Unit 1 Learning to learn-同步【语法】-动词不定式作目的状语（Infinitive of purpose）-2025-2026学年沪外教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语单元知识清单聚焦“动词不定式作目的状语”语法点，涵盖核心功能、同义结构、否定形式、易混辨析等语法重点，配套课本习题及基础、提升、拓展三层同步练习，搭建从知识归纳到应用实践再到综合拓展的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“黄金规则强调”“易混对比表”“分层练习设计”构建知识体系，如明确“不定式时态不变”规则，对比“to do与so that从句”差异，基础层设单选填空，提升层含判断互译，拓展层有短文填空和书面表达，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。参考答案附详细解析，教师可精准教学，学生能自主查漏，高效掌握语法要点。

Unit 1 Learning to learn-同步【语法】 动词不定式作目的状语（Infinitive of purpose） 【同步语法复习】 一、语法重点归纳 (1) 核心功能： · 不定式（to do）表达主语动作的目的 结构：to + 动词原形 例句：I made a picture story to remind me of the word “playful”. 不定式 to remind 解释制作图画故事的目的。 (2) 同义强化结构 · in order to do sth 为了……（句首、句末均可使用） · so as to do sth 为了……仅能放在句末，不可放句首 例句：I made a picture story in order /so as to remind me of the word “playful”. (3) 否定目的结构 · in order not to do sth / so as not to do sth 为了不…… 错误：to not do /not to do（口语偶尔出现，书面考试优先使用 in order not to） 例句：I repeated the word several times in order not to /so as not to forget it. (4) 黄金规则 · 无论主句谓语动词是什么时态，作目的状语的不定式一律使用 to + 动词原形，形式永远不变！ (5) 易混辨析 ① to do（目的状语） VS so that + 完整句子（目的状语从句） · He gets up early to catch the bus.（to do + 动词原形） · He gets up early so that he can catch the bus.（so that + 主谓句子） ② 区分不定式符号 to 和介词 to 表目的的 to 后面必须加动词原形，不存在 to doing； ③ 位置规则 To do sth, Main clause.（句首 to do，逗号隔开，强调目的） Main clause to do sth.（句末 to do，常规语序） （错误） So as to do sth, Main clause. （so as to 禁止置于句首） 二、课本习题 (1) 课本习题C1 Q1 What is the relationship of the infinitive clause and the main clause? 答：The infinitive tells the purpose of the action in the main clause.（不定式说明主句动作的目的） Q2 Does the infinitive have a tense? 答：No. The infinitive form stays unchanged, no matter what tense the main verb uses.（不定式没有时态变化） (2) 课本习题C2 1. You should talk to your teachers —— c. to get more information and support. 句意：你应当和老师交流，获取更多信息与帮助。 解析：和老师沟通的目的是获取支持，to get 作目的状语。 2. I called my father —— e. to tell him the good news. 句意：我打电话给爸爸，告知他这个好消息。 解析：打电话的目的是传递消息。 3. He copied the way native speakers spoke —— b. to improve his pronunciation. 句意：他模仿母语者的说话方式来改善发音。 解析：模仿语音的目的是提升发音水平。 4. She’s working hard —— a. to pass her exam. 句意：她努力学习想要通过考试。 5. I’m going to buy some bread —— d. to make some sandwiches. 句意：我准备去买面包做三明治。 (3) 课本习题C3 （词库：balance pass help have learn） 1. To learn more effectively, we should choose learning methods suitable for us. 句意：为了更高效地学习，我们应当选择适合自己的学习方法。 解析：不定式置于句首表目的，to 后使用动词原形。 2. She carefully manages her time to balance her hobbies and school life. 句意：她合理规划时间，平衡爱好与校园生活。 解析：管理时间的目的是平衡两者。 3. In order to pass the exam, she stayed up late studying almost every night. 句意：为了通过考试，她几乎每晚熬夜学习。 解析：in order to + 动词原形 表目的。 4. I want to have a better relationship with my parents. 句意：我希望和父母建立更好的关系。 解析：固定搭配 have a good relationship；want to do。 5. He used the internet to help him find more information about this workshop. 句意：他利用网络帮助自己查找关于这场研讨会的更多资料。 解析：使用网络的目的是提供帮助。 (4) 本课习题C4 思路：because 引导的目的状语从句 → 简化为 to do 目的不定式 1. I signed up for online courses because I can study at home. → I signed up for online courses to study at home. 句意：我报名线上课程，在家学习。 解析：报名网课的目的是居家学习，用 to study 替换原因从句。 2. I want to work with groups of people because I want to practise my people skills. → I want to work with groups of people to practise my people skills. 句意：我想要小组合作，锻炼人际交往能力。 3. She went to Paris because she wanted to study art there. → She went to Paris to study art there. 句意：她前往巴黎，在那里学习艺术。 4. More people are cycling to work because they want to do more exercise. → More people are cycling to work to do more exercise. 句意：更多人骑车上班来增加运动。 (5) 课本习题C5 原文划线改写： 1. If you want to be a top student, you need to work hard through the year. → To be a top student, you need to work hard through the year. 句意：想要成为优等生，你需要一整年都勤奋学习。 解析： If you want to be a top student（条件状语从句，表目的意向），可以转化为句首不定式 To be… 作目的状语，表示 “为了……”。不定式放句首，用来体现动作的目的。 2. For learning a new language, you can use language apps. → To learn a new language, you can use language apps. 句意：为学习一门新语言，你可以使用语言学习软件。 解析： For doing 很少用来表达目的（多用于原因）；表达 “为了做某事”，标准书面结构是 To do sth（不定式表目的），因此替换为 To learn。 3. …to group words because it can help you learn vocabulary effectively. → …to group words to learn vocabulary effectively. 句意：…… 把单词分类，从而高效记忆词汇。 解析： because it can help you learn… 原句用原因从句说明分类单词的目的。使用不定式 to learn… 作目的状语，直接表达 “分类单词” 这一行为的目标，句式更加简洁。 4. You can set up a study group when you want to study with others. → You can set up a study group to study with others. 句意：你可以组建学习小组，和其他人一同学习。 解析： when you want to study with others 时间从句此处表达组建小组的目的。使用不定式 to study… 放在主句后作目的状语，清晰说明建立学习小组的意图。 【同步语法练习】 ——基础层—— 1、 单项选择 1. —A: Why do you keep a learning journal? —B: ____ track my progress in English study. A. Record B. To record C. Recording D. Recorded 2. —A: Will you slow down during the presentation? —B: Sure. I will speak slowly ____ everyone can follow me. A. to B. in order to C. so that D. so as to 3. —A: Why do you avoid drinking too much coffee? —B: I drink less coffee ____ feel sleepy in class. A. in order not to B. so as to C. to not D. not to 4. —A: Do you watch science videos regularly? —B: Yes. I watch them ____ know more about biology. A. for B. to C. so D. that 5. —A: ____ learn traditional culture, many students visit the local museum every holiday. —B: That is a wonderful practice. A. So as to B. In order to C. In order not to D. To not 6. —A: Why do you mark key points on your notes? —B: ____ review knowledge quickly before exams. A. To B. For C. About D. With 7. —A: We should take cloth bags when shopping. —B: Exactly. We take them ____ reduce plastic pollution. A. reducing B. reduce C. to reduce D. reduces 8. —A: Why do you read new words aloud every morning? —B: I read aloud several times ____ forget them easily. A. so as not to B. so as to C. in order to D. to 2、 动词适当形式填空 要求：使用括号内动词正确形式填空 1. ____ (improve) reading skills, she reads one English article every day. 2. He carries a camera ____ (take) photos for the geography project. 3. Keep quiet ____ (not disturb) classmates who are doing experiments. 4. We design posters ____ (call) on people to protect rivers. 5. She gets up early ____ (finish) her observation diary. 6. You can use coloured pens ____ (make) your mind map clearer. ——提升层—— 1、 判断正误（T/F），错误句子写出正确内容 1. So as to collect enough data, our group will carry out a survey. 2. She takes notes carefully in order not to miss key information. 3. I go to the library to borrowing books about environmental protection. 4. He practises painting every day so that to join the school art competition. 5. To learn physics well, we need to try more small experiments 6. We turn off classroom lights to not waste energy. 7. They communicate often so as to finish the group project on time. 8. In order to understanding local culture, they talk with local citizens. 2、 中英互译 1. 为了提升英语口语，他每周参加英语角。 2. 她拍摄花草照片，记录植物的生长过程。 3. 我们整理旧书籍，为乡村孩子提供阅读资源。 4. 为了不打扰学习的同学，请保持安静。 5. 许多人选择骑行上班，减少空气污染。 6. To make our mind maps clearer, we use different coloured pens. 7. He searches online in order to find more information about space science. 8. Students write diaries so as not to forget what they learn in experiments. 9. I save pocket money to buy books about traditional Chinese culture. 10. They hold this activity to encourage teenagers to love nature. ——拓展层—— 1、 短文语法填空 阅读短文，用括号内动词的适当形式填空 Learning skills are important for every student. 1.____ (develop) good learning habits, our English teacher shares lots of useful advice with us. We often take notes in class 2.____ (catch) key language points. Many of us keep vocabulary notebooks 3.____ (remember) new words. We read English passages aloud 4.____ (improve) our pronunciation. We discuss in small groups 5.____ (solve) difficult problems together. We plan our study time carefully 6.____ (avoid) leaving homework till the last minute. We review lessons regularly 7.____ (not forget) what we have learned. We also watch short English videos 8.____ (practise) listening. All these small ways help us a lot 9.____ (become) better learners. We keep trying 10.____ (make) greater progress day by day. 2、 书面表达 写作要求 学校英语社团发起 “英语学习小妙招” 分享活动，请你以 My ways to learn English well 为题写一篇短文投稿。 要点提示： 1. 坚持观看英文短视频，练习听力； 2. 摘抄优美句子，积累写作素材； 3. 和伙伴英文对话，敢于开口； 4. 制作单词卡片，巩固词汇。 要求： 5. 合理运用不定式短语作目的状语； 6. 行文流畅，时态正确；词数为 80-100 词。 参考答案和解析 ——基础层—— 一、 单项选择 1. 答案：B 句意：——A：你为什么坚持写学习日志？——B：为了记录自己英语学习的进步。 解析：Why 问句询问目的，用不定式 to do 作答；to 后接动词原形。A 动词原形不能独立表目的；C 动名词不表目的；D 时态错误。 2. 答案：C 句意：——A：展示的时候你能放慢语速吗？——B：当然。我会放慢语速，让所有人都能跟上。 解析：空格后是完整句子 everyone can follow me。so that 后接目的状语从句；to /in order to /so as to 后面只能接动词原形。 3. 答案：A 句意：——A：你为什么少喝咖啡？——B：我少喝咖啡，以免上课犯困。 解析：表达否定目的，书面规范结构 in order not to do；B 表肯定目的，语义相反；C、D 不是考试标准写法。 4. 答案：B 句意：——A：你经常看科普视频吗？——B：是的，我观看视频来了解更多生物知识。 解析：to know 不定式作目的状语。for 是介词，后面只能接名词 / 动名词；so、that 无法直接连接动词原形表目的。 5. 答案：B 句意：——A：为了学习传统文化，许多学生假期参观本地博物馆。——B：这是很好的实践。 解析：空格位于句首。so as to 不能放在句首；in order to 句首句末通用；C 语义不符；D 形式错误。 6. 答案：A 句意：——A：你为什么在笔记上标注重点？——B：为了考前快速复习知识点。 解析：回答 Why 问句，使用 To +动词原形 表目的。for 为介词，后面必须搭配名词，不能直接接动词原形 review。 7. 答案：C 句意：——A：购物时我们应当带布袋。——B：没错，我们携带布袋减少塑料污染。 解析：不定式 to reduce 作目的状语，说明带布袋的目的；不定式符号 to 之后必须使用动词原形。 8. 答案：A 句意：——A：你为什么每天早上大声朗读新词？——B：我反复朗读单词，避免轻易遗忘。 解析：需要表达否定目的（为了不忘记），so as not to do 放在句末符合语法规则；B、C、D 均表达肯定目的，逻辑不成立。 二、 动词适当形式填空 1. To improve 句意：为提升阅读能力，她每天阅读一篇英语短文。 解析：不定式置于句首，To + 动词原形作目的状语，表示 “为了……”。 2. to take 句意：他带着相机，为地理课题拍摄照片。 解析：主句后使用不定式 to do，说明携带相机的目的。 3. in order not to disturb 句意：请保持安静，以免打扰正在做实验的同学们。 解析：表达否定目的，书面考试标准结构 in order not to do；不推荐直接写 not to disturb。 4. to call 句意：我们制作海报呼吁人们保护河流。 解析：不定式作目的状语，说明制作海报的目的。 5. to finish 句意：她早起完成观察日记。 解析：不定式表早起的目的。 6. to make 句意：你可以使用彩笔，让思维导图更加清晰。 解析：不定式说明使用彩笔的目的。 ——提升层—— 一、 判断正误（T/F），错误句子写出正确内容 1. 答案：F 改正：In order to collect enough data, our group will carry out a survey. 句意： 为了收集足够的数据，我们小组将开展一项调查。 解析：so as to 不可以放在句首；句首表目的只能用 To do / In order to do。 2. 答案：T 句意：她认真记笔记，为了不错过重要信息。 解析：in order not to do 标准否定目的结构。 3. 答案：F 改正：I go to the library to borrow books about environmental protection. 句意：我去图书馆借关于环境保护的书。 解析：不定式符号 to 后面必须使用动词原形。 4. 答案：F 改正：He practises painting every day to join the school art competition. 句意：他每天练习绘画，以参加学校的艺术比赛。 解析：so that 后面接完整句子，不能和 to do 连用。 5. 答案：T 句意：为了学好物理，我们需要尝试更多小实验。 解析：To do 置于句首表目的，语法正确。 6. 答案：F 改正：We turn off classroom lights in order not to waste energy. 句意：我们关掉教室的灯是为了不浪费能源。 解析：书面正式文体中否定目的优先使用 in order not to do。 7. 答案：T 句意：他们经常沟通，以便按时完成小组项目。 解析：so as to 放在句末表达肯定目的，语法合规。 8. 答案：F 改正：In order to understand local culture, they talk with local citizens. 句意：为了了解当地文化，他们与当地居民交谈。 解析：in order to 后面接动词原形。 二、 中英互译 1. 参考译文：In order to improve his oral English, he takes part in the English corner every week. 解析：“为了……” 置于句首，使用 In order to + 动词原形；也可写 To improve；so as to 不可放在句首。 2.参考译文：She takes photos of flowers and plants to record their growth. 解析：主句后用 to do 作目的状语，说明拍照的目的。 3.参考译文：We sort out old books to provide reading resources for children in villages. 解析：不定式 to provide 表整理旧书的目的。 4.参考译文：Please keep quiet in order not to disturb classmates who are studying. 解析：否定目的，书面标准结构 in order not to do / so as not to do。 5.参考译文：Lots of people choose to cycle to work so as to cut down air pollution. 解析：短语置于句末，可用 so as to do / to do 表达肯定目的。 6.译文：为了让我们的思维导图更加清晰，我们使用不同颜色的笔。 解析：To do 置于句首，不定式作目的状语。 7.译文：他上网搜索，查找更多关于太空科学的资料。 解析：in order to do 放在主句后，表达动作目的。 8.译文：学生们写日记，以免忘记他们在实验中学到的知识。 解析：so as not to do 句末使用，表否定目的。 9.译文：我存零花钱来购买有关中国传统文化的书籍。 解析：to do 作目的状语，说明存钱的目的。 10.译文：他们举办这项活动，鼓励青少年热爱大自然。 解析：不定式 to encourage 说明举办活动的目的。 ——拓展层—— 一、 短文语法填空 1. To develop 句意：为养成良好的学习习惯，英语老师向我们分享许多实用建议。 解析：不定式置于句首，作目的状语，表达 “为了……”。 2. to catch 句意：我们经常课堂上记笔记，抓住重点语言知识点。 解析：不定式作目的状语，说明记笔记的目的。 3. to remember 句意：不少同学准备词汇本记忆生词。 解析：不定式表目的。 4. to improve 句意：我们大声朗读英语短文来改善发音。 解析：不定式作目的状语。 5. to solve 句意：我们进行小组讨论，共同攻克难题。 解析：不定式表达小组交流的目的。 6. to avoid 句意：我们合理规划学习时间，避免拖延作业。 解析：不定式表目的。 7. in order not to forget / so as not to forget 句意：我们定期复习，防止遗忘所学内容。 解析：否定含义的目的结构，书面考试标准形式。 8. to practise 句意：我们也观看英语短视频练习听力。 解析：不定式作目的状语。 9. to become 句意：这些小方法助力我们成为更优秀的学习者。 解析：固定搭配 help sb. (to) do；结合单元考点，填写 to become。 10. to make 句意：我们持续努力，争取一天天取得更大进步。 解析：不定式表努力的目标与目的。 二、 书面表达 参考范文 My ways to learn English well English plays an important role in our daily life, and I have some practical ways to learn it well. I keep watching short English videos to practise my listening skills in my free time. I write down beautiful sentences to collect useful materials for my writing. I often talk with my partners in English to be brave enough to speak out. Besides, I make word cards to remember new words. These small methods work well. As long as I keep practising every day, I will become more confident in using English freely. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $