第4卷 词汇知识（基础词汇辨析）-【2027版】吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦中职基础词汇语境辨析，通过45分钟50题限时训练，系统覆盖名、动、形、副词核心词义应用，强化语言能力中的词汇理解与表达。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础词汇辨析|50题（如名词purpose/reason、动词hide/hold、副词alone/lonely）|四选一语境填空，考查词义差异与搭配|从核心词汇概念辨析到生活场景应用，覆盖课标要求的基础词性，形成"词义理解-语境匹配"的逻辑链条|

编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题卷编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为第4卷，聚焦基础词汇辨析，覆盖名词、动词、形容词、副词词义辨析与语境搭配，全卷共50小题，每小题2分，满分100分。 【2027版】吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第4卷 词汇知识（基础词汇辨析） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ 词汇知识（共50小题，每小题2分，满分100分） 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. The _______ of this meeting is to choose a new monitor. A. reason B. result C. cause D. purpose 2. She tried to _______ her fear when she saw the snake. A. hide B. keep C. hold D. stay 3. The old man lives _______, so his neighbor often comes to help him. A. alive B. alone C. lonely D. along 4. Could you please _______ the window? It is too hot in the room. A. close B. clean C. break D. open 5. I want to _______ a new skill during the summer holiday. A. study B. read C. learn D. teach 6. The _______ of the heavy rain caused the river to rise quickly. A. effort B. result C. reason D. effect 7. My parents always _______ me to do my best in everything. A. have B. encourage C. make D. let 8. The food in this restaurant _______ delicious and many people come here. A. tastes B. smells C. looks D. sounds 9. She is very _______ and always shares her things with others. A. selfish B. proud C. nervous D. generous 10. We need to _______ a plan before we start the project. A. get B. make C. do D. take 11. She _______ me that she would arrive on time, but she was late again. A. accepted B. promised C. allowed D. agreed 12. Please _______ the lights before you leave the classroom. A. turn up B. turn down C. turn off D. turn on 13. It is _______ to say thank you when someone helps you. A. strange B. brave C. polite D. rude 14. The students were asked to _______ the new words after the teacher. A. remember B. repeat C. reply D. report 15. I cannot _______ the difference between these two pictures. A. talk B. tell C. say D. speak 16. The kids were so _______ when they received the gifts. A. boring B. sad C. angry D. excited 17. Could you give me some _______ on how to learn English well? A. information B. advice C. suggestion D. news 18. The doctor told him to take the medicine three times a _______. A. day B. week C. month D. year 19. Do not _______ your time on video games. You should study more. A. waste B. spend C. cost D. take 20. He _______ a good idea to solve the math problem. A. kept up with B. came up with C. put up with D. caught up with 21. There are _______ students in our school than in theirs. A. more B. many C. most D. much 22. She looks _______ her mother. They both have big eyes. A. for B. at C. like D. after 23. I am _______ in learning Chinese history. It is very interesting. A. bored B. boring C. interested D. interesting 24. You had better _______ your coat. It is getting cold outside. A. put on B. take off C. put up D. take away 25. We should _______ the old and help them when they are in trouble. A. refuse B. repeat C. receive D. respect 26. It is hard to _______ a decision without enough information. A. take B. give C. do D. make 27. The river is too _______. We cannot swim across it. A. high B. wide C. long D. deep 28. Please remember to _______ your homework to school tomorrow. A. fetch B. bring C. take D. carry 29. The _______ of this book is to help students improve their writing skills. A. price B. picture C. problem D. purpose 30. She got up late this morning and _______ the early bus. A. caught B. took C. drove D. missed 31. The story was so _______ that everyone laughed loudly. A. boring B. serious C. funny D. sad 32. My brother is two years _______ than me. A. oldest B. young C. older D. old 33. You should _______ your hands before eating to stay healthy. A. wash B. shake C. raise D. touch 34. The teacher asked us to _______ the text carefully and find the answer. A. read B. write C. draw D. sing 35. What is your _______? I want to be a doctor. A. name B. age C. dream D. hobby 36. He always _______ his friends with their English study. A. teaches B. helps C. asks D. tells 37. There is a _______ of milk on the table. Help yourself. A. bottle B. piece C. pair D. slice 38. We should learn to _______ problems by ourselves. A. find B. solve C. make D. cause 39. She wears a beautiful _______ around her neck every day. A. shoe B. glove C. sock D. scarf 40. I do not _______ with you on this point. I have a different idea. A. discuss B. talk C. agree D. argue 41. If you want to keep healthy, you should do more _______ every day. A. exercise B. homework C. housework D. research 42. The little girl is _______ enough to dress herself without help. A. old B. young C. tall D. short 43. Please _______ the form with your name, age and phone number. A. look out B. find out C. put out D. fill out 44. He felt very _______ after working for twelve hours without a break. A. relaxed B. surprised C. tired D. excited 45. The _______ of the accident is still under investigation by the police. A. case B. chance C. cause D. course 46. The box is too heavy for me. Can you help me _______ it? A. fetch B. carry C. bring D. take 47. We should _______ the environment by planting more trees. A. produce B. provide C. prefer D. protect 48. He is a man of few _______ and never talks much in public. A. words B. works C. worlds D. walks 49. Do not forget to _______ off the TV when you go to bed. A. turn B. put C. take D. get 50. She _______ reading English every morning. It has become her habit. A. finishes B. avoids C. keeps D. stops 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题卷编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为第4卷，聚焦基础词汇辨析，覆盖名词、动词、形容词、副词词义辨析与语境搭配，全卷共50小题，每小题2分，满分100分。 【2027版】吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第4卷 词汇知识（基础词汇辨析） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ 词汇知识（共50小题，每小题2分，满分100分） 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. The _______ of this meeting is to choose a new monitor. A. reason B. result C. cause D. purpose 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：这次会议的目的是选一位新班长。D. purpose目的；A. reason原因；B. result结果；C. cause起因。根据to choose a new monitor可知，会议的目的是选班长。故选D。 2. She tried to _______ her fear when she saw the snake. A. hide B. keep C. hold D. stay 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：她看到蛇时试图隐藏自己的恐惧。A. hide隐藏；B. keep保持；C. hold握住；D. stay停留。根据her fear可知，她试图隐藏恐惧。故选A。 3. The old man lives _______, so his neighbor often comes to help him. A. alive B. alone C. lonely D. along 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词及副词辨析。句意：那位老人独自居住，所以他的邻居常来帮助他。B. alone独自地（副词）；C. lonely孤独的（形容词）；D. along沿着；A. alive活着的。修饰动词lives应用副词，且强调客观独自状态。故选B。 4. Could you please _______ the window? It is too hot in the room. A. close B. clean C. break D. open 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：你能打开窗户吗？房间里太热了。D. open打开；A. close关闭；B. clean清洁；C. break打破。根据too hot可知，需要打开窗户通风。故选D。 5. I want to _______ a new skill during the summer holiday. A. study B. read C. learn D. teach 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我想在暑假期间学习一项新技能。C. learn学习（侧重学会）；D. teach教；A. study学习（侧重研究）；B. read阅读。learn a skill是固定搭配，表示学会技能。故选C。 6. The _______ of the heavy rain caused the river to rise quickly. A. effort B. result C. reason D. effect 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：大雨的影响导致河水迅速上涨。D. effect影响；A. effort努力；B. result结果；C. reason原因。根据caused the river to rise可知，大雨的影响导致河水上涨。故选D。 7. My parents always _______ me to do my best in everything. A. have B. encourage C. make D. let 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我的父母总是鼓励我在每件事上做到最好。B. encourage鼓励（encourage sb to do sth）；C. make让（make sb do sth）；D. let让（let sb do sth）；A. have使（have sb do sth）。根据固定搭配encourage sb to do sth。故选B。 8. The food in this restaurant _______ delicious and many people come here. A. tastes B. smells C. looks D. sounds 【答案】A 【详解】考查系动词辨析。句意：这家餐厅的食物尝起来很美味，很多人都来这里。A. tastes尝起来；B. smells闻起来；C. looks看起来；D. sounds听起来。根据food和delicious可知，食物是尝起来美味。故选A。 9. She is very _______ and always shares her things with others. A. selfish B. proud C. nervous D. generous 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：她非常慷慨，总是把自己的东西分享给别人。D. generous慷慨的；A. selfish自私的；B. proud骄傲的；C. nervous紧张的。根据shares her things可知，她很慷慨。故选D。 10. We need to _______ a plan before we start the project. A. get B. make C. do D. take 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：开始项目之前我们需要制定一个计划。B. make制定（make a plan为固定搭配）；C. do做；D. take拿；A. get得到。make a plan是固定搭配。故选B。 11. She _______ me that she would arrive on time, but she was late again. A. accepted B. promised C. allowed D. agreed 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：她向我保证她会准时到达，但她又迟到了。B. promised承诺（promise sb that...）；C. allowed允许；D. agreed同意；A. accepted接受。根据she would arrive on time可知，她做出了承诺。故选B。 12. Please _______ the lights before you leave the classroom. A. turn up B. turn down C. turn off D. turn on 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：离开教室之前请关灯。C. turn off关闭；D. turn on打开；A. turn up调大；B. turn down调小。根据before you leave可知，离开前要关灯。故选C。 13. It is _______ to say thank you when someone helps you. A. strange B. brave C. polite D. rude 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：有人帮助你的时候说谢谢是有礼貌的。C. polite有礼貌的；D. rude粗鲁的；A. strange奇怪的；B. brave勇敢的。根据常识，说谢谢是有礼貌的行为。故选C。 14. The students were asked to _______ the new words after the teacher. A. remember B. repeat C. reply D. report 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：学生被要求跟着老师重复新单词。B. repeat重复；C. reply回答；D. report报告；A. remember记住。根据after the teacher可知，是跟着老师重复。故选B。 15. I cannot _______ the difference between these two pictures. A. talk B. tell C. say D. speak 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我看不出这两张图片的区别。B. tell辨别（tell the difference固定搭配）；C. say说具体内容；D. speak讲话；A. talk交谈。tell the difference是固定搭配。故选B。 16. The kids were so _______ when they received the gifts. A. boring B. sad C. angry D. excited 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：孩子们收到礼物时非常兴奋。D. excited兴奋的（形容人的感受）；A. boring令人无聊的（形容事物）；B. sad悲伤的；C. angry生气的。根据received the gifts可知，孩子们很兴奋。故选D。 17. Could you give me some _______ on how to learn English well? A. information B. advice C. suggestion D. news 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：你能给我一些如何学好英语的建议吗？B. advice建议（不可数）；C. suggestion建议（可数）；D. news新闻；A. information信息。some后接不可数名词，advice最合适。故选B。 18. The doctor told him to take the medicine three times a _______. A. day B. week C. month D. year 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：医生告诉他一天服药三次。A. day天；B. week周；C. month月；D. year年。three times a day是常用表达。故选A。 19. Do not _______ your time on video games. You should study more. A. waste B. spend C. cost D. take 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：不要把时间浪费在电子游戏上，你应该多学习。A. waste浪费（waste time on sth）；B. spend花费（spend time on sth）；C. cost花费（物作主语）；D. take花费（it takes sb time）。根据语境，浪费最为合适。故选A。 20. He _______ a good idea to solve the math problem. A. kept up with B. came up with C. put up with D. caught up with 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他想出了一个解决数学问题的好主意。B. came up with想出；C. put up with忍受；D. caught up with赶上；A. kept up with跟上。根据a good idea可知，是想出了主意。故选B。 21. There are _______ students in our school than in theirs. A. more B. many C. most D. much 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：我们学校的学生比他们学校的多。A. more更多的（比较级）；B. many许多（原级）；C. most最多（最高级）；D. much许多（原级）。根据than可知，要用比较级。故选A。 22. She looks _______ her mother. They both have big eyes. A. for B. at C. like D. after 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词搭配。句意：她看起来像她的妈妈，她们都有大眼睛。C. like像（look like）；D. after在之后（look after照顾）；A. for为了（look for寻找）；B. at在（look at看）。根据big eyes可知，她长得像妈妈。故选C。 23. I am _______ in learning Chinese history. It is very interesting. A. bored B. boring C. interested D. interesting 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：我对学习中国历史很感兴趣，它非常有趣。C. interested感兴趣的（be interested in）；D. interesting有趣的（形容事物）；A. bored感到无聊的；B. boring令人无聊的。be interested in是固定搭配。故选C。 24. You had better _______ your coat. It is getting cold outside. A. put on B. take off C. put up D. take away 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你最好穿上外套，外面变冷了。A. put on穿上；B. take off脱下；C. put up搭建；D. take away带走。根据getting cold可知，要穿上外套。故选A。 25. We should _______ the old and help them when they are in trouble. A. refuse B. repeat C. receive D. respect 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我们应该尊重老人，并在他们有困难时帮助他们。D. respect尊重；A. refuse拒绝；B. repeat重复；C. receive收到。根据help them可知，首先应尊重老人。故选D。 26. It is hard to _______ a decision without enough information. A. take B. give C. do D. make 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词搭配。句意：没有足够的信息很难做决定。D. make做（make a decision固定搭配）；A. take拿；B. give给；C. do做。make a decision是固定搭配。故选D。 27. The river is too _______. We cannot swim across it. A. high B. wide C. long D. deep 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：这条河太宽了，我们游不过去。B. wide宽的；C. long长的；D. deep深的；A. high高的。根据swim across it可知，是河的宽度太宽。故选B。 28. Please remember to _______ your homework to school tomorrow. A. fetch B. bring C. take D. carry 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：请记得明天把作业带到学校。B. bring带来（带到说话者处）；C. take带走（从说话者处带走）；D. carry搬运（强调负重）；A. fetch去取来。根据to school可知，是把作业带往学校（说话人在学校）。故选B。 29. The _______ of this book is to help students improve their writing skills. A. price B. picture C. problem D. purpose 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：这本书的目的是帮助学生提高写作能力。D. purpose目的；A. price价格；B. picture图画；C. problem问题。根据to help students可知，是书的目的。故选D。 30. She got up late this morning and _______ the early bus. A. caught B. took C. drove D. missed 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：她今天早上起床晚了，错过了早班车。D. missed错过；A. caught赶上；B. took乘坐；C. drove驾驶。根据got up late可知，晚起导致错过了早班车。故选D。 31. The story was so _______ that everyone laughed loudly. A. boring B. serious C. funny D. sad 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：这个故事太有趣了，大家都大声笑了起来。C. funny有趣的；D. sad悲伤的；A. boring无聊的；B. serious严肃的。根据everyone laughed可知，故事很有趣。故选C。 32. My brother is two years _______ than me. A. oldest B. young C. older D. old 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：我哥哥比我大两岁。C. older更年长的（比较级）；D. old年老的（原级）；A. oldest最年长的（最高级）；B. young年轻的。根据than可知，要用比较级。故选C。 33. You should _______ your hands before eating to stay healthy. A. wash B. shake C. raise D. touch 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：吃饭前你应该洗手以保持健康。A. wash洗；B. shake摇动；C. raise举起；D. touch触摸。根据before eating可知，饭前要洗手。故选A。 34. The teacher asked us to _______ the text carefully and find the answer. A. read B. write C. draw D. sing 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：老师让我们仔细阅读课文并找到答案。A. read阅读；B. write写；C. draw画；D. sing唱歌。根据the text可知，是阅读课文。故选A。 35. What is your _______? I want to be a doctor. A. name B. age C. dream D. hobby 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：你的梦想是什么？我想成为一名医生。C. dream梦想；D. hobby爱好；A. name名字；B. age年龄。根据I want to be a doctor可知，回答的是梦想。故选C。 36. He always _______ his friends with their English study. A. teaches B. helps C. asks D. tells 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词搭配。句意：他总是帮助他的朋友们学习英语。B. helps帮助（help sb with sth）；C. asks问；D. tells告诉；A. teaches教。help sb with sth是固定搭配。故选B。 37. There is a _______ of milk on the table. Help yourself. A. bottle B. piece C. pair D. slice 【答案】A 【详解】考查量词搭配。句意：桌子上有一瓶牛奶，请自便。A. bottle瓶（a bottle of milk）；B. piece片；C. pair双；D. slice薄片。a bottle of milk是常用搭配。故选A。 38. We should learn to _______ problems by ourselves. A. find B. solve C. make D. cause 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我们应该学会自己解决问题。B. solve解决；C. make制造；D. cause引起；A. find找到。solve problems是固定搭配。故选B。 39. She wears a beautiful _______ around her neck every day. A. shoe B. glove C. sock D. scarf 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：她每天脖子上都围着一条漂亮的围巾。D. scarf围巾；A. shoe鞋子；B. glove手套；C. sock袜子。根据around her neck可知，是围巾。故选D。 40. I do not _______ with you on this point. I have a different idea. A. discuss B. talk C. agree D. argue 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词搭配。句意：在这一点上我不同意你的看法，我有不同的想法。C. agree同意（agree with sb）；D. argue争论；A. discuss讨论；B. talk交谈。agree with sb是固定搭配。故选C。 41. If you want to keep healthy, you should do more _______ every day. A. exercise B. homework C. housework D. research 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：如果你想保持健康，你应该每天多锻炼。A. exercise锻炼；B. homework家庭作业；C. housework家务；D. research研究。根据keep healthy可知，要多锻炼。故选A。 42. The little girl is _______ enough to dress herself without help. A. old B. young C. tall D. short 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：那个小女孩足够大了，能自己穿衣不需要帮助。A. old年长的（old enough to do）；B. young年轻的；C. tall高的；D. short矮的。根据dress herself可知，她够大了。故选A。 43. Please _______ the form with your name, age and phone number. A. look out B. find out C. put out D. fill out 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：请填写表格，写上你的姓名、年龄和电话号码。D. fill out填写；A. look out小心；B. find out查明；C. put out熄灭。根据the form可知，是填写表格。故选D。 44. He felt very _______ after working for twelve hours without a break. A. relaxed B. surprised C. tired D. excited 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：不间断地工作了十二个小时后，他感到非常疲惫。C. tired疲惫的；D. excited兴奋的；A. relaxed放松的；B. surprised惊讶的。根据working for twelve hours可知，会感到疲惫。故选C。 45. The _______ of the accident is still under investigation by the police. A. case B. chance C. cause D. course 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：事故的原因仍在由警方调查中。C. cause原因；D. course课程；A. case案例；B. chance机会。根据under investigation可知，是在调查原因。故选C。 46. The box is too heavy for me. Can you help me _______ it? A. fetch B. carry C. bring D. take 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：这个箱子对我来说太重了，你能帮我搬一下吗？B. carry搬运（强调负重）；C. bring带来；D. take带走；A. fetch取来。根据too heavy可知，是搬动重物。故选B。 47. We should _______ the environment by planting more trees. A. produce B. provide C. prefer D. protect 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我们应该通过种更多的树来保护环境。D. protect保护；A. produce生产；B. provide提供；C. prefer更喜欢。根据planting more trees可知，是保护环境。故选D。 48. He is a man of few _______ and never talks much in public. A. words B. works C. worlds D. walks 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：他是个寡言少语的人，从不在公共场合多说。A. words话；B. works作品；C. worlds世界；D. walks步行。a man of few words是固定表达。故选A。 49. Do not forget to _______ off the TV when you go to bed. A. turn B. put C. take D. get 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：你睡觉时别忘了关掉电视。A. turn（turn off关掉）；B. put（put off推迟）；C. take（take off脱下）；D. get（get off下车）。turn off意为关掉。故选A。 50. She _______ reading English every morning. It has become her habit. A. finishes B. avoids C. keeps D. stops 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：她每天早上坚持读英语，这已经成了她的习惯。C. keeps保持（keep doing坚持做某事）；D. stops停止（stop doing停止做）；A. finishes完成；B. avoids避免。根据habit可知，是坚持做某事。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $