第19卷 语音+词汇+语法-【2027版】吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦吉林高职分类考试语言基础，通过语音、词汇、语法三维度组合训练，构建45分钟限时突破体系，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语音知识|10题（如name/map辨音）|单词语音辨析选择|覆盖元音、辅音发音规则，由基础字母发音到字母组合规律递进| |词汇知识|15题（如raise/rise辨析）|语境词义选择|围绕动词、形容词等核心词类，构建"词义-语境-应用"逻辑链| |语法知识|25题（如there be/时态/从句）|语法规则选择|从基础句型到复杂语法（时态、从句、非谓语），形成层级化知识网络|

编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题卷编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为第19卷，组合训练语音知识、词汇知识和语法知识，覆盖吉林真题语言基础选择题主要考点。 【2027版】吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第19卷 语音+词汇+语法 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ Ⅰ.语音知识（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中找出画线部分读音与其他三项不同的选项。 1.A. name B. map C. plan D. bag 2.A. cake B. late C. bad D. safe 3.A. desk B. he C. she D. these 4.A. bike B. time C. white D. ship 5.A. home B. phone C. box D. rose 6.A. bus B. cup C. sun D. music 7.A. team B. bread C. clean D. teach 8.A. food B. look C. good D. cook 9.A. much B. school C. child D. lunch 10.A. think B. that C. thank D. thin Ⅱ.词汇知识（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 11. Please _____ your hand before answering the question. A. grow B. rise C. raise D. lifted 12. The soup tastes _____. May I have some more? A. kind B. quiet C. delicious D. empty 13. We should keep the classroom _____ after class. A. slow B. clean C. early D. heavy 14. The little boy found his way home by _____. A. himself B. herself C. themselves D. itself 15. The students are talking about the plan _____ the meeting. A. during B. above C. after D. across 16. Please write your name at the _____ of the page. A. dream B. top C. season D. price 17. It is polite to say “thank you” when others _____ you. A. watch B. help C. forget D. leave 18. The train arrived on time, so we were not _____. A. fresh B. bright C. late D. safe 19. There is enough time. You do not need to _____. A. mix B. paint C. climb D. hurry 20. My grandmother likes telling us old _____ after dinner. A. tables B. stories C. bottles D. tickets 21. The river is not deep, but we must still be _____. A. weak B. careless C. noisy D. careful 22. The sign means people must not _____ here. A. smile B. park C. study D. wait 23. The weather report says it will be _____ tomorrow. A. real B. friendly C. daily D. windy 24. We finished the work _____ because everyone helped. A. alone B. badly C. easily D. hardly 25. Linda has a good _____ of reading before sleep. A. voice B. chance C. habit D. corner Ⅲ.语法知识（共25小题，每小题2分，满分50分） 26. There _____ a pen and two books on the desk. A. are B. is C. be D. were 27. My mother _____ breakfast at seven every day. A. make B. makes C. made D. making 28. We _____ English when the bell rang. A. read B. are reading C. were reading D. will read 29. This book is _____ than that one. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 30. The flowers _____ every morning. A. water B. waters C. are watered D. watered 31. I don’t know _____ he is from. A. what B. where C. when D. which 32. The girl _____ is singing is my sister. A. which B. where C. who D. when 33. Please remember _____ the lights when you leave. A. to turn off B. turn off C. turning off D. turned off 34. Tom is old enough _____ himself. A. look after B. looking after C. to look after D. looked after 35. _____ fine day it is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 36. Neither Lucy nor her friends _____ at home. A. are B. am C. is D. be 37. If it _____ tomorrow, we will stay inside. A. rain B. will rain C. rained D. rains 38. The room needs _____. A. clean B. cleaned C. to cleaning D. cleaning 39. Could you tell me _____? A. where the post office is B. where is the post office C. where was the post office D. where the post office was 40. She has lived here _____ 2020. A. for B. since C. during D. in 41. This is the best movie _____ I have seen. A. when B. who C. where D. that 42. You’d better _____ too much sugar. A. not eat B. not to eat C. don’t eat D. not eating 43. The boy was made _____ the sentence again. A. to read B. read C. reading D. reads 44. _____ you work, _____ grades you will get. A. The hard; the good B. The hardest; the best C. Harder; better D. The harder; the better 45. The meeting _____ next Monday. A. will be held B. held C. will hold D. holds 46. He asked me _____ I liked the book. A. who B. where C. what D. if 47. It is important for us _____ rules. A. to follow B. follow C. following D. followed 48. The woman _____ bag is red is our teacher. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 49. I have two sisters. One is a nurse, and _____ is a teacher. A. the other B. other C. another D. others 50. He _____ to the library. He will be back soon. A. goes B. has been C. went D. has gone 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题卷编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为第19卷，组合训练语音知识、词汇知识和语法知识，覆盖吉林真题语言基础选择题主要考点。 【2027版】吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第19卷 语音+词汇+语法 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ Ⅰ.语音知识（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中找出画线部分读音与其他三项不同的选项。 1.A. name B. map C. plan D. bag 2.A. cake B. late C. bad D. safe 3.A. desk B. he C. she D. these 4.A. bike B. time C. white D. ship 5.A. home B. phone C. box D. rose 6.A. bus B. cup C. sun D. music 7.A. team B. bread C. clean D. teach 8.A. food B. look C. good D. cook 9.A. much B. school C. child D. lunch 10.A. think B. that C. thank D. thin 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. B 【解析】 1. 考查a的发音。A. name /neɪm/，画线部分读/eɪ/；B. map /mæp/，画线部分读/æ/；C. plan /plæn/，画线部分读/æ/；D. bag /bæɡ/，画线部分读/æ/。A项name中画线部分读/eɪ/，其余三项画线部分主要读/æ/，读音不同。故选A。 2. 考查a的发音。A. cake /keɪk/，画线部分读/eɪ/；B. late /leɪt/，画线部分读/eɪ/；C. bad /bæd/，画线部分读/æ/；D. safe /seɪf/，画线部分读/eɪ/。C项bad中画线部分读/æ/，其余三项画线部分主要读/eɪ/，读音不同。故选C。 3. 考查e的发音。A. desk /desk/，画线部分读/e/；B. he /hiː/，画线部分读/iː/；C. she /ʃiː/，画线部分读/iː/；D. these /ðiːz/，画线部分读/iː/。A项desk中画线部分读/e/，其余三项画线部分主要读/iː/，读音不同。故选A。 4. 考查i的发音。A. bike /baɪk/，画线部分读/aɪ/；B. time /taɪm/，画线部分读/aɪ/；C. white /waɪt/，画线部分读/aɪ/；D. ship /ʃɪp/，画线部分读/ɪ/。D项ship中画线部分读/ɪ/，其余三项画线部分主要读/aɪ/，读音不同。故选D。 5. 考查o的发音。A. home /həʊm/，画线部分读/əʊ/；B. phone /fəʊn/，画线部分读/əʊ/；C. box /bɒks/，画线部分读/ɒ/；D. rose /rəʊz/，画线部分读/əʊ/。C项box中画线部分读/ɒ/，其余三项画线部分主要读/əʊ/，读音不同。故选C。 6. 考查u的发音。A. bus /bʌs/，画线部分读/ʌ/；B. cup /kʌp/，画线部分读/ʌ/；C. sun /sʌn/，画线部分读/ʌ/；D. music /ˈmjuːzɪk/，画线部分读/juː/。D项music中画线部分读/juː/，其余三项画线部分主要读/ʌ/，读音不同。故选D。 7. 考查ea的发音。A. team /tiːm/，画线部分读/iː/；B. bread /bred/，画线部分读/e/；C. clean /kliːn/，画线部分读/iː/；D. teach /tiːtʃ/，画线部分读/iː/。B项bread中画线部分读/e/，其余三项画线部分主要读/iː/，读音不同。故选B。 8. 考查oo的发音。A. food /fuːd/，画线部分读/uː/；B. look /lʊk/，画线部分读/ʊ/；C. good /ɡʊd/，画线部分读/ʊ/；D. cook /kʊk/，画线部分读/ʊ/。A项food中画线部分读/uː/，其余三项画线部分主要读/ʊ/，读音不同。故选A。 9. 考查ch的发音。A. much /mʌtʃ/，画线部分读/tʃ/；B. school /skuːl/，画线部分读/k/；C. child /tʃaɪld/，画线部分读/tʃ/；D. lunch /lʌntʃ/，画线部分读/tʃ/。B项school中画线部分读/k/，其余三项画线部分主要读/tʃ/，读音不同。故选B。 10. 考查th的发音。A. think /θɪŋk/，画线部分读/θ/；B. that /ðæt/，画线部分读/ð/；C. thank /θæŋk/，画线部分读/θ/；D. thin /θɪn/，画线部分读/θ/。B项that中画线部分读/ð/，其余三项画线部分主要读/θ/，读音不同。故选B。 Ⅱ.词汇知识（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 11. Please _____ your hand before answering the question. A. grow B. rise C. raise D. lifted 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：回答问题前请举手。 A. grow（生长）；B. rise（上升）；C. raise（举起）；D. lifted（举起了）。raise表示“举起”，后接宾语hand，符合句意。故选C。 12. The soup tastes _____. May I have some more? A. kind B. quiet C. delicious D. empty 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：这汤尝起来很美味。我可以再喝一些吗？ A. kind（友好的）；B. quiet（安静的）；C. delicious（美味的）；D. empty（空的）。delicious表示“美味的”，符合语境。故选C。 13. We should keep the classroom _____ after class. A. slow B. clean C. early D. heavy 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：课后我们应该保持教室干净。 A. slow（慢的）；B. clean（干净的）；C. early（早的）；D. heavy（重的）。keep sth. clean表示“使某物保持干净”。故选B。 14. The little boy found his way home by _____. A. himself B. herself C. themselves D. itself 【答案】A 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：小男孩自己找到了回家的路。 A. himself（他自己）；B. herself（她自己）；C. themselves（他们自己）；D. itself（它自己）。by himself表示“独自，靠自己”。故选A。 15. The students are talking about the plan _____ the meeting. A. during B. above C. after D. across 【答案】A 【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：学生们正在会议期间讨论这个计划。 A. during（在……期间）；B. above（在……上方）；C. after（在……之后）；D. across（穿过）。during表示“在……期间”。故选A。 16. Please write your name at the _____ of the page. A. dream B. top C. season D. price 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：请把你的名字写在页面顶部。 A. dream（梦想）；B. top（顶部）；C. season（季节）；D. price（价格）。top表示“顶部”。故选B。 17. It is polite to say “thank you” when others _____ you. A. watch B. help C. forget D. leave 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：别人帮助你时，说“谢谢”是有礼貌的。 A. watch（观看）；B. help（帮助，原形）；C. forget（忘记）；D. leave（离开）。help表示“帮助”。故选B。 18. The train arrived on time, so we were not _____. A. fresh B. bright C. late D. safe 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：火车准时到达，所以我们没有迟到。 A. fresh（新鲜的）；B. bright（明亮的）；C. late（迟到的）；D. safe（安全的）。late表示“迟到的”。故选C。 19. There is enough time. You do not need to _____. A. mix B. paint C. climb D. hurry 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：时间足够。你不需要着急。 A. mix（混合）；B. paint（绘画）；C. climb（爬）；D. hurry（赶快）。hurry表示“赶快，着急”。故选D。 20. My grandmother likes telling us old _____ after dinner. A. tables B. stories C. bottles D. tickets 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我奶奶喜欢晚饭后给我们讲老故事。 A. tables（桌子）；B. stories（故事）；C. bottles（瓶子）；D. tickets（票）。tell stories表示“讲故事”。故选B。 21. The river is not deep, but we must still be _____. A. weak B. careless C. noisy D. careful 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：这条河不深，但我们仍然必须小心。 A. weak（虚弱的）；B. careless（粗心的）；C. noisy（吵闹的）；D. careful（小心的）。careful表示“小心的”。故选D。 22. The sign means people must not _____ here. A. smile B. park C. study D. wait 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：这个标志表示人们不能在这里停车。 A. smile（微笑）；B. park（停车）；C. study（学习）；D. wait（等待）。park表示“停车”。故选B。 23. The weather report says it will be _____ tomorrow. A. real B. friendly C. daily D. windy 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：天气预报说明天将有风。 A. real（真实的）；B. friendly（友好的）；C. daily（每日的）；D. windy（有风的）。windy表示“有风的”。故选D。 24. We finished the work _____ because everyone helped. A. alone B. badly C. easily D. hardly 【答案】C 【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：因为每个人都帮忙，我们轻松完成了工作。 A. alone（独自）；B. badly（糟糕地）；C. easily（容易地）；D. hardly（几乎不）。easily表示“容易地，轻松地”。故选C。 25. Linda has a good _____ of reading before sleep. A. voice B. chance C. habit D. corner 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：Linda有睡前阅读的好习惯。 A. voice（嗓音）；B. chance（机会）；C. habit（习惯）；D. corner（角落）。habit表示“习惯”。故选C。 Ⅲ.语法知识（共25小题，每小题2分，满分50分） 26. There _____ a pen and two books on the desk. A. are B. is C. be D. were 【答案】B 【详解】考查there be就近原则。句意：桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。 A. are（是，复数形式）；B. is（是，单数形式）；C. be（be动词原形）；D. were（是，过去式复数）。there be遵循就近原则，靠近be的是a pen，故用is。故选B。 27. My mother _____ breakfast at seven every day. A. make B. makes C. made D. making 【答案】B 【详解】考查一般现在时。句意：我妈妈每天七点做早饭。 A. make（做，原形）；B. makes（做，第三人称单数）；C. made（做，过去式）；D. making（做，现在分词）。主语My mother为第三人称单数，谓语用makes。故选B。 28. We _____ English when the bell rang. A. read B. are reading C. were reading D. will read 【答案】C 【详解】考查过去进行时。句意：铃响时我们正在读英语。 A. read（读，原形）；B. are reading（正在读，现在进行时）；C. were reading（正在读，过去进行时）；D. will read（将读）。when引导过去时间点，主句动作正在进行，用were reading。故选C。 29. This book is _____ than that one. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 【答案】B 【详解】考查比较级。句意：这本书比那本书更有趣。 A. interesting（有趣的，原级）；B. more interesting（更有趣的，比较级）；C. most interesting（最有趣的）；D. the most interesting（最有趣的，最高级）。than提示比较级，多音节形容词前加more。故选B。 30. The flowers _____ every morning. A. water B. waters C. are watered D. watered 【答案】C 【详解】考查一般现在时被动语态。句意：这些花每天早上被浇水。 A. water（浇水，原形）；B. waters（浇水，第三人称单数）；C. are watered（被浇水）；D. watered（浇水，过去式）。flowers与water为被动关系，应用are watered。故选C。 31. I don’t know _____ he is from. A. what B. where C. when D. which 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：我不知道他来自哪里。 A. what（什么）；B. where（哪里）；C. when（什么时候）；D. which（哪一个）。be from表示来自某地，应用where。故选B。 32. The girl _____ is singing is my sister. A. which B. where C. who D. when 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正在唱歌的女孩是我的妹妹。 A. which（哪一个）；B. where（哪里）；C. who（谁）；D. when（什么时候）。先行词girl指人，关系代词用who。故选C。 33. Please remember _____ the lights when you leave. A. to turn off B. turn off C. turning off D. turned off 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：离开时请记得关灯。 A. to turn off（去关掉，不定式）；B. turn off（关掉，原形）；C. turning off（关掉，动名词）；D. turned off（关掉，过去式）。remember to do表示记得去做某事。故选A。 34. Tom is old enough _____ himself. A. look after B. looking after C. to look after D. looked after 【答案】C 【详解】考查不定式结构。句意：Tom足够大，可以照顾自己。 A. look after（照顾，原形）；B. looking after（照顾，动名词）；C. to look after（去照顾，不定式）；D. looked after（照顾，过去式）。enough to do为固定结构。故选C。 35. _____ fine day it is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 【答案】C 【详解】考查感叹句。句意：多么晴朗的一天啊！ A. What（多么，修饰名词）；B. How（多么，修饰形容词或副词）；C. What a（多么一个）；D. How a（错误搭配）。day为可数名词单数，应用What a。故选C。 36. Neither Lucy nor her friends _____ at home. A. are B. am C. is D. be 【答案】A 【详解】考查就近原则。句意：Lucy和她的朋友们都不在家。 A. are（是，复数形式）；B. am（是，主语为I）；C. is（是，单数形式）；D. be（be动词原形）。neither...nor...遵循就近原则，friends为复数。故选A。 37. If it _____ tomorrow, we will stay inside. A. rain B. will rain C. rained D. rains 【答案】D 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果明天下雨，我们将待在室内。 A. rain（下雨，原形）；B. will rain（将下雨）；C. rained（下雨，过去式）；D. rains（下雨，第三人称单数）。if条件句用一般现在时代替将来。故选D。 38. The room needs _____. A. clean B. cleaned C. to cleaning D. cleaning 【答案】D 【详解】考查动名词用法。句意：这个房间需要打扫。 A. clean（干净的）；B. cleaned（打扫，过去式/过去分词）；C. to cleaning（错误形式）；D. cleaning（打扫，动名词）。need doing表示被动含义。故选D。 39. Could you tell me _____? A. where the post office is B. where is the post office C. where was the post office D. where the post office was 【答案】A 【详解】考查宾语从句语序。句意：你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗？ A. where the post office is（陈述语序）；B. where is the post office（疑问语序）；C. where was the post office（过去时疑问语序）；D. where the post office was（过去时陈述语序）。宾语从句应用陈述语序。故选A。 40. She has lived here _____ 2020. A. for B. since C. during D. in 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：她自2020年以来一直住在这里。 A. for（持续……时间）；B. since（自从……以来）；C. during（在……期间）；D. in（in）。since后接时间点。故选B。 41. This is the best movie _____ I have seen. A. when B. who C. where D. that 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我看过的最好的电影。 A. when（什么时候）；B. who（谁）；C. where（哪里）；D. that（引导词/关系代词）。先行词被最高级修饰时，关系代词常用that。故选D。 42. You’d better _____ too much sugar. A. not eat B. not to eat C. don’t eat D. not eating 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定句式。句意：你最好不要吃太多糖。 A. not eat（不要吃，动词原形）；B. not to eat（不定式否定形式）；C. don’t eat（不要吃，祈使句否定）；D. not eating（动名词否定形式）。had better not do sth.为固定结构。故选A。 43. The boy was made _____ the sentence again. A. to read B. read C. reading D. reads 【答案】A 【详解】考查被动语态中的不定式。句意：这个男孩被要求再读一遍这个句子。 A. to read（去读，不定式）；B. read（读，原形）；C. reading（读，现在分词）；D. reads（读，第三人称单数）。make sb. do变被动时用be made to do。故选A。 44. _____ you work, _____ grades you will get. A. The hard; the good B. The hardest; the best C. Harder; better D. The harder; the better 【答案】D 【详解】考查比较级句型。句意：你越努力，成绩就会越好。 A. The hard; the good（形式错误）；B. The hardest; the best（最高级结构）；C. Harder; better（缺少the）；D. The harder; the better（越努力，越好）。the+比较级，the+比较级结构。故选D。 45. The meeting _____ next Monday. A. will be held B. held C. will hold D. holds 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般将来时被动语态。句意：会议将在下周一举行。 A. will be held（将被举行）；B. held（举行，过去式/过去分词）；C. will hold（将举行，主动形式）；D. holds（举行，主动形式）。meeting与hold为被动关系，且next Monday提示将来。故选A。 46. He asked me _____ I liked the book. A. who B. where C. what D. if 【答案】D 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：他问我是否喜欢这本书。 A. who（谁）；B. where（哪里）；C. what（什么）；D. if（是否/如果）。asked后表示“是否”，用if。故选D。 47. It is important for us _____ rules. A. to follow B. follow C. following D. followed 【答案】A 【详解】考查it固定句式。句意：遵守规则对我们来说很重要。 A. to follow（去遵守，不定式）；B. follow（遵守，原形）；C. following（遵守，动名词）；D. followed（遵守，过去式）。It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.。故选A。 48. The woman _____ bag is red is our teacher. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：包是红色的那位女士是我们的老师。 A. who（谁）；B. whom（谁，宾格）；C. which（哪一个）；D. whose（谁的）。whose表示所属关系。故选D。 49. I have two sisters. One is a nurse, and _____ is a teacher. A. the other B. other C. another D. others 【答案】A 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：我有两个姐姐。一个是护士，另一个是老师。 A. the other（两者中的另一个）；B. other（其他的）；C. another（另一个，泛指）；D. others（其他人/物）。两者中的另一个用the other。故选A。 50. He _____ to the library. He will be back soon. A. goes B. has been C. went D. has gone 【答案】D 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：他去图书馆了。他很快回来。 A. goes（去，第三人称单数）；B. has been（去过已回）；C. went（去了，过去式）；D. has gone（去了未回）。has gone to表示去了某地尚未回来。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $