专题23 动词的非谓语形式（知识清单）（北京专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习知识清单聚焦动词非谓语形式专题，涵盖不定式、动名词/现在分词、过去分词三大形式，谓语与非谓语区分规则，语法填空通用解题流程及特殊高频结构，通过知识脑图搭建框架，考点分层突破重难点，优题精练强化实战应用。 清单以“四步解题流程”培养学生思维品质，标注高频失分点如双谓语错误、did与done混淆提升语言能力，设基础、提高、真题改编三阶演练及“一谓一连记心间”等口诀支持学习能力。真题改编篇对接高考考点，教师可据此精准指导，学生能自主高效复习，助力备考。

清单23 动词的非谓语形式 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 非谓语动词三大形式 知识点1不定式to do 知识点2 动名词 +现在分词doing 知识点 3 分词doing/done 知识点 4 特殊高频结构 考点二 谓语与非谓语区分判断规则 考点三 非谓语语法填空通用解题流程 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点一 非谓语动词三大形式（北京高考语法填空高频） 核心前提：非谓语不作句子谓语；一句话一套主谓，已有谓语、无并列连词，则动词用非谓语 三类基础形式：to do（不定式） /doing（现在分词 & 动名词） /done（过去分词） 时态语态变体：to be done；to have done；doing /having done；being done；having been done 知识点 1 不定式 to do 核心含义：目的、将来、要去做、具体某次动作 1. 作状语：表目的（句首 / 句末） 例句：To protect traditional culture, many local projects have been carried out. 为保护传统文化，很多地方项目已经开展。 2. 作定语：表将来、有待完成 例句：We have a lot of tasks to finish. 我们有很多任务要完成。 3. 作宾语：固定动词后接 to do（want, hope, decide, plan, refuse, promise） 4. 作宾补：ask/encourage/allow sb to do；  ⚠️感官、使役动词 see/hear/make/let/have 后宾补省 to；被动语态 to 必须还原  例：He was made to apologize. 5. 固定句型：It is +adj.+to do（it 形式主语） 6. 变体 · to be done：不定式被动，表将来被做 例句：The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important. 明天将要举办的会议十分重要。 · to have done：不定式完成式，动作发生在主句动作之前 知识点 2 doing（动名词 + 现在分词） 含义：主动、进行；动名词相当于名词，充当主语宾语 1. 动名词（名词属性） ①作主语：Reading broadens our horizons. 阅读拓宽眼界。 ②作宾语：介词后面一律用 doing（without, before, after, for, look forward to, devote to, pay attention to） ⚠️陷阱：to 为介词，后面用 doing，不是 to do 2. 现在分词（形容词 / 副词属性，作定语、状语、宾补） ①作定语：主动、正在进行 例句：The boy standing there is my classmate. 站在那里的男孩是我的同学。 ②作状语：伴随、原因、结果，逻辑主语 = 主句主语，主动关系 例句：He sat there, reading a report. 他坐在那里，读一份报告。 ③变体 having done：主动完成，动作先于主句谓语 being done：现在分词被动，正在被……（定语、状语） 知识点 3 done 过去分词 含义：被动、已经完成；无时态变化，不充当谓语 1. 作定语：被动、完成 例句：The book written by the famous writer is popular. 这位知名作家写的书广受欢迎。 2. 作状语：条件、原因、让步，逻辑主语与动词被动 例句：Seen from the top, the park looks amazing. 从山顶看，公园很美。 3. 作宾补：find/have/get sth done 使某物被…… 例句：I had my bike repaired. 我找人修了自行车。 知识点 4 特殊高频结构（北京卷 & 海淀模考常考） 1. 状语从句省略：从句主语 = 主句主语，从句含 be，可省略主语 + be，保留 doing/done  When (he was) asked, he kept silent. → When asked, he kept silent. 2. 独立主格：非谓语自带逻辑主语，和主句主语不一致；名词 / 代词 + doing/done，不作从句，不用连词  The work finished, we went home. 工作完成，我们回家。 3. 易混动词搭配（to do /doing 含义不同） · remember to do 记得要做；remember doing 记得做过 · forget to do 忘记要做；forget doing 忘记做过 · regret to do 遗憾要做；regret doing 后悔做过 · stop to do 停下来去做另一件；stop doing 停下正在做的事 · try to do 尽力做；try doing 尝试做 考点二 谓语与非谓语区分判断规则（北京卷核心分水岭） 1. 句子找已有谓语动词；谓语数量 = 连词数量 + 1 2. 已有谓语，无 and/or/but 并列连词 → 动词填非谓语 to do /doing/done 3. 无谓语动词 → 填谓语，考虑时态语态主谓一致 得 分 助 手 4. 致命区分：  did：谓语过去式，做谓语  done：非谓语过去分词，绝对不能单独做谓语，不能加 be 就变成谓语被动（be done） 错：The report wrote by him impressed me. ✅对：The report written by him impressed me. 考点三 非谓语语法填空通用解题流程（考场四步） ①判谓语 / 非谓语：句中已有谓语，无并列连词→确定非谓语 ②找逻辑主语：通常为主句主语，或被修饰的紧邻名词 ③判主被动：逻辑主语发出动作→to do /doing；承受动作→done /being done ④判时间功能：   表目的、将来→to do/to be done   表主动、进行、伴随结果→doing/having done   表被动完成→done；表正在被→being done 书面表达 & 语法填空高频失分点（北京高考） 1. 双谓语错误：两个谓语动词之间无连词，没有改成非谓语 2. 混淆 did（谓语）和 done（非谓语），把过去分词当谓语 3. 介词后误用 to do /done；look forward to 等 to 是介词，后面必须 doing 4. 逻辑主语不匹配（悬垂分词）：Seeing from the hill,the city is beautiful❌ → Seen from the hill✅ 5. 目的状语误用 doing；句首表目的优先 to do 6. being done 与 done 混淆：done 表已经被动完成；being done 表正在被 7. having done/having been done 作状语，时间先后分不清 8. make/see 等被动没有还原 to 9. 独立主格误加连词（and/so） 一谓一连记心间，无连就用非谓语； 目的将来用 to do，主动进行 doing 随； 被动完成选 done，介词后面必 doing； 逻辑主语找准确，did done 要分清； 感官使役被动 to，独立主格不带连词。 非谓语动词三阶演练 基础篇 1. ________(improve) our awareness of cultural heritage, we held several activities. 2. The girl ________(sit) by the window is our monitor. 3. The novel ________(write) by Mo Yan sells well. 4. He stayed up late, ________(prepare) for the coming exam. 5. I hope ________(visit) the ancient city some day. 6. He was seen ________(enter) the building last night. 7. ________(see) from the mountain, the whole town looks wonderful. 8. It is no good ________(complain) without taking action. 9. Many citizens look forward to ________(see) the new museum open. 10. I had my old watch ________(repair) yesterday. 提高篇 1. The project ________(carry) out next year will benefit local residents. 2. ________(finish) all his homework, he went out for sports. 3. ________(expose) to sunlight for too long will do harm to your skin. 4. When ________(ask) about his opinion, he offered some practical advice. 5. The problem ________(discuss) at present is about environmental protection. 6. Weather ________(permit), we will go for an outing this weekend.（独立主格） 7. He regretted ________(miss) the lecture given by the expert. 8. She pretended ________(read) when her mother came in. 9. Before ________(leave), remember to turn off all the lights. 10. I remember ________(lock) the door, but why is it open now? 真题改编篇 1. ________(realize) the value of traditional skills, more young people begin to learn them. 2. The data ________(collect) over the past years shows serious pollution problems. 3. He rushed out of the room, ________(leave) his book lying on the desk. 4. The ancient palace ________(destroy) in the war has been rebuilt recently. 5. It is important for teenagers ________(develop) good reading habits. 6. ________(inspire) by local folk art, the painter created a series of works. 7. The report ________(publish) next month will focus on wildlife protection. 8. Many citizens are devoted to ________(protect) the wetland around the city. 9. While ________(explore) the old street, we met some skilled craftsmen. 10. All the tasks ________(complete), we celebrated our success.（独立主格） 优题精练·专题实战通关 考点01 现在分词/动名词 1.(2025·北京·高考) When 17 (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists 18 (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 19 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 2.(2024·北京·高考) Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. 3.(2021·北京·高考)From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 19 (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss．Much of this increase can be due to climate change. 考点02 过去分词 1.(2025·北京·高考) I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone 12 (scare). 2.(2024·北京·高考) And when 16 (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). 3.(2023·北京·高考)When 14 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. 4.(2022·北京·高考)Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 14 (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. 5.(2021·北京·高考)There 17 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 18 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations. 考点03 不定式 1. (2024·北京·高考) Taking the time 11 (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of 12 (self-aware). 2.(2023·北京·高考)She called for action 19 (address)the struggles of people around the world 20 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. 3. (2022·北京·高考)Fearful that he might have an intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 4.(2021·北京·高考)The findings show a critical need 20 (invest) in disaster prevention. 考向04 语法填空中的动词综合考查 1 （2026届北京市海淀区高三期末英语试题） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In the early winter of southern Hubei, more than a dozen Belt and Road media representatives from different countries arrived in Chibi — an ancient city ____14____ heritage includes both the battlefield memories of the Three Kingdoms and the enduring legacy of tea. Following the historic tracks of the Tea Road, they explored the thousand-year-old relics ____15____ (preserve) from the Three Kingdoms battlefield. Through immersive experiences, they uncovered the timeless stories of Qingzhuan Tea, ____16____ (learn) how Chinese-style modernization encourages cultural exchange and mutual understanding among people. 2 （2026届北京市朝阳区高三期末一模试题） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 To Benjamin and Loic, two Frenchmen, China was a distant yet fascinating place, a name more often ____17____ (find) in headlines. In September 2023, the two friends decided to walk all the way to China, ____18____ (choose) to keep their journey low-carbon. They quit their jobs, packed only essentials and accepted that the road ahead ____19____ (last) over a year. China, which they entered after a yearlong journey, marked a milestone, not just in geographical terms, but emotionally. By the time they arrived in Lanzhou, they ____20____ (be) on the road for about 450 days. 3. （2026届北京市东城区高三期末二模试题） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Evan Budz, a 15-year-old from Canada, won first place at the 36th EU Contest for Young Scientists with his autonomous bionic sea turtle robot. He ____14____ (inspire) when he observed the movement of real turtles during a camping trip. His design enables smoother movement through water, ____15____ (reduce) impact on the delicate underwater ecosystems. ____16____ an AI-powered computer vision system, the robot monitors coral health and aids underwater surveys and coral reef protection. Budz’s innovation shows young people’s remarkable capability ____17____ (tackle) complex technical and environmental challenges. 4． （2025届北京市丰台区高三下学期一模考试英语试题） Last December, I ordered a warm hamburger at a food store. As I left the store, I noticed there was an older poor gentleman 1 (sit) at the bus stop. Knowing it would probably be his only warm meal of the day, I 2 (give) him the hamburger. But all was not lost for me. Another customer offered me half of her hamburger. I was so delighted because I realised that 3 one way or another, we are all looked after. 5 （北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练5）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Information in your brain 1 (collect), stored and recalled by neural pathways. These pathways are responsible for your abilities to solve problems, remember familiar faces and tasks, without paying a ton of efforts. Millions of these neural pathways begin developing from the time 2 you are growing into a baby. 3 (keep) our memory healthy, we need to create new pathways continually. 6 （2025届北京市平谷区高三下学期质量监控（一模）英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Humor is a balancing act and BrainPOP, an educational platform, can help teachers create an appropriate balance because the 1 (learn) activities support any course in a dynamic and kid-friendly way. Julie Kuzma from a public school agrees. She   2 (appreciate) that humor is a significant content principle BrainPOP employs. She also emphasizes that humor in the classroom is not about making jokes but about 3 you make students feel a certain way. In her experience, humor builds trust and makes students feel connected and 4 (see). “If you can make them smile, you know that you're on the right track and you've lightened their day a little bit. ” 7 （北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A recent study published in BMC Psychology suggests that editing photos can 14 (negative) impact how individuals perceive their attractiveness and overall self-esteem. This connection seems to be influenced by comparing physical appearance and 15 (treat) oneself as an object. These results serve as a warning to social media users to be aware of the potential negative effects of using photo-editing tools or filters. Nowadays, social media 16 (use) by millions of people to connect and share their lives. However, research suggests that excessive use of social media may lead to mental health issues like depression and 17 (anxious). 8 （北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 By sending seeds on short trips into space, China is developing new crop varieties. This process, 18 (know) as space breeding, exposes seeds to cosmic radiation, which changes their genes and leads to the creation of new varieties with greater diversity. Since China’s first space breeding experiment in August 1987, the country 19 (send) seeds from thousands of plant species into space. This has resulted in the development of nearly 1,000 new plant varieties. The technology reportedly helps increase China’s annual grain production 20 2 million tons and produces direct economic benefits exceeding 100 billion yuan. 9 （北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练4）阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Erinna 1 (move) by her son’s haircut. She shared a video online, which has gotten millions of views. 2 (give) the huge response, Erinna also set up a special GoFundMe to support her son’s hairdresser 3 (make) sure she’s able to continue to work and replace any lost income from the impact of the pandemic (流行病). 10 （北京大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Over the years, the volume of information students need to learn and remember 1 (grow), as claimed by various studies. The post-pandemic educational systems, in particular, have experienced a shift toward including streaming of everyday lectures 2 our daily lives, allowing various playback speed options. Research has explored how adjusting playback speed affects 3 (concentrate). It often finds it beneficial to increase playback speed (1.5x to 2x) when 4 (deal) with extensive lecture recordings. However, a notable drop in performance is observed when the speed exceeds 2x. 11 （北京大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 The concept of the law of reversed effort was defined by writer and philosopher Aldous Huxley. He explained the 1 (hard) we try with the conscious will to do something, the less we shall succeed. Effort 2   (become)a paradox (悖论). It is like swimming against the current in a river. We can swim upstream, using all our might 3 (fight) the rushing water and still not get close to where we need to be. Or we can let the current take us downstream and find a different spot to get out of the water. 12 （北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期统练3英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Skye has realized that she is one of the lucky kids who 1 (identify) as a sufferer of dyslexia (阅读障碍) so far. She knows that educating teachers about dyslexia and giving students with the learning challenge the tools they need is a great first step in meeting dyslexia head on, and 2 (help) them be confident, capable students. “Right now they feel 3 (stick) — ashamed, unsure and insecure about their school work. If I could help stop these students feeling this way, that would mean the world to me.” 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 清单23 动词的非谓语形式 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 非谓语动词三大形式 知识点1不定式to do 知识点2 动名词 +现在分词doing 知识点 3 分词doing/done 知识点 4 特殊高频结构 考点二 谓语与非谓语区分判断规则 考点三 非谓语语法填空通用解题流程 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点一 非谓语动词三大形式（北京高考语法填空高频） 核心前提：非谓语不作句子谓语；一句话一套主谓，已有谓语、无并列连词，则动词用非谓语 三类基础形式：to do（不定式） /doing（现在分词 & 动名词） /done（过去分词） 时态语态变体：to be done；to have done；doing /having done；being done；having been done 知识点 1 不定式 to do 核心含义：目的、将来、要去做、具体某次动作 1. 作状语：表目的（句首 / 句末） 例句：To protect traditional culture, many local projects have been carried out. 为保护传统文化，很多地方项目已经开展。 2. 作定语：表将来、有待完成 例句：We have a lot of tasks to finish. 我们有很多任务要完成。 3. 作宾语：固定动词后接 to do（want, hope, decide, plan, refuse, promise） 4. 作宾补：ask/encourage/allow sb to do；  ⚠️感官、使役动词 see/hear/make/let/have 后宾补省 to；被动语态 to 必须还原  例：He was made to apologize. 5. 固定句型：It is +adj.+to do（it 形式主语） 6. 变体 · to be done：不定式被动，表将来被做 例句：The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important. 明天将要举办的会议十分重要。 · to have done：不定式完成式，动作发生在主句动作之前 知识点 2 doing（动名词 + 现在分词） 含义：主动、进行；动名词相当于名词，充当主语宾语 1. 动名词（名词属性） ①作主语：Reading broadens our horizons. 阅读拓宽眼界。 ②作宾语：介词后面一律用 doing（without, before, after, for, look forward to, devote to, pay attention to） ⚠️陷阱：to 为介词，后面用 doing，不是 to do 2. 现在分词（形容词 / 副词属性，作定语、状语、宾补） ①作定语：主动、正在进行 例句：The boy standing there is my classmate. 站在那里的男孩是我的同学。 ②作状语：伴随、原因、结果，逻辑主语 = 主句主语，主动关系 例句：He sat there, reading a report. 他坐在那里，读一份报告。 ③变体 having done：主动完成，动作先于主句谓语 being done：现在分词被动，正在被……（定语、状语） 知识点 3 done 过去分词 含义：被动、已经完成；无时态变化，不充当谓语 1. 作定语：被动、完成 例句：The book written by the famous writer is popular. 这位知名作家写的书广受欢迎。 2. 作状语：条件、原因、让步，逻辑主语与动词被动 例句：Seen from the top, the park looks amazing. 从山顶看，公园很美。 3. 作宾补：find/have/get sth done 使某物被…… 例句：I had my bike repaired. 我找人修了自行车。 知识点 4 特殊高频结构（北京卷 & 海淀模考常考） 1. 状语从句省略：从句主语 = 主句主语，从句含 be，可省略主语 + be，保留 doing/done  When (he was) asked, he kept silent. → When asked, he kept silent. 2. 独立主格：非谓语自带逻辑主语，和主句主语不一致；名词 / 代词 + doing/done，不作从句，不用连词  The work finished, we went home. 工作完成，我们回家。 3. 易混动词搭配（to do /doing 含义不同） · remember to do 记得要做；remember doing 记得做过 · forget to do 忘记要做；forget doing 忘记做过 · regret to do 遗憾要做；regret doing 后悔做过 · stop to do 停下来去做另一件；stop doing 停下正在做的事 · try to do 尽力做；try doing 尝试做 考点二 谓语与非谓语区分判断规则（北京卷核心分水岭） 1. 句子找已有谓语动词；谓语数量 = 连词数量 + 1 2. 已有谓语，无 and/or/but 并列连词 → 动词填非谓语 to do /doing/done 3. 无谓语动词 → 填谓语，考虑时态语态主谓一致 得 分 助 手 4. 致命区分：  did：谓语过去式，做谓语  done：非谓语过去分词，绝对不能单独做谓语，不能加 be 就变成谓语被动（be done） ❌错：The report wrote by him impressed me. ✅对：The report written by him impressed me. 考点三 非谓语语法填空通用解题流程（考场四步） ①判谓语 / 非谓语：句中已有谓语，无并列连词→确定非谓语 ②找逻辑主语：通常为主句主语，或被修饰的紧邻名词 ③判主被动：逻辑主语发出动作→to do /doing；承受动作→done /being done ④判时间功能：   表目的、将来→to do/to be done   表主动、进行、伴随结果→doing/having done   表被动完成→done；表正在被→being done 书面表达 & 语法填空高频失分点（北京高考） 1. 双谓语错误：两个谓语动词之间无连词，没有改成非谓语 2. 混淆 did（谓语）和 done（非谓语），把过去分词当谓语 3. 介词后误用 to do /done；look forward to 等 to 是介词，后面必须 doing 4. 逻辑主语不匹配（悬垂分词）：Seeing from the hill,the city is beautiful❌ → Seen from the hill✅ 5. 目的状语误用 doing；句首表目的优先 to do 6. being done 与 done 混淆：done 表已经被动完成；being done 表正在被 7. having done/having been done 作状语，时间先后分不清 8. make/see 等被动没有还原 to 9. 独立主格误加连词（and/so） 一谓一连记心间，无连就用非谓语； 目的将来用 to do，主动进行 doing 随； 被动完成选 done，介词后面必 doing； 逻辑主语找准确，did done 要分清； 感官使役被动 to，独立主格不带连词。 非谓语动词三阶演练 基础篇 1. ________(improve) our awareness of cultural heritage, we held several activities. 2. The girl ________(sit) by the window is our monitor. 3. The novel ________(write) by Mo Yan sells well. 4. He stayed up late, ________(prepare) for the coming exam. 5. I hope ________(visit) the ancient city some day. 6. He was seen ________(enter) the building last night. 7. ________(see) from the mountain, the whole town looks wonderful. 8. It is no good ________(complain) without taking action. 9. Many citizens look forward to ________(see) the new museum open. 10. I had my old watch ________(repair) yesterday. 提高篇 1. The project ________(carry) out next year will benefit local residents. 2. ________(finish) all his homework, he went out for sports. 3. ________(expose) to sunlight for too long will do harm to your skin. 4. When ________(ask) about his opinion, he offered some practical advice. 5. The problem ________(discuss) at present is about environmental protection. 6. Weather ________(permit), we will go for an outing this weekend.（独立主格） 7. He regretted ________(miss) the lecture given by the expert. 8. She pretended ________(read) when her mother came in. 9. Before ________(leave), remember to turn off all the lights. 10. I remember ________(lock) the door, but why is it open now? 真题改编篇 1. ________(realize) the value of traditional skills, more young people begin to learn them. 2. The data ________(collect) over the past years shows serious pollution problems. 3. He rushed out of the room, ________(leave) his book lying on the desk. 4. The ancient palace ________(destroy) in the war has been rebuilt recently. 5. It is important for teenagers ________(develop) good reading habits. 6. ________(inspire) by local folk art, the painter created a series of works. 7. The report ________(publish) next month will focus on wildlife protection. 8. Many citizens are devoted to ________(protect) the wetland around the city. 9. While ________(explore) the old street, we met some skilled craftsmen. 10. All the tasks ________(complete), we celebrated our success.（独立主格） 参考答案 + 简要解析 基础篇 1. To improve 不定式作目的状语 2. sitting 现在分词作定语，girl 主动发出 sit 3. written 过去分词作定语，novel 被写 4. preparing doing 作伴随状语 5. to visit hope 后接 to do 作宾语 6. to enter 感官动词被动还原 to 7. Seen 过去分词作状语，town 被看 8. complaining It is no good doing 固定句型 9. seeing look forward to 中 to 是介词 + doing 10. repaired have sth done 使某物被…… 提高篇 1. to be carried 不定式被动，表明年将要被实施 2. Having finished having done 主动完成，动作先于 went out 3. Being exposed 动名词被动作主语；be exposed to 固定搭配 4. asked 状语从句省略，he was asked，省略主语 be 5. being discussed being done 作定语，at present 正在被讨论 6. permitting 独立主格；weather 逻辑主语，主动 permit 7. missing regret doing 后悔做过某事 8. to be reading pretend to be doing 假装正在做 9. leaving 介词 before 后接 doing 10. locking remember doing 记得做过 真题改编篇 1. To realize 句首不定式表目的 2. collected 过去分词作定语，data 被收集 3. leaving doing 作结果状语 4. destroyed 过去分词作定语，palace 被毁坏 5. to develop It is +adj.+for sb to do 6. Inspired 过去分词作状语，painter 被启发 7. to be published 不定式被动，下月将要被出版 8. protecting be devoted to 中 to 为介词，接 doing 9. exploring 状语从句省略，while (we were) exploring 10. completed 独立主格；tasks 与 complete 被动 优题精练·专题实战通关 考点01 现在分词/动名词 1.(2025·北京·高考) When 17 (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists 18left (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, which19 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 【答案】traveling 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：旅行时，我们接触不同文化和体验不同经历。句子主语“we”与“travel”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，构成“when+现在分词”的状语从句省略结构。故填traveling。 2.(2024·北京·高考) Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. 【答案】knocking 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑来，把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语ran，空处作非谓语动词，knock与逻辑主语some kids之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式knocking作状语。故填knocking。 3.(2021·北京·高考)From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 19 (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss．Much of this increase can be due to climate change. 【答案】resulting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：2000年至2019年，全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起，造成经济损失2.97万亿美元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world与result是逻辑主谓关系，且表示一种自然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填resulting。 考点02 过去分词 1.(2025·北京·高考) I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone 12 (scare). 【答案】scared 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我有时会把他叫回来，担心他可能会吓到别人。“have sb. done”表示 “使某人被……”，“someone”与“scare”之间是被动关系，即某人被吓到，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填scared。 2.(2024·北京·高考) And when 16 (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). 【答案】asked 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问及他的新头衔时，他分享了秘诀：适度。结合语意，when引导的时间状语从句中，主语为he，且ask与he之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be asked，状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词形式，则从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填过去分词asked。 3.(2023·北京·高考)When 14 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. 【答案】seen 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语为the mangrove forests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen from afar，省略主语和be动词，故填过去分词seen。 4.(2022·北京·高考)Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 14 (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. 【答案】supported 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可知，空格处的动词做非谓语，结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。故填supported。 5.(2021·北京·高考)There 17has been (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 18 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations. 【答案】caused 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填caused。 考点03 不定式 1. (2024·北京·高考) Taking the time 11 (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of 12self-awareness (self-aware). 【答案】to rest 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。 2.(2023·北京·高考)She called for action 19 (address)the struggles of people around the world 20 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. 【答案】to address; facing 【解析】 19.考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填to address。 20.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填facing。 3. (2022·北京·高考)Fearful that he might have an intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 【答案】to harm 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 4.(2021·北京·高考)The findings show a critical need 20 (invest) in disaster prevention. 【答案】to invest 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究结果表明，急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知，此处表示未来的动作，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to invest。 考向04 语法填空中的动词综合考查 1 （2026届北京市海淀区高三期末英语试题） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In the early winter of southern Hubei, more than a dozen Belt and Road media representatives from different countries arrived in Chibi — an ancient city ____14____ heritage includes both the battlefield memories of the Three Kingdoms and the enduring legacy of tea. Following the historic tracks of the Tea Road, they explored the thousand-year-old relics ____15____ (preserve) from the Three Kingdoms battlefield. Through immersive experiences, they uncovered the timeless stories of Qingzhuan Tea, ____16____ (learn) how Chinese-style modernization encourages cultural exchange and mutual understanding among people. 【答案】14. whose 15. preserved 16. learning 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自不同国家的十多位“一带一路”媒体代表来到赤壁，探寻三国战场记忆和茶文化遗迹，通过沉浸式体验了解青砖茶故事及中式现代化对文化交流的促进作用。 【14题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在鄂南初冬时节，来自不同国家的十多位“一带一路”媒体代表抵达赤壁——这座古城的文化遗产既包括三国的战场记忆，也包括悠久的茶文化。“　　 heritage includes both the battlefield memories of...”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an ancient city，关系词将其代入从句中定语，修饰名词heritage，表示“这座古城的文化遗产”，应用表示所属关系的关系代词whose来引导该定语从句。故填whose。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：沿着万里茶道的历史轨迹，他们探寻了三国战场上保存下来的千年遗迹。“(preserve) from the Three Kingdoms battlefield”作后置定语修饰名词relics，preserve(保存)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语relics之间是被动关系，表示“被保存下来的遗迹”，用过去分词表被动。故填preserved。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：通过沉浸式体验，他们发掘了青砖茶的永恒故事，了解到中式现代化如何促进人们之间的文化交流和相互理解。“(learn) how Chinese-style modernization encourages cultural exchange and mutual understanding among people”在句中作状语，learn(了解)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语they之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填learning。 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 2 （2026届北京市朝阳区高三期末一模试题） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 To Benjamin and Loic, two Frenchmen, China was a distant yet fascinating place, a name more often ____17____ (find) in headlines. In September 2023, the two friends decided to walk all the way to China, ____18____ (choose) to keep their journey low-carbon. They quit their jobs, packed only essentials and accepted that the road ahead ____19____ (last) over a year. China, which they entered after a yearlong journey, marked a milestone, not just in geographical terms, but emotionally. By the time they arrived in Lanzhou, they ____20____ (be) on the road for about 450 days. 【答案】17. found 18. choosing 19. would last 20. had been 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了两位法国人本杰明和洛伊克辞去了工作，踏上了低碳之旅前往中国。经过约 450 天的行程，他们抵达了兰州，中国成为了他们此次旅程的一个重要里程碑。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：对于本杰明和洛伊克这两位法国人来说，中国是一个遥远而又充满魅力的地方，这个名字常常出现在新闻头条上。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰name，name与find是被动关系（名字“被出现在”头条中），用过去分词作后置定语。故填found。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2023 年 9 月，这两位朋友决定一路步行前往中国，他们选择让自己的旅程尽可能低碳。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，主语the two friends与 choose为主动关系，所以为现在分词作伴随状语。故填choosing。 【19题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他们辞去了工作，只携带了必需品，并接受了前方道路将持续超过一年的现实。分析句子可知，主句谓语accepted 为一般过去时，宾语从句表达“当时看来前路将会持续一年多”，用过去将来时。故填would last。 【20题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：当他们抵达兰州时，他们已经在路上走了大约 450 天。分析句子可知，by the time + 一般过去时，主句常用过去完成时，表示“截止到过去某个时间已经……”。故填had been。 3. （2026届北京市东城区高三期末二模试题） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Evan Budz, a 15-year-old from Canada, won first place at the 36th EU Contest for Young Scientists with his autonomous bionic sea turtle robot. He ____14____ (inspire) when he observed the movement of real turtles during a camping trip. His design enables smoother movement through water, ____15____ (reduce) impact on the delicate underwater ecosystems. ____16____ an AI-powered computer vision system, the robot monitors coral health and aids underwater surveys and coral reef protection. Budz’s innovation shows young people’s remarkable capability ____17____ (tackle) complex technical and environmental challenges. 【答案】14. was inspired 15. reducing 16. With 17. to tackle 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了加拿大15岁少年 Evan Budz 凭借自主仿生海龟机器人斩获欧盟青年科学家大赛一等奖，介绍了该机器人的设计灵感、优势、人工智能功能以及这项创新体现出年轻人应对科技与环境难题的能力。 【14题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：他在一次露营旅行中观察真实海龟的游动时，受到了启发。事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，主语He和inspire为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态was inspired。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他的设计能让水下游动更加平稳，减少对脆弱水下生态系统的影响。句中已有谓语动词enables，故空处需填非谓语动词，此处表示自然而然带来的结果，用现在分词reducing作结果状语。 【16题详解】 考查介词。句意：借助一套人工智能计算机视觉系统，这款机器人能够监测珊瑚健康状况，助力水下勘测与珊瑚礁保护工作。空格后为名词短语，需用介词With表示“凭借、借助”。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：Budz的创新成果展现了年轻人应对复杂技术与环境挑战的非凡能力。固定搭配capability to do sth.表示“做某事的能力”，用不定式to tackle作后置定语。 4． （2025届北京市丰台区高三下学期一模考试英语试题） Last December, I ordered a warm hamburger at a food store. As I left the store, I noticed there was an older poor gentleman 1 (sit) at the bus stop. Knowing it would probably be his only warm meal of the day, I 2 (give) him the hamburger. But all was not lost for me. Another customer offered me half of her hamburger. I was so delighted because I realised that 3 one way or another, we are all looked after. 【答案】1．sitting 2．gave 3．in 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者把一个汉堡给了一位贫穷的老人，然后得到另外一位顾客的半个汉堡作为回报。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：当我离开商店时，我注意到公共汽车站坐着一位贫穷的老先生。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词an older poor gentleman与sit之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。 故填sitting。 2．考查时态。句意：我知道这可能是他一天中唯一一顿热乎乎的饭，于是我把汉堡给了他。空处为句子谓语动词，根据文章可知，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填gave。 3．考查介词。句意：我非常高兴，因为我意识到，无论如何，我们都被照顾着。in one way or another” 是固定短语，意为“以某种方式；不管怎样”。故填in。 5 （北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练5）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Information in your brain 1 (collect), stored and recalled by neural pathways. These pathways are responsible for your abilities to solve problems, remember familiar faces and tasks, without paying a ton of efforts. Millions of these neural pathways begin developing from the time 2 you are growing into a baby. 3 (keep) our memory healthy, we need to create new pathways continually. 【答案】1．is collected 2．when 3．To keep 【解析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了大脑如何保持健康记忆力。 1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：大脑中的信息是通过神经通路收集、储存和回忆的。空处作谓语，information与动词collect构成逻辑上的被动关系，句子描述科学事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is collected。 2．考查定语从句。句意：数以百万计的神经通路从你成长为婴儿的时候就开始发育。空处引导限制性定语从句，代替先行词time在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故填when。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保持我们的记忆健康，我们需要不断地创造新的路径。空处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语，放在句首，首字母大写。故填To keep。 6 （2025届北京市平谷区高三下学期质量监控（一模）英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Humor is a balancing act and BrainPOP, an educational platform, can help teachers create an appropriate balance because the 1 (learn) activities support any course in a dynamic and kid-friendly way. Julie Kuzma from a public school agrees. She   2 (appreciate) that humor is a significant content principle BrainPOP employs. She also emphasizes that humor in the classroom is not about making jokes but about 3 you make students feel a certain way. In her experience, humor builds trust and makes students feel connected and 4 (see). “If you can make them smile, you know that you're on the right track and you've lightened their day a little bit. ” 【答案】1．learning 2．appreciates 3．how 4．seen 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了幽默在教育中的重要性，以及BrainPOP平台如何通过幽默帮助教师创造适当的学习氛围。 1．考查动名词。句意：BrainPOP平台可以帮助教师创造适当的学习氛围，因为其学习活动以一种动态且适合孩子的方式支持任何课程。名词learning作定语修饰名词。故填learning。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她认为幽默是BrainPOP采用的一个重要内容原则。主语“She”是第三人称单数，且句子在陈述现在的情况，为一般现在时，故动词。故填appreciates。 3．考查连接副词。句意：她还强调，课堂上的幽默不是为了讲笑话，而是关于你如何让学生感受到某种情绪。设空处需要引导宾语从句，表示方式，故用“how”。故填how。 4．考查过去分词。句意：在她的经验中，幽默可以建立信任，让学生感到彼此联系和被关注。空处为非谓语动词，students与see为被动关系，用过去分词作feel的表语。故填seen。 7 （北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A recent study published in BMC Psychology suggests that editing photos can 14 (negative) impact how individuals perceive their attractiveness and overall self-esteem. This connection seems to be influenced by comparing physical appearance and 15 (treat) oneself as an object. These results serve as a warning to social media users to be aware of the potential negative effects of using photo-editing tools or filters. Nowadays, social media 16 (use) by millions of people to connect and share their lives. However, research suggests that excessive use of social media may lead to mental health issues like depression and 17 (anxious). 【答案】1．negatively 2．treating 3．is used 4．anxiety 【解析】本文是说明文。主要介绍了编辑照片对个人自我认知和心理健康的影响，并警示社交媒体用户注意其潜在负面影响。 1．考查副词。句意：最近发表在《BMC心理学》上的一项研究表明，编辑照片会对个人对自己的吸引力和整体自尊的看法产生负面影响。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词negatively修饰。故填negatively。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种联系似乎受到比较外表和把自己当作物体的影响。根据空前的and可知，空处应和前文的comparing并列，应填动名词形式。故填treating。 3．考查动词时态和语态。句意：如今，数以百万计的人使用社交媒体来联系和分享他们的生活。use作本句谓语，根据空后的by可知，用被动语态，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，故填is used。 4．考查名词。句意：然而，研究表明，过度使用社交媒体可能会导致抑郁和焦虑等心理健康问题。根据空前的and可知，空处和前文的depression并列，应填名词作宾语，anxious的名词形式是anxiety。故填anxiety。 8 （北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 By sending seeds on short trips into space, China is developing new crop varieties. This process, 18 (know) as space breeding, exposes seeds to cosmic radiation, which changes their genes and leads to the creation of new varieties with greater diversity. Since China’s first space breeding experiment in August 1987, the country 19 (send) seeds from thousands of plant species into space. This has resulted in the development of nearly 1,000 new plant varieties. The technology reportedly helps increase China’s annual grain production 20 2 million tons and produces direct economic benefits exceeding 100 billion yuan. 【答案】1．known 2．has sent 3．by 【解析】本文是说明文。主要介绍了中国通过太空育种技术培育新作物品种的过程和成果。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个过程被称为太空育种，将种子暴露在宇宙辐射中，这改变了它们的基因，并导致创造出更多样化的新品种。本句已有谓语动词exposes，所以konw用非谓语形式作后置定语，此处是固定搭配：be known as意为“被称为”，去掉be动词。故填known。 2．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自287年8月中国首次进行太空育种实验以来，中国已将数千种植物的种子送入太空。send作本句谓语，根据since可知，用现在完成时，主语为第三人称单数。故填has sent。 3．考查介词。句意：据报道，这项技术帮助中国每年增加30万吨粮食产量，产生的直接经济效益超过1000亿元。表示数量变化的幅度时，用介词“by”。此处指“每年粮食产量增加30万吨”。故填by。 9 （北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练4）阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Erinna 1 (move) by her son’s haircut. She shared a video online, which has gotten millions of views. 2 (give) the huge response, Erinna also set up a special GoFundMe to support her son’s hairdresser 3 (make) sure she’s able to continue to work and replace any lost income from the impact of the pandemic (流行病). 【答案】1．was moved 2．Given 3．to make 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Erinna在网络上分享儿子的发型视频走红，还设立了GoFundMe来支持她儿子的理发师。 1．考查时态语态。句意：Erinna被儿子的发型感动了。主语Erinna与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was moved。 2．考查介词。句意：鉴于巨大的反响，Erinna还设立了一个特别的GoFundMe来支持她儿子的理发师，以确保她能够继续工作，并弥补因疫情影响而损失的收入。后跟名词作宾语，表示“鉴于”应用介词given，首字母大写。故填Given。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：鉴于巨大的反响，Erinna还设立了一个特别的GoFundMe来支持她儿子的理发师，以确保她能够继续工作，并弥补因疫情影响而损失的收入。此处make作目的状语，用不定式。故填to make。 10 （北京大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Over the years, the volume of information students need to learn and remember 1 (grow), as claimed by various studies. The post-pandemic educational systems, in particular, have experienced a shift toward including streaming of everyday lectures 2 our daily lives, allowing various playback speed options. Research has explored how adjusting playback speed affects 3 (concentrate). It often finds it beneficial to increase playback speed (1.5x to 2x) when 4 (deal) with extensive lecture recordings. However, a notable drop in performance is observed when the speed exceeds 2x. 【答案】1．has grown 2．into 3．concentration 4．dealing 【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了多年来学生需要学习和记忆的信息量在增加，尤其是疫情后的教育系统向将日常课程流媒体融入日常生活转变，还探讨了调整播放速度对注意力的影响。 1．考查动词时态。句意：多年来，正如各种研究声称的那样，学生需要学习和记忆的信息量在增加。根据时间状语“Over the years”可知，句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，谓语动词应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“the volume of information”是单数，助动词用has，grow的过去分词是grown，故填has grown。 2．考查介词。句意：尤其是疫情后的教育系统，已经经历了一种向将日常课程流媒体融入我们日常生活的转变，提供了各种播放速度选项。根据空白处下文“our daily lives(我们日常生活)”可知，此处表示 “融入，纳入”，使用固定短语“include...into...”，故填into。 3．考查名词。句意：研究已经探索了调整播放速度是如何影响注意力的。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，concentrate是动词，其名词形式是concentration，意为“注意力”，是不可数名词，故填concentration。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究经常发现，在处理大量的课程录音时，将播放速度提高到1.5倍到2倍是有益的。 deal with动词和其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。此处为when引导的时间状语从句中的省略，故填dealing。 11 （北京大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 The concept of the law of reversed effort was defined by writer and philosopher Aldous Huxley. He explained the 1 (hard) we try with the conscious will to do something, the less we shall succeed. Effort 2   (become)a paradox (悖论). It is like swimming against the current in a river. We can swim upstream, using all our might 3 (fight) the rushing water and still not get close to where we need to be. Or we can let the current take us downstream and find a different spot to get out of the water. 【答案】1．harder 2．becomes 3．to fight 【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了作家兼哲学家奥尔德斯・赫胥黎定义的“反向努力法则”的概念，并通过在河中游泳的例子进行说明。 1．考查副词的比较级。句意：他解释说，我们越是有意识地努力去做某件事，我们成功的可能性就越小。根据下文“the less we shall succeed(我们成功的可能性就越小)”可知此处使用了“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”的结构，意为“越……，越……”，此处应填hard的比较级harder，故填harder。 2．考查动词时态。句意：努力变成了一个悖论。此处描述的是一个客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Effort是单数，所以谓语动词become要用第三人称单数形式becomes，故填becomes。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们可以逆流而上，竭尽全力与湍急的水流作斗争，但仍然无法靠近我们需要到达的地方。空白处在句子中作状语表示目的，使用动词不定式，故填to fight。 12 （北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期统练3英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Skye has realized that she is one of the lucky kids who 1 (identify) as a sufferer of dyslexia (阅读障碍) so far. She knows that educating teachers about dyslexia and giving students with the learning challenge the tools they need is a great first step in meeting dyslexia head on, and 2 (help) them be confident, capable students. “Right now they feel 3 (stick) — ashamed, unsure and insecure about their school work. If I could help stop these students feeling this way, that would mean the world to me.” 【答案】1．have been identified 2．helping 3．stuck 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Skye意识到自己是阅读障碍患者，并希望通过教育教师和提供工具来帮助有类似情况的学生建立自信。 1．考查时态和语态。句意：Skye意识到自己是迄今为止被认定为阅读障碍患者之一的幸运孩子之一。空格处是who引导的定语从句的谓语动词，who指代先行词the lucky kids，与“identify”之间是被动关系，且根据“so far”可知，动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，故用现在完成时被动语态。故填have been identified。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：她知道教育教师了解阅读障碍，并为有学习挑战的学生提供他们所需的工具，是直面阅读障碍的重要第一步，并帮助他们成为自信、有能力的学生。作介词in的宾语，与meeting并列，用动名词helping作宾语。故填helping。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在他们感到困顿——对自己的学业感到羞愧、不确定和不安全。they与stick为被动关系，此处feel为系动词，后接过去分词stuck作表语。故填stuck。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $