第7卷 语法知识（动词综合）-【2027版】吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦动词核心语法，按时态、被动语态等模块系统编排，45分钟限时训练针对性强，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |时态|10题（1-10）|含时间状语提示，考查不同时间状态动词形式|从一般到完成、进行时态，构建时间维度语法逻辑| |被动语态|6题（11-16）|结合时态考查被动结构，含情境提示词|基于时态基础，延伸语态转换，体现动作承受关系| |情态动词|7题（17-23）|考查推测、义务等情态意义，含语境判断|通过情态动词差异，培养语境分析的思维品质| |非谓语动词|11题（24-34）|考查动名词、不定式等功能，结合固定搭配|从谓语到非谓语，构建动词功能多样性逻辑| |虚拟语气|6题（35-40）|含if条件句、wish等虚拟情境，考查时态倒退|基于真实语气，延伸非真实假设，提升逻辑推理能力|

编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题卷编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为第7卷，聚焦动词综合专题，覆盖时态、被动语态、情态动词、非谓语动词及虚拟语气等动词核心语法考点，全卷共40小题，每小题2.5分，满分100分。 【2027版】吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第7卷 语法知识（动词综合） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ 语法知识（共40小题，每小题2.5分，满分100分） 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. My grandmother always _______ up early to prepare breakfast for the family. A. get B. getting C. to get D. gets 2. They _______ a wonderful time at the amusement park last Sunday. A. have B. are having C. will have D. had 3. There _______ a basketball match between Class 1 and Class 2 next Friday afternoon. A. will be B. is C. was D. has been 4. Listen! Someone _______ for help in the river not far away from here. A. called B. calls C. is called D. is calling 5. I _______ my homework carefully when the electricity went out suddenly last night. A. have done B. was doing C. do D. did 6. So far, the students in our class _______ over 900 English words this term. A. have learned B. learned C. are learning D. will learn 7. By the time we arrived at the cinema, the movie _______ for about fifteen minutes. A. had been on B. was on C. has been on D. will be on 8. Mrs. Chen told her students that she _______ to Beijing for a teaching conference the next week. A. went B. has gone C. would go D. goes 9. Mr. Zhang _______ English in this vocational school ever since he graduated from university. A. is teaching B. has taught C. teaches D. taught 10. Hurry up! The train to Changchun _______ at three thirty this afternoon. A. left B. has left C. is leaving D. leaves 11. English _______ as a second language in many countries around the world today. A. is spoken B. speaks C. spoke D. has spoken 12. The old stone bridge in our village _______ by the heavy flood last summer. A. destroyed B. is destroyed C. was destroyed D. destroys 13. A new school library _______ in our campus and it will open to students next month. A. will build B. has been built C. builds D. built 14. The final examination _______ until next Wednesday because of the heavy snow. A. put off B. putting off C. will be put off D. puts off 15. This kind of medicine _______ in a dry and cool place according to the instructions. A. kept B. should be kept C. should keep D. keeps 16. A new subway line _______ in the eastern part of our city at the moment. A. built B. has been built C. is being built D. builds 17. You _______ finish all your homework before you can play computer games. A. may B. need C. must D. can 18. My elder sister _______ play the violin very well when she was only five years old. A. would B. could C. must D. should 19. Mr. Wang _______ be in the office right now because I just saw him in the school library. A. must B. may C. should D. can't 20. — _______ I borrow your English dictionary for a while? —Of course. Here you are. A. May B. Must C. Should D. Need 21. You don't look well today. I think you _______ go to see a doctor right away. A. can B. may C. must D. should 22. You _______ take an umbrella with you. The weather report says it will be sunny all day. A. must B. may C. should D. needn't 23. There is so much noise coming from upstairs. The children _______ be playing games there. A. must B. can C. should D. need 24. Would you mind _______ the door? It is a bit cold in the classroom. A. close B. to close C. closed D. closing 25. After careful thinking, my cousin decided _______ in China to look for a good job. A. staying B. stay C. stayed D. to stay 26. She got up at five o'clock in the morning _______ the first bus to the city center. A. to catch B. catch C. catching D. caught 27. My younger brother really enjoys _______ football with his good friends after school every day. A. to play B. played C. playing D. play 28. Thank you very much for _______ me with my English study these past few days. A. help B. to help C. helped D. helping 29. The strict math teacher made the naughty boy _______ outside the classroom for half an hour. A. stood B. to stand C. stand D. standing 30. _______ too much fast food every day is very harmful to your body and health. A. Ate B. Eating C. Eat D. Eaten 31. _______ from the top of the mountain, the whole town looks like a beautiful picture. A. To see B. Seen C. See D. Seeing 32. Liu Fang is always the first student _______ to the classroom every morning in our class. A. to come B. coming C. comes D. came 33. My grandfather _______ smoke a lot when he was young, but he gave it up ten years ago. A. is used to B. was used to C. got used to D. used to 34. Will you please let me _______ your new bicycle for a short ride this afternoon? A. ride B. riding C. to ride D. rode 35. If I _______ you, I would accept the job offer without a second thought. A. were B. am C. was D. being 36. If he _______ harder last term, he would have passed the final English examination. A. has studied B. studies C. had studied D. studied 37. I wish I _______ fly high in the blue sky like a free bird. A. must B. could C. can D. will 38. It is high time that you _______ a serious decision about your future career plan. A. are making B. made C. make D. will make 39. The little boy talked about the moon as if he _______ there before. A. has been B. is C. had been D. was 40. The doctor strongly suggested that the patient _______ more physical exercise every day to stay healthy. A. taking B. take C. takes D. took 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题卷编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为第7卷，聚焦动词综合专题，覆盖时态、被动语态、情态动词、非谓语动词及虚拟语气等动词核心语法考点，全卷共40小题，每小题2.5分，满分100分。 【2027版】吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第7卷 语法知识（动词综合） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ 语法知识（共40小题，每小题2.5分，满分100分） 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. My grandmother always _______ up early to prepare breakfast for the family. A. get B. getting C. to get D. gets 【答案】D 【详解】考查一般现在时与主谓一致。句意：我祖母总是很早起床为家人准备早餐。分析句子可知，主语My grandmother是第三人称单数，且由频率副词always可知此处应用一般现在时，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，故选D。 2. They _______ a wonderful time at the amusement park last Sunday. A. have B. are having C. will have D. had 【答案】D 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：上周日他们在游乐园玩得很开心。分析句子可知，时间状语last Sunday表示明确的过去时间点，谓语动词应用一般过去时，故选D。 3. There _______ a basketball match between Class 1 and Class 2 next Friday afternoon. A. will be B. is C. was D. has been 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般将来时。句意：下周五下午一班和二班之间将有一场篮球比赛。分析句子可知，时间状语next Friday afternoon表示将来的时间，There be句型的将来时为There will be，故选A。 4. Listen! Someone _______ for help in the river not far away from here. A. called B. calls C. is called D. is calling 【答案】D 【详解】考查现在进行时。句意：听！不远处有人在河里喊救命。分析句子可知，Listen是现在进行时的标志词，表示动作正在发生，应用现在进行时，其结构为am/is/are + doing，主语Someone为不定代词谓语用单数，故选D。 5. I _______ my homework carefully when the electricity went out suddenly last night. A. have done B. was doing C. do D. did 【答案】B 【详解】考查过去进行时。句意：昨晚突然停电时，我正在认真做作业。分析句子可知，when引导的时间状语从句用了一般过去时，表示过去某一时间点正在进行的动作应用过去进行时，其结构为was/were + doing，主语I搭配was，故选B。 6. So far, the students in our class _______ over 900 English words this term. A. have learned B. learned C. are learning D. will learn 【答案】A 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：到目前为止，我们班学生本学期已经学了九百多个英语单词。分析句子可知，So far意为到目前为止，是现在完成时的标志词，表示动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has + 过去分词，主语students为复数用have，故选A。 7. By the time we arrived at the cinema, the movie _______ for about fifteen minutes. A. had been on B. was on C. has been on D. will be on 【答案】A 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始了大约十五分钟。分析句子可知，By the time引导的时间状语从句用了一般过去时，表示过去的过去发生的动作应用过去完成时，其结构为had + 过去分词，故选A。 8. Mrs. Chen told her students that she _______ to Beijing for a teaching conference the next week. A. went B. has gone C. would go D. goes 【答案】C 【详解】考查过去将来时。句意：陈老师告诉学生她下周将去北京参加教学研讨会。分析句子可知，主句谓语动词told为过去时，从句中the next week表示从过去看将来，应用过去将来时，其结构为would + 动词原形，故选C。 9. Mr. Zhang _______ English in this vocational school ever since he graduated from university. A. is teaching B. has taught C. teaches D. taught 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：张老师自从大学毕业后就在这所职业学校教英语。分析句子可知，ever since引导的时间状语表示从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时，其结构为has + 过去分词，故选B。 10. Hurry up! The train to Changchun _______ at three thirty this afternoon. A. left B. has left C. is leaving D. leaves 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在进行时表示将来。句意：快点！去长春的火车今天下午三点半就要开了。分析句子可知，此处用现在进行时表示按计划即将发生的动作，常用于come、go、leave、arrive等位移动词，故选C。 11. English _______ as a second language in many countries around the world today. A. is spoken B. speaks C. spoke D. has spoken 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：如今英语在世界许多国家被作为第二语言使用。分析句子可知，主语English与谓语动词speak之间为被动关系，且陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are + 过去分词，故选A。 12. The old stone bridge in our village _______ by the heavy flood last summer. A. destroyed B. is destroyed C. was destroyed D. destroys 【答案】C 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：我们村那座古老的石桥在去年夏天被特大洪水冲毁了。分析句子可知，主语The old stone bridge与谓语动词destroy之间为被动关系，且时间状语last summer表示过去的时间，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were + 过去分词，主语为单数用was，故选C。 13. A new school library _______ in our campus and it will open to students next month. A. will build B. has been built C. builds D. built 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：我们校园里已经建了一座新图书馆，下个月将对学生开放。分析句子可知，主语A new school library与谓语动词build之间为被动关系，且强调动作已经完成并对现在有影响，应用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为has been + 过去分词，故选B。 14. The final examination _______ until next Wednesday because of the heavy snow. A. put off B. putting off C. will be put off D. puts off 【答案】C 【详解】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：由于大雪，期末考试将被推迟到下周三。分析句子可知，主语The final examination与谓语动词put off之间为被动关系，且动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be + 过去分词，故选C。 15. This kind of medicine _______ in a dry and cool place according to the instructions. A. kept B. should be kept C. should keep D. keeps 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：根据说明书，这种药应存放在干燥阴凉的地方。分析句子可知，主语This kind of medicine与谓语动词keep之间为被动关系，情态动词should表示建议，情态动词的被动语态结构为情态动词 + be + 过去分词，故选B。 16. A new subway line _______ in the eastern part of our city at the moment. A. built B. has been built C. is being built D. builds 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：目前我市东部正在修建一条新的地铁线路。分析句子可知，主语A new subway line与谓语动词build之间为被动关系，且at the moment表示动作此刻正在发生，应用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are being + 过去分词，故选C。 17. You _______ finish all your homework before you can play computer games. A. may B. need C. must D. can 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词must的用法。句意：你必须完成所有作业才能玩电脑游戏。分析句子可知，此处表示强烈的必要性或义务，应用must，意为必须，故选C。 18. My elder sister _______ play the violin very well when she was only five years old. A. would B. could C. must D. should 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词could的用法。句意：我姐姐五岁时就能很好弹奏小提琴。分析句子可知，when she was only five years old表示过去的时间，此处表示过去具备的能力，应用can的过去式could，故选B。 19. Mr. Wang _______ be in the office right now because I just saw him in the school library. A. must B. may C. should D. can't 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词表示否定推测的用法。句意：王老师现在不可能在办公室，因为我刚在学校图书馆看见他了。分析句子可知，because引导的原因状语从句提供了确凿证据，此处表示否定的推测，意为不可能，应用can't，故选D。 20. — _______ I borrow your English dictionary for a while? —Of course. Here you are. A. May B. Must C. Should D. Need 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词may表示请求许可的用法。句意：---我可以借用一下你的英语词典吗？---当然可以，给你。分析句子可知，此处为征求对方许可，应用may表示委婉的请求，故选A。 21. You don't look well today. I think you _______ go to see a doctor right away. A. can B. may C. must D. should 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词should的用法。句意：你今天看起来不太好，我认为你应该马上去看医生。分析句子可知，此处表示提出建议或劝告，应用should，意为应该，故选D。 22. You _______ take an umbrella with you. The weather report says it will be sunny all day. A. must B. may C. should D. needn't 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词need的用法。句意：你不必带伞，天气预报说今天全天都是晴天。分析句子可知，由it will be sunny all day可知此处表示没有必要，应用needn't，意为不必，故选D。 23. There is so much noise coming from upstairs. The children _______ be playing games there. A. must B. can C. should D. need 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表示肯定推测的用法。句意：楼上传来很大的噪音，孩子们一定在那里玩游戏。分析句子可知，There is so much noise coming from upstairs提供了充分的依据，此处表示十分肯定的推测，意为一定，应用must，故选A。 24. Would you mind _______ the door? It is a bit cold in the classroom. A. close B. to close C. closed D. closing 【答案】D 【详解】考查动名词作宾语的用法。句意：你介意关上门吗？教室里有点冷。分析句子可知，动词mind后接动词作宾语时，需用动名词形式，即mind doing sth.为固定用法，故选D。 25. After careful thinking, my cousin decided _______ in China to look for a good job. A. staying B. stay C. stayed D. to stay 【答案】D 【详解】考查不定式作宾语的用法。句意：经过慎重考虑，我表哥决定留在中国找一份好工作。分析句子可知，动词decide后接动词作宾语时，需用不定式形式，即decide to do sth.为固定用法，故选D。 26. She got up at five o'clock in the morning _______ the first bus to the city center. A. to catch B. catch C. catching D. caught 【答案】A 【详解】考查不定式作目的状语的用法。句意：她早上五点起床是为了赶上第一班去市中心的公交车。分析句子可知，句子已有谓语got up，此处应用不定式表示目的，即起床的目的是赶公交车，故选A。 27. My younger brother really enjoys _______ football with his good friends after school every day. A. to play B. played C. playing D. play 【答案】C 【详解】考查动名词作宾语的用法。句意：我弟弟非常喜欢每天放学后和好朋友们一起踢足球。分析句子可知，动词enjoy后接动词作宾语时，需用动名词形式，即enjoy doing sth.为固定用法，故选C。 28. Thank you very much for _______ me with my English study these past few days. A. help B. to help C. helped D. helping 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词后接动名词的用法。句意：非常感谢你这几天在英语学习上对我的帮助。分析句子可知，介词for后接动词时需用动名词形式，即thank sb. for doing sth.为固定搭配，故选D。 29. The strict math teacher made the naughty boy _______ outside the classroom for half an hour. A. stood B. to stand C. stand D. standing 【答案】C 【详解】考查不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的用法。句意：那位严厉的数学老师让那个调皮的男孩在教室外站了半个小时。分析句子可知，使役动词make后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，即make sb. do sth.为固定用法，故选C。 30. _______ too much fast food every day is very harmful to your body and health. A. Ate B. Eating C. Eat D. Eaten 【答案】B 【详解】考查动名词作主语的用法。句意：每天吃太多快餐对你的身体健康非常有害。分析句子可知，句中缺少主语，需要用动名词短语作主语表示泛指的日常行为，Eat为动词原形不能作主语，Eaten为过去分词不能作主语，Ate为过去式不能作主语，故选B。 31. _______ from the top of the mountain, the whole town looks like a beautiful picture. A. To see B. Seen C. See D. Seeing 【答案】B 【详解】考查过去分词作状语的用法。句意：从山顶上看，整座小镇看起来像一幅美丽的图画。分析句子可知，句子的逻辑主语是the whole town，与动词see之间为被动关系，即小镇被看，应用过去分词作状语表示被动，故选B。 32. Liu Fang is always the first student _______ to the classroom every morning in our class. A. to come B. coming C. comes D. came 【答案】A 【详解】考查不定式作定语的用法。句意：刘芳每天早上总是我们班第一个到教室的学生。分析句子可知，当名词被序数词first、last等修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语，即the first to do sth.为固定结构，故选A。 33. My grandfather _______ smoke a lot when he was young, but he gave it up ten years ago. A. is used to B. was used to C. got used to D. used to 【答案】D 【详解】考查used to的用法。句意：我爷爷年轻时抽烟很厉害，但十年前戒了。分析句子可知，此处表示过去的习惯且现已不再如此，空格后为动词原形smoke，应用used to do sth.表示过去常常做某事，而be/get used to后接动名词表示习惯于做某事与此处结构不符，故选D。 34. Will you please let me _______ your new bicycle for a short ride this afternoon? A. ride B. riding C. to ride D. rode 【答案】A 【详解】考查不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的用法。句意：今天下午你能让我骑一下你的新自行车吗？分析句子可知，使役动词let后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，即let sb. do sth.为固定用法，故选A。 35. If I _______ you, I would accept the job offer without a second thought. A. were B. am C. was D. being 【答案】A 【详解】考查虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法。句意：如果我是你，我会毫不犹豫地接受这份工作。分析句子可知，此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，if条件句中的谓语动词应用过去式，be动词不论人称一律用were，这是虚拟语气的标志用法，故选A。 36. If he _______ harder last term, he would have passed the final English examination. A. has studied B. studies C. had studied D. studied 【答案】C 【详解】考查虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法。句意：如果上学期他更努力学习的话，他就通过英语期末考试了。分析句子可知，时间状语last term和主句中的would have passed表明此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，if条件句应用过去完成时had + 过去分词，故选C。 37. I wish I _______ fly high in the blue sky like a free bird. A. must B. could C. can D. will 【答案】B 【详解】考查wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气。句意：我希望我能像一只自由的鸟儿一样在蓝天高飞。分析句子可知，wish后的宾语从句表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语动词应用过去式，情态动词用过去式could，故选B。 38. It is high time that you _______ a serious decision about your future career plan. A. are making B. made C. make D. will make 【答案】B 【详解】考查It's (high) time that...句型中的虚拟语气。句意：到了你该认真决定未来职业规划的时候了。分析句子可知，It's (high) time that...为固定句型表示该做某事的时候了，that从句的谓语动词应用一般过去时，或用should + 动词原形且should不可省略，这是虚拟语气在该句型中的固定用法，故选B。 39. The little boy talked about the moon as if he _______ there before. A. has been B. is C. had been D. was 【答案】C 【详解】考查as if引导方式状语从句中的虚拟语气。句意：那个小男孩谈论起月球，好像他以前去过那里似的。分析句子可知，主句谓语动词talked为过去时，as if引导的从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句谓语应用过去完成时had + 过去分词，即had been表示实际上并未去过，故选C。 40. The doctor strongly suggested that the patient _______ more physical exercise every day to stay healthy. A. taking B. take C. takes D. took 【答案】B 【详解】考查suggest表示建议时宾语从句中的虚拟语气。句意：医生强烈建议病人每天多做体育锻炼以保持健康。分析句子可知，suggest表示建议时，其后的that宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should + 动词原形，其中should可以省略，故用动词原形take，故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $