Unit2语法讲解及习题：形容词性物主代词+一般现在时（II）实义动词用法2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语七年级上册

本讲义聚焦仁爱英语七上Unit2核心语法，系统讲解形容词性物主代词（my/your/his等）的概念、对照表、用法及易错点，构建从基础到应用的学习支架，同时深入解析一般现在时（II）实义动词用法，围绕三单主语区分，梳理肯定句、否定句、疑问句结构及动词三单变化规则。 该资料以家庭话题为情境，通过例句和练习题强化语言运用，提升语言能力。习题分层设计且解析详细，帮助学生分析错误，培养思维品质。课中辅助教师系统教学，课后助力学生自主查漏补缺，提升学习能力。

仁爱英语七上Unit2语法讲解及习题: 形容词性物主代词+一般现在时(II)实义动词用法 一、单元整体语法总览 本单元两大核心语法: 1. Possessive pronouns 形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their),用来表示所属关系,后必须接名词。 2. The simple present tense (II) 一般现在时(II)实义动词用法:主语为非三单 / 第三人称单数时,实义动词 like 等在肯定、否定、疑问句中的变形规则,围绕家庭、家人喜好话题展开。 第一部分:形容词性物主代词 1. 概念 形容词性物主代词用来表示物品归谁所有,翻译为 “…… 的”;它的性质等同于形容词,后面必须紧跟名词,不能单独使用。 2. 完整对照表(对应人称代词主格) 人称代词主格 I you he she it we you they 形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their 中文含义 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他们 / 她们 / 它们的 3. 核心用法 核心规则 形容词性物主代词 + 名词,构成 “物主代词短语”,可在句中作主语、定语。 只看所属人,不看后面名词单复数:my father(我的爸爸)、my parents(我的父母)均正确。 例句 1. This is my mother. She is a teacher. 这是我的妈妈,她是一名老师。 2. His uncle is a bus driver. 他的叔叔是一名公交车司机。 3. Her job is nice. 她的工作很不错。 4. Its name is Wangcai. 它的名字叫旺财(指代小狗)。 5. We love our family time. 我们喜爱我们的家庭时光。 6. They love their grandparents. 他们爱他们的祖父母。 4. 易错提醒 错误:This book is my.(my 不能单独放句末,my 后必须加名词) 正确:This is my book. 混淆:it's = it is(它是),而 its 才是 “它的” 物主代词,二者完全不同! 第二部分:一般现在时(II)实义动词用法精讲 1. 适用场景 一般现在时描述经常性、习惯性的动作、喜好、客观喜好与常态,本单元围绕家人是否喜欢游泳、唱歌、踢足球等爱好展开,核心区分:主语是否为第三人称单数(三单)。 何为第三人称单数主语(he/she/it/ 单个姓名 / 单个动物 / 单个事物) 例:he、she、it、Kangkang、my father、the dog 都属于三单主语; I/you/we/they、Kangkang and his sister、my parents 属于非三单主语。 2. 肯定句结构 非三单主语(I / You / We / They):主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 例:I like dancing. They like their family. You like playing football. 三单主语(He / She / It / 单个名字):主语 + 动词三单形式 + 其他 动词三单最基础规则:一般动词词尾 + s 例:He likes singing. My father likes driving. It likes meat. 3. 否定句结构(借助助动词 do/does) 非三单:主语 + don't (do not) + 动词原形 + 其他 例:We don't like running. You don't like swimming. 三单:主语 + doesn't (does not) + 动词原形 + 其他 ️ 重点:只要出现 doesn't,后面的实义动词必须变回原形! 例:She doesn't like playing the guitar. He doesn't like football. 4. 一般疑问句 + 简略回答 非三单:Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + do. 否定回答:No, 主语 + don't. 例:—Do you like running? —Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 三单:Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + does. 否定回答:No, 主语 + doesn't. ️ 重点:Does 提前提问时,句中实义动词必须变回原形! 例:—Does your brother like singing? —Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. 5. 动词三单基础变化规则(补充) 绝大多数动词:直接 + s like likes, play plays 以 s/x/sh/ch/o 结尾:+es watch watches, go goes 辅音字母 + y 结尾:变 y 为 i+es study studies;元音 + y 直接 + s:play plays 6. 例句参考 —Michael, do you like singing? Yes, I do. My brother likes singing, too. —Does he like playing the guitar? Yes, he does. He plays it very well. 综合练习题 一、用正确的形容词性物主代词填空 1. This is a girl. _name is Xiao Ya. 2. I have a brother. _name is Li Xiang. 3. The dog is small. _tail is short. 4. We are siblings(兄弟姐妹). _room is big. 5. You have a nice family. _parents are kind. 6. Tom and Jim are friends. _desks are new. 7. That man is Kangkang’s uncle. _job is a bus driver. 8. I am Yang Guang. _sister is Yang Yu. 9. The cat is black. _name is Xiaohei. 10. My aunt is a policewoman. _work is great. 11. They love grandparents. _grandparents live with them. 12. Is this your ruler? Yes, it’s _ruler. 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空 1. I _(like) swimming very much. 2. My father _(like) playing basketball. 3. They _(not like) running. 4. Does your sister _(like) dancing? 5. Xiao Ya _(not like) playing football. 6. We _(love) our happy family. 7. He _(play) the guitar every day. 8. Do you _(enjoy) family time? 9. Lingling and Li Mei _(like) swimming. 10. It _(like) fish very much. 三、句型转换 1. I like running.(改为否定句) I _running. 2. He likes playing the guitar.(改为一般疑问句) _he _playing the guitar? 3. They like their family.(改为一般疑问句并否定回答) —_they _their family? —No, _ _. 4. She likes dancing.(改为否定句) She _dancing. 5. Does Li Xiang like swimming?(做肯定回答) Yes, _. 6. My parents love our family time.(改为否定句) My parents _our family time. 四、单项选择 ( ) 1. —Is that _pen? —Yes, it’s her pen. A. he B. she C. her D. his ( ) 2. My brother _singing, but I _dancing. A. like; likes B. likes; like C. likes; likes D. like; like ( ) 3. —Does your cat like fish? —Yes, _. A. it do B. it does C. it doesn't D. it is ( ) 4. This is _family photo. We love _family. A. our; our B. we; our C. our; we D. we; we 参考答案 一、形容词性物主代词填空 1. Her 解析:指代 the girl(女孩),女性三单,用 her。 2. His 解析:brother 是男孩,男性三单,用 his。 3. Its 解析:指代 the dog 动物,用 its(它的)。 4. Our 解析:主语 we,对应物主代词 our(我们的)。 5. Your 解析:主语 you,对应 your(你的)。 6. Their 解析:Tom and Jim 两个人,复数 they,物主代词 their。 7. His 解析:that man 男性,用 his。 8. My 解析:主语 I,物主代词 my。 9. Its 解析:指代 cat,动物用 its。 10. Her 解析:aunt 是女性,用 her。 11. Their 解析:主语 they,物主代词 their。 12. my 解析:问句 your,答句对应 my。 二、动词正确形式填空 1. like 解析:主语 I 是非三单,动词用原形。 2. likes 解析:my father 是三单主语,like 变三单 likes。 3. don't like 解析:they 非三单,否定用 don't + 动词原形。 4. like 解析:Does 放在句首提问,后面实义动词必须变回原形 like。 5. doesn't like 解析:Xiao Ya 是三单主语,否定用 doesn't + 动词原形。 6. love 解析:we 非三单,动词原形 love。 7. plays 解析:he 三单,play 变三单 plays。 8. enjoy 解析:Do 提前提问,后面动词用原形 enjoy。 9. like 解析:Lingling and Li Mei 是两个人,非三单,原形 like。 10. likes 解析:it 为三单主语,like 变为 likes。 三、句型转换 1. don't like 解析:主语 I 非三单,否定借助 don't,动词用原形 like。 2. Does; like 解析:he 是三单主语,一般疑问句句首用 Does,后面 likes 变回原形 like。 3. Do; like; they don't 解析:they 非三单,疑问句句首 Do;否定简略回答:No, they don't. 4. doesn't like 解析:she 三单,否定用 doesn't,like 用原形。 5. he does 解析:Li Xiang 是男生三单主语,肯定回答用 he does。 6. don't love 解析:my parents 是复数非三单主语,否定用 don't + 动词原形 love。 四、单项选择 1. C 解析:后文答句 her pen,对应问句 her pen,her 是形容词性物主代词后接名词 pen。 2. B 解析:my brother 三单,用 likes;I 非三单,用原形 like。 3. B 解析:问句以 Does 提问,主语 it,肯定回答固定 Yes, it does. 4. A 解析:两处都需要形容词性物主代词修饰 family,we 是主格不能修饰名词,只能用 our。 ( 1 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $