摘要:
该小学英语知识清单系统梳理了人教PEP版四年级上册Unit 4“Helping in the community”单元内容,涵盖语音学习、必记单词、常考短语、必会句型及核心语法五大知识范畴,为学生搭建了从基础积累到语法应用再到考点突破的递进式学习支架。
清单采用分类梳理与考点分级的方式构建知识体系,如必记单词按职业类、日常词汇分类,核心语法拆解为“描述职业”“现在进行时”“表达看法”三大考点,体现知识点的完整性和条理性。特别设计“易错提醒”标注firefighter前用a等细节,培养学生语言能力,配套“提分练”通过单选、填空强化语法应用,提升学习能力,既方便学生自主复习,也为教师精准教学提供有力支持。
内容正文:
Unit 4 Helping in the community 单元知识清单
人教PEP版四年级上册(新教材)
知识归纳
语音学习
ph /f/:Philip, phone, photo, elephant
必记单词
firefighter /ˈfaɪəfaɪtə(r)/ 消防队员 *why /waɪ/ 为什么 *driver /ˈdraɪvə(r)/ 司机
cleaner /ˈkliːnə(r)/ 清洁工 *cook /kʊk/ 厨师 delivery worker /dɪˈlɪvəri/ 快递员
police officer 警察;警员 *now /naʊ/ 现在 *old /əʊld/ 过去的;年纪大的;老的
*tell /tel/ 讲述;告诉 everyone /ˈevriwʌn/ 每人 *Ms /mɪz/ 女士
important /ɪmˈpɔːtnt/ 重要的
常考短语
1.help people 帮助人们 2.a school bus driver 一名校车司机
3.take sb. to school 送某人去上学 4.an important job 一份重要的工作
5.make the bed 铺床 6.sing old songs 唱老歌
7.tell funny stories 讲有趣的故事 8.community helpers 社区帮手
9.a lot of 许多;大量 10.old people's home 养老院
11.sing songs together 一起唱歌 12.bus driver 公共汽车司机
必会句型
1.Our neighbour is a firefighter. He often helps people. 我们的邻居是一名消防队员。他经常帮助人们。
2.He's a school bus driver. He takes us to school every day. 他是一名校车司机。他每天送我们去上学。
3.That's an important job too! 那也是一份重要的工作!
4.Chen Jie is making the bed. 陈杰正在铺床。
5.Binbin and John are telling funny stories. 彬彬和约翰正在讲有趣的故事。
核心语法
1.描述职业:He's/She's a + 职业名词
2.现在进行时(be + V-ing):主语 + be动词 + 动词-ing形式
3.表达看法:That's + 形容词/名词短语(+ too)
考点速记
考点 01 描述职业 He's/She's a ...
教材原文:Our neighbour is a firefighter. He often helps people. 我们的邻居是一名消防队员。他经常帮助人们。
教材原文:He's a school bus driver. He takes us to school every day. 他是一名校车司机。他每天送我们去上学。
解析:用"He's/She's a + 职业名词"或"主语 + is a + 职业名词"来描述他人的职业。He's = He is,She's = She is。也可以用"主语 + is a + 职业名词"直接陈述。
一、基本结构
He's/She's a + 职业名词.
主语 + is a + 职业名词.
描述男性职业时用He's,描述女性职业时用She's。也可以用名词作主语直接陈述。
例句:He's a firefighter. 他是一名消防队员。
She's a cleaner. 她是一名清洁工。
Our neighbour is a firefighter. 我们的邻居是一名消防队员。
二、不定冠词a和an的选择
职业名词前通常加不定冠词a或an。以辅音音素开头的词前用a,以元音音素开头的词前用an。
a firefighter, a cleaner, a cook, a driver(辅音音素开头,用a)
an office worker(office以元音音素/ɒ/开头,用an)
三、描述工作内容
描述职业后,可以用"He/She + 动词(三单形式) + 其他"说明该职业的工作内容。
例句:He often helps people. 他经常帮助人们。
He takes us to school every day. 他每天送我们去上学。
⚠ 易错提醒:firefighter以辅音音素/f/开头,用a firefighter而不是an firefighter。描述他人职业时注意He's(男性)和She's(女性)的区别。
提分练
一、单项选择
( )1. My uncle is ___ firefighter.
A. a B. an C. the
( )2. She's a ___. She cleans the streets.
A. driver B. cleaner C. cook
( )3. He's a ___. He takes children to school every day.
A. bus driver B. cleaner C. cook
( )4. My aunt is a ___. She makes delicious food.
A. driver B. police officer C. cook
( )5. —What's your neighbour's job? —___ a delivery worker.
A. He B. He's C. His
二、选词填空(从方框中选出合适的职业填空)
firefighter cleaner cook police officer delivery worker
1. He puts out fires. He's a ______.
2. She sweeps the streets. She's a ______.
3. He catches bad people. He's a ______.
4. She brings packages to our home. She's a ______.
5. He makes meals in a restaurant. He's a ______.
考点 02 现在进行时(be + V-ing)
教材原文:Chen Jie is making the bed. 陈杰正在铺床。
教材原文:He's singing old songs. 他正在唱老歌。
解析:现在进行时表示正在发生的动作,结构为"主语 + be动词 + 动词-ing形式"。be动词随主语变化:I用am,he/she/it用is,we/you/they用are。
一、现在进行时的结构
主语 + be动词 + 动词-ing形式 + 其他.
be动词的形式由主语决定:
I → am(我)
He/She/It → is(他/她/它)
We/You/They → are(我们/你们/他们)
例句:Chen Jie is making the bed. 陈杰正在铺床。
He is singing old songs. 他正在唱老歌。
Binbin and John are telling funny stories. 彬彬和约翰正在讲有趣的故事。
二、V-ing的变化规则
1. 一般情况:直接加-ing
sing → singing, tell → telling, clean → cleaning, draw → drawing
2. 以不发音的e结尾:去e加-ing
make → making, dance → dancing
三、be动词的选择
单数主语(Chen Jie, he, she)用is,复数主语(Binbin and John, they)用are。
例句:She is drawing a picture. 她正在画一幅画。
They are cleaning the room. 他们正在打扫房间。
⚠ 易错提醒:be动词的形式由主语决定,不能一律用is。如Binbin and John is telling stories(×)→Binbin and John are telling stories(✓)。以e结尾的动词变-ing时去e:make→making,不能写成makeing。
提分练
一、单项选择
( )1. Chen Jie ___ making the bed.
A. is B. are C. am
( )2. Binbin and John ___ telling funny stories.
A. is B. are C. am
( )3. He ___ singing old songs now.
A. is B. are C. am
( )4. They ___ cleaning the room.
A. is B. are C. am
( )5. Look! She ___ drawing a picture.
A. is B. are C. am
二、用所给动词的正确形式填空(现在进行时)
1. Chen Jie is ______ (make) the bed.
2. He is ______ (sing) old songs.
3. Binbin and John are ______ (tell) funny stories.
4. They are ______ (clean) the room.
5. Amy is ______ (draw) a picture.
考点 03 表达看法 That's ... too!
教材原文:That's an important job too! 那也是一份重要的工作!
解析:用"That's + 形容词/名词短语"来表达对某事物的评价或看法。That's = That is。too放在句末,表示"也",用于补充说明。
一、That's ... 句型
That's + 形容词/名词短语.
That's = That is,用于评价或描述前面提到的事物。
例句:That's an important job too! 那也是一份重要的工作!
That's a great job! 那是一份很棒的工作!
二、too的用法
too意为"也",放在句末,用逗号与前面的内容隔开,表示补充说明。
例句:That's an important job too! 那也是一份重要的工作!
He's a driver. He's a nice man too. 他是一名司机。他也是个好人。
三、评价他人工作
可以用"That's a + 形容词 + job"来评价他人的工作。
例句:That's a nice job! 那是一份好工作!
That's an important job! 那是一份重要的工作!
⚠ 易错提醒:important以元音音素/ɪ/开头,前面用an而不是a。如a important job(×)→an important job(✓)。too放在句末,不能放在句首。
提分练
一、单项选择
( )1. —He's a school bus driver. —That's ___ important job too!
A. a B. an C. the
( )2. He often helps people. That's a ___ job.
A. sad B. bad C. nice
( )3. He takes us to school every day. ___ a great job!
A. That B. That's C. It
( )4. —My mother is a nurse. —That's an important ___ too!
A. work B. thing C. job
( )5. —She's a cleaner. —That's ___ important job too!
A. a B. an C. the
二、完成句子(根据中文提示填空)
1. That's an ______ (重要的) job too!
2. He often ______ (帮助) people.
3. He takes us to school ______ (每天).
4. That's an important job ______ (也)!
5. She's ______ (一名) cleaner.
参考答案
(1)描述职业 He's/She's a ...
一、单项选择
1-5 ABACB
二、选词填空
1.firefighter 2.cleaner 3.police officer 4.delivery worker 5.cook
(2)现在进行时(be + V-ing)
一、单项选择
1-5 ABABA
二、用所给动词的正确形式填空
1.making 2.singing 3.telling 4.cleaning 5.drawing
(3)表达看法 That's ... too!
一、单项选择
1-5 BCBCB
二、完成句子
1.important 2.helps 3.every day 4.too 5.a
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