Unit 3 War and Peace阶段练习 2025-2026学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第三册

**基本信息** 本练习采用“基础+提能”分层设计，通过词汇语法夯实与语篇综合应用，构建从语言知识到跨文化理解的巩固路径，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础练|词汇拼写（品句填词）、固定搭配（选词填空）、语法应用（语法填空）、句型转换（追型逐句）|聚焦单一知识点，如“追型逐句”强化独立主格等语法结构，夯实语言基础| |提能练|阅读理解（A/B篇）、语篇补全（七选五）、完形填空、语篇填空|综合语篇应用，如阅读理解A篇介绍医学科学家贡献渗透文化意识，完形填空通过《战马》故事培养思维品质|

Unit 3　War and Peace 基础练 Ⅰ.品句填词 1.Regular sports can ease social f　　　　　 and help people get on well with each other.  2.It is important to keep long-term social 　　　　　(稳定) for the development of our daily life.  3.We should remain a calm and o　　　　　　 attitude when facing unexpected difficulties. 4.This ancient building serves as a lasting 　　　　　(纪念碑) for the heroes who sacrificed their lives.  5.Too much 　　　　　　(暴力) shown online will do great harm to teenagers’ mental health. 6.The new policy will e　　　　　　 as an effective way to solve the current serious problem. Ⅱ.选词填空 make up of,have confidence in,nothing less than,prepare for,make it,meet up with 1.Despite all the difficulties ahead,we truly 　　　　　　　　　　　our ability to overcome all challenges.  2.On my way home yesterday,I happened to 　　　　　　　　　　　my former primary school teacher.  3.The ancient committee 　　　　　　　　　　　　famous scholars from different parts of the whole country.  4.The rescue they carried out in the disaster was 　　　　　　　　　　　　a great act of courage and kindness.  5.We have spent weeks practicing and training carefully to 　　　　　　　　the important national contest.  6.Keep going,and you will surely 　　　　　　　　to realize your long-held dream in the end. Ⅲ.完成下面语段,尽可能多地使用本单元语法 An artist and writer 1.　　　　　(be) travelling on the vast grasslands when he saw a herd of cattle on the grass.A cowboy 2.　　　　　　　　　(sit) on his horse’s back,absorbed in a book,whose name 3.(be) The Arabian Nights.The scenery 4.　　　　　　(be) so peaceful that he quickly took   out his painting equipment,which 5.　　　　　　　　　　　(bring) along with him,to capture the scene.He was really a good painter and a number of his works 6.　　　　　　　　　(sell) nationwide.One of his works 7.　　　　　　　　　(sell) for more than 10,000 dollars,which 8.　　　　　　(be) really a good price.He soon finished his painting and presented it to the lucky cowboy.  Ⅳ.追型逐句 1.那儿湿度很大,所以树都长得特别高,一些树高达90多米。(独立主格) It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.他生病住院了,难怪他没出席会议。 He was ill and in hospital,and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he didn’t attend the meeting.  3.他致力于文物修复,为保护中国文化遗产做出了巨大贡献。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,he made great contributions to the preservation of Chinese cultural heritage.  4.请记住:成功来自勤奋,然而懒惰导致失败。(while连接并列句) Please keep in mind that success comes from hard work 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  5.总之,海洋不仅为我们提供了充足的食物,而且维持着自然平衡。 To sum up,not only 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　it maintains the balance of nature.  提能练 Ⅴ.阅读理解 A Four Medical Scientists Who Changed the World Alexander Fleming(1881—1955) Scottish scientist Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928.After returning from vacation,he noticed that mold in a petri dish had killed bacteria.This accidental discovery led to the development of antibiotics(抗生素),which have saved millions of lives since then.During World War Ⅱ,penicillin was widely used to treat wounded soldiers and became known as a “wonder drug”.Fleming received the Nobel Prize in 1945 for his important work. Louis Pasteur(1822—1895) This French chemist proved that germs cause disease,changing our understanding of illness.He developed vaccines for rabies and anthrax,helping to prevent deadly infections.His pasteurization process,which kills harmful bacteria in milk and wine by heating them,is still used worldwide today.Pasteur’s germ theory laid the foundation for modern microbiology and changed how doctors treat patients. John Snow(1813—1858) English doctor Snow helped stop a deadly cholera outbreak in London in 1854.By carefully mapping cases on a street map,he proved that polluted water from a public pump spread the disease,not the popular belief of “bad air”.His work founded modern epidemiology(流行病学)—the study of how diseases spread—and led to major improvements in public health systems. Tu Youyou(1930—present) Inspired by traditional Chinese medicine,Chinese scientist Tu Youyou discovered artemisinin in the 1970s.After testing over 2,000 traditional recipes,she finally found a treatment for malaria(疟疾) in sweet wormwood.This drug has saved millions of lives in developing countries,especially in Africa.In 2015,she became the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,bringing traditional medicine into modern science. 1.What do Alexander Fleming and Tu Youyou have in common? A.Both discovered antibiotics by accident. B.Both worked mainly during World War Ⅱ. C.Both won the Nobel Prize for their work. D.Both studied traditional Chinese medicine. 2.What can be inferred from the text? A.Tu Youyou’s research was inspired by Louis Pasteur’s work. B.John Snow’s method helped establish a new field of medical study. C.Louis Pasteur’s theory mainly influenced the treatment of malaria. D.Alexander Fleming’s discovery was based on years of planned experiments. 3.What is the main purpose of the text? A.To compare traditional and modern medical approaches. B.To prove that accidents are important in medical research. C.To explain how Nobel Prize winners made their discoveries. D.To show how scientific contributions have improved global health. B The first time I met Jane,we became best friends.We enjoyed the same things.We were excited to find each other.Our families became friends and everyone knew wherever you found Jane,you found me.Jane was at my house quite often that summer.We played and practised flutes(长笛). When school began,we talked on the phone and went over to each other’s houses.Then it seemed as if we were put to a test.We both made new friends.Jane started to hang out with hers.We seldom talked on the phone.When we did take a minute to talk,one of her new friends would come up and Jane would walk away with her,leaving me hurt. I’m sure she didn’t know how bad I felt.I began to hang around with my new friends,but it wasn’t the same.I met Emma,also a friend of Jane’s.She was in the same situation.We decided to talk to Jane. The call was not easy.However,when we talked on the phone,we were friends again.I explained my feelings and so did she.I realized I was not the only one hurting.She also felt left out.There were times when I didn’t even notice I was ignoring(忽视) her.We talked for a long time and I felt a heavy weight lifted off my heart.I felt so happy.We decided we wanted to be with our new friends,but would never forget the fun and friendship we had. Today,I look back on all of this.Jane is not my best friend anymore,but more like my sister.We still enjoy the same things.Jane taught me that things change,people change but it doesn’t mean you forget the past.It simply means you move on and treasure all the memories. 4.What can we learn about the author and Jane from the first paragraph? A.They often studied together. B.Jane was the author’s first friend. C.They had much in common. D.The author had only one friend. 5.What was wrong with the author and Jane when school started? A.They performed badly. B.They spent less time together. C.They argued with each other. D.They were unwilling to talk to each other. 6.How did the author feel after talking to Jane on the phone? A.Glad. B.Surprised. C.Down. D.Nervous. 7.What is the text mainly about? A.Friends will finally leave us. B.Friends make our childhood colourful. C.Friends always hurt us by accident. D.Things will change but memories won’t. Ⅵ.七选五 (2026山西太原高二下月考) Nanjing:a city shaped by peace Nanjing,an ancient capital of six dynasties,blends a thousand-year history with modern growth.Its residents live in a thriving hub of economy and urban development.　1　 The 1937 Nanjing Massacre left deep scars,turning the city into a symbol of resilience against war.  Since the 1980s,to preserve history,Nanjing has built museums like the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese invaders.　2　 These venues attract over 2 million people annually,serving as powerful platforms for global peace education and promoting awareness of the cruelty of war.  As China’s first member of the International Cities of Peace,Nanjing has hosted the annual Nanjing Peace Forum since 2019.　3　 Its latest forum attracted delegates from 38 countries,jointly issuing the Nanjing Initiative on Youth Peace Education.  　4　 The government funds university peace studies,runs 40-hour trauma-informed teacher training courses,and integrates peace modules into K-12 curricula.Such systematic education equips youth with peace knowledge and awareness.  Through decades of efforts,Nanjing has changed from a symbol of wartime suffering to a beacon of peace.Its commitment to “remembering history,cherishing peace” warns humanity of the horrors of war and inspires us to safeguard peace.　5　.  A.The city has carried out peace education projects. B.This transformation shows how facing history contributes to peace. C.It has been ranked top among the happiest cities in China. D.Visitors can have access to some rare original wartime documents right there. E.However,its peaceful surface hides a painful chapter in history. F.These efforts have made it a global benchmark for historical healing. G.The forum aims to promote solutions to address global peace challenges. Ⅶ.完形填空 (2026黑龙江哈尔滨高二下开学考试) The cruelty and inhumanity of war is just as cruel and inhumane through the eyes of a horse.Or at least in the eyes of Joey,the main character of the film War Horse. The story starts on a 　1　 in Devon,England.The Narracott family—Dad,Mum,and their teenage son Albert rent the farm.When Dad buys a(n) 　2　 horse,Albert falls in love with him.He trains him and names him Joey.  They become as 　3　 as it is possible for a human and an animal to be.  But World War Ⅰ 　4　.Dad has to sell the horse to an English army officer to pay the 　5　.Joey and Albert can no longer be together.  Albert 　6　 Joey that they’ll find each other again one day.Then Albert goes on a journey to search for his friend.  But the four years of war are about Joey’s 　7　.He starts as the mount of the English officer.Then he becomes a German workhorse.He is given to a French teenager and her grandpa.He has to face the tanks on the front lines.The story ends in a sunset scene on the battlefield.Albert has become a soldier.The two are 　8　.  “It’s really much more of a story about hope and the hope that actually can exist in extremely 　9　 circumstances,” the director said.“　10　 is always in Joey’s face,in the way he moves,the way he breathes,the way he doesn’t look at what’s going to happen tomorrow.”  A journalist of a newspaper said the 　11　 manages in the film to “measure a man by how he 　12　 towards animals”.  In one scene,a British soldier and a German soldier join hands to 　13　 Joey.  “Men on 　14　 sides of war find their 　15　 humanity in their love of animals in War Horse,” the journalist concluded.  1.A.school B.factory C.farm D.cinema 2.A.beautiful B.ugly C.weak D.strange 3.A.close B.hostile C.happy D.distant 4.A.lets out B.breaks out C.gives out D.puts out 5.A.money B.rent C.fee D.cent 6.A.says B.informs C.promises D.tells 7.A.walk B.journey C.march D.length 8.A.separated B.met C.reunited D.found 9.A.warm B.bright C.dark D.lighted 10.A.Sadness B.Anxiety C.Fear D.Hope 11.A.director B.actor C.teacher D.professor 12.A.pretends B.acts C.misses D.makes 13.A.protect B.harm C.defeat D.sell 14.A.different B.common C.opposing D.individual 15.A.distinct B.particular C.special D.shared Ⅷ.语篇填空 (2026山东枣庄高二下月考) XI’AN—Chinese archaeologists(考古学家) have discovered two ancient chariots(战车) in a new round of excavations(发掘) at a burial pit near Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum(陵墓) in Northwest China’s Shaanxi Province. The chariots 1.　　　　　　　　　(find) in Pit No.2 at Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum,according to an announcement at an archaeological conference held on Wednesday.  Carried out by the museum in 2025,the excavation covered 2.　　　　　　 area of approximately 30 square meters and also unearthed 15 3.　　　　　　(piece) of chariot and horse gear(装备),along with nine weapons.  Zhu Sihong,the project leader and a research fellow at the museum,said that one notable 4.　　　　　　(find) is that the chariots were buried without wheels—a feature not previously confirmed in this section of the pit.  Zhu said the vehicles likely served a 5.　　　　　(symbol) rather than functional role in the underground army.  According to some surveys,Pit No.2,6.　　　　　(measure) about 6,000 square meters,contains over 1,300 terracotta warriors and horses,including charioteers(战车车夫),cavalry,kneeling archers 7.　　　　　　 standing archers.Many of the best-preserved painted terracotta figures discovered to date come from this pit.  8.　　　　　　　　(discover) in 1974,the Terracotta Warriors army was built by Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty(221 BCE—207 BCE),9. unified(统一) China for the first time.The site was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1987.  So far,thousands of life-size clay warriors and numerous weapons have been unearthed from three pits surrounding Qinshihuang’s tomb,providing insights 10.　　　　　　　　 the politics,economy,military power,art and social life of the Qin Dynasty.  参考答案 基础练 Ⅰ.1.friction　2.stability　3.objective　4.memorial　5.violence　6.emerge Ⅱ.1.have confidence in　2.meet up with　3.is made up of 4.nothing less than　5.prepare for　6.make it Ⅲ.1.was　2.was sitting　3.is　4.was　5.was brought 6.had been/were sold　7.was sold　8.was/is Ⅳ.1.some measuring over 90 metres 2.it was no wonder(that)/no wonder(that) 3.Dedicated to the restoration of cultural relics 4.while laziness leads to failure 5.does the ocean offer us sufficient food but also 提能练 Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四位医学科学家的重大贡献,这些成果拯救无数生命、推动全球公共健康发展。 1.C　细节理解题。根据Alexander Fleming(1881—1955)部分中“Fleming received the Nobel Prize in 1945 for his important work.”以及Tu Youyou(1930—present)部分中“In 2015,she became the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,bringing traditional medicine into modern science.”可知,亚历山大·弗莱明和屠呦呦都因其成就获得了诺贝尔奖。故选C项。 2.B　推理判断题。根据John Snow(1813—1858)部分中“His work founded modern epidemiology—the study of how diseases spread—and led to major improvements in public health systems.”可推知,约翰·斯诺的方法帮助开辟了一个新的医学研究领域。故选B项。 3.D　推理判断题。根据文章标题并通读全文可知,文章介绍了四位医学科学家的重大贡献,这些成果拯救无数生命、推动全球公共健康发展,可推知这篇文章的主要目的是展示科学贡献如何改善全球健康状况。故选D项。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和好朋友Jane之间因为结识新朋友而产生隔阂,后又和解的经历,最后表达了“虽然事情会变,人会变,但并不意味着你要忘记过去”的主题。 4.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The first time I met Jane,we became best friends.We enjoyed the same things.We were excited to find each other.”可知,作者和Jane有很多共同之处。故选C项。 5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When school began,we talked on the phone and went over to each other’s houses.Then it seemed as if we were put to a test.We both made new friends.Jane started to hang out with hers.We seldom talked on the phone.”可知,开学后作者和Jane在一起的时间更少了。故选B项。 6.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“We talked for a long time and I felt a heavy weight lifted off my heart.I felt so happy.”可知,作者和Jane通过电话后感到很高兴。故选A项。 7.D　主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Jane taught me that things change,people change but it doesn’t mean you forget the past.It simply means you move on and treasure all the memories.”结合文章讲述了作者和好朋友Jane之间因为结识新朋友而产生隔阂,后又和解的经历,最后表达了“虽然事情会变,人会变,但并不意味着你要忘记过去”的主题可知,这篇文章的主要内容是事情会变,但记忆不会变。故选D项。 Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。南京作为六朝古都,历经历史创伤后,通过建馆、办论坛、推教育等举措,成为和平象征,倡导铭记历史、珍惜和平。 1.E　根据上下文可知,本句与上文构成转折,引出下文南京大屠杀的痛苦历史,故E选项“然而,其和平的表象下隐藏着一段痛苦的历史篇章。”符合语境,故选E项。 2.D　根据上文“Since the 1980s,to preserve history,Nanjing has built museums like the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese invaders.”可知,本句承接上文,说明侵华日军南京大屠杀遇难者纪念馆的作用。故D选项“游客可以在这里直接接触到一些罕见的原始战争时期文件。”符合语境,故选D项。 3.G　根据上下文可知,上文提到了和平论坛,推测本句承接上文,说明论坛的作用。故G选项“此论坛旨在推进解决全球和平挑战的方案。”符合语境,故选G项。 4.A　根据下文“The government funds university peace studies,runs 40-hour trauma-informed teacher training courses,and integrates peace modules into K-12 curricula.Such systematic education equips youth with peace knowledge and awareness.”可知,本段主要介绍了开展的和平教育项目,A选项中的“peace education projects”对应下文“university peace studies”。故A选项“该城市开展了和平教育项目。”符合语境,故选A项。 5.B　根据上文“Through decades of efforts,Nanjing has changed from a symbol of wartime suffering to a beacon of peace.”可知,上文提到了南京已从一个饱受战乱之苦的象征转变为和平的象征,本句总结这一转变的意义。故B选项“这一转变表明面对历史有助于实现和平。”符合语境,故选B项。 Ⅶ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了电影《战马》的故事。影片通过战马乔伊的视角展现一战的残酷,讲述它与少年阿尔伯特从相依相伴到被迫分离,又在战火中历经辗转最终重逢的历程。 1.C　根据下文“The Narracott family—Dad,Mum,and their teenage son Albert rent the farm.”可知,故事发生在农场,故选C项。 2.A　根据下文“Albert falls in love with him”可知,这匹马很出色、漂亮,故选A项。 3.A　根据上文“Albert fall in love with him.He trains him and names him Joey.”可知,阿尔伯特喜欢它,训练它、给它取名,二者关系十分亲密,故选A项。 4.B　根据空前“World War Ⅰ”可知,战争爆发用break out,故选B项。 5.B　根据上文“rent the farm”可知,家里需要支付农场租金,故选B项。 6.C　根据下文“Then Albert goes on a journey to search for his friend.”可知,他踏上寻找乔伊的旅程,这是他做出的承诺,故选C项。 7.B　根据下文“He starts as the mount of the English officer.Then he becomes a German workhorse.He is given to a French teenager and her grandpa.He has to face the tanks on the front lines.The story ends in a sunset scene on the battlefield.Albert has become a soldier.”可知,乔伊辗转于英军、德军、法国百姓之间,这是它的战争历程,故选B项。 8.C　根据下文“In one scene,a British soldier and a German soldier join hands to 　　　Joey.”并结合上文阿尔伯特一直在寻找乔伊可知,他们最终重逢,故选C项。  9.C　根据上文“World War Ⅰ”可知,战争环境是残酷、黑暗的,故选C项。 10.D　根据上文“It’s really much more of a story about hope and the hope that actually can exist...”可知,影片主题是hope,此处强调希望,故选D项。 11.A　根据上文出现“the director said”以及评论影片创作意图可知,此处指导演,故选A项。 12.B　根据上文“measure a man”可知,行为衡量人品,act towards意为“对待、对……做出行为”,符合衡量人品的语境,故选B项。 13.A　根据下文“find their 　　　humanity in their love of animals”可知,他们共同保护这匹马,故选A项。  14.C　根据历史常识可知,英国士兵与德国士兵分属敌对阵营,是对立双方,故选C项。 15.D　根据下文“humanity in their love of animals in War Horse”可知,虽然是敌人,但对动物的爱心是双方共同拥有的,故选D项。 Ⅷ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章围绕秦始皇陵二号坑新一轮考古发掘发现的两辆古代战车展开,介绍了发掘的具体情况、战车特征及兵马俑遗址的相关价值。 1.were found　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语the chariots与所给动词find之间是被动关系,且“发现”这一动作发生在过去,要用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是复数名词。故填were found。 2.an　考查冠词。cover an area of...是固定搭配,意为“占地面积为……”,area是发音以元音音素开头的单数可数名词,因此用不定冠词an。故填an。 3.pieces　考查名词复数。空格前有基数词15修饰,要将单数可数名词piece变成复数形式pieces。故填pieces。 4.finding　考查名词。空前有one notable作定语,要将动词find变成其单数名词形式finding。故填finding。 5.symbolic　考查形容词。所填词作定语修饰名词role,要将名词symbol变成其形容词形式symbolic。故填symbolic。 6.measuring　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词contains,所给词measure是动词,其后无并列连词,应用非谓语动词,作后置定语修饰Pit No.2,它们是逻辑上的主谓关系,要用measure的现在分词形式。故填measuring。 7.and　考查连词。介词including后面的charioteers,cavalry,kneeling archers以及standing archers用于列举,它们之间是并列关系。故填and。 8.Discovered　考查非谓语动词。句中有谓语动词was built,此处是非谓语动词放在句首作状语,主语the Terracotta Warriors army与discover之间是逻辑上的被动关系,要将discover变成过去分词discovered,句首单词首字母需大写。故填Discovered。 9.who　考查定语从句。此处是关系词引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Emperor Qinshihuang;先行词指人,所填关系词在该从句中作主语,要用关系代词who。故填who。 10.into　考查介词。provide insights into...是固定搭配,表示“为了解……提供线索”。故填into。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $