第67卷 阅读理解4（说明文）-2027年内蒙古自治区（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦文化历史类说明文阅读，通过7篇典型文本（狄更斯作品、丝绸之路等）设计35道题，系统覆盖细节理解、主旨大意等核心题型，强化语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |文化历史类说明文阅读|7篇35题（含庞贝城、下午茶传统等主题）|以细节理解（如第6题）、主旨大意（如第10题）、词义猜测（如第3题）、推理判断（如第25题）为主|围绕文化历史主题，通过事实提取→词义推断→主旨归纳→深层推理的逻辑链条，构建从文本理解到文化认知的思维路径|

编写说明：【2027版】内蒙古自治区（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校公共基础课课程标准》及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是47份考点训练卷，第二部分是语音辨析、单项选择、完形填空、补全对话、阅读理解、句子改错、短语填空7大题型，以及微专题突破共38份专题训练卷，第三部分是15份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】内蒙古自治区（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》的第67卷，是文化历史类说明文（阅读理解4）考点训练卷。 【2027版】内蒙古自治区（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》 第67卷 专项训练卷·阅读理解4·说明文（文化、历史类） 考试时间：35分钟 满分：70分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、阅读理解（共七篇，每篇共5题，每题2分，满分70分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 （一） In the 19th century, a famous British writer, Charles Dickens(狄更斯), wrote many novels about life in London. His books showed the hard lives of poor people and the rich life of the upper class. One of his most famous stories is Oliver Twist. It tells the story of a young boy who runs away from a workhouse and meets a group of thieves in London. The book is still very popular today because it shows important social problems of that time, such as poverty and unfairness. Dickens’s writing style is very special. He often uses humour and strong emotions to make readers feel connected to his characters. Through his stories, we can learn a lot about the history and culture of Victorian England. Many of his works have been made into movies, TV shows, and even plays. They are loved by people all over the world. 1.What is the main topic of Oliver Twist? A. The rich life of the upper class. B. The story of a young boy and thieves. C. The history of Victorian England. D. The writing style of Charles Dickens. 2.Why are Dickens’s novels still popular today? A. Because they are very funny. B. Because they show important social problems. C. Because they are about famous people. D. Because they are easy to read. 3.What does the word “poverty” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. The state of being rich. B. The state of being happy. C. The state of being poor. D. The state of being famous. 4.How does Dickens make readers feel connected to his characters? A. By using difficult words. B. By writing about rich people only. C. By using humour and strong emotions. D. By writing about modern life. 5.What can we learn from the passage? A. Dickens only wrote about poor people. B. Dickens’s works are only popular in England. C. Dickens’s stories help us understand history and culture. D. All of Dickens’s novels have been made into movies. （二） The history of the bicycle is a long and interesting story. The first bicycle was invented in Germany in 1817. It was made of wood and had no pedals. People had to push it with their feet on the ground. This machine was called a “dandy horse”. Later, in the1860s, French inventors added pedals to the front wheel. This made the bicycle much easier to ride. In the 1880s, the “safety bicycle” was invented. It had two wheels of the same size and a chain to drive the back wheel. This design was much safer and more comfortable. Soon, bicycles became very popular all over the world. They were not only a means of transport but also a symbol of freedom, especially for women. In the 1890s, the bicycle boom helped women to get more independence. 6.What was the first bicycle like? A. It was made of wood and had pedals. B. It was made of metal and had a chain. C. It was made of wood and had no pedals. D. It was made of metal and had no wheels. 7.When did the “safety bicycle” appear? A. In 1817. B. In the 1860s. C. In the 1880s. D. In the 1890s. 8.What made the “safety bicycle” safer? A. It was made of wood. B. It had a chain to drive the back wheel. C. It had a larger front wheel. D. It had no pedals. 9.According to the passage, why was the bicycle important for women? A. It was a cheap way to travel. B. It helped them to get more independence. C. It was a popular sport. D. It was a symbol of wealth. 10.What is the best title for this passage? A. How to Ride a Bicycle. B. The History of the Bicycle. C. The Safety Bicycle. D. Bicycles and Women. （三） The ancient city of Pompeii（庞贝城） in Italy was a busy and rich city. It was located near the mountain Vesuvius. In 79 AD, the volcano suddenly erupted. The eruption was so powerful that it covered the whole city with ash and stones. In just a few hours, the city of Pompeii was completely buried. Thousands of people lost their lives. For many centuries, the city was forgotten. Then, in 1748, some workers discovered the ruins. Since then, archaeologists have been digging at the site. They have found houses, streets, shops, and even the bodies of the people who died. The ash had preserved the city perfectly. From the ruins, we can learn a lot about the daily life of ancient Romans. We can see what they ate, how they dressed, and what their houses looked like. Pompeii is like a time capsule. 11.What happened to the city of Pompeii in 79 AD? A. It was destroyed by a big fire. B. It was buried by a volcanic eruption. C. It was hit by a big earthquake. D. It was rebuilt by the Romans. 12.When was the city of Pompeii discovered again? A. In 79 AD. B. In 1748. C. In the 19th century. D. In the 20th century. 13.What did the ash from the volcano do? A. It destroyed everything in the city. B. It preserved the city perfectly. C. It made the city disappear. D. It helped the people escape. 14.What can we learn from the ruins of Pompeii? A. The history of the volcano. B. The daily life of ancient Romans. C. The location of other ancient cities. D. The cause of the eruption. 15.Why is Pompeii called a “time capsule”? A. Because it is very old. B. Because it was buried for a long time. C. Because it shows us a picture of life in the past.D. Because it contains many clocks. （四） The Silk Road was not a single road, but a network of trade routes connecting the East and the West. It was about 6,400 kilometers long. The name comes from the valuable silk that was traded from China. However, not only silk but also many other goods were traded, such as tea, spices, and paper. The Silk Road was not just for trade. It was also a path for cultural exchange. Ideas, religions, and technologies spread along the route. For example, Buddhism came to China from India through the Silk Road. The route was busy from about 130 BC to the 15th century. Traveling was very dangerous because of the long distances, bad weather, and robbers. But the journey was worth it for the riches and knowledge that could be gained. 16.What is the main idea of the passage? A. The Silk Road was a single road. B. The Silk Road was only for trading silk. C. The Silk Road was a route for trade and cultural exchange. D. The Silk Road was very dangerous. 17.Why is the road called the “Silk Road”? A. Because silk was the main food.B. Because silk was the most valuable trade good from China. C. Because the road was made of silk. D. Because people wore silk clothes on the road. 18.What else was traded on the Silk Road besides silk? A. Only tea and spices. B. Ideas and religions. C. Tea, spices, and paper. D. Only paper. 19.How did Buddhism spread to China? A. Through the Silk Road. B. By sea. C. Through war. D. From books. 20.What made traveling on the Silk Road dangerous? A. Short distances and good weather. B. Long distances, bad weather, and robbers. C. Only robbers. D. Only bad weather. （五） The Oxford English Dictionary (OED牛津英语字典) is one of the most famous dictionaries in the world. It is not just a list of words; it is a history of the English language. The first edition of the OED was published in 1884. It took over 70 years to complete. The project was started by the Philological Society of London, and many volunteers helped to collect words. The OED is special because it shows the history of how words have changed over time. For each word, it gives the different meanings it has had, and the earliest example of its use. The dictionary is updated regularly. Today, the OED is also available online, and new words are added every year, like “selfie” and “hashtag”. It is a living record of the English language. 21.What makes the OED different from other dictionaries? A. It only has new words. B. It is only available online. C. It shows the history of words. D. It is the smallest dictionary. 22.When was the first edition of the OED published? A. In 1884. B. In the 19th century. C. Over 70 years ago. D. Every year. 23.Who helped to collect words for the first edition? A. Only the editors. B. The government. C. Many volunteers. D. The Queen of England. 24.What does the word “selfie” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. A kind of book. B. A photo you take of yourself. C. A new language. D. A type of computer. 25.What can we infer from the passage? A. The OED will never change. B. The OED is a finished project. C. The OED is a living record of the language. D. The OED is only for scholars. （六） The tradition of afternoon tea is a very British custom. It is said to have been started in the 1840s by a duchess named Anna. She felt hungry in the late afternoon between lunch and dinner, which was served very late. She asked for some tea, bread, and cake to be brought to her room. This became a habit, and she started to invite her friends to join her. Soon, the idea of afternoon tea became popular among upper-class women. It was a social event. They would drink tea, eat small sandwiches, cakes, and scones, and talk about the latest news. The tradition has changed over time, but it is still enjoyed in many places today. Modern tea rooms and hotels offer afternoon tea as a special treat for tourists and locals. 26.Who started the tradition of afternoon tea? A. A queen. B. A duchess named Anna. C. A famous chef. D. A group of workers. 27.Why did the duchess start to have tea in the afternoon? A. Because she was thirsty. B. Because she was hungry between lunch and dinner. C. Because she wanted to meet her friends. D. Because she liked the taste of tea. 28.What did the upper-class women do during afternoon tea? A. They only drank tea. B. They discussed business. C. They ate, drank, and talked. D. They played games. 29.Where can we enjoy afternoon tea today? A. Only in rich people’s homes. B. Only in London. C. In tea rooms and hotels. D. Only in the 1840s. 30.The passage is mainly about ______. A. how to make tea B. the history of a British custom C. the life of a duchess D. different kinds of food （七） The development of the camera has changed the way we see the world. The first camera was invented in the 1830s. It was a large, heavy machine. Taking a picture was a slow and difficult process. You had to sit still for a long time, or the photo would be blurry. In the 20th century, cameras became smaller and easier to use. The invention of film made photography more popular. Then, in the 1990s, digital cameras appeared. They use memory cards instead of film. This made it possible to take hundreds of photos and see them immediately. Today, most people have cameras on their mobile phones. Taking pictures has become a part of everyday life. We can share our photos with the world in seconds. 31.What was the first camera like? A. It was small and light. B. It was large and heavy. C. It was digital. D. It was easy to use. 32.Why did people have to sit still for a long time for early photos? A. Because the camera was very slow. B. Because they needed to rest. C. Because the film was expensive. D. Because the camera was small. 33.What is the advantage of digital cameras over film cameras? A. They are heavier. B. They are cheaper. C. They allow you to see photos immediately. D. They are slower. 34.Where can we find a camera today, according to the passage? A. Only in photo studios. B. Only in museums. C. On most mobile phones. D. Only in professional hands. 35.The passage suggests that the development of the camera has ______. A. made photography difficult B. made photography expensive C. made photography a part of everyday life D. made photography unpopular 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：【2027版】内蒙古自治区（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校公共基础课课程标准》及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是47份考点训练卷，第二部分是语音辨析、单项选择、完形填空、补全对话、阅读理解、句子改错、短语填空7大题型，以及微专题突破共38份专题训练卷，第三部分是15份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】内蒙古自治区（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》的第67卷，是文化历史类说明文（阅读理解4）考点训练卷。 【2027版】内蒙古自治区（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》 第67卷 专项训练卷·阅读理解4·说明文（文化、历史类） 考试时间：35分钟 满分：70分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、阅读理解（共七篇，每篇共5题，每题2分，满分70分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 （一） In the 19th century, a famous British writer, Charles Dickens(狄更斯), wrote many novels about life in London. His books showed the hard lives of poor people and the rich life of the upper class. One of his most famous stories is Oliver Twist. It tells the story of a young boy who runs away from a workhouse and meets a group of thieves in London. The book is still very popular today because it shows important social problems of that time, such as poverty and unfairness. Dickens’s writing style is very special. He often uses humour and strong emotions to make readers feel connected to his characters. Through his stories, we can learn a lot about the history and culture of Victorian England. Many of his works have been made into movies, TV shows, and even plays. They are loved by people all over the world. 1.What is the main topic of Oliver Twist? A. The rich life of the upper class. B. The story of a young boy and thieves. C. The history of Victorian England. D. The writing style of Charles Dickens. 【答案】B 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第一段第三句“It tells the story of a young boy who runs away from a workhouse and meets a group of thieves in London.”可知，《雾都孤儿》主要讲述了一个小男孩和一群小偷的故事。A项“上层阶级的富裕生活”只是狄更斯小说内容的一部分，并非该小说的主题；C项“维多利亚时代英格兰的历史”是读者可以从狄更斯作品中了解到的，但不是该小说的主题；D项“查尔斯·狄更斯的写作风格”是文章第二段的内容，不是小说的主题。故B项正确。 2.Why are Dickens’s novels still popular today? A. Because they are very funny. B. Because they show important social problems. C. Because they are about famous people. D. Because they are easy to read. 【答案】B 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第一段最后一句“The book is still very popular today because it shows important social problems of that time, such as poverty and unfairness.”可知，狄更斯的小说至今仍受欢迎是因为它们展现了重要的社会问题。A项“因为它们非常有趣”与原文不符；C项“因为它们是关于名人的”未提及；D项“因为它们容易阅读”未提及。故B项正确。 3.What does the word “poverty” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. The state of being rich. B. The state of being happy. C. The state of being poor. D. The state of being famous. 【答案】C 【详解】考查词义猜测。根据原文第一段最后一句“the book is still very popular today because it shows important social problems of that time, such as poverty and unfairness.”可知，poverty和unfairness（不公平）都是社会问题，且与上文“the hard lives of poor people”（穷人的艰难生活）相呼应，因此poverty意为“贫穷”。A项“富裕的状态”、B项“幸福的状态”、D项“著名的状态”均不符合语境。故C项正确。 4.How does Dickens make readers feel connected to his characters? A. By using difficult words. B. By writing about rich people only. C. By using humour and strong emotions. D. By writing about modern life. 【答案】C 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第二段第一、二句“Dickens’s writing style is very special. He often uses humour and strong emotions to make readers feel connected to his characters.”可知，狄更斯通过使用幽默和强烈的情感让读者与角色产生共鸣。A项“通过使用难词”、B项“只 写富人”、D项“写现代生活”均与原文不符。故C项正确。 5.What can we learn from the passage? A. Dickens only wrote about poor people. B. Dickens’s works are only popular in England. C. Dickens’s stories help us understand history and culture. D. All of Dickens’s novels have been made into movies. 【答案】C 【详解】考查推理判断。根据原文第二段第三句“Through his stories, we can learn a lot about the history and culture of Victorian England.”可知，通过狄更斯的故事，我们可以了解维多利亚时代英格兰的历史和文化。A项“狄更斯只写穷人”过于绝对，原文还提到“the rich life of the upper class”；B项“狄更斯的作品只在英国受欢迎”与原文“They are loved by people all over the world”矛盾；D项“狄更斯所有的小说都被拍成了电影”过于绝对，原文只说“Many of his works have been made into movies”。故C项正确。 （二） The history of the bicycle is a long and interesting story. The first bicycle was invented in Germany in 1817. It was made of wood and had no pedals. People had to push it with their feet on the ground. This machine was called a “dandy horse”. Later, in the 1860s, French inventors added pedals to the front wheel. This made the bicycle much easier to ride. In the 1880s, the “safety bicycle” was invented. It had two wheels of the same size and a chain to drive the back wheel. This design was much safer and more comfortable. Soon, bicycles became very popular all over the world. They were not only a means of transport but also a symbol of freedom, especially for women. In the 1890s, the bicycle boom helped women to get more independence. 6.What was the first bicycle like? A. It was made of wood and had pedals. B. It was made of metal and had a chain. C. It was made of wood and had no pedals. D. It was made of metal and had no wheels. 【答案】C 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第一段第二、三句“The first bicycle was invented in Germany in 1817. It was made of wood and had no pedals.”可知，第一辆自行车是木制的，没有踏板。A项“木制且有踏板”与原文“had no pedals”矛盾；B项“金属制且有链条”描述的是后来的安全自行车；D项“金属制且没有轮子”未提及。故C项正确。 7.When did the “safety bicycle” appear? A. In 1817. B. In the 1860s. C. In the 1880s. D. In the 1890s. 【答案】C 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第二段第一句“In the 1880s, the ‘safety bicycle’ was invented.”可知，安全自行车出现在19世纪80年代。A项“1817年”是第一辆自行车出现的时间；B项“19世纪60年代”是法国发明家给前轮加踏板的时间；D项“19世纪90年代”是自行车繁荣期。故C项正确。 8.What made the “safety bicycle” safer? A. It was made of wood. B. It had a chain to drive the back wheel. C. It had a larger front wheel. D. It had no pedals. 【答案】B 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第二段第一、二句“In the 1880s, the ‘safety bicycle’ was invented. It had two wheels of the same size and a chain to drive the back wheel. This design was much safer and more comfortable.”可知，安全自行车更安全的原因是它有两个相同大小的轮子和一个驱动后轮的链条。A项“木制的”是早期自行车的材料；C项“前轮更大”未提及；D项“没有踏板”是早期自行车的特点。故B项正确。 9.According to the passage, why was the bicycle important for women? A. It was a cheap way to travel.   B. It helped them to get more independence. C. It was a popular sport.   D. It was a symbol of wealth. 【答案】B 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第二段最后一句“In the 1890s, the bicycle boom helped women to get more independence.”可知，自行车对女性很重要，因为它帮助她们获得了更多的独立。A项“一种便宜的旅行方式”、C项“一项流行的运动”、D项“财富的象征”均未提及。故B项正确。 10.What is the best title for this passage? A. How to Ride a Bicycle. B. The History of the Bicycle. C. The Safety Bicycle. D. Bicycles and Women. 【答案】B 【详解】考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章按照时间顺序介绍了自行车从发明到发展的历史，包括第一辆自行车、脚踏板的添加、安全自行车的发明以及自行车对女性的影响，因此最佳标题是“自行车的历史”。A项“如何骑自行车”未提及；C项“安全自行车”只是文章一部分内容；D项“自行车和女性”也是文章一部分内容。故B项正确。 （三） The ancient city of Pompeii（庞贝城） in Italy was a busy and rich city. It was located near the mountain Vesuvius. In 79 AD, the volcano suddenly erupted. The eruption was so powerful that it covered the whole city with ash and stones. In just a few hours, the city of Pompeii was completely buried. Thousands of people lost their lives. For many centuries, the city was forgotten. Then, in 1748, some workers discovered the ruins. Since then, archaeologists have been digging at the site. They have found houses, streets, shops, and even the bodies of the people who died. The ash had preserved the city perfectly. From the ruins, we can learn a lot about the daily life of ancient Romans. We can see what they ate, how they dressed, and what their houses looked like. Pompeii is like a time capsule. 11.What happened to the city of Pompeii in 79 AD? A. It was destroyed by a big fire. B. It was buried by a volcanic eruption. C. It was hit by a big earthquake. D. It was rebuilt by the Romans. 【答案】B 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第一段第三、四句“In 79 AD, the volcano suddenly erupted. The eruption was so powerful that it covered the whole city with ash and stones. In just a few hours, the city of Pompeii was completely buried.”可知，庞贝城被火山喷发掩埋。A项“被大火摧毁”、C项“被大地震袭击”、D项“被罗马人重建”均与原文不符。故B项正确。 12.When was the city of Pompeii discovered again? A. In 79 AD. B. In 1748. C. In the 19th century. D. In the 20th century. 【答案】B 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第二段第二句“Then, in 1748, some workers discovered the ruins.”可知，庞贝城于1748年被重新发现。A项“公元79年”是火山喷发的时间；C项“19世纪”和D项“20世纪”均与原文不符。故B项正确。 13.What did the ash from the volcano do? A. It destroyed everything in the city. B. It preserved the city perfectly. C. It made the city disappear. D. It helped the people escape. 【答案】B 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第二段第四句“The ash had preserved the city perfectly.”可知，火山灰完美地保存了这座城市。A项“摧毁了城市中的一切”与原文中“preserved the city”矛盾；C项“使城市消失”与原文不符；D项“帮助人们逃脱”未提及。故B项正确。 14.What can we learn from the ruins of Pompeii? A. The history of the volcano. B. The daily life of ancient Romans. C. The location of other ancient cities. D. The cause of the eruption. 【答案】B 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第二段第五句“From the ruins, we can learn a lot about the daily life of ancient Romans.”可知，从庞贝城的废墟中我们可以了解古罗马人的日常生活。A项“火山的历史”、C项“其他古城的位置”、D项“喷发的原因”均未提及。故B项正确。 15.Why is Pompeii called a “time capsule”? A. Because it is very old. B. Because it was buried for a long time. C. Because it shows us a picture of life in the past.D. Because it contains many clocks. 【答案】C 【详解】考查推理判断。根据原文第二段最后两句“From the ruins, we can learn a lot about the daily life of ancient Romans. We can see what they ate, how they dressed, and what their houses looked like. Pompeii is like a time capsule.”可知，庞贝城被称为“时间胶囊”是因为它向我们展示了过去的真实生活场景。A项“因为它非常古老”、B项“因为它被埋了很久”虽然正确，但都不是被称为“时间胶囊”的直接原因；D项“因为它包含许多钟表”是字面意思的误解。故C项正确。 （四） The Silk Road was not a single road, but a network of trade routes connecting the East and the West. It was about 6,400 kilometers long. The name comes from the valuable silk that was traded from China. However, not only silk but also many other goods were traded, such as tea, spices, and paper. The Silk Road was not just for trade. It was also a path for cultural exchange. Ideas, religions, and technologies spread along the route. For example, Buddhism came to China from India through the Silk Road. The route was busy from about 130 BC to the 15th century. Traveling was very dangerous because of the long distances, bad weather, and robbers. But the journey was worth it for the riches and knowledge that could be gained. 16.What is the main idea of the passage? A. The Silk Road was a single road. B. The Silk Road was only for trading silk. C. The Silk Road was a route for trade and cultural exchange. D. The Silk Road was very dangerous. 【答案】C 【详解】考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章第一段介绍了丝绸之路的贸易功能，第二段介绍了它的文化交流功能，因此文章主要说明丝绸之路是一条贸易和文化交流的路线。A项“丝绸之路是一条单一的道路”与原文“not a single road”矛盾；B项“丝绸之路只用于交易丝绸”与原文“not only silk but also many other goods were traded”矛盾；D项“丝绸之路非常危险”只是部分内容。故C项正确。 17.Why is the road called the “Silk Road”? A. Because silk was the main food.B. Because silk was the most valuable trade good from China. C. Because the road was made of silk. D. Because people wore silk clothes on the road. 【答案】B 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第一段第三句“The name comes from the valuable silk that was traded from China.”可知，这条路被称为“丝绸之路”是因为来自中国的珍贵丝绸。A项“因为丝绸是主要食物”、C项“因为路是丝绸做的”、D项“因为人们在路上穿丝绸衣服”均与原文不符。故B项正确。 18.What else was traded on the Silk Road besides silk? A. Only tea and spices. B. Ideas and religions. C. Tea, spices, and paper. D. Only paper. 【答案】C 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第一段最后一句“However, not only silk but also many other goods were traded, such as tea, spices, and paper.”可知，除了丝绸，还有茶叶、香料和纸张等商品被交易。A项“只有茶叶和香料”不完整；B项“思想和宗教”是文化交流的内容，不是商品；D项“只有纸张”不完整。故C项正确。 19.How did Buddhism spread to China? A. Through the Silk Road. B. By sea. C. Through war. D. From books. 【答案】A 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第二段第三句“For example, Buddhism came to China from India through the Silk Road.”可知，佛教通过丝绸之路传入中国。B项“通过海路”、C项“通过战争”、D项“通过书籍”均未提及。故A项正确。 20.What made traveling on the Silk Road dangerous? A. Short distances and good weather. B. Long distances, bad weather, and robbers. C. Only robbers. D. Only bad weather. 【答案】B 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第二段第四句“Traveling was very dangerous because of the long distances, bad weather, and robbers.”可知，长途跋涉、恶劣天气和强盗让丝绸之路的旅行变得危险。A项“短距离和好天气”与原文相反；C项“只有强盗”和D项“只有恶劣天气”均不完整。故B项正确。 （五） The Oxford English Dictionary (OED牛津英语字典) is one of the most famous dictionaries in the world. It is not just a list of words; it is a history of the English language. The first edition of the OED was published in 1884. It took over 70 years to complete. The project was started by the Philological Society of London, and many volunteers helped to collect words. The OED is special because it shows the history of how words have changed over time. For each word, it gives the different meanings it has had, and the earliest example of its use. The dictionary is updated regularly. Today, the OED is also available online, and new words are added every year, like “selfie” and “hashtag”. It is a living record of the English language. 21.What makes the OED different from other dictionaries? A. It only has new words. B. It is only available online. C. It shows the history of words. D. It is the smallest dictionary. 【答案】C 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第二段第一句“The OED is special because it shows the history of how words have changed over time.”可知，OED的特别之处在于它展示了单词的历史演变。A项“它只有新词”与原文不符；B项“它只在网上可用”与原文“Today, the OED is also available online”矛盾（也在线下出版）；D项“它是最小的词典”未提及。故C项正确。 22.When was the first edition of the OED published? A. In 1884. B. In the 19th century. C. Over 70 years ago. D. Every year. 【答案】A 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第一段第三句“The first edition of the OED was published in 1884.”可知，第一版于1884年出版。B项“19世纪”虽然正确，但不如A项具体；C项“70多年前”时间不准确（当前时间为2026年，距1884年已超过140年）；D项“每年”是更新频率，不是第一版出版时间。故A项正确。 23.Who helped to collect words for the first edition? A. Only the editors. B. The government. C. Many volunteers. D. The Queen of England. 【答案】C 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第一段最后一句“The project was started by the Philological Society of London, and many volunteers helped to collect words.”可知，许多志愿者帮助收集了词汇。A项“只有编辑”、B项“政府”、D项“英国女王”均与原文不符。故C项正确。 24.What does the word “selfie” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. A kind of book. B. A photo you take of yourself. C. A new language. D. A type of computer. 【答案】B 【详解】考查词义猜测。根据常识并结合上下文可知，“selfie”是一个现代词汇，意为“自拍照”。A项“一种书”、C项“一种新语言”、D项“一种电脑”均不符合该词的常见含义。故B项正确。 25.What can we infer from the passage? A. The OED will never change. B. The OED is a finished project. C. The OED is a living record of the language. D. The OED is only for scholars. 【答案】C 【详解】考查推理判断。根据原文第二段最后两句“The dictionary is updated regularly. ... It is a living record of the English language.”可知，OED定期更新，是英语语言的活记录。A项“永远不会改变”与“updated regularly”矛盾；B项“是一个已完成的项目”与不断更新矛盾；D项“只面向学者”未提及。故C项正确。 （六） The tradition of afternoon tea is a very British custom. It is said to have been started in the 1840s by a duchess named Anna. She felt hungry in the late afternoon between lunch and dinner, which was served very late. She asked for some tea, bread, and cake to be brought to her room. This became a habit, and she started to invite her friends to join her. Soon, the idea of afternoon tea became popular among upper-class women. It was a social event. They would drink tea, eat small sandwiches, cakes, and scones, and talk about the latest news. The tradition has changed over time, but it is still enjoyed in many places today. Modern tea rooms and hotels offer afternoon tea as a special treat for tourists and locals. 26.Who started the tradition of afternoon tea? A. A queen. B. A duchess named Anna. C. A famous chef. D. A group of workers. 【答案】B 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第一段第二句“It is said to have been started in the 1840s by a duchess named Anna.”可知，下午茶传统是由一位名叫安娜的公爵夫人开启的。A项“一位女王”、C项“一位著名厨师”、D项“一群工人”均与原文不符。故B项正确。 27.Why did the duchess start to have tea in the afternoon? A. Because she was thirsty. B. Because she was hungry between lunch and dinner. C. Because she wanted to meet her friends. D. Because she liked the taste of tea. 【答案】B 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第一段第三句“She felt hungry in the late afternoon between lunch and dinner, which was served very late.”可知，公爵夫人因为在午餐和晚餐之间感到饥饿而开始吃下午茶。A项“因为她口渴”、C项“因为她想见朋友”、D项“因为她喜欢茶的味道”均与原文不符。故B项正确。 28.What did the upper-class women do during afternoon tea? A. They only drank tea. B. They discussed business. C. They ate, drank, and talked. D. They played games. 【答案】C 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第二段第三句“They would drink tea, eat small sandwiches, cakes, and scones, and talk about the latest news.”可知，她们喝茶、吃点心并聊天。A项“只喝茶”不完整；B项“讨论生意”未提及；D项“玩游戏”未提及。故C项正确。 29.Where can we enjoy afternoon tea today? A. Only in rich people’s homes. B. Only in London. C. In tea rooms and hotels. D. Only in the 1840s. 【答案】C 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第二段最后一句“Modern tea rooms and hotels offer afternoon tea as a special treat for tourists and locals.”可知，今天我们可以在茶室和酒店享用到下午茶。A项“只在富人家”、B项“只在伦敦”、D项“只在19世纪40年代”均与原文不符。故C项正确。 30.The passage is mainly about ______. A. how to make tea B. the history of a British custom C. the life of a duchess D. different kinds of food 【答案】B 【详解】考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章讲述了英国下午茶传统的起源、发展以及现状， 因此文章主要介绍这一英国习俗的历史。A项“如何泡茶”、C项“一位公爵夫人的生活”、 D项“不同种类的食物”均不是文章主要内容。故B项正确。 （七） The development of the camera has changed the way we see the world. The first camera was invented in the 1830s. It was a large, heavy machine. Taking a picture was a slow and difficult process. You had to sit still for a long time, or the photo would be blurry. In the 20th century, cameras became smaller and easier to use. The invention of film made photography more popular. Then, in the 1990s, digital cameras appeared. They use memory cards instead of film. This made it possible to take hundreds of photos and see them immediately. Today, most people have cameras on their mobile phones. Taking pictures has become a part of everyday life. We can share our photos with the world in seconds. 31.What was the first camera like? A. It was small and light. B. It was large and heavy. C. It was digital. D. It was easy to use. 【答案】B 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第一段第二、三句“The first camera was invented in the 1830s. It was a large, heavy machine.”可知，第一台相机又大又重。A项“又小又轻”与原文相反；C项“数码的”是20世纪90年代的产品；D项“容易使用”与原文“slow and difficult process”矛盾。故B项正确。 32.Why did people have to sit still for a long time for early photos? A. Because the camera was very slow. B. Because they needed to rest. C. Because the film was expensive. D. Because the camera was small. 【答案】A 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第一段第四、五句“Taking a picture was a slow and difficult process. You had to sit still for a long time, or the photo would be blurry.”可知，因为拍照过程很慢，所以人们必须长时间静坐。B项“因为他们需要休息”、C项“因为胶卷很贵”、D项“因为相机很小”均未提及。故A项正确。 33.What is the advantage of digital cameras over film cameras? A. They are heavier. B. They are cheaper. C. They allow you to see photos immediately. D. They are slower. 【答案】C 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第三段第二、三句“Then, in the 1990s, digital cameras appeared. They use memory cards instead of film. This made it possible to take hundreds of photos and see them immediately.”可知，数码相机的优势是可以立即看到照片。A项“更重”与原文“smaller”矛盾；B项“更便宜”未提及；D项“更慢”与原文“immediately”矛盾。故C项正确。 34.Where can we find a camera today, according to the passage? A. Only in photo studios. B. Only in museums. C. On most mobile phones. D. Only in professional hands. 【答案】C 【详解】考查细节理解。根据原文最后一段第五句“Today, most people have cameras on their mobile phones.”可知，如今大多数人的手机上都有相机。A项“只在照相馆”、B项“只在博物馆”、D项“只在专业人士手中”均与原文不符。故C项正确。 35.The passage suggests that the development of the camera has ______. A. made photography difficult B. made photography expensive C. made photography a part of everyday life D. made photography unpopular 【答案】C 【详解】考查推理判断。根据原文最后一段最后两句“Taking pictures has become a part of everyday life. We can share our photos with the world in seconds.”可知，相机的发展使拍照成为日常生活的一部分。A项“使摄影变得困难”与原文“easier to use”矛盾；B项“使摄影变得昂贵”与原文“most people have cameras”矛盾；D项“使摄影变得不流行”与原文“popular”矛盾。故C项正确。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $