第58卷 完形填空4（议论文）-2027年内蒙古自治区（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦议论文完形填空，通过4篇典型议论文（每篇10空），强化逻辑衔接与词汇辨析能力，系统训练上下文语义理解与论证逻辑分析，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |议论文完形填空|4篇（污染/寂静/仆役/新年决心）|考查逻辑衔接、词汇辨析、上下文语义理解|围绕论点-论据-论证结构，通过语境推动词汇选择与逻辑推理，体现议论文严谨思维|

编写说明：【2027版】内蒙古自治区（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校公共基础课课程标准》及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是47份考点训练卷，第二部分是语音辨析、单项选择、完形填空、补全对话、阅读理解、句子改错、短语填空7大题型，以及微专题突破共38份专题训练卷，第三部分是15份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】内蒙古自治区（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》的第58卷，是议论文（完形填空第4卷）专项训练卷。 【2027版】内蒙古自治区（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》 第58卷 专项训练卷·完形填空4·议论文 考试时间：35分钟 满分：40分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、完形填空（每篇共10空，每空1分，共40分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项填入空白处。 (A) Pollution is the price we pay for an overpopulated, over-industrialized planet. When you come to think about it, there are only four ways you can deal with rubbish: dump it, burn it, turn it into something else, or try not to produce it. The first three methods are all harmful to the environment. The fourth method is the most (1) ______, but it is also the most difficult to achieve. However, there is another type of pollution that is becoming a serious problem in many cities: noise pollution. The noise from traffic, construction, and even from our neighbors can be very harmful. It can cause stress, hearing loss, and sleep problems. Many people are not even (2) ______ of how loud the noise around them is. A study was conducted in a big city to measure the noise levels in different areas. The results were very worrying. In some areas, the noise was so loud that it was considered dangerous to human health. The study found that the main source of noise was traffic. Cars, buses, and trucks produce a constant (3) ______ of sound that can be very disturbing. The problem of noise pollution is not easy to solve. There are many different sources of noise, and they are all part of modern life. One solution is to build sound walls along highways. These walls can help to (4) ______ the sound. Another solution is to use quieter machines and vehicles. However, these solutions are often expensive and not always effective. The most effective way to deal with noise pollution is to (5) ______ it at the source. This means making cars and other machines quieter. Car manufacturers are already working on this. They are developing new engines that produce less noise. Governments can also help by creating laws that (6) ______ the amount of noise that is allowed. Noise pollution is a serious problem, but it is not one that we have to accept. There are things we can do to reduce it. We can choose to live in quieter areas. We can use earplugs when we are in noisy places. We can also be more (7) ______ of the noise we make ourselves. By working together, we can create a quieter and more peaceful environment for everyone.But some people (8) ______ that complete silence is not the answer either. They argue that a certain level of noise is a sign of a lively and active society. The sound of children playing, people talking, and music playing all add to the (9) ______ of a city. The key, they say, is to find a balance between the noise of activity and the need for peace. This is a difficult (10) ______, but it is one that we must try to find. 1. A. effective　　　 B. difficult　　　 C. popular　　　 D. interesting 2. A. tired　　　 B. proud　　　 C. aware　　　 D. afraid 3. A. drop　　　 B. stream　　　 C. piece　　　 D. pair 4. A. increase　　　 B. produce　　　 C. block　　　 D. create 5. A. increase　　 　 B. reduce　　　 C. ignore　　　 D. accept 6. A. limit　　　 B. raise　　　 C. avoid　　　 D. encourage 7. A. aware　　　 B. proud　　　 C. afraid　　　 D. tired 8. A. agree　　　 B. argue　　　 C. forget　　　 D. remember 9. A. silence　　　 B. emptiness　　　C. excitement　　D. sadness 10. A. answer　　　 B. question　　　 C. balance　　　 D. problem (B) In the modern world, we are used to the constant noise of traffic, machines, and people. But what happens when you visit a place where there is no noise at all? I recently had a chance to experience such a place, and it was both wonderful and frightening. The village was deep in the mountains. When I arrived, I was immediately struck by the (1) ______. There was no sound of cars, no sound of people talking, and no sound of music. The only sound was the wind blowing through the trees. At first, this silence was very (2) ______. It felt like a heavy blanket had been placed over the world. But as the hours passed, the silence began to feel (3) ______. I started to notice every small sound: the creaking of a door, the rustling of leaves. My mind began to play tricks on me. I imagined that I could hear voices and footsteps, but when I looked, there was no one there. The silence was no longer peaceful; it was (4) ______.I started to think about why we need noise. Noise is a sign of life. It tells us that other people are around. It makes us feel (5) ______. In the complete silence of the village, I felt completely alone. I realized that our modern world, with all its noise, is a world of (6) ______. We are never truly alone.The villagers, however, seemed to (7) ______ the silence. They moved slowly and spoke in whispers. They had learned to live with the quiet. For them, the silence was not something to be feared, but something to be (8) ______. They used the quiet to think, to read, and to spend time with their families.I left the village after a few days. When I returned to the city, the noise of the traffic was a (9) ______. It was loud and busy, but it was also a sign that I was back in the world of people. I had learned a valuable lesson: silence is a precious thing, but it is not something that everyone can (10) ______. It is a double-edged sword, bringing both peace and fear. 1. A. noise　　　 B. silence　　　 C. darkness　　　 D. coldness 2. A. annoying　　　 B. relaxing　　　 C. frightening　　 D. exciting 3. A. comfortable　　 B. natural　　　 C. strange　　　 D. familiar 4. A. peaceful　　　 B. quiet　　　 C. terrifying　　　D. pleasant 5. A. lonely　　　 B. safe　　　 C. angry　　　 D. bored 6. A. loneliness　　　 B. company　　　C. danger　　 　 D. trouble 7. A. hate　　　 B. fear　　　 C. enjoy　　　 D. avoid 8. A. hated　　　 B. feared　　　 C. valued　　　 D. ignored 9. A. problem　　　 B. relief　　　 C. failure　　　 D. burden 10. A. hear　　　 B. make　　　 C. handle　　　 D. create (C) The subject of domestic servants has always been a source of interesting discussion. In the past, it was common for wealthy families to have a large number of servants who did everything from cooking to cleaning. Today, however, this is a very rare situation. The question is: was it a good thing?On the one hand, having a servant was a great (1) ______. It allowed the wealthy to have a lot of free time. They could spend their time on art, travel, or simply doing nothing. The servant took care of all the (2) ______ tasks of daily life. This system was also a source of jobs for many people. It provided income and housing for those who might not have had other (3) ______. On the other hand, the system of domestic service was far from perfect. It created a very strong (4) ______ between the rich and the poor. The servant was often treated as a second-class citizen. They had very little personal freedom and were often expected to work long hours for very little pay. The relationship between master and servant was often one of (5) ______, not of mutual respect. Many people argue that it is good that domestic servants have become a (6) ______. They believe that no person should be in a position of serving another. They argue that domestic work should be a matter of choice and professional contract, not of social (7) ______. In a modern society, everyone should be treated with dignity and respect.However, others argue that the loss of the servant class has created new problems. Many people, especially working parents, now find it very difficult to manage both their work and their home. They are (8) ______ by the demands of daily life. The time and energy they spend on cleaning, cooking, and childcare is time they cannot spend on their careers or their hobbies. The truth is probably somewhere in between. The old system of domestic service was clearly (9) ______, but it also provided a useful service. The modern world has given us more equality, but it has also given us more stress. The ideal solution might be a system where domestic help is available, but only on a fair and professional (10) ______. This would allow people to get the help they need, without the social inequality of the past. 1. A. burden　　　 B. luxury　　　 C. problem　　　 D. duty 2. A. pleasant　　　 B. creative　　　 C. boring　　　 D. exciting 3. A. ideas　　　 B. chances　　　 C. problems　　　D. reasons 4. A. friendship　　　 B. equality　　　 C. division　　　 D. understanding 5. A. love　　　 B. power　　　 C. kindness　　　D. cooperation 6. A. fashion　　　 B. rarity　　　 C. success　　　 D. failure 7. A. duty　　　 B. choice　　　 C. pleasure　　　 D. contract 8. A. helped　　　 B. supported　　　C. overwhelmed　D. excited 9. A. fair　　　 B. equal　　　 C. unfair　　　 D. perfect 10.A. basis　　　 B. top　　　 C. bottom　　　 D. side (D) The New Year is a time for making resolutions. Every year, millions of people promise themselves that they will change their lives. They will lose weight, they will learn a new skill, or they will be a better person. But why do so many of these resolutions (1) ______?The problem is that we often make resolutions that are too ambitious. We set goals that are very high and very difficult to achieve. When we do not achieve them, we feel (2) ______ and give up. We also try to change too many things at once. We decide to start a new diet, a new exercise program, and a new hobby all at the same time. This is too much for most people to (3) ______.Another problem is that we often do not have a good plan. We say, “I will lose weight,” but we do not say how we will do it. We need a (4) ______ plan with small, achievable steps. For example, instead of saying “I will lose weight,” we could say “I will walk for 30 minutes every day.” This is a much more (5) ______ goal.Our environment also plays a big role in our success. If we want to stop eating junk food, but our kitchen is full of it, we will find it very hard to succeed. We need to change our (6) ______ to support our goals. If we want to read more, we should put a book on our bedside table. If we want to exercise more, we should keep our sports shoes by the door.The most important thing is to be (7) ______. We will not change our lives overnight. There will be days when we fail. We might eat a piece of cake, or we might skip a workout. This is not a reason to give up. We should accept our mistakes and try again the next day. The key to success is not to be perfect, but to be (8) ______.Many people also make the mistake of keeping their resolutions to themselves. They are afraid of (9) ______ if they fail. But sharing our goals with others can be very helpful. Our friends and family can encourage us and help us stay on track. They can also celebrate our successes with us, which makes the whole process more (10) ______.So, next time you make a New Year’s resolution, remember to be realistic, make a plan, change your environment, be patient, and share your goals with others. It is not easy, but it is possible. Good luck! 1. A. succeed　　　 B. fail　　　 C. change　　　 D. start 2. A. happy　　　 B. proud　　　 C. discouraged　　　 D. excited 3. A. handle　　　 B. ignore　　　 C. avoid　　　 D. forget 4. A. vague　　　 B. general　　　 C. specific　　　 D. simple 5. A. difficult　　　 B. impossible　　 C. achievable　　　 D. boring 6. A. attitude　　　 B. environment　　C. schedule　　　 D. habit 7. A. impatient　　　 B. patient　　　 C. careless　　　 D. confident 8. A. lazy　　　 B. persistent　　　C. weak　　　 D. perfect 9. A. shame　　　 B. pride　　　 C. joy　　　 D. surprise 10.A. difficult　　　 B. boring　　　 C. lonely　　　 D. enjoyable 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：【2027版】内蒙古自治区（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校公共基础课课程标准》及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是47份考点训练卷，第二部分是语音辨析、单项选择、完形填空、补全对话、阅读理解、句子改错、短语填空7大题型，以及微专题突破共38份专题训练卷，第三部分是15份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】内蒙古自治区（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》的第58卷，是议论文（完形填空第4卷）专项训练卷。 【2027版】内蒙古自治区（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》 第58卷 专项训练卷·完形填空4·议论文 考试时间：35分钟 满分：40分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、完形填空（每篇共10空，每空1分，共40分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项填入空白处。 (A) Pollution is the price we pay for an overpopulated, over-industrialized planet. When you come to think about it, there are only four ways you can deal with rubbish: dump it, burn it, turn it into something else, or try not to produce it. The first three methods are all harmful to the environment. The fourth method is the most (1) ______, but it is also the most difficult to achieve. However, there is another type of pollution that is becoming a serious problem in many cities: noise pollution. The noise from traffic, construction, and even from our neighbors can be very harmful. It can cause stress, hearing loss, and sleep problems. Many people are not even (2) ______ of how loud the noise around them is. A study was conducted in a big city to measure the noise levels in different areas. The results were very worrying. In some areas, the noise was so loud that it was considered dangerous to human health. The study found that the main source of noise was traffic. Cars, buses, and trucks produce a constant (3) ______ of sound that can be very disturbing. The problem of noise pollution is not easy to solve. There are many different sources of noise, and they are all part of modern life. One solution is to build sound walls along highways. These walls can help to (4) ______ the sound. Another solution is to use quieter machines and vehicles. However, these solutions are often expensive and not always effective. The most effective way to deal with noise pollution is to (5) ______ it at the source. This means making cars and other machines quieter. Car manufacturers are already working on this. They are developing new engines that produce less noise. Governments can also help by creating laws that (6) ______ the amount of noise that is allowed. Noise pollution is a serious problem, but it is not one that we have to accept. There are things we can do to reduce it. We can choose to live in quieter areas. We can use earplugs when we are in noisy places. We can also be more (7) ______ of the noise we make ourselves. By working together, we can create a quieter and more peaceful environment for everyone.But some people (8) ______ that complete silence is not the answer either. They argue that a certain level of noise is a sign of a lively and active society. The sound of children playing, people talking, and music playing all add to the (9) ______ of a city. The key, they say, is to find a balance between the noise of activity and the need for peace. This is a difficult (10) ______, but it is one that we must try to find. 1.A. effective　　　 B. difficult　　　 C. popular　　　 D. interesting 【答案】A 【详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“第四种方法是最有效的，但也是最难实现的。”前文提到前三种方法对环境有害，因此第四种方法（尽量不产生垃圾）是最有效的（effective）。B项difficult意为“困难的”，与后文重复；C项popular意为“受欢迎的”；D项interesting意为“有趣的”，均不符合“最有效”的上下文逻辑。故A项正确。 2.A. tired　　　 B. proud　　　 C. aware　　　 D. afraid 【答案】C 【详解】 考查固定搭配与形容词词义辨析。句意为“许多人甚至没有意识到周围的噪音有多大。”be aware of意为“意识到”，符合语境。A项tired of意为“厌倦”；B项proud of意为“以……为傲”；D项afraid of意为“害怕”，均不符合“没有意识到”的含义。故C项正确。 3.A. drop　　　 B. stream　　　 C. piece　　　 D. pair 【答案】B 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意为“汽车、公交车和卡车产生持续不断的声音流，非常烦人。”a constant stream of意为“持续不断的一股（流）”，形容连续不断的声音。A项drop意为“滴”；C项piece意为“片”；D项pair意为“双”，均不符合对连续声音的描述。故B项正确。 4.A. increase　　　 B. produce　　　 C. block　　　 D. create 【答案】C 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意为“这些墙可以帮助阻挡声音。”block意为“阻挡，挡住”，符合隔音墙的功能。A项increase意为“增加”；B项produce意为“生产”；D项create意为“创造”，均与隔音的目的相反。故C项正确。 5.A. increase　　　 B. reduce　　　 C. ignore　　　 D. accept 【答案】B 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意为“处理噪音污染最有效的方法是从源头减少它。”reduce意为“减少”，符合降低噪音的逻辑。A项increase意为“增加”；C项ignore意为“忽视”；D项accept意为“接受”，均与治理噪音的目标相反。故B项正确。 6.A. limit　　　 B. raise　　　 C. avoid　　　 D. encourage 【答案】A 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意为“政府也可以通过制定法律来限制允许的噪音量。”limit意为“限制”，符合法律控制噪音的目的。B项raise意为“提高”；C项avoid意为“避免”；D项encourage意为“鼓励”，均与法律限制噪音的意图不符。故A项正确。 7.A. aware　　　 B. proud　　　 C. afraid　　　 D. tired 【答案】A 【详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“我们也可以更加注意自己制造的噪音。”be aware of意为“意识到，注意”，符合语境。B项proud of意为“以……为傲”；C项afraid of意为“害怕”；D项tired of意为“厌倦”，均不符合注意自身行为的含义。故A项正确。 8.A. agree　　　 B. argue　　　 C. forget　　　 D. remember 【答案】B 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意为“但有些人争辩说，完全的沉默也不是答案。”argue意为“争辩，主张”，后文提出相反观点，符合议论文的论证逻辑。A项agree意为“同意”；C项forget意为“忘记”；D项remember意为“记得”，均不符合提出相反观点的语境。故B项正确。 9.A. silence　　　 B. emptiness　　　 C. excitement　　　D. sadness 【答案】C 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意为“孩子们玩耍的声音、人们交谈的声音和音乐声都为城市增添了活力。”excitement意为“兴奋，活力”，符合“lively and active society”的描述。A项silence意为“沉默”；B项emptiness意为“空虚”；D项sadness意为“悲伤”，均与“活跃”的语境矛盾。故C项正确。 10.A. answer　　　 B. question　　　 C. balance　　　 D. problem 【答案】C 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意为“这是一个艰难的平衡，但我们必须努力找到它。”前文提到“find a balance between...”，因此此处应指这个balance（平衡）。A项answer意为“答案”；B项question意为“问题”；D项problem意为“问题”，均与“平衡”的语境不符。故C项正确。 (B) In the modern world, we are used to the constant noise of traffic, machines, and people. But what happens when you visit a place where there is no noise at all? I recently had a chance to experience such a place, and it was both wonderful and frightening. The village was deep in the mountains. When I arrived, I was immediately struck by the (1) ______. There was no sound of cars, no sound of people talking, and no sound of music. The only sound was the wind blowing through the trees. At first, this silence was very (2) ______. It felt like a heavy blanket had been placed over the world. But as the hours passed, the silence began to feel (3) ______. I started to notice every small sound: the creaking of a door, the rustling of leaves. My mind began to play tricks on me. I imagined that I could hear voices and footsteps, but when I looked, there was no one there. The silence was no longer peaceful; it was (4) ______.I started to think about why we need noise. Noise is a sign of life. It tells us that other people are around. It makes us feel (5) ______. In the complete silence of the village, I felt completely alone. I realized that our modern world, with all its noise, is a world of (6) ______. We are never truly alone.The villagers, however, seemed to (7) ______ the silence. They moved slowly and spoke in whispers. They had learned to live with the quiet. For them, the silence was not something to be feared, but something to be (8) ______. They used the quiet to think, to read, and to spend time with their families.I left the village after a few days. When I returned to the city, the noise of the traffic was a (9) ______. It was loud and busy, but it was also a sign that I was back in the world of people. I had learned a valuable lesson: silence is a precious thing, but it is not something that everyone can (10) ______. It is a double-edged sword, bringing both peace and fear. 1.A. noise　　　 B. silence　　　 C. darkness　　　 D. coldness 【答案】B 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意为“到达时，我立刻被寂静所震撼。”后文描述“没有汽车声、没有人声、没有音乐声”，强调的是一种寂静（silence）。A项noise意为“噪音”；C项darkness意为“黑暗”；D项coldness意为“寒冷”，均不符合前后文关于声音的描述。故B项正确。 2.A. annoying　　　B. relaxing　　C. frightening　　　 D. exciting 【答案】B 【详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“起初，这寂静非常令人放松。”后文用“like a heavy blanket”比喻，通常毯子带来舒适感，因此是relaxing（令人放松的）。A项annoying意为“烦人的”；C项frightening意为“吓人的”；D项exciting意为“令人兴奋的”，均与“heavy blanket”的比喻不符。故B项正确。 3.A. comfortable　　B. natural　　　 C. strange　　　 D. familiar 【答案】C 【详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“但随着时间的推移，寂静开始变得奇怪。”后文提到“mind began to play tricks”，说明感觉变得异样，因此是strange（奇怪的）。A项comfortable意为“舒适的”；B项natural意为“自然的”；D项familiar意为“熟悉的”，均与后文“幻觉”的语境不符。故C项正确。 4.A. peaceful　　　B. quiet　　　 C. terrifying　　　 D. pleasant 【答案】C 【详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“寂静不再宁静，而是令人恐惧。”根据前文“mind began to play tricks”和“imagined voices”，说明寂静变得可怕，因此是terrifying（令人恐惧的）。A项peaceful意为“宁静的”；B项quiet意为“安静的”；D项pleasant意为“令人愉快的”，均与“恐惧”的语境矛盾。故C项正确。 5.A. lonely　　　 B. safe　　　 C. angry　　　 D. bored 【答案】B 【详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“它（噪音）让我们感到安全。”噪音是生命的标志，有人的存在让人感到安全（safe）。A项lonely意为“孤独的”；C项angry意为“生气的”；D项bored意为“无聊的”，均不符合“sign of life”带来的感受。故B项正确。 6.A. loneliness　　　B. company　　C. danger　　　D. trouble 【答案】 B 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意为“我意识到我们充满噪音的现代世界是一个充满陪伴的世界。”company意为“陪伴”，与“never truly alone”呼应。A项loneliness意为“孤独”；C项danger意为“危险”；D项trouble意为“麻烦”，均与“有陪伴”的语境相反。故B项正确。 7.A. hate　　　 B. fear　　　 C. enjoy　　　 D. avoid 【答案】C 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意为“然而，村民们似乎很享受这种寂静。”后文提到他们“moved slowly and spoke in whispers”，说明他们适应并享受寂静，因此是enjoy（享受）。A项hate意为“讨厌”；B项fear意为“害怕”；D项avoid意为“避免”，均与后文描述不符。故C项正确。 8.A. hated　　　 B. feared　　　 C. valued　　　 D. ignored 【答案】C 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意为“对他们来说，寂静不是要害怕的东西，而是要珍惜的东西。”valued意为“珍惜，重视”，符合村民对寂静的态度。A项hated意为“讨厌”；B项feared意为“害怕”；D项ignored意为“忽视”，均与“not something to be feared”的积极态度矛盾。故C项正确。 9.A. problem　　　 B. relief　　　 C. failure　　　 D. burden 【答案】B 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意为“当我回到城市，交通噪音成了一种解脱。”relief意为“解脱，宽慰”，与后文“a sign that I was back in the world of people”呼应，说明噪音让他感到重回人类社会。A项problem意为“问题”；C项failure意为“失败”；D项burden意为“负担”，均与“回到人群”的积极感受不符。故B项正确。 10.A. hear　　　 B. make　　　 C. handle　　　 D. create 【答案】C 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意为“寂静是珍贵的东西，但并非每个人都能应对。”handle意为“应对，处理”，符合对寂静这种双刃剑的态度。A项hear意为“听到”；B项make意为“制造”；D项create意为“创造”，均不符合“应对双刃剑”的语境。故C项正确。 (C) The subject of domestic servants has always been a source of interesting discussion. In the past, it was common for wealthy families to have a large number of servants who did everything from cooking to cleaning. Today, however, this is a very rare situation. The question is: was it a good thing?On the one hand, having a servant was a great (1) ______. It allowed the wealthy to have a lot of free time. They could spend their time on art, travel, or simply doing nothing. The servant took care of all the (2) ______ tasks of daily life. This system was also a source of jobs for many people. It provided income and housing for those who might not have had other (3) ______. On the other hand, the system of domestic service was far from perfect. It created a very strong (4) ______ between the rich and the poor. The servant was often treated as a second-class citizen. They had very little personal freedom and were often expected to work long hours for very little pay. The relationship between master and servant was often one of (5) ______, not of mutual respect. Many people argue that it is good that domestic servants have become a (6) ______. They believe that no person should be in a position of serving another. They argue that domestic work should be a matter of choice and professional contract, not of social (7) ______. In a modern society, everyone should be treated with dignity and respect.However, others argue that the loss of the servant class has created new problems. Many people, especially working parents, now find it very difficult to manage both their work and their home. They are (8) ______ by the demands of daily life. The time and energy they spend on cleaning, cooking, and childcare is time they cannot spend on their careers or their hobbies. The truth is probably somewhere in between. The old system of domestic service was clearly (9) ______, but it also provided a useful service. The modern world has given us more equality, but it has also given us more stress. The ideal solution might be a system where domestic help is available, but only on a fair and professional (10) ______. This would allow people to get the help they need, without the social inequality of the past. 1.A. burden　　　 B. luxury　　　 C. problem　　　D. duty 【答案】B 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意为“一方面，拥有仆人是一种极大的奢侈。”luxury意为“奢侈”，与前文“wealthy families”和“free time”对应，说明这是富人的特权。A项burden意为“负担”；C项problem意为“问题”；D项duty意为“职责”，均不符合“享受自由时间”的积极描述。故B项正确。 2.A. pleasant　　　 B. creative　　　 C. boring　　　 D. exciting 【答案】C 【详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“仆人承担了日常生活中所有乏味的任务。”boring意为“乏味的”，符合家务劳动的特点。A项pleasant意为“令人愉快的”；B项creative意为“有创造力的”；D项exciting意为“令人兴奋的”，均不符合家务劳动的性质。故C项正确。 3.A. ideas　　　 B. chances　　　 C. problems　　 D. reasons 【答案】B 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意为“它为那些可能没有其他机会的人提供了收入和住房。”chances意为“机会”，符合提供就业机会的语境。A项ideas意为“主意”；C项problems意为“问题”；D项reasons意为“原因”，均不符合“提供收入和工作”的含义。故B项正确。 4.A. friendship　　　B. equality　　　 C. division　　　 D. understanding 【答案】C 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意为“它在富人和穷人之间制造了强烈的分裂。”division意为“分裂，分化”，符合主仆制度造成的社会阶层对立。A项friendship意为“友谊”；B项equality意为“平等”；D项understanding意为“理解”，均与“far from perfect”的负面评价矛盾。故C项正确。 5.A. love　　　 B. power　　　 C. kindness　　　 D. cooperation 【答案】B 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意为“主人和仆人之间的关系往往是权力关系，而非相互尊重。”power意为“权力”，符合主仆之间不平等的权力关系。A项love意为“爱”；C项kindness意为“善意”；D项cooperation意为“合作”，均与“not of mutual respect”的语境不符。故B项正确。 6.A. fashion　　　 B. rarity　　　 C. success　　　 D. failure 【答案】B 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意为“许多人认为，家庭仆人变得罕见是件好事。”rarity意为“罕见，稀有”，符合当今家庭仆人不再普遍的现象。A项fashion意为“时尚”；C项success意为“成功”；D项failure意为“失败”，均不符合“不再常见”的描述。故B项正确。 7.A. duty　　　 B. choice　　　 C. pleasure　　　 D. contract 【答案】A 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意为“他们认为家务劳动应该是个人选择和职业合同的问题，而不是社会义务的问题。”duty意为“义务，责任”，与“choice and professional contract”形成对比，强调不应是强制性的社会责任。B项choice意为“选择”；C项pleasure意为“快乐”；D项contract意为“合同”，均无法与“社会”构成合理的对比关系。故A项正确。 8.A. helped　　　 B. supported　　　 C. overwhelmed　　 D. excited 【答案】C 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意为“他们被日常生活的需求压得喘不过气来。”overwhelmed意为“不堪重负，被压倒”，符合后文“时间精力无法用于事业和爱好”的困境。A项helped意为“帮助”；B项supported意为“支持”；D项excited意为“兴奋”，均与“困难”的语境矛盾。故C项正确。 9.A. fair　　　 B. equal　　　 C. unfair　　　 D. perfect 【答案】 C 【详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“旧的佣人制度显然是不公平的，但它也提供了有用的服务。”根据前文对“不平等”的描述，应用unfair（不公平的）。A项fair意为“公平的”；B项equal意为“平等的”；D项perfect意为“完美的”，均与文章前半部分的批评态度矛盾。故C项正确。 10.A. basis　　　 B. top　　　 C. bottom　　　 D. side 【答案】A 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意为“理想的解决方案可能是建立一个家务帮助可用的系统，但只建立在公平和专业的基础上。”on a... basis意为“在……基础上”，是固定搭配。B项top意为“顶部”；C项bottom意为“底部”；D项side意为“侧面”，均不符合搭配。故A项正确。 (D) The New Year is a time for making resolutions. Every year, millions of people promise themselves that they will change their lives. They will lose weight, they will learn a new skill, or they will be a better person. But why do so many of these resolutions (1) ______?The problem is that we often make resolutions that are too ambitious. We set goals that are very high and very difficult to achieve. When we do not achieve them, we feel (2) ______ and give up. We also try to change too many things at once. We decide to start a new diet, a new exercise program, and a new hobby all at the same time. This is too much for most people to (3) ______.Another problem is that we often do not have a good plan. We say, “I will lose weight,” but we do not say how we will do it. We need a (4) ______ plan with small, achievable steps. For example, instead of saying “I will lose weight,” we could say “I will walk for 30 minutes every day.” This is a much more (5) ______ goal.Our environment also plays a big role in our success. If we want to stop eating junk food, but our kitchen is full of it, we will find it very hard to succeed. We need to change our (6) ______ to support our goals. If we want to read more, we should put a book on our bedside table. If we want to exercise more, we should keep our sports shoes by the door.The most important thing is to be (7) ______. We will not change our lives overnight. There will be days when we fail. We might eat a piece of cake, or we might skip a workout. This is not a reason to give up. We should accept our mistakes and try again the next day. The key to success is not to be perfect, but to be (8) ______.Many people also make the mistake of keeping their resolutions to themselves. They are afraid of (9) ______ if they fail. But sharing our goals with others can be very helpful. Our friends and family can encourage us and help us stay on track. They can also celebrate our successes with us, which makes the whole process more (10) ______.So, next time you make a New Year’s resolution, remember to be realistic, make a plan, change your environment, be patient, and share your goals with others. It is not easy, but it is possible. Good luck! 1.A. succeed　　　B. fail　　　C. change　　　 D. start 【答案】B 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意为“但为什么这么多决心都失败了呢？”文章后文讨论的是决心失败的原因，因此应用fail（失败）。A项succeed意为“成功”；C项change意为“改变”；D项start意为“开始”，均与后文讨论失败原因的语境不符。故B项正确。 2.A. happy　　　B. proud　　　C. discouraged　　　D. excited 【答案】C 【详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“当我们没有实现它们时，我们会感到气馁并放弃。”discouraged意为“气馁的，沮丧的”，符合未达目标后的负面情绪。A项happy意为“高兴的”；B项proud意为“自豪的”；D项excited意为“兴奋的”，均与“give up”的负面结果矛盾。故C项正确。 3.A. handle　　　B. ignore　　　C. avoid　　　 D. forget 【答案】A 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意为“这对大多数人来说太多了，难以应付。”handle意为“处理，应对”，符合同时进行多项改变带来的压力。B项ignore意为“忽视”；C项avoid意为“避免”；D项forget意为“忘记”，均不符合“难以承受”的语境。故A项正确。 4.A. vague　　　B. general　　　C. specific　　　 D. simple 【答案】C 【详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“我们需要一个具体的计划，包含小的、可实现的步骤。”specific意为“具体的”，与后文“walk for 30 minutes every day”的明确描述对应。A项vague意为“模糊的”；B项general意为“笼统的”；D项simple意为“简单的”，均不符合“有明确步骤”的要求。故C项正确。 5.A. difficult　　B. impossible　　C. achievable　　　D. boring 【答案】C 【详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“这是一个更容易实现的目标。”achievable意为“可实现的”，与“small, achievable steps”呼应。A项difficult意为“困难的”；B项impossible意为“不可能的”；D项boring意为“无聊的”，均与“更容易实现”的积极语境矛盾。故C项正确。 6.A. attitude　　　B. environment　　C. schedule　　　D. habit 【答案】B 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意为“我们需要改变我们的环境来支持我们的目标。”后文举例“把书放在床头柜上”“把运动鞋放在门口”，都是改变环境（environment）的例子。A项attitude意为“态度”；C项schedule意为“时间表”；D项habit意为“习惯”，均不符合“改变物理空间”的语境。故B项正确。 7.A. impatient　　B. patient　　　 C. careless　　　D. confident 【答案】B 【详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“最重要的事情是要有耐心。”后文提到“不会一夜之间改变生活”“会有失败的日子”，说明需要耐心（patient）。A项impatient意为“不耐烦的”；C项careless意为“粗心的”；D项confident意为“自信的”，均不符合“接受失败并继续努力”的语境。故B项正确。 8.A. lazy　　　 B. persistent　　C. weak　　　 D. perfect 【答案】B 【详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“成功的关键不是完美，而是坚持不懈。”persistent意为“坚持的，执着的”，符合“接受错误并继续尝试”的精神。A项lazy意为“懒惰的”；C项weak意为“软弱的”；D项perfect意为“完美的”，均与“继续努力”的语境矛盾。故B项正确。 9.A. shame　　　 B. pride　　　 C. joy　　　 D. surprise 【答案】A 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意为“他们害怕失败后的羞耻。”shame意为“羞耻，羞愧”，符合害怕失败被人知道的心理。B项pride意为“骄傲”；C项joy意为“快乐”；D项surprise意为“惊讶”，均不符合“害怕失败”的负面情绪。故A项正确。 10.A. difficult　　　B. boring　　　C. lonely　　　D. enjoyable 【答案】D 【详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“这会使整个过程更加愉快。”enjoyable意为“令人愉快的”，与“celebrate our successes”的积极结果呼应。A项difficult意为“困难的”；B项boring意为“无聊的”；C项lonely意为“孤独的”，均与庆祝成功的积极氛围矛盾。故D项正确。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $