第72卷 阅读6（说明文）-【2027版】四川省（高职单招）《英语考纲百套卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文阅读专项突破，通过4篇不同主题文本（历史、人物、社会现象、生活建议）的20道题，系统训练信息定位与整合能力，契合高职单招考纲要求。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |说明文阅读|20题（4篇）|以细节理解（7题）、主旨归纳（4题）、推理判断（5题）、词义猜测（4题）为主|按说明文文体特征（时间顺序、因果关系、观点论证）组织信息，考查语言理解能力与思维品质，强化从文本中提取、分析和评价信息的逻辑链条|

编写说明：【2027版】四川省（高职单招）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及四川省高职单招历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是50份考点训练卷，按照高、中、低三个考频规划。第二部分是单项填空、语言应用、阅读理解、翻译等35份专题训练卷。第三部分是15份不同难度等级的综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】四川省（高职单招）《英语考纲百套卷》的第72卷，是阅读6（说明文）。 【2027版】四川省（高职单招）《英语考纲百套卷》 第72卷 专题训练卷·阅读6（说明文） 考试时间：35分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、阅读理解（本大题共20小题，每小题5分，共100分）阅读下列短文，从A.B.C.D四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。 文章1: Do you like eating ice cream? Do you know how ice cream spread in the world? The earliest ice was eaten in China many years ago. People put fruit juice into ice. Later, this idea spread to Italy. Nero, the emperor of Roma between 54 A.D. and 68 A.D., liked to eat ice between violin lessons. He ordered runners to run to the mountains, get snow and quickly run back to the palace. The snow was mixed with fruit juice and honey. Around 1660, coffee shops serving ice cream were very popular in Paris. Most of the coffee shops were owned by Italians. The first successful one was opened by a man from Italy named Francesco Procopio. Ice cream was probably brought to America in the early 1700s and it quickly became the favorite of American presidents. George Washington had ice cream machines in his kitchen. Dolly Madison, the wife of President Madison, was the first one to serve her guests ice cream in the White House. Before ice cream was sold in stores, it was made and frozen (冷冻) at home. It took lots of work to mix cream, eggs, fruit, ice and salt, and then to freeze it. Nancy Johnson, an American woman made the hand‑turned ice cream freezer in 1846. Five years later, Jacob Flusell opened the first ice cream business in Baltimore, Maryland. His business quickly spread to other states. 1. People in China ate ice with ____ many years ago. A. cream B. coffee C. fruit juice D. eggs and salt 2. From the passage we know that Francesco Procopio ____. A. was a Frenchman B. made an ice cream machine C. opened the first ice cream shop in Paris D. opened the first successful coffee shop serving ice cream in Paris 3. We can learn from the passage that Dolly Madison ____. A. brought ice cream to America B. was once the president of America C. opened the first ice cream business in Baltimore D. was the first one to serve the guests ice cream in the White House 4. How did ice cream spread in the world? A. China—Italy—France—America. B. China—France—America—Italy. C. Italy—China—France—America. D. America—France—Italy—China. 5. The passage mainly talks about ____. A. how to make ice cream B. the history of ice cream C. why people like eating ice cream D. ice cream shops around the world 文章2: October 1, 2019, was the Chinese National Day, our country’s 70th birthday. China is becoming stronger and richer. Many Chinese people once worked hard to make it happen. Who are they? Let’s have a look. 【Yu Min, 1926—2019】 On June 17, 1967, China tested its first hydrogen bomb (氢弹). It was a big success in China’s nuclear development. Yu put all his heart into this test. It took China only two years and eight months to do that. It was a big surprise to the world! 【Shen Jilan, 1929—2020】 Shen is a great farmer in a village in Shanxi Province. She works hard to make Chinese farmers’ life better in her life. She thought women and men should get the same pay for the same work. She was a deputy to the NPC (人大代表). Her idea was written in China’s first constitution (宪法) in 1954. 【Yuan Longping, 1930—2021】 Yuan is a great scientist. He is the first one in the world to develop a kind of hybrid rice. His studies have helped farmers in China and other parts of the world to have more rice to eat. 【Tu Youyou, 1930—present】 Tu Youyou is known for winning the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2015. She is the first one to find a kind of medicine to treat malaria, a serious disease. Her finding can save many people’s lives. 6. Who plays an important role in our country’s nuclear development? A. Yu Min. B. Shen Jilan. C. Yuan Longping. D. Tu Youyou. 7. What do we know about Shen Jilan? A. She once won the Nobel Prize for Medicine. B. She is a great scientist from Shanxi Province. C. She was born in the same year as Yuan Longping. D. She thought women should get the same pay as men. 8. What do you think of Tu Youyou’s finding? A. It can make our country stronger. B. It can give farmers more rice to eat. C. It can save a lot of people’s lives. D. It can help farmers make more money. 9. What is the RIGHT order for four persons’ description? a. Deputy to the NPC  b. “Father of hybrid rice” c. Medical scientist  d. Nuclear scientist A. d‑b‑a‑c B. d‑a‑b‑c C. d‑a‑c‑b D. d‑c‑b‑a 10. Where can we read this passage? A. In a movie poster. B. In a newspaper. C. In a scientific experiment. D. In a sports magazine. 文章3: “A lie can travel halfway around the world before the truth can get its boots on,” said Mark Twain. In today’s Internet world of “fake news”, lies spread even faster and the truth is having trouble finding its boots. To make matters worse, most young people get news from social media sites where facts are mixed with rumors (谣言), half‑truths and complete lies. This has led to young people becoming confused. In the latest PISA, which tested 15‑year‑olds worldwide on academic subjects, fewer than one in ten of the examinees were reported to be able to recognize fact from opinion. A Stanford University study showed that students at all levels of education could not tell real news from fake news. In one instance, 80 percent thought that a paid advertisement was a real news story. Fake news is spread by people who have a prejudice (偏见). They want to influence public opinion either for or against something or someone. It is important, then, for young people to recognize and to be doubtful about online information. Traditional media, such as newspapers and television, are still the more credible sources of information. Reporters are professionally trained to look for facts, and editors are responsible for making sure those facts are correct. However, if you are getting most of your information online, you have to be your own editor. In that case, the first thing to do is to look at the writer of a post. Is this person known to be objective? Does the site where you read the post have a prejudice? Next, look for other sources from mainstream media to identify the information. In other words, by putting on your truth boots you won’t be fooled into chasing lies. 11. Who said that “A lie can travel halfway around the world before the truth can get its boots on”? A. Mark Twain. B. Young People. C. George. D. Bush. 12. What does the writer say about young people with news around? A. They make fake news and spread it. B. They are easily fooled by fake news. C. They get worried about their education. D. They can recognize facts from opinions. 13. What does the underlined word “credible” in the last paragraph mean? A. Primary. B. Realistic. C. Believable. D. Important. 14. If you are getting most of your information online, you have to ____. A. spread these information B. look at the writer of a post C. look for other sources from mainstream media to identify the information D. both B and C 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. What Should a Reporter Do? B. Who Makes and Spreads Fake News? C. How Can We Become a Newspaper Editor? D. How Can We Stay Objective in Reading News? 文章4: Saving money gives you freedom. If you have enough saving, you may be able to give up your job. I know a couple who had saved up enough money so that they were able to leave their jobs for a year, and travel across the country. You could see the wonderful experiences they had because they were able to enjoy that time together. Saving money is improving your future life. It is important to realize that by saving money now you will be able to do so many more things in your later years. You can retire early and spend time traveling around the world. By saving money now, you will be able to do as many things as you like and enjoy a good life. Saving money will bring you peace of mind. Every dollar that you have in the bank is a dollar, which stands between you and disaster. People who have savings are not worried when a car breaks down, or someone becomes sick. They know that they will be okay if they lose a job, and it takes time to find a new one. Saving money sets an example to your children. By teaching your children to save money and plan for the future, you are in control of where you spend your money, and what you do with it. It may be one of the most important ideas that you teach your children. 16. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Making money is not enjoyable. B. Saving money has some good effects. C. Spending money is very important. D. Money is more important than anything else. 17. According to Paragraph 1, saving money ____. A. gives you freedom B. brings you peace of mind C. improves your future life D. sets a good example to your children 18. How many good effects does saving money have according to the passage? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 19. What does the underlined word “retire” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Hire. B. Fire. C. Stop working. D. Have no job. 20. What is the best title for this passage? A. The Good Effects of Saving Money B. The Experiences of Saving Money C. The Ways of Saving Money D. The Bad Effects of Saving Money 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：【2027版】四川省（高职单招）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及四川省高职单招历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是50份考点训练卷，按照高、中、低三个考频规划。第二部分是单项填空、语言应用、阅读理解、翻译等35份专题训练卷。第三部分是15份不同难度等级的综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】四川省（高职单招）《英语考纲百套卷》的第72卷，是阅读6（说明文）。 【2027版】四川省（高职单招）《英语考纲百套卷》 第72卷 专题训练卷·阅读6（说明文） 考试时间：35分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、阅读理解（本大题共20小题，每小题5分，共100分）阅读下列短文，从A.B.C.D四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。 文章1: Do you like eating ice cream? Do you know how ice cream spread in the world? The earliest ice was eaten in China many years ago. People put fruit juice into ice. Later, this idea spread to Italy. Nero, the emperor of Roma between 54 A.D. and 68 A.D., liked to eat ice between violin lessons. He ordered runners to run to the mountains, get snow and quickly run back to the palace. The snow was mixed with fruit juice and honey. Around 1660, coffee shops serving ice cream were very popular in Paris. Most of the coffee shops were owned by Italians. The first successful one was opened by a man from Italy named Francesco Procopio. Ice cream was probably brought to America in the early 1700s and it quickly became the favorite of American presidents. George Washington had ice cream machines in his kitchen. Dolly Madison, the wife of President Madison, was the first one to serve her guests ice cream in the White House. Before ice cream was sold in stores, it was made and frozen (冷冻) at home. It took lots of work to mix cream, eggs, fruit, ice and salt, and then to freeze it. Nancy Johnson, an American woman made the hand‑turned ice cream freezer in 1846. Five years later, Jacob Flusell opened the first ice cream business in Baltimore, Maryland. His business quickly spread to other states. 1. People in China ate ice with ____ many years ago. A. cream B. coffee C. fruit juice D. eggs and salt 2. From the passage we know that Francesco Procopio ____. A. was a Frenchman B. made an ice cream machine C. opened the first ice cream shop in Paris D. opened the first successful coffee shop serving ice cream in Paris 3. We can learn from the passage that Dolly Madison ____. A. brought ice cream to America B. was once the president of America C. opened the first ice cream business in Baltimore D. was the first one to serve the guests ice cream in the White House 4. How did ice cream spread in the world? A. China—Italy—France—America. B. China—France—America—Italy. C. Italy—China—France—America. D. America—France—Italy—China. 5. The passage mainly talks about ____. A. how to make ice cream B. the history of ice cream C. why people like eating ice cream D. ice cream shops around the world 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. B 【导语】本文介绍冰淇淋的起源、传播路径以及发展历程：最早起源于中国，之后传到意大利、法国，再传入美国，讲述冰淇淋一步步发展、走向商业化的过程。 【详解】 1.原文第二段 “The earliest ice was eaten in China many years ago. People put fruit juice into ice.”，很多年前中国人把果汁加到冰里食用。 2. 原文第三段 “Around 1660, coffee shops serving ice cream were very popular in Paris…The first successful one was opened by a man from Italy named Francesco Procopio.”A 错误，他是意大利人；B 错误，冰淇淋机器是 Nancy Johnson 发明；C 错误，不是冰淇淋店，是卖冰淇淋的咖啡店。 3. 原文第四段 “Dolly Madison, the wife of President Madison, was the first one to serve her guests ice cream in the White House.”A 文中未说是她把冰淇淋带到美国；B 她是总统夫人，不是总统；C 是 Jacob Flusell 开办巴尔的摩冰淇淋生意。 4. 传播顺序：起源中国→传到意大利→1660 年流行于法国巴黎→18 世纪早期传入美国，对应 A 选项。 5. 全文讲冰淇淋从起源到传播、商业化的整个发展历史。A 只是文中小细节，不是主旨；C 文中没有讲人们喜欢冰淇淋的原因；D 只涉及部分段落，不能概括全文。 文章2: October 1, 2019, was the Chinese National Day, our country’s 70th birthday. China is becoming stronger and richer. Many Chinese people once worked hard to make it happen. Who are they? Let’s have a look. 【Yu Min, 1926—2019】 On June 17, 1967, China tested its first hydrogen bomb (氢弹). It was a big success in China’s nuclear development. Yu put all his heart into this test. It took China only two years and eight months to do that. It was a big surprise to the world! 【Shen Jilan, 1929—2020】 Shen is a great farmer in a village in Shanxi Province. She works hard to make Chinese farmers’ life better in her life. She thought women and men should get the same pay for the same work. She was a deputy to the NPC (人大代表). Her idea was written in China’s first constitution (宪法) in 1954. 【Yuan Longping, 1930—2021】 Yuan is a great scientist. He is the first one in the world to develop a kind of hybrid rice. His studies have helped farmers in China and other parts of the world to have more rice to eat. 【Tu Youyou, 1930—present】 Tu Youyou is known for winning the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2015. She is the first one to find a kind of medicine to treat malaria, a serious disease. Her finding can save many people’s lives. 6. Who plays an important role in our country’s nuclear development? A. Yu Min. B. Shen Jilan. C. Yuan Longping. D. Tu Youyou. 7. What do we know about Shen Jilan? A. She once won the Nobel Prize for Medicine. B. She is a great scientist from Shanxi Province. C. She was born in the same year as Yuan Longping. D. She thought women should get the same pay as men. 8. What do you think of Tu Youyou’s finding? A. It can make our country stronger. B. It can give farmers more rice to eat. C. It can save a lot of people’s lives. D. It can help farmers make more money. 9. What is the RIGHT order for four persons’ description? a. Deputy to the NPC  b. “Father of hybrid rice” c. Medical scientist  d. Nuclear scientist A. d‑b‑a‑c B. d‑a‑b‑c C. d‑a‑c‑b D. d‑c‑b‑a 10. Where can we read this passage? A. In a movie poster. B. In a newspaper. C. In a scientific experiment. D. In a sports magazine. 【答案】6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. B 【导语】2019 年是新中国 70 周年，本文分别介绍于敏、申纪兰、袁隆平、屠呦呦四位人物的事迹，讲述他们为国家发展做出的卓越贡献。 【详解】 6.文中于敏部分提到 “It was a big success in China’s nuclear development.”，于敏为我国氢弹、核事业做出重大贡献。 7. 原文 “She thought women and men should get the same pay for the same work.” 同工同酬，对应 D。A 诺贝尔奖是屠呦呦；B 申纪兰是农民，不是科学家；C 申纪兰 1929 年出生，袁隆平 1930 年，出生年份不一样。 8. 屠呦呦段落最后一句 “Her finding can save many people’s lives.” 她的发现拯救许多人的生命。B 是袁隆平杂交水稻的作用。 9. d‑Nuclear scientist → Yu Min 于敏 a‑Deputy to the NPC → Shen Jilan 申纪兰 b‑“Father of hybrid rice” → Yuan Longping 袁隆平 c‑Medical scientist → Tu Youyou 屠呦呦 10. 文章介绍杰出人物事迹，这类文章常见于报纸。A 海报、C 实验报告、D 体育杂志均不符合。 文章3: “A lie can travel halfway around the world before the truth can get its boots on,” said Mark Twain. In today’s Internet world of “fake news”, lies spread even faster and the truth is having trouble finding its boots. To make matters worse, most young people get news from social media sites where facts are mixed with rumors (谣言), half‑truths and complete lies. This has led to young people becoming confused. In the latest PISA, which tested 15‑year‑olds worldwide on academic subjects, fewer than one in ten of the examinees were reported to be able to recognize fact from opinion. A Stanford University study showed that students at all levels of education could not tell real news from fake news. In one instance, 80 percent thought that a paid advertisement was a real news story. Fake news is spread by people who have a prejudice (偏见). They want to influence public opinion either for or against something or someone. It is important, then, for young people to recognize and to be doubtful about online information. Traditional media, such as newspapers and television, are still the more credible sources of information. Reporters are professionally trained to look for facts, and editors are responsible for making sure those facts are correct. However, if you are getting most of your information online, you have to be your own editor. In that case, the first thing to do is to look at the writer of a post. Is this person known to be objective? Does the site where you read the post have a prejudice? Next, look for other sources from mainstream media to identify the information. In other words, by putting on your truth boots you won’t be fooled into chasing lies. 11. Who said that “A lie can travel halfway around the world before the truth can get its boots on”? A. Mark Twain. B. Young People. C. George. D. Bush. 12. What does the writer say about young people with news around? A. They make fake news and spread it. B. They are easily fooled by fake news. C. They get worried about their education. D. They can recognize facts from opinions. 13. What does the underlined word “credible” in the last paragraph mean? A. Primary. B. Realistic. C. Believable. D. Important. 14. If you are getting most of your information online, you have to ____. A. spread these information B. look at the writer of a post C. look for other sources from mainstream media to identify the information D. both B and C 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. What Should a Reporter Do? B. Who Makes and Spreads Fake News? C. How Can We Become a Newspaper Editor? D. How Can We Stay Objective in Reading News? 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. D 【导语】本文引用名言点明网络时代谎言传播速度远超真相，指出年轻人容易被社交媒体上真假混杂的信息误导；分析假新闻传播者的动机，告诉我们要学会辨别网络信息，介绍辨别新闻的方法，保持客观，不被假新闻欺骗。 【详解】 11.文章第一句“A lie can travel halfway around the world before the truth can get its boots（靴子）on,” said Mark Twain.，这句话是马克・吐温所说。 12. 第二段 PISA、斯坦福大学的研究表明：大部分年轻人分不清事实与观点，分不清真实新闻和假新闻，很容易被假新闻欺骗。A 错误，文中没有说年轻人制造假新闻；C 文中没有提到担心教育；D 与原文fewer than one in ten of the examinees were reported to be able to recognize fact from opinion相反。 13. credible 形容词，意思是可信的、可靠的。文中指报纸、电视这类传统媒体是更加可信的信息来源，和believable同义。 14. 原文最后一段：the first thing to do is to look at the writer of a post.以及Next, look for other sources from mainstream media to identify the information.既要查看帖子作者，也要查找主流媒体其他来源核实信息，B、C 两项都正确，选 D。 15. 全文：提出网络假新闻问题→年轻人容易受骗→教我们辨别网络信息、保持客观，不被谎言欺骗。A、C 只是局部细节；B 只覆盖第三段，不能概括全文；D 最适合做全文标题。 文章4: Saving money gives you freedom. If you have enough saving, you may be able to give up your job. I know a couple who had saved up enough money so that they were able to leave their jobs for a year, and travel across the country. You could see the wonderful experiences they had because they were able to enjoy that time together. Saving money is improving your future life. It is important to realize that by saving money now you will be able to do so many more things in your later years. You can retire early and spend time traveling around the world. By saving money now, you will be able to do as many things as you like and enjoy a good life. Saving money will bring you peace of mind. Every dollar that you have in the bank is a dollar, which stands between you and disaster. People who have savings are not worried when a car breaks down, or someone becomes sick. They know that they will be okay if they lose a job, and it takes time to find a new one. Saving money sets an example to your children. By teaching your children to save money and plan for the future, you are in control of where you spend your money, and what you do with it. It may be one of the most important ideas that you teach your children. 16. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Making money is not enjoyable. B. Saving money has some good effects. C. Spending money is very important. D. Money is more important than anything else. 17. According to Paragraph 1, saving money ____. A. gives you freedom B. brings you peace of mind C. improves your future life D. sets a good example to your children 18. How many good effects does saving money have according to the passage? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 19. What does the underlined word “retire” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Hire. B. Fire. C. Stop working. D. Have no job. 20. What is the best title for this passage? A. The Good Effects of Saving Money B. The Experiences of Saving Money C. The Ways of Saving Money D. The Bad Effects of Saving Money 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A 【导语】本文从四个方面阐述存钱的益处：存钱带给你自由、改善未来的生活、带来内心安稳、给孩子树立好榜样，告诉我们存钱有诸多积极作用。 【详解】 16. 全文分四段，分别讲存钱的四点好处。A、C、D 表述原文均没有提到。 17. 第一段开头 “Saving money gives you freedom.”，B、C、D 分别是后面二、三、四段的分论点。 18. 四个好处： Saving money gives you freedom. Saving money is improving your future life. Saving money will bring you peace of mind. Saving money sets an example to your children. 19. retire 动词，意为退休，就是停止工作。A 雇佣；B 解雇；D（失业，被动没有工作）均错误。 20. 全文讲存钱的好处。B 存钱的经历；C 存钱的方法；D 存钱的坏处，都不符合文章内容。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $