专题22 被动语态（知识清单）（北京专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习知识清单聚焦被动语态专题，系统梳理四大核心时态（一般、进行、完成、特殊无被动）、时态语态综合判断规则及语法填空解题流程，通过知识脑图搭建完整知识体系。 清单采用考点分层突破设计，如将完成时态被动标注为北京高考高频考点，提炼“被动看be变时态，done永远不更改”等记忆口诀，标注“进行被动漏写being”等八大失分坑，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。配套高考真题解析及解题步骤指引，助力学生自主高效复习，为教师提供精准教学辅助。

清单22 被动语态 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 被动语态四大核心时态 知识点 1 一般时态被动 知识点2 进行时态被动 知识点3 完成时态被动 知识点 4 特殊无被动动词 考点二 时态语态综合判断规则 1.先判断空格是否作句子谓语 2.判断主语和动词逻辑： 3.被动两大失分坑 4.再叠加主谓一致 考点三 语法填空被动语态通用解题流程 ① 判断空格为句子谓语动词（有主语，缺少谓语动作） ② 抓取时间标志词 / 上下文语境，锁定对应时态 ③ 判断主语与动词逻辑：主语是动作承受者→用被动语态 ④ 写出对应时态被动公式，填入 be+done，核对主谓一致 ⑤ 核查：动词是否不及物？是否不能用被动；进行被动检查 being 是否漏写 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点一 被动语态四大核心时态 核心公式：be + 过去分词 (done)；时态变化全部体现在 be 动词上，done 形式固定不变 知识点 1 一般时态被动 1. 一般现在时被动 用法：客观真理、常态客观介绍、经常性动作，科普类文本高频 标志：every, always, usually，客观科普无明显时间词 结构：am /is/are + done（be 动词随主语主谓一致变化） 例句：Many ancient buildings are protected by local government. 许多古建筑受到当地政府保护。 2. 一般过去时被动 用法：过去某特定时间发生的被动动作，和现在无直接关联 标志：yesterday, last…, …ago, in + 过去年份 结构：was /were + done 例句：This old temple was rebuilt in 1980. 这座古寺庙于 1980 年重建。 3. 一般将来时被动 用法：将来要被做的事，计划、客观发展趋势 结构：will be done /be going to be done 补充：come/leave 等表位移瞬时动词无被动；用进行时表将来也无被动形式 例句：More wildlife parks will be set up in the near future. 不久之后更多野生动物保护区将会被建立。 知识点 2 进行时态被动 1. 现在进行时被动 用法：此时此刻 / 现阶段正在被……，正在发生的被动动作 标志：now, at present, look, listen 结构：am /is/are + being done ⚠️易错：being 绝对不能丢，漏掉 bebeing 就是高考高频错误 例句：A new community library is being built. 一座新的社区图书馆正在被修建。 2. 过去进行时被动 用法：过去某个时间点正在被做；长被动背景中发生另一短动作 标志：at 8 yesterday, when /while 结构：was /were + being done 例句：The case was being discussed when he came in. 他进来的时候这个案子正在被讨论。 知识点3 完成时态被动（北京语法填空最高频） 1. 现在完成时被动（过去动作对现在造成影响） 三大用法：已经被完成（对现在有结果）；持续至今的被动；人生经历类被动 标志：since, for, so far, up to now, already, yet 固定句型：It is the first time that… 从句用现在完成时被动 have/has been done 结构：have /has + been done 例句：Lots of traditional skills have been preserved up to now. 到目前为止大量传统技艺已经得到保护。 2. 过去完成时被动（过去的过去：先于一个过去动作发生的被动） 必备条件：句中有一个过去参照动作，被动动作发生在参照动作之前 标志：by + 过去时间，by the time + 一般过去时从句 结构：had + been done 例句：By the time we got there, all the tickets had been sold out. 我们到那儿的时候，票已经全部卖完。 3. 现在完成进行时：无被动语态 现在完成进行时 have/has been doing没有被动形式；含义表持续被动含义改用现在完成时被动 have/has been done 知识点 4 特殊无被动动词（北京高考必背） 得 分 助 手 1. 不及物动词无被动：happen, occur, appear, disappear, take place, break out, arise ✅事件发生： The accident happened.（✓） The accident was happened.( ) 2. 感官系动词无被动：look, sound, smell, taste, feel ✅衣服摸起来很柔软。 The cloth feels soft.(✓) The cloth is felt soft.( ) 3. 主动表被动特殊句型： · sth need /want/require doing = sth need to be done 某物需要被…… 例：The house needs repairing.=The house needs to be repaired. · 主语 sth + sell/wash/read + well，副词修饰，主动表被动 例：This kind of book sells well. 这本书很畅销。 考点二 时态语态综合判断规则（对接北京卷语法填空） 1. 先判断空格是否作句子谓语；非谓语 (to do /doing/done) 不涉及 be 动词时态变化 2. 判断主语和动词逻辑：   主动：按时态写动词原形 / 三单 / 进行 / 完成   被动：对应时态的 be done 结构 3. 被动两大失分坑：   ①进行、完成被动不能丢 be /being；   ②不及物动词永远不能写 be done 被动结构 4. 再叠加主谓一致：be 动词的单复数由句子主语决定，不要被 of 后面名词干扰 考点三 语法填空被动语态通用解题流程 ① 判断空格为句子谓语动词（有主语，缺少谓语动作） ② 抓取时间标志词 / 上下文语境，锁定对应时态 ③ 判断主语与动词逻辑：主语是动作承受者→用被动语态 ④ 写出对应时态被动公式，填入 be+done，核对主谓一致 ⑤ 核查：动词是否不及物？是否不能用被动；进行被动检查 being 是否漏写 1. 被动语态漏写 be 动词，只写过去分词 done 充当谓语 2. 进行时被动漏掉 being，写成 is done 代替 is being done 3. 现在完成被动漏掉 been，写成 has done 代替 has been done 4. happen/take place 等不及物动词误用 be done 被动 5. need doing 主动表被动结构混淆，错写 need being done 6. by the time + 过去时，主句过去完成被动忘记写 had been done 7. 主谓一致出错：被动里 is/are、was/were 不匹配主语单复数 8. 现在完成进行时强行构造被动形式 被动看 be 变时态，done 永远不更改； 进行被动加 being，完成被动带 been； happen 无被动，need doing 表被动； by 加过去 had been done，主谓一致记心怀； 谓语才用 be done，非谓不要把 be 带。 优题精练·专题实战通关 考点1 一般时态的被动语态 1.(2025·北京·高考) Usually, better outcomes 16 (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 2.(2024·北京·高考) On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood 15 (name) the world’s oldest living man. 3.（2026届北京市东城区高三期末二模试题） Evan Budz, a 15-year-old from Canada, won first place at the 36th EU Contest for Young Scientists with his autonomous bionic sea turtle robot. He ____14____ (inspire) when he observed the movement of real turtles during a camping trip. His design enables smoother movement through water, ____15____ (reduce) impact on the delicate underwater ecosystems. ____16____ an AI-powered computer vision system, the robot monitors coral health and aids underwater surveys and coral reef protection. Budz’s innovation shows young people’s remarkable capability ____17____ (tackle) complex technical and environmental challenges. 4.（北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练5） Information in your brain 1 (collect), stored and recalled by neural pathways. These pathways are responsible for your abilities to solve problems, remember familiar faces and tasks, without paying a ton of efforts. Millions of these neural pathways begin developing from the time 2 you are growing into a baby. 3 (keep) our memory healthy, we need to create new pathways continually. 5.（北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题) A recent study published in BMC Psychology suggests that editing photos can 14 (negative) impact how individuals perceive their attractiveness and overall self-esteem. This connection seems to be influenced by comparing physical appearance and 15 (treat) oneself as an object. These results serve as a warning to social media users to be aware of the potential negative effects of using photo-editing tools or filters. Nowadays, social media 16 (use) by millions of people to connect and share their lives. However, research suggests that excessive use of social media may lead to mental health issues like depression and 17 (anxious). 6.（北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练4） Erinna 1 (move) by her son’s haircut. She shared a video online, which has gotten millions of views. 2 (give) the huge response, Erinna also set up a special GoFundMe to support her son’s hairdresser 3 (make) sure she’s able to continue to work and replace any lost income from the impact of the pandemic (流行病). 7.（2026湖南常德高三一模) “Besiege Wei to Rescue Zhao” is one of the ancient Chinese military strategies known as the Thirty-Six Strategies. The name comes from a historical incident during the Warring States period of ancient China, ____36____ (involve) the states of Wei and Zhao. When Zhao ____37____ (face) an attack by Wei, the state of Qi employed this strategy by launching an attack on Wei, thus forcing them to withdraw from Zhao to defend their own territory. The core of this strategy means creating a situation ____38____ the opponent is forced to make a difficult decision, often abandoning their offensive position ____39____ (address) a more pressing threat. It draws on the element of surprise ____40____ the psychological impact of attacking an unexpected target. By shifting the battleground ____41____ a weaker area, the strategy not only interrupts the enemy’s plans but also gains a tactical (战略的) advantage without engaging in direct combat. In contemporary settings, the principles of “Besiege Wei to Rescue Zhao” ____42____ (adapt) for use in various non-military fields. In business, companies apply this strategy by launching attacks on a rival’s weaker markets or products to force a strategic ____43____ (withdraw). Similarly, in sports, teams make full use of an opponent’s defensive mistakes to gain a ____44____ (compete) advantage. This strategy provides _____45_____ valuable framework for addressing challenges in diverse contexts. 8.（2026浙江绍兴高三一模) The integration of robotics into daily life has transformed various aspects of individuals’ interaction with technology and their environments. Robots are not just futuristic concepts but present-day tools 56 boost efficiency and productivity through human collaboration 57 (handle) tasks from simple chores to complex operations. Humanoid robots, 58 (equip) with artificial intelligence, are increasingly employed in environments such as healthcare, education, and customer service. Their ability to engage with people on a social level allows them to provide companionship, support, and interactive learning experiences. Robotic assistants, in contrast, have made 59 (significance) progress into corporate world and personal spaces. From robotic vacuum cleaners to advanced programming bots, these robots 60 (design) to improve daily routines. They enable individuals to distribute their time and resources more 61 (efficient), allowing for a greater focus on strategic and creative efforts. 62 rise of robotics in daily life signifies a technological evolution and represents a fundamental shift in how authority and efficiency are perceived. Individuals and 63 (organize) can position themselves at the forefront of a swiftly advancing world 64 embracing these innovations. The future is here, 65 those who can employ these tools will certainly lead the charge into a new era of productivity and engagement. 考点2 完成时态的被动语态 1.（北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期统练3英语试题) Skye has realized that she is one of the lucky kids who 1 (identify) as a sufferer of dyslexia (阅读障碍) so far. She knows that educating teachers about dyslexia and giving students with the learning challenge the tools they need is a great first step in meeting dyslexia head on, and 2 (help) them be confident, capable students. “Right now they feel 3 (stick) — ashamed, unsure and insecure about their school work. If I could help stop these students feeling this way, that would mean the world to me.” 2.（2025重庆市西南大学附属中学一模) The Taklimakan Desert, infamous as the “Sea of Death”, has now been fully encircled by the longest sand-blocking green ecological barrier, ___36___ length reaches an impressive 3, 046 kilometers, ___37___ (mark) the completion of over 40 years of efforts to contain the desert expansion within a safety zone. Covering 337, 600 square kilometers, the Taklimakan is China’s largest drifting desert, which poses an ___38___ (increasing) alarming threat to surrounding oases (绿洲) and serves as a significant source of dust storms and an upwind area for the country. In an effort to battle desertification and relieve the unfavorable effects of shifting sands and dust storms ___39___ nearby residents, the “Green Great Wall” has gradually emerged. So far, alongside the green belt, efforts ___40___ (make) to promote the development of sand-related industries, such as ceramics and pottery. The green belt not only acts as ___41___ ecological barrier but also stabilizes agriculture, boosts Xinjiang’s economic development, and highlights China’s technological and organizational strength in ecological governance. It is a shining example of ___42___ can be achieved through technological innovation and organizational capabilities. With a target ___43___ (restore) 2. 34 million hectares of degraded land by 2030 this ongoing initiative will safeguard the environment and promote ___44___ (region) sustainable development. With the successful completion of the green barrier, this region, once troubled by serious sandstorms, is set to see renewed ___45___ (vital) and dynamic ecosystems. 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 清单22 被动语态 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 被动语态四大核心时态 知识点 1 一般时态被动 知识点2 进行时态被动 知识点3 完成时态被动 知识点 4 特殊无被动动词 考点二 时态语态综合判断规则 1.先判断空格是否作句子谓语 2.判断主语和动词逻辑： 3.被动两大失分坑 4.再叠加主谓一致 考点三 语法填空被动语态通用解题流程 ① 判断空格为句子谓语动词（有主语，缺少谓语动作） ② 抓取时间标志词 / 上下文语境，锁定对应时态 ③ 判断主语与动词逻辑：主语是动作承受者→用被动语态 ④ 写出对应时态被动公式，填入 be+done，核对主谓一致 ⑤ 核查：动词是否不及物？是否不能用被动；进行被动检查 being 是否漏写 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点一 被动语态四大核心时态 核心公式：be + 过去分词 (done)；时态变化全部体现在 be 动词上，done 形式固定不变 知识点 1 一般时态被动 1. 一般现在时被动 用法：客观真理、常态客观介绍、经常性动作，科普类文本高频 标志：every, always, usually，客观科普无明显时间词 结构：am /is/are + done（be 动词随主语主谓一致变化） 例句：Many ancient buildings are protected by local government. 许多古建筑受到当地政府保护。 2. 一般过去时被动 用法：过去某特定时间发生的被动动作，和现在无直接关联 标志：yesterday, last…, …ago, in + 过去年份 结构：was /were + done 例句：This old temple was rebuilt in 1980. 这座古寺庙于 1980 年重建。 3. 一般将来时被动 用法：将来要被做的事，计划、客观发展趋势 结构：will be done /be going to be done 补充：come/leave 等表位移瞬时动词无被动；用进行时表将来也无被动形式 例句：More wildlife parks will be set up in the near future. 不久之后更多野生动物保护区将会被建立。 知识点 2 进行时态被动 1. 现在进行时被动 用法：此时此刻 / 现阶段正在被……，正在发生的被动动作 标志：now, at present, look, listen 结构：am /is/are + being done ⚠️易错：being 绝对不能丢，漏掉 bebeing 就是高考高频错误 例句：A new community library is being built. 一座新的社区图书馆正在被修建。 2. 过去进行时被动 用法：过去某个时间点正在被做；长被动背景中发生另一短动作 标志：at 8 yesterday, when /while 结构：was /were + being done 例句：The case was being discussed when he came in. 他进来的时候这个案子正在被讨论。 知识点3 完成时态被动（北京语法填空最高频） 1. 现在完成时被动（过去动作对现在造成影响） 三大用法：已经被完成（对现在有结果）；持续至今的被动；人生经历类被动 标志：since, for, so far, up to now, already, yet 固定句型：It is the first time that… 从句用现在完成时被动 have/has been done 结构：have /has + been done 例句：Lots of traditional skills have been preserved up to now. 到目前为止大量传统技艺已经得到保护。 2. 过去完成时被动（过去的过去：先于一个过去动作发生的被动） 必备条件：句中有一个过去参照动作，被动动作发生在参照动作之前 标志：by + 过去时间，by the time + 一般过去时从句 结构：had + been done 例句：By the time we got there, all the tickets had been sold out. 我们到那儿的时候，票已经全部卖完。 3. 现在完成进行时：无被动语态 现在完成进行时 have/has been doing没有被动形式；含义表持续被动含义改用现在完成时被动 have/has been done 知识点 4 特殊无被动动词（北京高考必背） 得 分 助 手 1. 不及物动词无被动：happen, occur, appear, disappear, take place, break out, arise ✅事件发生： The accident happened.（✓） The accident was happened.(✗) 2. 感官系动词无被动：look, sound, smell, taste, feel ✅衣服摸起来很柔软。 The cloth feels soft.(✓) The cloth is felt soft.(✗) 3. 主动表被动特殊句型： · sth need /want/require doing = sth need to be done 某物需要被…… 例：The house needs repairing.=The house needs to be repaired. · 主语 sth + sell/wash/read + well，副词修饰，主动表被动 例：This kind of book sells well. 这本书很畅销。 考点二 时态语态综合判断规则（对接北京卷语法填空） 1. 先判断空格是否作句子谓语；非谓语 (to do /doing/done) 不涉及 be 动词时态变化 2. 判断主语和动词逻辑：   主动：按时态写动词原形 / 三单 / 进行 / 完成   被动：对应时态的 be done 结构 3. 被动两大失分坑：   ①进行、完成被动不能丢 be /being；   ②不及物动词永远不能写 be done 被动结构 4. 再叠加主谓一致：be 动词的单复数由句子主语决定，不要被 of 后面名词干扰 考点三 语法填空被动语态通用解题流程 ① 判断空格为句子谓语动词（有主语，缺少谓语动作） ② 抓取时间标志词 / 上下文语境，锁定对应时态 ③ 判断主语与动词逻辑：主语是动作承受者→用被动语态 ④ 写出对应时态被动公式，填入 be+done，核对主谓一致 ⑤ 核查：动词是否不及物？是否不能用被动；进行被动检查 being 是否漏写 1. 被动语态漏写 be 动词，只写过去分词 done 充当谓语 2. 进行时被动漏掉 being，写成 is done 代替 is being done 3. 现在完成被动漏掉 been，写成 has done 代替 has been done 4. happen/take place 等不及物动词误用 be done 被动 5. need doing 主动表被动结构混淆，错写 need being done 6. by the time + 过去时，主句过去完成被动忘记写 had been done 7. 主谓一致出错：被动里 is/are、was/were 不匹配主语单复数 8. 现在完成进行时强行构造被动形式 被动看 be 变时态，done 永远不更改； 进行被动加 being，完成被动带 been； happen 无被动，need doing 表被动； by 加过去 had been done，主谓一致记心怀； 谓语才用 be done，非谓不要把 be 带。 优题精练·专题实战通关 考点1 一般时态的被动语态 1.(2025·北京·高考) Usually, better outcomes 16 (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 【答案】16.are achieved 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通常，通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略，可以取得更好的结果。根据时间状语“Usually”可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，时态应用一般现在时；主语better outcomes和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语better outcomes是复数，be动词应用are。故填are achieved。 2.(2024·北京·高考) On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood 15 (name) the world’s oldest living man. 【答案】was named 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年4月5日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语John Tinniswood是单数，be动词使用was。故填was named。 3.（2026届北京市东城区高三期末二模试题） Evan Budz, a 15-year-old from Canada, won first place at the 36th EU Contest for Young Scientists with his autonomous bionic sea turtle robot. He ____14____ (inspire) when he observed the movement of real turtles during a camping trip. His design enables smoother movement through water, ____15____ (reduce) impact on the delicate underwater ecosystems. ____16____ an AI-powered computer vision system, the robot monitors coral health and aids underwater surveys and coral reef protection. Budz’s innovation shows young people’s remarkable capability ____17____ (tackle) complex technical and environmental challenges. 【答案】14. was inspired 15. reducing 16. With 17. to tackle 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了加拿大15岁少年 Evan Budz 凭借自主仿生海龟机器人斩获欧盟青年科学家大赛一等奖，介绍了该机器人的设计灵感、优势、人工智能功能以及这项创新体现出年轻人应对科技与环境难题的能力。 【14题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：他在一次露营旅行中观察真实海龟的游动时，受到了启发。事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，主语He和inspire为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态was inspired。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他的设计能让水下游动更加平稳，减少对脆弱水下生态系统的影响。句中已有谓语动词enables，故空处需填非谓语动词，此处表示自然而然带来的结果，用现在分词reducing作结果状语。 【16题详解】 考查介词。句意：借助一套人工智能计算机视觉系统，这款机器人能够监测珊瑚健康状况，助力水下勘测与珊瑚礁保护工作。空格后为名词短语，需用介词With表示“凭借、借助”。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：Budz的创新成果展现了年轻人应对复杂技术与环境挑战的非凡能力。固定搭配capability to do sth.表示“做某事的能力”，用不定式to tackle作后置定语。 4.（北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练5） Information in your brain 1 (collect), stored and recalled by neural pathways. These pathways are responsible for your abilities to solve problems, remember familiar faces and tasks, without paying a ton of efforts. Millions of these neural pathways begin developing from the time 2 you are growing into a baby. 3 (keep) our memory healthy, we need to create new pathways continually. 【答案】1．is collected 2．when 3．To keep 【解析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了大脑如何保持健康记忆力。 1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：大脑中的信息是通过神经通路收集、储存和回忆的。空处作谓语，information与动词collect构成逻辑上的被动关系，句子描述科学事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is collected。 2．考查定语从句。句意：数以百万计的神经通路从你成长为婴儿的时候就开始发育。空处引导限制性定语从句，代替先行词time在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故填when。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保持我们的记忆健康，我们需要不断地创造新的路径。空处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语，放在句首，首字母大写。故填To keep。 5.（北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题) A recent study published in BMC Psychology suggests that editing photos can 14 (negative) impact how individuals perceive their attractiveness and overall self-esteem. This connection seems to be influenced by comparing physical appearance and 15 (treat) oneself as an object. These results serve as a warning to social media users to be aware of the potential negative effects of using photo-editing tools or filters. Nowadays, social media 16 (use) by millions of people to connect and share their lives. However, research suggests that excessive use of social media may lead to mental health issues like depression and 17 (anxious). 【答案】1．negatively 2．treating 3．is used 4．anxiety 【解析】本文是说明文。主要介绍了编辑照片对个人自我认知和心理健康的影响，并警示社交媒体用户注意其潜在负面影响。 1．考查副词。句意：最近发表在《BMC心理学》上的一项研究表明，编辑照片会对个人对自己的吸引力和整体自尊的看法产生负面影响。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词negatively修饰。故填negatively。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种联系似乎受到比较外表和把自己当作物体的影响。根据空前的and可知，空处应和前文的comparing并列，应填动名词形式。故填treating。 3．考查动词时态和语态。句意：如今，数以百万计的人使用社交媒体来联系和分享他们的生活。use作本句谓语，根据空后的by可知，用被动语态，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，故填is used。 4．考查名词。句意：然而，研究表明，过度使用社交媒体可能会导致抑郁和焦虑等心理健康问题。根据空前的and可知，空处和前文的depression并列，应填名词作宾语，anxious的名词形式是anxiety。故填anxiety。 6.（北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练4） Erinna 1 (move) by her son’s haircut. She shared a video online, which has gotten millions of views. 2 (give) the huge response, Erinna also set up a special GoFundMe to support her son’s hairdresser 3 (make) sure she’s able to continue to work and replace any lost income from the impact of the pandemic (流行病). 【答案】1．was moved 2．Given 3．to make 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Erinna在网络上分享儿子的发型视频走红，还设立了GoFundMe来支持她儿子的理发师。 1．考查时态语态。句意：Erinna被儿子的发型感动了。主语Erinna与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was moved。 2．考查介词。句意：鉴于巨大的反响，Erinna还设立了一个特别的GoFundMe来支持她儿子的理发师，以确保她能够继续工作，并弥补因疫情影响而损失的收入。后跟名词作宾语，表示“鉴于”应用介词given，首字母大写。故填Given。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：鉴于巨大的反响，Erinna还设立了一个特别的GoFundMe来支持她儿子的理发师，以确保她能够继续工作，并弥补因疫情影响而损失的收入。此处make作目的状语，用不定式。故填to make。 7.（2026湖南常德高三一模) “Besiege Wei to Rescue Zhao” is one of the ancient Chinese military strategies known as the Thirty-Six Strategies. The name comes from a historical incident during the Warring States period of ancient China, ____36____ (involve) the states of Wei and Zhao. When Zhao ____37____ (face) an attack by Wei, the state of Qi employed this strategy by launching an attack on Wei, thus forcing them to withdraw from Zhao to defend their own territory. The core of this strategy means creating a situation ____38____ the opponent is forced to make a difficult decision, often abandoning their offensive position ____39____ (address) a more pressing threat. It draws on the element of surprise ____40____ the psychological impact of attacking an unexpected target. By shifting the battleground ____41____ a weaker area, the strategy not only interrupts the enemy’s plans but also gains a tactical (战略的) advantage without engaging in direct combat. In contemporary settings, the principles of “Besiege Wei to Rescue Zhao” ____42____ (adapt) for use in various non-military fields. In business, companies apply this strategy by launching attacks on a rival’s weaker markets or products to force a strategic ____43____ (withdraw). Similarly, in sports, teams make full use of an opponent’s defensive mistakes to gain a ____44____ (compete) advantage. This strategy provides _____45_____ valuable framework for addressing challenges in diverse contexts. 【答案】36. involving 37. faced 38. where 39. to address 40. and 41. to 42. are adapted 43. withdrawal 44. competitive 45. a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代兵法策略“围魏救赵”的起源、核心含义以及在现代非军事领域的应用。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个名字来源于中国古代战国时期涉及魏国和赵国的一个历史事件。“(involve) the states of Wei and Zhao”作后置定语修饰名词incident，involve (涉及)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语incident之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填involving。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：当赵国面临魏国的攻击时，齐国采用这一策略，对魏国发动攻击，迫使他们从赵国撤军，以保卫自己的领土。face(面临)是从句谓语动词，根据句意和上下文可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填faced。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这一策略的核心是创造一种局面，使对手被迫做出艰难的决定，常常是放弃进攻位置以应对更紧迫的威胁。“_____ the opponent is forced to make a difficult decision”是定语从句，修饰先行词situation，关系词在定语从句中作抽象地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这一策略的核心是创造一种局面，使对手被迫做出艰难的决定，常常是放弃进攻位置以应对更紧迫的威胁。“(address) a more pressing threat”是“abandoning their offensive position”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to address。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：它利用了出其不意的因素以及攻击意外目标带来的心理影响。“the element of surprise”和“the psychological impact”是并列关系，用并列连词and连接。故填and。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：通过将战场转移到一个较弱的地区，这一策略不仅打乱了敌人的计划，而且在不进行直接战斗的情况下获得了战术优势。shift...to...是固定搭配，意为“把……转移到……”。故填to。 【42题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在当代环境中，“围魏救赵”的原则已被应用于各种非军事领域。adapt(使适应)是谓语动词，与主语principles之间是被动关系，结合语境可知，描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are adapted。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：在商业领域，公司通过攻击竞争对手的薄弱市场或产品来应用这一策略，迫使其进行战略撤退。提示词作宾语，用名词withdrawal，意为“撤退”，是不可数名词。故填withdrawal。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：同样，在体育比赛中，球队充分利用对手的防守失误来获得竞争优势。提示词作定语修饰名词advantage，用形容词competitive，意为“竞争的”。故填competitive。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这一策略为在不同背景下应对挑战提供了一个有价值的框架。framework(框架)是可数名词单数形式，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词限定，且valuable发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 8.（2026浙江绍兴高三一模) The integration of robotics into daily life has transformed various aspects of individuals’ interaction with technology and their environments. Robots are not just futuristic concepts but present-day tools 56 boost efficiency and productivity through human collaboration 57 (handle) tasks from simple chores to complex operations. Humanoid robots, 58 (equip) with artificial intelligence, are increasingly employed in environments such as healthcare, education, and customer service. Their ability to engage with people on a social level allows them to provide companionship, support, and interactive learning experiences. Robotic assistants, in contrast, have made 59 (significance) progress into corporate world and personal spaces. From robotic vacuum cleaners to advanced programming bots, these robots 60 (design) to improve daily routines. They enable individuals to distribute their time and resources more 61 (efficient), allowing for a greater focus on strategic and creative efforts. 62 rise of robotics in daily life signifies a technological evolution and represents a fundamental shift in how authority and efficiency are perceived. Individuals and 63 (organize) can position themselves at the forefront of a swiftly advancing world 64 embracing these innovations. The future is here, 65 those who can employ these tools will certainly lead the charge into a new era of productivity and engagement. 【答案】 56．which/that 57．to handle 58．equipped 59．significant 60．are designed 61．efficiently 62．The 63．organizations 64．by 65．and 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人融入日常生活对人们与技术及环境互动方式的变革，以及机器人应用带来的多方面影响和未来发展趋势。 56．考查定语从句。句意：机器人不仅仅是未来的概念，而是当今的工具，通过人机协作来提高效率和生产力，处理从简单家务到复杂操作的任务。空处引导定语从句，先行词是tools，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 57．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作目的状语，用动词不定式。故填to handle。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：配备人工智能的人形机器人越来越多地应用于医疗保健、教育和客户服务等领域。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，Humanoid robots和equip是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填equipped。 59．考查形容词。句意：相比之下，机器人助手在商业世界和个人空间中取得了重大进展。空处修饰名词progress作定语，需用形容词形式。故填significant。 60．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：从机器人吸尘器到高级编程机器人，这些机器人旨在改善日常生活。空处为谓语动词，根据语境可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语these robots是复数，并且和谓语动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填are designed。 61．考查副词。句意：它们使个人能够更有效地分配时间和资源，从而能够更专注于战略性和创造性的工作。空处修饰动词distribute，需用副词形式。故填efficiently。 62．考查冠词。句意：机器人在日常生活中的兴起标志着技术的进化，也代表着人们对权威和效率的认知发生了根本性的转变。rise为可数名词，此处表示特指，需用定冠词the，位于句首，首字母大写。故填The。 63．考查名词。句意：个人和组织可以通过接受这些创新，使自己处于快速发展世界的前沿。and连接并列成分，空处和Individuals并列，需填名词复数形式。故填organizations。 64．考查介词。句意同上。结合语境可知，此处表示“通过”，后接动名词作宾语，需用介词by。故填by。 65．考查连词。句意：未来就在这里，那些能够使用这些工具的人必将引领进入一个生产力和参与度的新时代。结合语境可知，前后句之间是并列关系，需用连词and连接。故填and。 考点2 完成时态的被动语态 1.（北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期统练3英语试题) Skye has realized that she is one of the lucky kids who 1 (identify) as a sufferer of dyslexia (阅读障碍) so far. She knows that educating teachers about dyslexia and giving students with the learning challenge the tools they need is a great first step in meeting dyslexia head on, and 2 (help) them be confident, capable students. “Right now they feel 3 (stick) — ashamed, unsure and insecure about their school work. If I could help stop these students feeling this way, that would mean the world to me.” 【答案】1．have been identified 2．helping 3．stuck 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Skye意识到自己是阅读障碍患者，并希望通过教育教师和提供工具来帮助有类似情况的学生建立自信。 1．考查时态和语态。句意：Skye意识到自己是迄今为止被认定为阅读障碍患者之一的幸运孩子之一。空格处是who引导的定语从句的谓语动词，who指代先行词the lucky kids，与“identify”之间是被动关系，且根据“so far”可知，动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，故用现在完成时被动语态。故填have been identified。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：她知道教育教师了解阅读障碍，并为有学习挑战的学生提供他们所需的工具，是直面阅读障碍的重要第一步，并帮助他们成为自信、有能力的学生。作介词in的宾语，与meeting并列，用动名词helping作宾语。故填helping。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在他们感到困顿——对自己的学业感到羞愧、不确定和不安全。they与stick为被动关系，此处feel为系动词，后接过去分词stuck作表语。故填stuck。 1.（2025重庆市西南大学附属中学一模) The Taklimakan Desert, infamous as the “Sea of Death”, has now been fully encircled by the longest sand-blocking green ecological barrier, ___36___ length reaches an impressive 3, 046 kilometers, ___37___ (mark) the completion of over 40 years of efforts to contain the desert expansion within a safety zone. Covering 337, 600 square kilometers, the Taklimakan is China’s largest drifting desert, which poses an ___38___ (increasing) alarming threat to surrounding oases (绿洲) and serves as a significant source of dust storms and an upwind area for the country. In an effort to battle desertification and relieve the unfavorable effects of shifting sands and dust storms ___39___ nearby residents, the “Green Great Wall” has gradually emerged. So far, alongside the green belt, efforts ___40___ (make) to promote the development of sand-related industries, such as ceramics and pottery. The green belt not only acts as ___41___ ecological barrier but also stabilizes agriculture, boosts Xinjiang’s economic development, and highlights China’s technological and organizational strength in ecological governance. It is a shining example of ___42___ can be achieved through technological innovation and organizational capabilities. With a target ___43___ (restore) 2. 34 million hectares of degraded land by 2030 this ongoing initiative will safeguard the environment and promote ___44___ (region) sustainable development. With the successful completion of the green barrier, this region, once troubled by serious sandstorms, is set to see renewed ___45___ (vital) and dynamic ecosystems. 【答案】36. whose 37. marking 38. increasingly 39. on##upon 40. have been made 41. an 42. what 43. to restore 44. regional 45. vitality 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述历经40余年，中国在塔克拉玛干沙漠建成最长防沙屏障，它遏制沙漠扩张，推动产业发展，助力生态恢复。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：塔克拉玛干沙漠，因其“死亡之海”而声名狼藉，如今已被最长的防沙绿色生态屏障完全环绕，其长度达到了令人惊叹的3046公里，标志着40多年来将沙漠扩张控制在安全区域内的努力得以完成。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为the longest sand-blocking green ecological barrier，在从句中作定语，所以应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：塔克拉玛干沙漠，因其 “死亡之海” 而声名狼藉，如今已被最长的防沙绿色生态屏障完全环绕，其长度达到了令人惊叹的3046公里，标志着40多年来将沙漠扩张控制在安全区域内的努力得以完成。分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语，mark与前面的句子是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填marking。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：塔克拉玛干沙漠面积达33.76万平方公里，是中国最大的流动沙漠，它对周围的绿洲构成了越来越严重的威胁，并且是该国沙尘暴的重要源头和上风向地区。alarming是形容词，修饰形容词应用副词作状语。故填increasingly。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：为了对抗沙漠化，减轻流沙和沙尘暴对附近居民的不利影响，“绿色长城”逐渐形成。分析句子可知，这里考查“relieve the effects on/upon...”，是固定搭配，表示“减轻对…… 的影响”，所以此处应用介词on或者upon。故填on或upon。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，除了绿化带之外，人们已经努力推动了与沙子相关的产业发展，比如制陶业。分析句子可知。这里考查谓语动词，efforts与make之间是被动关系，再根据So far可知，句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为“have/has been + 过去分词”，主语efforts是复数，助动词用have。故填have been made。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这条绿化带不仅是一道生态屏障，而且稳定了农业，促进了新疆的经济发展，突显了中国在生态治理方面的技术和组织实力。分析句子可知，ecological barrier是可数名词单数，此处泛指“一道生态屏障”，应用不定冠词，ecological是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 【42题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这是一个通过技术创新和组织能力能够实现的成就的光辉典范。分析句子可知，of后面是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“所……的事情”，所以应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：到2030年，该正在进行的计划的目标是恢复234万公顷的退化土地，这将保护生态环境并促进地区的可持续发展。target后常用动词不定式作后置定语，a target to do sth.表示“做某事的目标”。故填to restore。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：到2030年，该正在进行的计划的目标是恢复234万公顷的退化土地，这将保护生态环境并促进地区的可持续发展。分析句子可知，development是名词，修饰名词应用形容词作定语。故填regional。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着绿色屏障的成功建成，这个曾经饱受严重沙尘暴困扰的地区将迎来新的生机和充满活力的生态系统。空处作see的宾语，名词vitality，表示“活力；生机”，符合句意，不可数。故填vitality。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $