at home now. 47. [A]Please [B]remember [C]your [D]bring notebook to school tomorrow. 48. The meeting [A]will hold [B]in [C]the [D]school hall next Monday. 49. It is important for [A]us [B]drink [C]enough [D]water every day. 50. [A]What [B]a fine [C]weather [D]it is today. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $