2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册 Unit 1 Happy Holiday 课堂笔记

该初中英语讲义通过分类梳理构建Unit 1 Happy Holiday单元知识体系，将重点短语、词形变换、重要知识点及核心语法系统整合，用表格归纳词形变换规则，框架图呈现语法结构，清晰展示重难点分布及内在逻辑联系。 讲义亮点在于融合文化元素与语言训练，如“the Great Wall”“steamed chicken soup”渗透文化意识，通过“hear sb. do/doing sth.”用法对比培养思维品质。一般过去时句式示例（如“I watched TV last night”）帮助学生掌握语言能力，支持不同层次学生自主复习，为教师精准教学提供有效资源。

新人教版八年级上册 Unit 1 Happy Holiday 课堂笔记 Section A 一、重点短语 1. take/have music lessons 上音乐课 2. lots of / a lot of 大量；许多 3. go on holiday / vacation 去度假 4. see the sunrise 看日出 5. the Great Wall 长城 6. a few 少数；几个 7. take sb's breath away 使人惊叹；让人叹绝 8. take photos 拍照 9. stay at home 待在家里 10. work as … 从事……工作 11. ready to do sth. 马上要（做某事）；愿意做（某事） 12. by oneself 单独地；独自地 13. get to … / arrive in/at … / reach … 到达 14. nothing but 只有；只是 15. in the sky 在天空中 16. nothing but - nothing but to do sth. 只有做某事（侧重具体动作） - nothing but doing sth. 只想做某事（侧重动作名词属性、习惯性） 17. spend - spend time with sb. 度过时光 - spend time/money on sth. - spend time/money (in) doing sth. 18. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 19. hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事（全过程） hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事（动作正在发生） 20. steamed chicken soup 汽锅鸡 21. play games 玩游戏 --- 二、词形变换 1. take — took（过去式）— taken（过去分词） v. 拍照；拿；取；买下；带走；花费（时间等） 2. build — built（过去式/过去分词） v. 创建；建造 n. building 建筑物；房子 n. builder 建设者 3. strange adj. 奇怪的；陌生的 adv. strangely 奇怪地 n. stranger 陌生人 4. scarf n. 围巾；披巾 复数：scarfs / scarves 5. breathe v. 呼吸 n. breath 呼吸的空气；一口气 6. bore v. 使厌烦 adj. bored 厌倦的；烦闷的（修饰人） adj. boring 没趣的；令人厌倦的（修饰事物） 7. comfortable adj. 舒适的；使人舒服的 反义词：uncomfortable adv. comfortably 舒适地 --- 三、重要知识点 1. visit ① v. 参观；拜访 搭配：visit sb. / visit sp. 例：I visited my grandparents with my parents last weekend. Did you visit the Great Wall? ② n. 访问；参观；游览 派生词：visitor n. 参观者；游客 例：This is my first visit to China. 2. amazed & amazing - amazed：惊奇的；惊讶的，用来描述人的感受 - amazing：令人惊奇的；惊叹的，通常修饰事物，说明事物性质特征 例：Everyone was amazed when they heard the amazing news. 3. 感叹句 ✅ How 引导的感叹句 ① How + adj./adv. + (主语+谓语)! 例：How clever Li Lei is! How fast he runs! ② How + 主语 + 谓语! 例：How time flies! ③ How + adj. + a/an + 可数名词单数 + (主语+谓语)! 例：How beautiful a flower it is! ✅ What 引导的感叹句 ① What + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 + (主语+谓语)! 例：What a beautiful flower it is! ② What + adj. + 可数名词复数 + (主语+谓语)! 例：What beautiful flowers they are! ③ What + adj. + 不可数名词 + (主语+谓语)! 例：What bad weather it is! 4. Did sb. do sth.? 一般过去时一般疑问句 did 是助动词 do/does 的过去式，无人称和数的变化，后面动词使用原形。 例：Did they visit the ancient building? 5. sound ① 系动词，后接形容词作表语：听起来；好像 例：The music sounds beautiful. Your idea sounds great. ② n. 声音；指各种可听到的声响（大自然的声音） 例：I heard a strange sound. The sound of the rain is nice. 6. enjoy v. 享受……乐趣；喜欢 派生词：enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的 短语： enjoy sth. 喜欢/享受某物 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 enjoy oneself = have fun = have a good time 玩得开心 7. taste ① 系动词（后接adj.作表语）：有……的味道；强调事物本身味道 例：The soup tastes delicious. ② 实义动词：尝；品尝；强调主动品尝的动作 例：Come and taste the cookies. She tasted the coffee to see if it was sweet. ③ n. 味道；滋味 例：This cake has a strong chocolate taste. 💡拓展同类感官系动词：look看起来、sound听起来、smell闻起来、feel摸起来 8. experience ① 可数名词：经历 例：Traveling to Australia was an exciting experience. 短语：an unforgettable experience 一次难忘的经历 ② 不可数名词：经验；从实践获得的知识技能 例：She has rich experience in teaching. 谚语：Experience is the best teacher. 短语：working/learning experience 工作/学习经验 ③ v. 经历；体验；亲身遭遇某事 例：We experienced a heavy rain last night. 派生词：experienced adj. 有经验的 --- 四、核心语法 语法1：一般过去时 1. 含义：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。 2. 动词结构：动词过去式（无人称和数变化） 3. 时间标志词：yesterday, last night/week/month, two days ago, just now, in+过去时间点…… 4. 动词过去式规则变化 变化规则例子 一般情况，直接加-edwant—wanted；play—played 以e结尾动词，直接加-dhope—hoped；live—lived 重读闭音节，辅+元+辅结尾，双写末尾辅音再加-edstop—stopped；shop—shopped；plan—planned 辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加-edstudy—studied；worry—worried 5. 句式结构 🔹 含be动词 肯定句：Our school trip was great last week. 否定句：Our school trip wasn’t great last week. 一般疑问句：Was your school trip great last week? 特殊疑问句：How was your school trip last week? 🔹 含实义动词 肯定句：I watched TV last night. 否定句：I didn’t watch TV last night. 一般疑问句：Did you watch TV last night? 特殊疑问句：What did you do last night? --- 语法2：复合不定代词 1. 构成：some-, any-, no-, every- + -one/-body/-thing some someone somebody something any anyone anybody anything no no one nobody nothing every everyone everybody everything 2. 用法要点 ① 形容词修饰不定代词，形容词后置 例：I have something interesting. ② 复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数 例：Everyone is special. Everything is possible. ③ some类多用于肯定句；any类多用于否定句、疑问句 例：Somebody is playing football now. Did anyone call me? ④ some-可用于表请求、建议的疑问句，希望得到肯定回答 例：Would you like something to eat? ⑤ any-用于肯定句，表示“任何人/任何事物” 例：Anyone can do this. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $