第5卷 词汇知识（进阶词汇短语）-【2027版】吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦进阶词汇短语辨析，通过40题限时训练系统覆盖动词短语、介词搭配及易混词考点，强化语境中词汇应用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |动词短语辨析|约30题（如agree系列、turn down、look into）|设置4个易混动词短语选项，通过具体语境考查搭配规则|按"动词+小品词"组合规律分类，从基础搭配（agree on/about/to）到引申义（turn down拒绝）构建应用链条| |形近词及易混词辨析|约10题（如affect/effect、except/accept）|选取词形或词义相近词汇，考查语法功能与语义差异|从词形关联（rise/raise）到用法区别（belong to无被动），形成"形-义-用"三维辨析逻辑|

编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题卷编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为第5卷，聚焦进阶词汇与短语辨析，覆盖动词短语、介词固定搭配、形近词及易混词辨析，全卷共40小题，每小题2.5分，满分100分。 【2027版】吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第5卷 词汇知识（进阶词汇短语） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ 词汇知识（共40小题，每小题2.5分，满分100分） 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. We finally _______ a date for the meeting after a long discussion. A. agreed to B. agreed about C. agreed on D. agreed with 2. The manager finally _______ our request to change the working hours. A. agreed to B. agreed with C. agreed on D. agreed about 3. He _______ the job offer because the salary was too low. A. turned up B. turned on C. turned off D. turned down 4. The police promised to _______ the matter as soon as possible. A. look up B. look into C. look up to D. look out 5. Whether we go for a picnic _______ the weather tomorrow. A. looks on B. relies on C. insists on D. depends on 6. She decided to _______ all her old clothes to the charity. A. give up B. give in C. give away D. give off 7. The scientists _______ a series of experiments to test the new medicine. A. gave out B. found out C. made out D. carried out 8. She finally _______ passing the driving test after three attempts. A. gave in B. called in C. succeeded in D. broke in 9. The little boy really _______ his father. They have the same smile. A. takes up B. takes after C. takes in D. takes off 10. The bad weather seriously _______ the farmers' harvest this year. A. resulted B. caused C. affected D. effected 11. The sports meeting was _______ until next Friday because of the rain. A. put off B. put away C. put down D. put out 12. My car _______ on the way to work, so I had to take a taxi. A. broke up B. broke out C. broke down D. broke in 13. The sun _______ in the east and sets in the west every day. A. raises B. rises C. lifts D. arises 14. This book _______ me. My name is written on the first page. A. is belonged to B. belongs to C. belonged to D. belonging to 15. Don't _______ your dream even if you face many difficulties. A. give away B. give in C. give out D. give up 16. Students are taught to _______ the elderly and show respect for them. A. look down on B. look up to C. look forward to D. look back on 17. The football match was _______ because of the heavy storm. A. called off B. called on C. called up D. called out 18. Can I _______ your dictionary for a while? I will return it soon. A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. use 19. All the students are _______ the coming winter holiday. A. looking into B. looking forward to C. looking up D. looking for 20. My mother always _______ cooking healthy meals for the family. A. gives up B. depends on C. calls on D. insists on 21. They plan to _______ a new company to sell hand-made products online. A. set up B. set off C. set down D. set out 22. The heavy rain _______ us from going out for the picnic yesterday. A. kept B. saved C. avoided D. prevented 23. If you _______ his earlier works, his new novel shows great progress. A. compare on B. compare to C. compare about D. compare with 24. All the students went to the museum _______ Tom, who was ill that day. A. accept B. except C. expect D. expert 25. I _______ an old classmate at the supermarket yesterday. What a surprise! A. ran over B. ran off C. ran into D. ran out 26. When Mr. Smith retires, his son will _______ the family business. A. take over B. take up C. take in D. take off 27. You need to _______ your studies if you want to pass the exam. A. put on B. turn on C. get on D. concentrate on 28. He was tired and wanted to _______ down on the sofa for a while. A. lay B. lain C. laid D. lie 29. The new student seems nice and I believe we will _______ well with each other. A. get along B. get away C. get through D. get over 30. Eating too much junk food can _______ health problems in the long run. A. result from B. deal with C. result in D. come from 31. The boy _______ an excuse for being late, but the teacher did not believe him. A. make out B. make for C. make up D. make off 32. She was _______ by her grandmother after her parents went abroad to work. A. brought up B. brought out C. brought in D. brought back 33. If you need _______ information, please feel free to contact us. A. further B. farther C. more far D. far more 34. I cannot _______ his rude behavior any longer. I must talk to him. A. put away B. put up with C. put down D. put off 35. The manager has a lot of problems to _______ every single day. A. agree with B. begin with C. meet with D. deal with 36. While cleaning the attic, I _______ some old photos of my parents. A. came across B. came down C. came along D. came out 37. She is very _______ to what others say about her and gets upset easily. A. sensible B. sensitive C. smart D. serious 38. It took him several months to _______ to the new working environment. A. adopt B. adapt C. adjust D. admit 39. The school will _______ students with all the books they need for the course. A. offer B. supply C. provide D. give 40. The party _______ to be a great success. Everyone had a wonderful time. A. turned up B. turned on C. turned out D. turned down 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题卷编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为第5卷，聚焦进阶词汇与短语辨析，覆盖动词短语、介词固定搭配、形近词及易混词辨析，全卷共40小题，每小题2.5分，满分100分。 【2027版】吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第5卷 词汇知识（进阶词汇短语） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ 词汇知识（共40小题，每小题2.5分，满分100分） 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. We finally _______ a date for the meeting after a long discussion. A. agreed to B. agreed about C. agreed on D. agreed with 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过长时间讨论后我们最终商定了会议的日期。C. agreed on商定（双方或多方就某事达成一致）；D. agreed with同意某人（的观点）；A. agreed to同意某事（后接plan/proposal等）；B. agreed about就某事有相同看法。根据a date可知，是双方共同商定日期。故选C。 2. The manager finally _______ our request to change the working hours. A. agreed to B. agreed with C. agreed on D. agreed about 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：经理最终同意了我们更改工作时间的请求。A. agreed to同意某事（后接request/proposal/plan等）；B. agreed with同意某人；C. agreed on双方商定；D. agreed about看法一致。根据our request可知，是同意了某项请求。故选A。 3. He _______ the job offer because the salary was too low. A. turned up B. turned on C. turned off D. turned down 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他拒绝了这份工作邀请，因为工资太低了。D. turned down拒绝；A. turned up出现、调大（音量）；B. turned on打开；C. turned off关闭。根据salary was too low可知，是拒绝了工作。故选D。 4. The police promised to _______ the matter as soon as possible. A. look up B. look into C. look up to D. look out 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：警方承诺尽快调查此事。A. look up查阅、向上看；B. look into调查；C. look up to尊敬；D. look out小心。根据the matter和police可知，警方需要调查此事。故选B。 5. Whether we go for a picnic _______ the weather tomorrow. A. looks on B. relies on C. insists on D. depends on 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们明天是否去野餐取决于天气。A. looks on旁观；B. relies on依赖；C. insists on坚持；D. depends on取决于。根据the weather可知，是否去野餐取决于天气状况。故选D。 6. She decided to _______ all her old clothes to the charity. A. give up B. give in C. give away D. give off 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她决定把所有旧衣服捐给慈善机构。A. give up放弃；B. give in屈服；C. give away赠送、捐赠；D. give off发出（光、热等）。根据to the charity可知，是把衣服捐赠出去。故选C。 7. The scientists _______ a series of experiments to test the new medicine. A. gave out B. found out C. made out D. carried out 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：科学家们进行了一系列实验来测试新药。A. gave out分发、耗尽；B. found out查明；C. made out辨认出；D. carried out执行、进行。根据experiments可知，是进行实验。故选D。 8. She finally _______ passing the driving test after three attempts. A. gave in B. called in C. succeeded in D. broke in 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：经过三次尝试后她终于成功通过了驾照考试。A. gave in屈服；B. called in召来；C. succeeded in成功做某事；D. broke in闯入。根据passing the driving test可知，是成功通过考试。故选C。 9. The little boy really _______ his father. They have the same smile. A. takes up B. takes after C. takes in D. takes off 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：那个小男孩真的很像他的父亲，他们有同样的笑容。A. takes up开始从事、占据；B. takes after长得像；C. takes in吸收、欺骗；D. takes off起飞、脱下。根据same smile可知，儿子长得像父亲。故选B。 10. The bad weather seriously _______ the farmers' harvest this year. A. resulted B. caused C. affected D. effected 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：恶劣天气严重影响了农民今年的收成。A. resulted导致（result in）；B. caused引起、造成；C. affected影响（动词）；D. effected实现（动词，effect作为动词意为实现、引起，与affect易混淆）。harvest作宾语需要一个及物动词表示影响。故选C。 11. The sports meeting was _______ until next Friday because of the rain. A. put off B. put away C. put down D. put out 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于下雨，运动会被推迟到下周五。A. put off推迟；B. put away收好；C. put down放下、镇压；D. put out熄灭。根据until next Friday可知，是推迟到下周。故选A。 12. My car _______ on the way to work, so I had to take a taxi. A. broke up B. broke out C. broke down D. broke in 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的车在上班路上坏了，所以我不得不打车。A. broke up分手、打碎；B. broke out爆发；C. broke down出故障、抛锚；D. broke in闯入。根据car可知，是车出故障抛锚。故选C。 13. The sun _______ in the east and sets in the west every day. A. raises B. rises C. lifts D. arises 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：太阳每天从东方升起，在西方落下。A. raises举起（及物动词，后接宾语）；B. rises升起（不及物动词）；C. lifts抬起、举起；D. arises出现、产生。太阳升起用rise，是不及物动词。故选B。 14. This book _______ me. My name is written on the first page. A. is belonged to B. belongs to C. belonged to D. belonging to 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词搭配。句意：这本书属于我，我的名字写在第一页。A. is belonged to语法错误（belong不用于被动语态）；B. belongs to属于（一般现在时）；C. belonged to过去时；D. belonging to现在分词形式。陈述事实用一般现在时，且belong不能用被动。故选B。 15. Don't _______ your dream even if you face many difficulties. A. give away B. give in C. give out D. give up 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：即使面对很多困难，也不要放弃你的梦想。A. give away捐赠；B. give in屈服；C. give out分发、耗尽；D. give up放弃。根据your dream可知，是不要放弃梦想。故选D。 16. Students are taught to _______ the elderly and show respect for them. A. look down on B. look up to C. look forward to D. look back on 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：学生们被教导要尊敬老人并尊重他们。A. look down on看不起；B. look up to尊敬；C. look forward to期待；D. look back on回顾。根据show respect可知，是尊敬老人。故选B。 17. The football match was _______ because of the heavy storm. A. called off B. called on C. called up D. called out 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：足球赛因为暴风雨被取消了。A. called off取消；B. called on拜访、号召；C. called up打电话、征召；D. called out大声喊叫。根据heavy storm可知，比赛被取消了。故选A。 18. Can I _______ your dictionary for a while? I will return it soon. A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. use 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我能借用一下你的字典吗？我很快还给你。A. borrow借入；B. lend借出；C. keep保留；D. use使用。说话者从对方处借入东西，应用borrow。故选A。 19. All the students are _______ the coming winter holiday. A. looking into B. looking forward to C. looking up D. looking for 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：所有学生都在期待即将到来的寒假。A. looking into调查；B. looking forward to期待；C. looking up查阅；D. looking for寻找。根据the coming winter holiday可知，是期待寒假的到来。故选B。 20. My mother always _______ cooking healthy meals for the family. A. gives up B. depends on C. calls on D. insists on 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我妈妈总是坚持为家人做健康的饭菜。A. gives up放弃；B. depends on取决于；C. calls on拜访、号召；D. insists on坚持。根据always和cooking可知，是坚持做某事。故选D。 21. They plan to _______ a new company to sell hand-made products online. A. set up B. set off C. set down D. set out 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们计划成立一家新公司在线销售手工制品。A. set up建立、成立；B. set off出发、引爆；C. set down写下、规定；D. set out出发、着手。根据a new company可知，是成立公司。故选A。 22. The heavy rain _______ us from going out for the picnic yesterday. A. kept B. saved C. avoided D. prevented 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词搭配。句意：大雨阻止了我们昨天外出野餐。A. kept保持（keep sb from doing阻止，口语多用）；B. saved拯救；C. avoided避免（avoid doing，不接sb from doing）；D. prevented阻止（prevent sb from doing）。prevent/stop/keep sb from doing都表阻止，prevent最正式。故选D。 23. If you _______ his earlier works, his new novel shows great progress. A. compare on B. compare to C. compare about D. compare with 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词搭配。句意：如果与他早期作品相比，他的新小说显示出很大的进步。A. compare on搭配错误；B. compare to把…比作；C. compare about搭配错误；D. compare with与…比较。表示同类事物的比较用compare with。故选D。 24. All the students went to the museum _______ Tom, who was ill that day. A. accept B. except C. expect D. expert 【答案】B 【详解】考查介词及动词辨析。句意：除了汤姆那天生病了，所有学生都去了博物馆。A. accept接受（动词）；B. except除…之外（介词）；C. expect期待（动词）；D. expert专家（名词）。根据who was ill可知，汤姆被排除在外。故选B。 25. I _______ an old classmate at the supermarket yesterday. What a surprise! A. ran over B. ran off C. ran into D. ran out 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我昨天在超市偶遇了一位老同学，真是个惊喜！A. ran over碾压、匆匆过一遍；B. ran off跑掉；C. ran into偶然遇见；D. ran out用完、耗尽。根据at the supermarket和What a surprise可知，是偶遇。故选C。 26. When Mr. Smith retires, his son will _______ the family business. A. take over B. take up C. take in D. take off 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当史密斯先生退休时，他的儿子将接管家族企业。A. take over接管；B. take up开始从事；C. take in吸收、欺骗；D. take off起飞、脱下。根据retires和family business可知，是接管家族企业。故选A。 27. You need to _______ your studies if you want to pass the exam. A. put on B. turn on C. get on D. concentrate on 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果你想通过考试，你需要专注于学习。A. put on穿上；B. turn on打开；C. get on上车、进展；D. concentrate on专注于。根据your studies可知，需要专注学习。故选D。 28. He was tired and wanted to _______ down on the sofa for a while. A. lay B. lain C. laid D. lie 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他累了，想在沙发上躺一会儿。A. lay放置（及物动词、也是lie的过去式）；B. lain（lie的过去分词）；C. laid（lay的过去式）；D. lie躺下（不及物动词原形）。want to do后用动词原形，躺下用lie。故选D。 29. The new student seems nice and I believe we will _______ well with each other. A. get along B. get away C. get through D. get over 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：那个新同学看起来不错，我相信我们会相处得很好。A. get along相处、进展；B. get away离开、逃脱；C. get through通过、完成；D. get over克服、恢复。根据with each other可知，是相处。故选A。 30. Eating too much junk food can _______ health problems in the long run. A. result from B. deal with C. result in D. come from 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：长期来看吃太多垃圾食品会导致健康问题。A. result from由…引起（因→果）；B. deal with处理；C. result in导致（果←因）；D. come from来自。垃圾食品是因，健康问题是果，应用result in。故选C。 31. The boy _______ an excuse for being late, but the teacher did not believe him. A. make out B. make for C. make up D. make off 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：那个男孩为迟到编了一个借口，但老师没有相信他。A. make out辨认出、理解；B. make for朝…走去；C. make up编造、弥补；D. make off逃走。根据an excuse可知，是编造借口。故选C。 32. She was _______ by her grandmother after her parents went abroad to work. A. brought up B. brought out C. brought in D. brought back 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：父母出国工作后她是由祖母抚养长大的。A. brought up抚养、提出；B. brought out出版、使显现；C. brought in引入、带来；D. brought back带回、使回忆起。根据by her grandmother可知，是由祖母抚养。故选A。 33. If you need _______ information, please feel free to contact us. A. further B. farther C. more far D. far more 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：如果您需要进一步的信息，请随时联系我们。A. further进一步的（抽象意义）；B. farther更远的（具体距离）；C. more far语法错误；D. far more…得多。information为抽象事物，用further表示更进一步。故选A。 34. I cannot _______ his rude behavior any longer. I must talk to him. A. put away B. put up with C. put down D. put off 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我再也无法忍受他的粗鲁行为了，我必须和他谈谈。A. put away收好；B. put up with忍受；C. put down放下、镇压；D. put off推迟。根据cannot和any longer可知，是无法再忍受。故选B。 35. The manager has a lot of problems to _______ every single day. A. agree with B. begin with C. meet with D. deal with 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：经理每天都有很多问题要处理。A. agree with同意；B. begin with以…开始；C. meet with偶遇、会见；D. deal with处理。根据problems可知，是处理问题。故选D。 36. While cleaning the attic, I _______ some old photos of my parents. A. came across B. came down C. came along D. came out 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：打扫阁楼时我偶然发现了一些父母的老照片。A. came across偶然发现、偶遇；B. came down下来、下降；C. came along出现、一起来；D. came out出来、出版。根据While cleaning可知，是偶然发现。故选A。 37. She is very _______ to what others say about her and gets upset easily. A. sensible B. sensitive C. smart D. serious 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：她对别人对她的评价非常敏感，很容易难过。A. sensible明智的、理智的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. smart聪明的；D. serious严肃的。根据gets upset easily可知，她容易受影响，很敏感。故选B。 38. It took him several months to _______ to the new working environment. A. adopt B. adapt C. adjust D. admit 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他花了好几个月才适应新的工作环境。A. adopt采用、收养；B. adapt适应（adapt to）；C. adjust调整（adjust to）；D. admit承认。adapt to为固定搭配，表示适应新环境。故选B。 39. The school will _______ students with all the books they need for the course. A. offer B. supply C. provide D. give 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词搭配。句意：学校将为学生们提供课程所需的所有书籍。A. offer提供（offer sb sth / offer sth to sb）；B. supply提供（supply sb with sth / supply sth to sb）；C. provide提供（provide sb with sth / provide sth for sb）；D. give给（give sb sth）。provide sb with sth为固定搭配。故选C。 40. The party _______ to be a great success. Everyone had a wonderful time. A. turned up B. turned on C. turned out D. turned down 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果这次聚会非常成功，大家都玩得很开心。A. turned up出现、调大音量；B. turned on打开；C. turned out结果是、证明是；D. turned down拒绝、调小。根据to be a great success可知，结果是成功的。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $