Unit 2 Wildlife Protection（知识清单）英语人教版必修第二册

该高中英语单元知识清单系统整合了“野生动物保护”主题下的词汇、语法、写作及应试模块，涵盖阅读词汇、写作词汇、语法规律、写作框架等核心范畴，为学生搭建从基础积累到综合应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“词汇分层+语法真题改编+写作模板”的方式构建知识体系，如“熟词生义”模块结合教材语境对比alarm、rate等词的多义用法，“语法精讲”设计高考改编题强化现在进行时被动语态理解，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特别设置“易错点口诀”和“写作佳句”，如endanger系列辨析口诀，助力不同学生高效掌握，教师可直接用于课堂教学与分层辅导。

Unit2 Wildlife Protection 词汇 一、阅读词汇： 1.poster n.海报 2.species n.物种 3.shark n.鲨鱼 4.fin n.(鱼的) 鳍 5.prince n.王子；王孙；亲王 6.whale n.鲸 7.antelope n.羚；羚类动物 8.Tibetan antelope藏羚羊 9.herd n.牧群；兽群 10.fur n.毛 (皮)；毛皮衣服 11.sacred adj.神圣的；受尊敬的 12.deer n.鹿 13.kangaroo n.袋鼠 14.insect n.昆虫 15.net n. = Internet网；adj.净得的；纯的 16.binoculars n.双筒望远镜 17.bird field guide鸟类图鉴 18.dolphin n.海豚 19.Yangtze River Dolphin白鱀豚 20.koala n.树袋熊；考拉 二、写作词汇： 1.goods n. 商品；货物 2.due adj. 由于；因为 3.shoot vt. & vi. (shot, shot) 射杀；射伤；发射 4.profit n. 利润；利益 5.mass adj. 大量的；广泛的；n. 大量；堆；群 6.habitat n. (动植物的) 生活环境；栖息地 7.skin n. 皮；皮肤 8.authority n. 官方；当权；权威 9.immediately adv. 立刻 10.plain n. 平原；adj. 简单明了的；直率的；平凡的 11.pressure n. 压力；要求 12.stir vt. 激发；搅动 13.creature n. 生物；动物 14.attack n., vi. & vt. 攻击；抨击 15.living adj. 居住的；活的；在用的；n. 生活；生计 16.average n. 平均数；平均水平；adj. 平均的；正常的；普通的 17.reserve n. (动植物) 保护区；储藏 (量)；vt. 预订；预留；保留 18.measure n. 措施；方法；vt. 测量；度量；估量 19.neighbourhood n. 临近的地方；街区 三、词汇变形： 1.illegal adj. 不合法的；非法的→illegally adv. 不合法地；非法地→legal adj. 合法的 2.hunt vt.& vi. 打猎；搜寻；追捕→hunter n. 猎人；搜寻者→hunting n. 打猎；狩猎 3.alarm vt. 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 n. 恐慌；警报；警报器→alarming adj. 惊人的；使人惊恐的→alarmed adj. 惊恐的；受惊的 4.rate n. 速度；(比) 率 vt. 划分等级→rating n. 等级；级别 5.extinct adj. 已灭绝的→extinction n. 灭绝 6.aware adj. 知道；发觉；有…… 意识的→awareness n. 意识→unaware adj. 未发觉的；不知道的 7.endanger vt. 使遭受危险；危害→endangered adj. 濒危的→danger n. 危险→dangerous adj. 危险的 8.concern vt. 涉及；让…… 担忧 n. 担心，忧虑→concerned adj. 担心的；关切的→concerning prep. 关于；涉及 9.adapt vi. 适应 vt. 使适应；使适合→adaptation n. 适应；改编本→adaptable adj. 适应性强的；能适应的 10.observe vt. 观察 (到); 注视；遵守→observation n. 观察 11.beauty n. 美；美人；美好的东西→beautiful adj. 美丽的；美好的→beautify vt. 美化 12.remind vt. 提醒；使想起→reminder n. 提醒者；提醒物 13.effective adj. 有效的；生效的→effect n. 效果；影响→affect vt. 影响；(疾病) 侵袭 14.recover vi. 恢复；康复 vt. 找回；寻回→recovery n. 恢复 15.remove vt. 去除；移开；脱去→removal n. 移走；消除 16.intend vi.& vt. 打算；计划；想要→intention n. 用意；目的；意图 17.threat n. 威胁→threaten vt. 威胁；危及 18.exist vi. 存在；生存→existence n. 存在；生存→existing adj. 现存的；现有的 19.harmony n. 和谐；融洽→harmonious adj. 和谐的 20.emotion n. 感情；情感；情绪→emotional adj. 情感的；情绪的 21.unusual adj. 特别的；不寻常的→usual adj. 常见的；寻常的 四、拓展词汇 1.adapt to 适应 2.due to 由于；因为 3.be aware of 意识到；知道 4.remind sb of 使某人想起（类似的人或物） 5.stir up 激起；唤起 6.on earth 究竟；到底（放于疑问词语之后表示强调） 7.make progress 取得进步 8.make out 看清；听清；分清 9.day and night 日日夜夜；夜以继日 10.on average 平均 11.under pressure 在压力下；承受压力 12.be concerned about 对…… 关切的；为…… 担忧的 13.die out 灭绝；逐渐消失 14.watch over 保护；照管；监督 15.search for 搜索；查找 五、熟词生义 1. alarm 常见义项：n. 恐慌；警报；警报器 生义：vt. 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The alarm from the antelopes certainly alarmed me.（藏羚羊发出的警报声无疑使我很惊恐。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The fire alarm went off, and everyone rushed out of the building.（火警响了，所有人都冲出了大楼。） ▶ 生义例句：The news of the war alarmed the people. 2. rate 常见义项：n. 比率 生义：vt. 划分等级 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：Now, the Tibetan antelope is rated as a species of “least concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).（现在，藏羚羊被国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）评为“低关注度”物种。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The unemployment rate has been rising steadily this year.（今年失业率一直在稳步上升。） ▶ 生义例句：The hotel is rated five - star. 3. concern 常见义项：n. 关心；关注；（利害）关系 生义：vt. 涉及；让……担忧 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The government is very concerned about this situation and has taken measures to protect them.（政府非常关注这种情况，并已采取措施保护它们。） ▶ 常见义项例句：Her main concern is the safety of her children.（她最关心的是孩子们的安全。） ▶ 生义例句：The news concerns your brother. 4. adapt 常见义项：vi. 适应 生义：vt. 使适应；使适合 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The antelopes have adapted to the cold and harsh environment of the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau.（藏羚羊已经适应了青藏高原寒冷恶劣的环境。） ▶ 常见义项例句：It took her a long time to adapt to living alone.（她花了很长时间才适应独自生活。） ▶ 生义例句：The company adapted its products to the market demand. 5. reserve 常见义项：n. （动植物）保护区 生义：vt. 预订；预留；保留 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：We are in a nature reserve to observe Tibetan antelopes.（我们在一个自然保护区观察藏羚羊。） ▶ 常见义项例句：This area has been designated as a wildlife reserve.（这个地区已被指定为野生动物保护区。） ▶ 生义例句：You can reserve a seat on the train in advance. 6. observe 常见义项：vt. 观察到；注视 生义：vt. 遵守 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：We should observe the rules of the nature reserve when we are watching the antelopes.（当我们观看藏羚羊时，我们应该遵守自然保护区的规定。） ▶ 常见义项例句：She spent hours observing the behavior of monkeys in the zoo.（她花了几个小时观察动物园里猴子的行为。） ▶ 生义例句：Everyone must observe the law. 7. beauty 常见义项：n. 美；美人 生义：n. 美好的东西 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：I was struck by their beauty.（我被它们的美丽所打动。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The beauty of the sunset took my breath away.（日落之美让我惊叹不已。） ▶ 生义例句：The sunset over the ocean is a real beauty. 8. measure 常见义项：n. 措施；方法 生义：vt. 测量；度量；估量 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The government has taken effective measures to protect the Tibetan antelopes.（政府已经采取了有效的措施来保护藏羚羊。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The new measures are aimed at reducing crime.（这些新措施旨在减少犯罪。） ▶ 生义例句：They measured the distance between the two points accurately. 9. press 常见义项：v. 按；压；挤 生义：n. 新闻界；记者们；报刊 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第18页阅读课文“THE RETURN OF THE MILU DEER”）：The Milu deer’s return to China also caught the attention of the international press.（麋鹿回归中国也引起了国际新闻界的关注。） ▶ 常见义项例句：Press the button firmly to start the machine.（用力按按钮启动机器。） ▶ 生义例句：The press plays an important role in spreading information. 10. plain 常见义项：n. 平原 生义：adj. 简单明了的；直率的；平凡的 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals.（在我们面前的平原上，我们隐约可见一群优雅的动物。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The river flows through a vast plain.（这条河流经一片广阔的平原。） ▶ 生义例句：His explanation was plain and easy to understand. 11. shoot 常见义项：vt. & vi. 射杀；射伤 生义：vt. & vi. 发射 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：In the past, hunters used to shoot the antelopes for their fur.（过去，猎人们常常为了获取藏羚羊的皮毛而射杀它们。） ▶ 常见义项例句：Poachers were caught shooting elephants for their tusks.（偷猎者因射杀大象获取象牙而被抓。） ▶ 生义例句：The soldiers shot arrows at the enemy. 12. remove 常见义项：vt. 去除；移开 生义：vt. 脱去 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list.（藏羚羊的数量已经恢复，并且在2015年6月，藏羚羊从濒危物种名单中被移除 ） ▶ 常见义项例句：She used a cloth to remove the dirt from the table.（她用一块布擦掉桌子上的灰尘。） ▶ 生义例句：He removed his coat as soon as he entered the room. 13. reduce 常见义项：vt. 减少 生义：vt. 使陷入（更坏的）境地；使沦落（常用于reduce to结构） ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The government calls on people to reduce the use of plastic bags to protect wildlife habitats.（政府呼吁人们减少塑料袋的使用，以保护野生动物栖息地。） ▶ 常见义项例句：We need to reduce our carbon footprint.（我们需要减少碳足迹。） ▶ 生义例句：The bad economic situation reduced many people to poverty. 写作 句型 句型公式 1：This is why ...（这是……的原因） 译文： 这就是我们来到这里的原因——为了观察藏羚羊。 译文： 我的母亲是一个勤劳的女人。她从18岁起就在一家工厂工作。每天早上，她五点半起床为我们准备早餐。下班后，她总是做家务直到深夜。这就是我如此尊敬她的原因。 句型公式 2：“Only＋状语”置于句首的部分倒装 译文： 只有当我们学会与自然和谐共存时，我们才能不再对野生动物和我们的星球构成威胁。 译文： 直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到自己把合同落在家里了。 句型公式 3：When it comes to (doing) sth（当谈及……时） 译文： 当谈及野生动物保护时，所有物种——无论好的、坏的，还是丑陋的——都应被平等对待。 译文： 当谈到公开演讲时，没有人能比得上他。 语法 现在进行时的被动语态 写作 写一份“野生动物保护”主题活动倡议书 1、 知识点精讲 [1. intend vt. 打算；计划；想要] 【教材原句】： The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. （出自教材第16页Reading and Thinking部分） 【归纳拓展】： intend to do sth. 打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 be intended for... 为......而准备；供......使用 be intended to do sth. 旨在做某事；目的是做某事 intention n. 意图；目的 【链接高考】： ①(2023年全国甲卷 语法填空第66题) Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message intended for everyone. ② (2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷 语法填空第65题) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range. 【写作佳句】： 应用文： This activity is intended to raise students‘ awareness of wildlife protection and encourage them to take part in related volunteer work. 读后续写： The letter, which was intended for his younger sister, contained all his unspoken love and regret for the years they had been apart. 【易混辨析】： intend 指“有计划、有目的地想做某事”，强调主观意图和打算。 mean 指“意思是；打算”，与intend常可互换，但mean更口语化。 plan 指“计划”，强调事先经过周密安排和准备。 典型例句对比： intend: I intend to visit the national park next summer to see the wildlife there. mean: I didn’t mean to hurt your feelings by saying that. plan: They are planning to build a new shelter for the endangered animals. 【单句语法填空】： ① The new law is ________ (intend) to protect the habitats of migratory birds. ② She intends ________ (study) environmental science at university. ③ This scholarship is intended ________ students who are passionate about wildlife conservation. 答案：① intended ② to study ③ for [2. rate n. 速度；比率 vt. 划分等级；评价] 【教材原句】： Our planet’s wildlife is dying out at an alarming rate. （出自教材第14页Listening and Speaking部分） 【归纳拓展】： at a/the rate of... 以......的速度/比率 at any rate 无论如何；不管怎样 rating n. 等级；级别 【链接高考】： ① (2021年高考英语浙江卷 阅读理解A篇) That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly. ② (2024年高考英语语法填空模拟题) The rainforests are disappearing at an alarming rate. 【写作佳句】： 应用文： The number of wild tigers in this area is decreasing at an alarming rate, and we must take measures to reverse this trend. 读后续写： His heart was beating at a rapid rate as he approached the dark, abandoned house, not knowing what awaited him inside. 【易混辨析】： rate 指“速度、比率”，强调数量上的比例或频率，也可作动词表示“评价”。 speed 指“运动的速度”，强调事物运动的快慢。 ratio 指“两个数量之间的比例关系”，强调数学上的比率。 典型例句对比： rate: The birth rate in this city has been declining over the past decade. speed: The car was travelling at a high speed when the accident happened. ratio: The ratio of boys to girls in this school is 1:1. 【单句语法填空】： ① The population of this species is declining at a(n) ________ (alarm) rate. ② At any ________ (rate), we should finish the project before the deadline. ③ The company’s performance is ________ (rate) as one of the best in the industry. 答案：① alarming ② rate ③ rated [3. extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的] 【教材原句】： Between 150 and 200 species are becoming extinct every day. （出自教材第14页Listening and Speaking部分） 【归纳拓展】： go extinct 灭绝 become extinct 变得灭绝 extinction n. 灭绝；绝种 be in danger of extinction 面临灭绝的危险 【链接高考】： ① (2024年新课标全国Ⅰ卷 阅读理解D篇) In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. ② (2026年湖南省常德市高考模拟题 单项选择第2题) After the arrival of the first humans into the uninhabited land, such large areas of forest were destroyed that many animals and plants became extinct, including the giant moa. 【写作佳句】： 应用文： It is our responsibility to protect endangered species from becoming extinct, for every creature plays a unique role in the ecosystem. 读后续写： The old man sighed deeply as he looked at the photo of the dodo, a bird that had long gone extinct, reminding him of the fragility of life. 【易混辨析】： extinct 指“某种生物已完全消失、不复存在”，强调物种的终结。 endangered 指“濒临灭绝的”，强调面临灭绝的危险但尚未灭绝。 rare 指“稀有的、罕见的”，强调数量少但不一定面临灭绝危险。 典型例句对比： extinct: Dinosaurs became extinct millions of years ago. endangered: The giant panda is an endangered species that needs our protection. rare: This kind of flower is very rare in this region. 【单句语法填空】： ① Many species are ________ (extinct) because of human activities such as hunting and habitat destruction. ② The ________ (extinction) of the dodo bird was caused by overhunting and the introduction of invasive species. ③ If we don’t take action now, more animals will face the threat of ________ (extinct). 答案：① extinct ② extinction ③ extinction [4. concern vt. 涉及；让......担忧；关系到 n. 关心；关注；(利害)关系] 【教材原句】： I‘m concerned about the African elephants. What do you know about them?（出自教材第15页Listening and Speaking部分） 【归纳拓展】： concern oneself about/with... 关心......；忙于...... show concern for... 对......表示关心 concerned adj. 担心的；关切的 be concerned about/for... 为......担忧；对......关切 as far as I’m concerned 在我看来；依我看 concerning prep. 关于；有关 【链接高考】： ① (2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷 阅读理解A篇 第21题题干) What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel? ② (2020年全国卷Ⅰ 阅读理解C篇) Even though we have other valuable things endangered by climate change, like food access, there is also an element of cultural identity, cultural survival, and history. ③ (2021年全国乙卷 阅读理解C篇) Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. ④ (2020年全国卷Ⅱ 阅读理解C篇) The concern about the safety of cloud seeding is that no one really knows its impacts. ⑤ (2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷 阅读理解C篇) Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are — but what they do know has raised concerns. 【写作佳句】： 应用文： As far as I’m concerned, protecting wildlife is not only the duty of the government but also the responsibility of every citizen. 读后续写： Concerned about his mother‘s health, the young man decided to give up his job in the big city and return to his hometown to take care of her. 【易混辨析】： concern 指“担心、关切”，强调对某人或某事的关注和忧虑，可作动词或名词。 worry 指“担心、发愁”，强调因不确定的事情而感到焦虑，语气较口语化。 care 指“在乎、关心”，强调对某人或某事的重视和爱护。 典型例句对比： concern: There is growing concern about the loss of biodiversity in this area. worry: Her constant worry about the future prevented her from enjoying the present. care: She really cares about the welfare of these endangered animals. 【单句语法填空】： ① As far as I’m ________ (concern), we should take immediate action to protect this species. ② The teacher showed great ________ (concern) for the students‘ mental health during the exam period. ③ ________ (concern) the issue of wildlife protection, the government has passed several new laws. 答案：① concerned ② concern ③ Concerning [5. adapt vi. 适应 vt. 使适应；使适合；改编；改写] 【教材原句】： Elephants need large living spaces, so it’s difficult for them to adapt to the changes. （出自教材第15页Reading and Thinking部分） 【归纳拓展】： adapt (oneself) to... 使自己适应...... adapt sth. for sth. 改编/改装某物以用于...... adapt sth. from sth. 从......改编某物 be adapted from... 改编自...... adaptable adj. 适应性强的；能适应的 adaptation n. 适应；改编本 【链接高考】： ① (2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷 听力第15题) What does Victor find difficult as a member of the basketball team? A. Adapting himself to the intense training. ② (2021年北京市卷 阅读理解) To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment. ③ (2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 阅读理解) A mystery story adapted from Agatha Christie‘s novel will be shown on ITV1. 【写作佳句】： 应用文： As new students, we should try our best to adapt ourselves to the new school environment as soon as possible. 读后续写： Having adapted to the harsh conditions of the Arctic, the explorers were able to continue their journey despite the freezing temperatures. 【易混辨析】： adapt 指“调整以适应新环境、新情况”，也可指“改编文学作品”。 adopt 指“采纳、采用（方法、建议）”，或“收养（孩子）”，词形相似但意义不同。 adjust 指“微调以适应”，强调细微的调整，常与to搭配。 典型例句对比： adapt: It took her a long time to adapt to the new lifestyle in the city. adopt: The committee decided to adopt the new teaching method. adjust: You need to adjust your expectations to the reality of the situation. 【单句语法填空】： ① It is not easy for wild animals ________ (adapt) to the changes in their natural habitats. ② The film is ________ (adapt) from a best-selling novel written by a famous author. ③ With great determination, he quickly adapted ________ (he) to the new working conditions. 答案：① to adapt ② adapted ③ himself [6. alarm vt. 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 n. 恐慌；警报；警报器] 【教材原句】： Our planet’s wildlife is dying out at an alarming rate. （出自教材第14页Listening and Speaking部分） 【归纳拓展】： alarmed adj. 惊恐的；担忧的 alarming adj. 惊人的；使人惊恐的 be alarmed at/by... 对......感到惊慌/害怕 ring/sound the alarm 敲警钟；发警报 in alarm 惊恐地 【链接高考】： ① (2026年1月浙江高考首考 语法填空) The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air — a scream that always ended in laughter. ② (2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试湖北卷 阅读理解A篇) One morning a few years ago, Harvard President Neil Rudenstine overslept. For this busy man, it was a sort of alarm: after years of non-stop hard work, he might wear himself out and die an early death. 【写作佳句】： 应用文： The local government has sounded the alarm on the sharp decline of the endangered species, calling for immediate action from the public. 读后续写： Alarmed by the strange noise coming from the forest, the little girl grabbed her mother‘s hand tightly, her eyes wide with fear. 【易混辨析】： alarm 强调“因突然的危险或意外而感到惊恐”，也可指“警报器”本身。 frighten 泛指“使害怕”，语气较通用，常用于人或动物。 terrify 语气比frighten更强，指“使极度恐惧”。 典型例句对比： alarm: The sudden noise alarmed the birds, and they flew away in all directions. frighten: The loud thunder frightened the little child. terrify: The thought of speaking in public terrified her. 【单句语法填空】： ① The ________ (alarm) report about the oil spill shocked everyone present. ② She was ________ (alarm) to find that her wallet was missing from her bag. ③ The villagers rang the ________ (alarm) as soon as they spotted the wildfire in the distance. 答案：① alarming ② alarmed ③ alarm [7. due adj. 到期的；预期的；应有的 n. 应得之物] 【归纳拓展】： due to... 由于；因为（后接名词或名词短语） be due to do sth. 预期做某事；定于做某事 be due to sb. 应归于某人；欠某人的 【链接高考】： ① (2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷 阅读理解A篇) An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. ② (2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷 阅读理解A篇第23题) What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date? ③ (2021年全国乙卷 语法填空第65、66空) Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. 【写作佳句】： 应用文： Due to the heavy rain, the outdoor wildlife observation activity has been postponed to next Saturday. 读后续写： The ship was due to arrive at the port at dawn, but the violent storm delayed its journey by nearly twelve hours. 【易混辨析】： due to 指“由于”，常作表语或状语，强调原因，较正式。 because of 指“因为”，作状语，强调直接原因，较通用。 owing to 指“由于”，与due to相近，但更常用于正式书面语。 thanks to 指“多亏了”，带有感激色彩，强调积极的原因。 典型例句对比： due to: The game was cancelled due to the bad weather. because of: She was late because of the heavy traffic. owing to: Owing to a lack of funding, the project had to be abandoned. thanks to: Thanks to the efforts of the volunteers, many animals were saved. 【单句语法填空】： ① The concert was postponed ________ due to the sudden storm. ② The new policy is due ________ (come) into effect next month. ③ The successful rescue of the injured whale was due ________ the quick response of the local fishermen. 答案：① due ② to come ③ to 2、 核心语法精讲 现在进行时的被动语态 【感知·语法规律】 （一）教材原文感知 1. "Our classroom is being cleaned by the students now." 主语"classroom"是动作"clean"的承受者，结构为"is being cleaned"，表示此时此刻正在进行的被动动作。 2. "A new library is being built in our school this term." 主语"library"是动作"build"的承受者，结构为"is being built"，表示现阶段（本学期）正在进行的被动动作。 3. "The letters are being typed by the secretary when I passed by." 主语"letters"是动作"type"的承受者，结构为"are being typed"，强调过去某一刻正在进行的被动动作（与when引导的时间状语呼应）。 （二）高考真题感知 近几年高考英语真题语法填空部分专门考查“现在进行时的被动语态”（am/is/are being done）的题目频率较低。被动语态是高频考点，但主要集中在一般现在时、一般过去时以及情态动词的被动语态。现将其中一些被动语态的真题改编为考查现在进行时被动语态的题目，以对比深化理解。 1.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空 第65题）What should ______ (do) with such a beautiful place? 【答案】：be done 【解析】：主语“What”与动词“do”之间为被动关系，且空前是情态动词“should”，故填“be done”（情态动词的被动语态）。 改编题： A new conservation project ______ (carry out) in this beautiful national park right now to protect its unique ecosystem. 【答案】：is being carried out 【解析】：主语“A new conservation project”与动词“carry out”之间为被动关系；时间状语“right now”表明动作此刻正在发生，主语为单数，故填“is being carried out”。 2.（2025年全国高考一卷语法填空 第60题）The players' personalities ______ (reveal) during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent. 【答案】：are revealed 【解析】：主语“personalities”与动词“reveal”之间为被动关系，全文描述一般性事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。 改编题： The players' personalities ______ (reveal) to the audience through the live broadcast on the sports channel at this very moment. 【答案】：are being revealed 【解析】：主语“personalities”与动词“reveal”之间为被动关系；时间状语“at this very moment”表明动作此刻正在发生，主语为复数，故填“are being revealed”。 3.（2024年新课标Ⅰ卷语法填空 第9题）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing the steps along the Silk Route ______ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 【答案】：which 【解析】：先行词为“the Silk Route”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故用“which”。 改编题： The Glasshouse, which ______ (restore) by a team of experts at present, stands as a great achievement in contemporary design. 【答案】：is being restored 【解析】：主语“The Glasshouse”与动词“restore”之间为被动关系；时间状语“at present”表明动作此刻正在发生，主语为单数，故填“is being restored”。 4.（2023年全国甲卷语法填空 第70题）Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ______ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 【答案】：be employed 【解析】：主语“form”与动词“employ”之间为被动关系，情态动词“can”后接动词形，故填“be employed”。 改编题： A new teaching method ______ (test) in several schools across the city this week to see if it is effective. 【答案】：is being tested 【解析】：主语“A new teaching method”与动词“test”之间为被动关系；时间状语“this week”表明动作在这一阶段正在进行，主语为单数，故填“is being tested”。 5.（2026年高考北京卷语法填空 第18题）Universities ______ (design) along the three unities of French classical tragedy: time, action, and place. 【答案】：are designed 【解析】：主语“Universities”与动词“design”之间为被动关系，描述客观现状，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。 改编题： A new smart classroom ______ (build) in our school at present to provide students with better learning resources. 【答案】：is being built 【解析】：主语“A new smart classroom”与动词“build”之间为被动关系；时间状语“at present”表明动作此刻正在发生，主语为单数，故填“is being built”。 6.（2022年全国乙卷语法填空 第67题）I ______ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage while constantly growing. 【答案】：was amazed 【解析】：主语“I”与动词“amaze”之间为被动关系，描述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。 改编题： Visitors from all over the world ______ (attract) by the unique charm of this ancient city right now. 【答案】：are being attracted 【解析】：主语“Visitors”与动词“attract”之间为被动关系；时间状语“right now”表明动作此刻正在发生，主语为复数，故填“are being attracted”。 7.（2024年新课标Ⅱ卷语法填空 第6题）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ______ (build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace. 【答案】：was built 【解析】：主语“pavilion”与动词“build”之间为被动关系，时间状语“Two years later”表明是过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时的被动语态。 改编题： A modern art museum ______ (construct) near the city center at the moment to showcase contemporary works. 【答案】：is being constructed 【解析】：主语“A modern art museum”与动词“construct”之间为被动关系；时间状语“at the moment”表明动作此刻正在发生，主语为单数，故填“is being constructed”。 8.（2025年高考北京卷语法填空 第16题）Usually, better outcomes ______ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 【答案】：are achieved 【解析】：主语“outcomes”与动词“achieve”之间为被动关系，描述一般性事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。 改编题： A new solution ______ (discuss) by the committee right now to address the environmental issues. 【答案】：is being discussed 【解析】：主语“A new solution”与动词“discuss”之间为被动关系；时间状语“right now”表明动作此刻正在发生，主语为单数，故填“is being discussed”。 9.（2026年全国一卷语法填空 第18题）Universities ______ (design) along the three unities of French classical tragedy: time, action, and place. 【答案】：are designed 【解析】：主语“Universities”与动词“design”之间为被动关系，描述客观现状，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。 改编题： Several new courses ______ (design) by the teaching staff this semester to meet the students' needs. 【答案】：are being designed 【解析】：主语“Several new courses”与动词“design”之间为被动关系；时间状语“this semester”表明动作在这一阶段正在进行，主语为复数，故填“are being designed”。 10.（2023年新课标Ⅰ卷语法填空 第61题）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ______ (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents. 【答案】：to be lifted 【解析】：动词“allow”后接不定式作宾补，且“them（小笼包）”与“lift”之间为被动关系，故用不定式的被动式“to be lifted”。 改编题： The damaged bridges ______ (repair) by the local government at present to ensure the safety of the residents. 【答案】：are being repaired 【解析】：主语“The damaged bridges”与动词“repair”之间为被动关系；时间状语“at present”表明动作此刻正在发生，主语为复数，故填“are being repaired”。 【精讲·语法知识】 （一）构成详解 现在进行时的被动语态核心是"强调动作正在被进行"，结构需同时体现"现在进行时"和"被动语态"的特征： 语法维度 具体结构 示例 核心定义 强调动作正在被进行，结构需同时体现 “现在进行时” 和 “被动语态” 的核心特征 - 基础结构（第一人称单数 I） am being + 过去分词 I am being interviewed now. 基础结构（第三人称单数 he/she/it/ 单数名词） is being + 过去分词 The dog is being trained. 基础结构（复数人称 we/you/they/ 复数名词） are being + 过去分词 They are being praised by the teacher. 否定式 在 be 动词（am/is/are）后加 not，即：am/is/are + not + being + 过去分词 The project is not being delayed. 疑问式 将 be 动词（am/is/are）提前至句首，即：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + being + 过去分词？ Is the machine being checked? （二）用法分类 1. 表示此时此刻正在进行的被动动作 强调"说话瞬间动作正在被执行"，常与now, look, at the moment等时间状语连用。 例句：The window is being cleaned by Tom at the moment.（汤姆此刻正在擦窗户。） 典例：选择合适的选项填空。 The new road ______ (build) by the workers. They work from morning to evening these days. A. is being built B. is built C. was being built 答案：A 解析：陷阱在于选项B，一般现在时的被动语态表示经常性、习惯性的动作，而此处强调现阶段（这些天）正在进行的被动动作，所以用现在进行时的被动语态is being built。 2. 表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作 动作不一定在说话瞬间正在进行，但在当前一段时间内持续进行。 例句：A new subway line is being built in our city.（我们城市正在修建一条新地铁线路。）（可能不是此刻正在挖，但这一阶段持续进行） 3. 用于祈使句或警告语境 强调"正在被进行的动作需注意"。 例句：Don't touch the equipment—it's being tested.（别碰设备，它正在被测试。） 典例：判断句子正误，错误的请改正。 Don't enter the room. Some important things are discussed. 答案：错误，应改为Don't enter the room. Some important things are being discussed. 解析：原句用一般现在时的被动语态，无法体现“正在被讨论”这一警告语境下的动作，需用现在进行时的被动语态。 4. 与情态动词连用 表示"情态动词+正在被..."，结构为"情态动词 + be being + 过去分词"。 例句：The issue must be being discussed at the meeting.（这个问题一定正在会议上被讨论。） 典例：选择合适的选项填空。 The matter ______ (must, handle) right now. A. must handle B. must be handling C. must be being handled 答案：C 解析：陷阱在于选项B，“must be handling”是主动形式，而此处主语the matter与handle是被动关系，且强调“现在正在被处理”，所以用“must be being handled”。 （三）特殊注意事项 1. 仅适用于及物动词 不及物动词（如happen, appear, come等）无被动语态，不可用于现在进行时的被动。 ✘ 错误：A accident is being happened. ✔ 正确：An accident is happening. 典例：选择正确的句子。 A. A strange event is being occurred in the village. B. A strange event is occurring in the village. 答案：B 解析：occur是不及物动词，没有被动语态，不能用于现在进行时的被动语态，所以A错误，B正确。 “延续性动词的正确使用”判断句子正误，错误的请改正。 The old man is being died in the hospital. 答案：错误，应改为 The old man is dying in the hospital. 解析：die 是短暂性动词，不能用于现在进行时的被动语态，且此处句子逻辑上也无需被动，用主动形式的现在进行时表示 “正在死去” 这一过程。 2. being不可省略 省略being会变成一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are + 过去分词），语义完全不同。 现在进行时被动：The house is being painted.（房子正在被粉刷。） 一般现在时被动：The house is painted every year.（房子每年被粉刷。） 典例：判断句子表达的意思是否相同，不同的请说明。 ① The car is repaired by the mechanic. ② The car is being repaired by the mechanic. 答案：不同。①句是一般现在时的被动语态，意为“这辆车由机械师修理（表经常性动作）”；②句是现在进行时的被动语态，意为“这辆车正在被机械师修理”。 解析：省略being后，时态和语义都发生了变化，体现了being在现在进行时的被动语态中的重要性。 3. 不与短暂性动词连用 短暂性动词（如finish, start, die等）表示瞬间动作，无法"正在被进行"。 ✘ 错误：The work is being finished. ✔ 正确：The work is being done.（用延续性动词do替代） 典例：选择合适的选项填空。 The project ______ (finish) by the team, so please wait for a moment. A. is being finished B. is being done C. was finished 答案：B 解析：finish是短暂性动词，不能用于现在进行时的被动语态，A错误；此处强调“项目正在被进行”，用延续性动词do的现在进行时的被动语态is being done，所以B正确。 【对点练习】 （一）单句填空 1. These old photos ______ (sort) by my grandmother now, so don't disturb her. 解析：are being sorted. 主语"photos"是复数，"now"提示现在进行时，被动关系故用"are being sorted"。 2. A new song ______ (sing) by the singer in the studio at the moment, and it sounds great. 解析：is being sung. 主语"song"是单数，"at the moment"提示现在进行时，被动语态中sing的过去分词为sung。 3. The problem ______ (talk) about by the experts, but they haven't reached an agreement yet. 解析：is being talked. 表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，"talk about"为固定短语，被动形式为"be being talked about"。 （二）选项填空 1.“与一般过去时被动语态的区分” The bridge ______ (repair) when the storm came last night. A. is being repaired B. was being repaired C. was repaired 答案：B 解析：陷阱在于选项 C，一般过去时的被动语态仅表示过去发生的被动动作，而此处强调 “昨晚暴风雨来临时桥正在被修理”，是过去某一时刻正在进行的被动动作，所以用过去进行时的被动语态 was being repaired，本题通过与一般过去时被动对比，更能凸显现在进行时被动的 “现在” 时间特征。： 2.“与现在完成时被动语态的区分” The house ______ (paint) since last week, and it's still not done. A. is being painted B. has been painted C. has been being painted 答案：C 解析：陷阱在于选项 A 和 B，A 仅强调现在正在进行，B 强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，而此处有 “since last week” 且 “still not done”，说明动作从过去开始，持续到现在且仍在进行，需用现在完成进行时的被动语态 has been being painted，通过与现在进行时被动、现在完成时被动对比，明确各自适用场景。 3.“多主语时的主谓一致” A new school and a library ______ (build) in our town now. A. is being built B. are being built C. was being built 答案：B 解析：陷阱在于选项 A，当主语是由 and 连接的两个并列成分时，谓语动词用复数形式，此处强调 “一所新学校和一个图书馆现在正在被建造”，所以用 are being built，提醒在现在进行时被动中注意主谓一致。 （三）翻译句子（含长难句与高级表达） 1. 这家工厂的旧设备正在被先进的机器人取代。 【答案】：The old equipment in this factory is being replaced by advanced robots. 2. 现在，一场关于环境保护的重要会议正在市政厅被举行。 【答案】：A vital meeting about environmental protection is being held in the city hall now. 3. 这些珍贵的文物正在被专家们小心地修复，预计下个月完成。 【答案】：These precious cultural relics are being carefully restored by experts and are expected to be finished next month. 三、单元写作清单 写作话题：野生动物保护（Wildlife Protection） 文体类型 适用场景 沟通对象 写作目的 倡议书 校园环保周、社团动员大会、社区宣传日 在校同学、社会公众 号召大家开展集体行动 建议信 反馈城市鸟类撞窗、景区动物表演等现实问题 当地政府、动物园管理部门、环保组织、校报编辑 递交对应的整改、优化方案 演讲稿 英语演讲赛事、课堂主题汇报、国旗下发言 现场听众 依靠逻辑与感染力说服听众 记叙文 记述志愿相关经历、人与动物故事 阅读者 讲述救助受伤动物、游览自然保护区等事件，触发读者情感共鸣 1. 话题分析 核心话题：野生动物面临的生存危机（如栖息地丧失、非法盗猎、气候变化）及其保护措施。 常见命题角度： (1)描述某种濒危动物的现状（如藏羚羊、大熊猫、长江江豚）； (2)分析保护野生动物的必要性（生态平衡、生物多样性、人类责任）； (3)提出具体保护措施（建立自然保护区、加强立法、提高公众意识）； (4)倡议或呼吁大家参与保护行动。 写作要点： (1)数据或事实支撑（如“藏羚羊数量从百万锐减至十万”）； (2)情感共鸣（如“它们是无辜的伙伴”）； (3)行动导向（“我们可以做什么”）。 2. 写作框架（以倡议书为例） 段落 内容要点 常用表达 开头 自我介绍 + 引出主题 + 发起号召 I’m writing to call on... / As a student concerned about..., I feel it urgent to... 主体① 描述现状：哪些动物面临威胁，原因是什么 Unfortunately, ... are in danger due to... / The number of... has decreased sharply because of... 主体② 阐述保护的意义（生态、道德、未来） Wildlife plays a vital role in... / It is our duty to... 主体③ 提出具体建议（个人、学校、社会层面） We can start by... / Besides, we should... / What’s more, ... 结尾 再次呼吁，表达期待或决心 Only by joining hands can we... / Let’s take action before it’s too late! 3. 写作素材 核心词汇 动物与生存：endangered species（濒危物种）, poaching（偷猎）, habitat loss（栖息地丧失）, food chain（食物链）, biodiversity（生物多样性） 保护行动：reserve（保护区）, ban（禁令）, campaign（活动）, volunteer（志愿者）, sustainable（可持续的） 程度词：dramatically（剧烈地）, urgently（紧迫地）, increasingly（日益） 常用句式 功能 句式 开头 ① Recently, the alarming decline in wildlife has drawn public attention. ② It is high time that we took action to protect those helpless creatures. 主体 ① Faced with such a severe situation, we must not turn a blind eye.（非谓语） ② Only when we understand the value of every species can we truly protect them.（倒装） ③ The reason why we should protect tigers is that they are at the top of the food chain.（主从复合句） 结尾 ① Had we done more earlier, fewer species would have disappeared.（倒装虚拟） ② Let’s make it a habit to refuse products made from endangered animals. 4. 范文背诵 范文一（倡议书——保护藏羚羊） 语法亮点：非谓语（Facing）、倒装（Not only...but also）、主从复合句（what we can do / because...） Dear fellow students, Facing the sharp decline of Tibetan antelopes due to illegal poaching, I feel it urgent to call on everyone to join the protection action. These graceful animals are being hunted ruthlessly for their wool, which is used to make expensive shawls. Not only does this crime destroy their population, but also it upsets the ecological balance on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. What we can do is simple: refuse to buy any product made from animal fur, support anti-poaching laws, and spread awareness among friends. Remember, only if we respect every life can we live in harmony with nature. Let’s start from today—say no to wildlife trade, and yes to a future with them running freely on the snowland! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 范文二（建议信——给当地政府关于建立保护区的建议） 语法亮点：非谓语（To begin with）、倒装（Only through...）、主从复合句（which is home to... / if we...） Dear Sir or Madam, I am a high school student who cares deeply about the local wetland, which is home to hundreds of migratory birds. I’m writing to offer some suggestions on establishing a nature reserve there. To begin with, the wetland is shrinking because of farm expansion, putting many bird species at risk. Therefore, I suggest that the area be officially listed as a protected zone, with strict rules against construction and hunting. Besides, we could set up an education center to teach visitors about bird protection. Only through such efforts can we maintain the ecological function of the wetland. I sincerely hope you will consider my proposals. If we act now, these birds will continue to grace our city every spring. Thank you for your time and attention. Yours faithfully, Li Hua 范文赏析 1.范文一采用倡议书体裁，第一人称视角，情感强烈。第二段用“Not only...but also”倒装强调双重危害，结尾用“only if”倒装加强呼吁力度。 2.范文二为建议信，结构清晰（总—分—总）。开头用非限制性定语从句介绍湿地；主体用“To begin with”“Besides”逻辑递进，结尾用“If we”条件句表达乐观期待。 3.两篇均包含主从复合句（定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句）、非谓语（doing/done作状语或定语）和倒装句（部分倒装），符合高考高分作文要求。 【易错点01 endanger / endangered / endangered species 辨析】 【一句话辨异】 Human activities endanger many wild animals, making them endangered species; therefore, we must take action to protect these endangered animals from extinction. 人类活动危及许多野生动物，使它们成为濒危物种；因此，我们必须采取行动保护这些濒危动物免于灭绝。 【助记口诀】 endanger 是动词“危及”，endangered 是形“濒危的”； endangered species “濒危物种”，保护它们刻不容缓！ 【错因辨析】 1. endanger vt. 危及；危害；使遭危险 侧重“使……处于危险之中”的动作 例句：Pollution endangers the health of wild animals. 污染危及野生动物的健康。 例句：The construction of the new road will endanger the local wildlife. 新公路的建设将危及当地的野生动物。 2. endangered adj. 濒危的；濒临灭绝的 侧重“处于灭绝危险中的”状态 常见搭配：endangered species 濒危物种；endangered animals 濒危动物 例句：Tibetan antelopes are an endangered species. 藏羚羊是一种濒危物种。 3. danger n. 危险；in danger 处于危险中 例句：Many wild animals are in danger of extinction. 许多野生动物面临灭绝的危险。 【对点训练】 （ ）1. The ______ of these rare birds calls for immediate action; otherwise, human activities will continue to ______ their survival. A. endangered; danger B. danger; endanger C. endangered; endanger D. danger; endangered 【答案】B 【解析】第一空“这些珍稀鸟类的危险”用名词 danger；第二空“危及它们的生存”用动词 endanger。故选B。 （ ）2. The government has set up several nature reserves to protect ______ species like the giant panda. A. danger B. dangerous C. endangered D. endangering 【答案】C 【解析】“濒危物种”为 endangered species，用形容词 endangered 修饰 species。danger 是名词“危险”；dangerous 是“危险的”（对他人构成威胁）；endangering 是现在分词形式，不作形容词修饰名词。故选C。 【易错点02 reserve / preserve / conserve 辨析】 【一句话辨异】 The government set up a nature reserve to preserve the habitat of wild animals and conserve natural resources for future generations. 政府建立了一个自然保护区来保存野生动物的栖息地，并为后代节约自然资源。 【助记口诀】 reserve“保护区”作名词，动“预订”要分清； preserve“保存”护原样，conserve“节约”合理用。 【错因辨析】 这三个词在“保护”话题中极易混淆： 1. reserve 作名词：保护区；储备（物） nature reserve 自然保护区 wildlife reserve 野生动物保护区 oil reserves 石油储备 作动词：预订；保留 reserve a room 预订房间 例句：This area is a strict nature reserve. 这个地区是严格的自然保护区。 2. preserve vt. 保存；保护；维持 侧重“保持原状、完好保存”，使某物免受破坏（参见必修一 Unit 1 易错点01） 例句：We should preserve the natural habitat of these animals. 我们应该保护这些动物的自然栖息地。 3. conserve vt. 节约；保护；保存 侧重“合理使用、节约资源”，强调“避免浪费” 常见搭配：conserve energy / water / resources 节约能源/水资源/资源 例句：We should conserve water to protect the environment. 我们应该节约用水以保护环境。 【对点训练】 （ ）1. The Wolong Nature ______ was established to ______ the habitat of giant pandas. A. Reserve; preserve B. Preserve; reserve C. Conservation; preserve D. Reserve; conserve 【答案】A 【解析】第一空“卧龙自然保护区”为 Wolong Nature Reserve，reserve 作名词；第二空“保护栖息地”强调保持原状，用 preserve。conserve 侧重“节约资源”。故选A。 （ ）2. To protect the environment, we should learn to ______ natural resources and avoid wasting them. A. reserve B. preserve C. conserve D. observe 【答案】C 【解析】句意“为了保护环境，我们应该学会节约自然资源，避免浪费”。conserve 侧重“节约、合理使用”，符合语境。reserve“预订/储备”；preserve“保存原状”；observe“观察”。故选C。 【易错点03 aware / awareness 的用法】 【一句话辨异】 We should be aware of the importance of wildlife protection and raise public awareness of this issue so that more people can join us. 我们应该意识到野生动物保护的重要性，并提高公众对这一问题的意识，以便更多人能加入我们。 【助记口诀】 aware 形容词“意识到”，be aware of 后接名； awareness 名词“意识”，raise awareness“提高意识”记心中。 【错因辨析】 1. aware adj. 知道；发觉；有……意识的 be aware of + 名词/代词/动名词 意识到…… be aware that + 从句 知道……；意识到…… 例句：Everyone should be aware of the importance of protecting wildlife. 每个人都应该意识到保护野生动物的重要性。 例句：We are aware that many species are in danger of extinction. 我们知道许多物种面临灭绝的危险。 反义词：unaware adj. 不知道的；未发觉的 2. awareness n. 意识；认识 raise / increase awareness of ... 提高对……的意识 例句：The purpose of this activity is to raise public awareness of wildlife protection. 这次活动的目的是提高公众对野生动物保护的意识。 3. 易错点： ❌ 错误：aware the importance（aware 后缺介词） ✅ 正确：be aware of the importance ❌ 错误：raise aware of（aware 是形容词，不能作宾语） ✅ 正确：raise awareness of 【对点训练】 （ ）1. It is important for everyone to ______ the serious situation that endangered animals are facing. A. aware of B. be aware of C. be aware that D. aware that 【答案】B 【解析】“意识到……”为 be aware of + 名词，或 be aware that + 从句。此处后接名词短语 the serious situation，故用 be aware of。A、D 缺少 be 动词；C 后应接从句。故选B。 （ ）2. The documentary about wildlife aims to ______ people's ______ the protection of endangered species. A. raise; awareness of B. rise; awareness of C. raise; aware of D. rise; aware of 【答案】A 【解析】“提高某人对……的意识”为 raise one's awareness of ...。raise 为及物动词“提高”；rise 为不及物动词“上升”，不能接宾语。aware 是形容词，不能作 raise 的宾语。故选A。 【易错点04 die out / die off / die away / die down 辨析】 【一句话辨异】 If we don't take action, many species will die out forever; their populations are dying off rapidly, the noise of human activities never dies away, and we cannot let the public's concern die down. 如果我们不采取行动，许多物种将永远灭绝；它们的种群数量正在迅速消亡，人类活动的噪音从未消失，我们不能让公众的关注减弱。 【助记口诀】 die out“灭绝”全消失，die off“相继死”去； die away“渐消失”（声音风），die down“渐减弱”（火热情）。 【错因辨析】 1. die out （物种、风俗、语言等）灭绝；消失 侧重“完全消失、不复存在”，常与 species，custom，language 等搭配 例句：Many wild animals will die out if we don't protect them. 如果我们不保护它们，许多野生动物将会灭绝。 2. die off 相继死去；一一死去 侧重“群体逐个死亡” 例句：The deer in this area are dying off because of the serious disease. 由于严重的疾病，这个地区的鹿正在相继死去。 3. die away （声音、光线、风等）逐渐消失 侧重“渐渐变弱直至消失” 例句：The sound of the footsteps died away in the distance. 脚步声在远处渐渐消失。 4. die down （火、兴奋、情感、风暴等）逐渐减弱；平息 侧重“由强变弱” 例句：The fire died down after the firefighters arrived. 消防员到达后火势逐渐减弱。 【对点训练】 （ ）1. If we do nothing to protect the endangered species, they will soon ______ forever. A. die off B. die away C. die out D. die down 【答案】C 【解析】句意“如果我们不采取措施保护濒危物种，它们很快会永远灭绝”。物种“灭绝”用 die out。die off 指“相继死去”；die away 指声音等“逐渐消失”；die down 指火势等“逐渐减弱”。故选C。 （ ）2. The applause ______ after the singer left the stage. A. died out B. died away C. died off D. died down 【答案】B 【解析】句意“歌手离开舞台后，掌声渐渐消失了”。掌声属于声音，逐渐消失用 die away。die out 指物种灭绝；die off 指相继死去；die down 指火势或情感减弱。故选B。 一、默写重点单词（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 根据首字母或中文提示，写出本单元所学单词的正确形式。 1. s___________ n. 物种 2. h___________ n. 栖息地 3. e___________ adj. 已灭绝的 4. p___________ v. 偷猎 5. i___________ adj. 不合法的；非法的 6. r___________ n. 保护区；储备 v. 预订；保留 7. a___________ v. 使适应；使适合；改编 8. t___________ v. 威胁；危及 9. b___________ n. 生物多样性 10. c___________ n. 保护；保存 【答案】 1. species 2. habitat 3. extinct 4. poach 5. illegal 6. reserve 7. adapt 8. threaten 9. biodiversity 10. conservation 二、词汇运用（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） A. 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. Many wild animals are in danger of ________ (extinct) due to habitat loss. 2. The government has taken strong measures against ________ (legal) hunting. 3. Some species have successfully ________ (adapt) to the changing environment. 4. The ________ (apply) of new technology has helped protect endangered wildlife. 5. She is deeply ________ (concern) about the future of these rare animals. 6. The ________ (exist) of these animals depends on our protection efforts. 7. We should raise public ________ (aware) of the importance of wildlife protection. 8. The organization has made great ________ (contribute) to animal conservation. 9. Many species are ________ (threat) by climate change and human activities. 10. The ________ (recover) of the giant panda population is a success story. 【答案】 1. extinction 2. illegal 3. adapted 4. application 5. concerned 6. existence 7. awareness 8. contributions 9. threatened 10. recovery B. 根据汉语提示完成句子（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1. Many animals are ________ ________ ________ (面临灭绝的危险) because of human activities. 2. We should ________ ________ ________ (意识到) the importance of protecting wildlife. 3. The number of wild tigers has ________ ________ (减少) in recent decades. 4. It is important for animals to ________ ________ (适应) the changing environment. 5. The government has ________ ________ (采取措施) to protect endangered species. 【答案】 1. in danger of extinction 2. be aware of 3. gone down / decreased 4. adapt to 5. taken measures 三、重点句型（共5小题，每小题3分，共15分） 根据所给句式和中文提示完成句子。 1. 句型公式：现在进行时的被动语态（am/is/are + being + 过去分词） Many wild animals ____________________ (正在被非法猎杀) for their fur and bones. 2. 句型公式：This is why... ____________________ (这就是为什么) we must take immediate action to protect wildlife. 3. 句型公式：It is + adj. + that... ____________________ (……是很重要的) we work together to preserve the habitats of endangered species. 4. 句型公式：There is no doubt that... ____________________ (毫无疑问) human activities have caused great damage to wildlife. 5. 句型公式：Only by... can we... ____________________ (只有通过共同努力) can we ensure the survival of these precious animals. 【答案】 1. are being illegally hunted 2. This is why 3. It is important that 4. There is no doubt that 5. Only by working together 四、课文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the 1980s, the number of Tibetan antelopes 1.________ (drop) by 50% because they were being hunted 2.________ (illegal) for their valuable fur. The antelope population 3.________ (be) on the edge of extinction. 4.________ (fortune), the Chinese government realized the seriousness of the situation and took 5.________ (measure) to protect them. Volunteers were sent to the reserve 6.________ (watch) over the antelopes day and night. The reserve 7.________ (establish) in 1992 to provide a safe home for these 8.________ (endanger) animals. Thanks to these efforts, the antelope population 9.________ (recover) gradually. This shows 10.________ we can make a difference when we work together to protect wildlife. 【答案】 1. dropped 2. illegally 3. was 4. Fortunately 5. measures 6. to watch 7. was established 8. endangered 9. has recovered 10. that 五、阅读理解（共2篇，8小题，每小题2.5分，共20分） A [2026·原创·动物生存智慧] Humans sweat to keep cool. But did you know that besides humans, only a small percentage of the world’s animals keep cool by sweating? In fact, animals have a variety of ways to beat the heat, some of which might even seem a little bit strange. Giraffes live in a particularly dry, hot environment, but they don’t sweat. How do they stay cool? The answer lies in their beautiful skin pattern, which is like a large network with a very complex vascular (血管的) system under each patch. A giraffe’s special blood flow can force heat out of its body. Because of their rather large skin surface, this is a more-than-effective way to escape the heat. Elephants, as the largest land animals on earth, rely on their huge pair of ears. Simply by flapping their ears, elephants can lower their body temperature by 12°C or more. Moreover, elephants often open their ears when facing the wind to achieve this cooling effect. Dogs’ way of escaping the heat is probably the most common in our daily lives—sticking their tongues out. By breathing heavily, dogs quickly force the heat from their body and breathe cooler air in, which enters their lungs and cools their entire body. Koalas are well-known for their laziness, so it’s natural to see one lying on a branch and think it’s just resting. In fact, during hot weather, koalas move to the cooler tree bark. By getting into the cool surface of the bark, koalas can stay relatively comfortable during Australia’s powerful heat waves. 1. How do dogs beat the heat? A. By choosing suitable tree bark. B. By sticking their tongues out. C. By flapping their ears. D. By special blood flow. 2. Which of the following animals uses their habitat to cool down? A. Giraffe.B. Elephants.C. Dogs.D. Koalas. 3. What do the four animals have in common according to the passage? A. They all live in hot environments. B. They don’t sweat to keep cool. C. They all have large skin surfaces. D. They are all endangered species. 4. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To compare different animals’ living habits. B. To explain how some animals keep cool without sweating. C. To warn people about global warming. D. To encourage people to protect animals. 【答案】 1. B【解析】细节理解题。根据“Dogs’ way of escaping the heat...sticking their tongues out”可知，狗通过伸舌头来降温。 2. D【解析】细节理解题。根据“koalas move to the cooler tree bark...By getting into the cool surface of the bark”可知，考拉利用树皮（栖息地）来降温。 3. B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“only a small percentage of the world’s animals keep cool by sweating”及全文可知，这四种动物都不通过出汗降温。 4. B【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要解释了长颈鹿、大象、狗和考拉如何不用出汗来保持凉爽。 B [2026·原创·野生动物保护] The Tibetan antelope, known locally as the “chiru”, is one of the most endangered species in the world. These graceful animals live on the high-altitude plains of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where the air is thin and the winters are extremely cold. For centuries, Tibetan antelopes were hunted for their soft and warm wool, called “shahtoosh”, which is used to make expensive shawls. It takes the wool of three to five adult antelopes to make just one shawl. In the 1980s and 1990s, illegal hunting reduced the antelope population from over one million to fewer than 75,000. In response to this crisis, the Chinese government took strong action. The Changtang National Nature Reserve was established in 1993, covering an area of about 300,000 square kilometers. Armed patrols (巡逻队) were sent to protect the antelopes from poachers. The government also worked with international organizations to ban the trade of shahtoosh. Thanks to these efforts, the Tibetan antelope population has recovered remarkably. By 2020, the population had risen to over 300,000. The species was downgraded from “endangered” to “near threatened” on the IUCN Red List in 2021. The story of the Tibetan antelope shows that when we take action, we can make a difference. However, challenges remain. Climate change and habitat loss continue to threaten these animals. Continued efforts are needed to ensure their long-term survival. 5. What is the Tibetan antelope also known as? A. Shahtoosh.B. Chiru.C. Panda.D. Snow leopard. 6. Why were Tibetan antelopes hunted in large numbers? A. For their meat.B. For their bones. C. For their soft wool.D. For their horns. 7. What measure did the Chinese government take to protect Tibetan antelopes? A. Building zoos for them. B. Establishing a nature reserve and sending patrols. C. Moving them to warmer places. D. Feeding them in captivity. 8. What can we infer from the passage? A. The Tibetan antelope is no longer in any danger. B. Protection efforts have been successful but need to continue. C. The government has given up protecting the antelope. D. The antelope population will never recover. 【答案】 5. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“The Tibetan antelope, known locally as the ‘chiru’”可知。 6. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“hunted for their soft and warm wool”可知。 7. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“The Changtang National Nature Reserve was established...Armed patrols were sent”可知。 8. B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“The story...shows that when we take action, we can make a difference. However, challenges remain”可知。 六、七选五（共5小题，每小题3分，共15分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Wildlife is an important part of our natural world. 1.________ They provide us with food, medicine, and many other resources. They also help maintain the balance of nature. However, wildlife is facing serious threats today. Habitat loss is one of the biggest problems. 2.________ Many animals lose their homes and are forced to move to smaller areas. Climate change is another major threat. Rising temperatures affect animals’ living conditions and food sources. Illegal hunting is also a great danger to wildlife. 3.________ Some animals are killed for their fur, bones, or other body parts. This has led to the extinction of some species. 4.________ Many countries have passed laws to protect endangered species. Nature reserves have been set up to provide safe homes for wildlife. International organizations like WWF and IUCN work to raise awareness and support conservation efforts. As individuals, we can also help. We can learn more about wildlife and spread the message of protection. 5.________ Remember, every small action counts! A. Some animals are hunted for their meat and skins. B. These animals are important for many reasons. C. We can also reduce our use of products that harm wildlife. D. As forests are cut down and land is developed, animals lose their habitats. E. All animals should be kept in zoos. F. Fortunately, many efforts are being made to protect wildlife. G. Climate change has no effect on wildlife. 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. F 5. C 七、书面表达（共1题，15分） 假设你是李华，你校英语报正在举办以“Wildlife Protection”为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下要点写一篇短文投稿： 1. 当前野生动物面临的威胁（至少两点）； 2. 保护野生动物的重要性； 3. 青少年可以采取的行动（至少两点）。 注意： - 词数100词左右； - 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； - 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Wildlife protection is a topic that concerns us all. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Wildlife Protection Wildlife protection is a topic that concerns us all. However, many wild animals are now facing serious threats. First, their natural habitats are being destroyed by deforestation and urbanization. Second, illegal hunting and trading continue to put many endangered species at risk of extinction. Protecting wildlife is of great significance. Every creature plays a unique role in maintaining the ecological balance of our planet. The loss of any species can disrupt the food chain and harm the environment we all depend on. As teenagers, we can do our part to help. We can start by learning more about wildlife and sharing this knowledge with others. We can also refuse to buy products made from animal fur or ivory. Additionally, taking part in local environmental campaigns can contribute to protecting their habitats. Let’s take action now to protect our wild friends! 解析 【思路点拨】 本篇书面表达是一篇征文投稿，属于议论文。要求考生就“野生动物保护”主题，从面临的威胁、保护的重要性及青少年可采取的行动三方面展开论述。文章应以第一人称为主，时态以一般现在时为主。写作时需观点明确，层次清晰，语言简洁有力。 【结构布局】 开头：直接指出野生动物面临的现实威胁（栖息地破坏、非法捕猎） 中心：阐述保护野生动物对维持生态平衡的重要意义 结尾：提出青少年可以采取的具体行动，并发出呼吁 【高分词汇】 ① face serious threats（面临严重威胁） ② natural habitats（自然栖息地） ③ deforestation and urbanization（森林砍伐与城市化） ④ put...at risk of extinction（使……面临灭绝风险） ⑤ play a unique role in（在……中扮演独特角色） ⑥ ecological balance（生态平衡） ⑦ contribute to（有助于） ⑧ take action（采取行动） 【高分句型】 ① Protecting wildlife is of great significance.（动名词短语`Protecting wildlife`作主语；`be of + 名词`结构表示“具有……”） ② Every creature plays a unique role in maintaining the ecological balance of our planet.（介词短语`in maintaining...`作状语；动名词`maintaining`作介词宾语） ③ The loss of any species can disrupt the food chain and harm the environment we all depend on.（`we all depend on`为省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰`environment`） ④ Taking part in local environmental campaigns can contribute to protecting their habitats.（动名词短语作主语；`contribute to`中的`to`为介词，后接动名词） 【拓展词汇】 ① endangered species（濒危物种） ② biodiversity（生物多样性） ③ illegal hunting（非法捕猎） ④ raise public awareness（提高公众意识） ⑤ wildlife conservation（野生动物保护） 【拓展句型】 ① What we should keep in mind is that all living things are interconnected, and the loss of one species can affect many others.（我们应该记住的是，所有生物都是相互关联的，一个物种的消失可能会影响许多其他物种。）（`what`引导主语从句；`that`引导表语从句） ② Only when we stop destroying their homes can we give wildlife a chance to survive and thrive.（只有当我们停止破坏它们的家园时，我们才能给野生动物生存和繁衍的机会。）（“`only+状语从句`”置于句首引起的部分倒装） 同类话题补充作文题 题目1：校园减塑行动 你校将开展“减少塑料使用”的环保活动。请你写一篇英文通知，内容包括：（1）活动目的；（2）活动内容（如自带水杯、减少一次性餐具等）；（3）号召参与。词数100左右。 题目2：保护海洋生态 你校英文报举办以“Protecting Our Ocean”为主题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：（1）海洋面临的环境问题；（2）保护海洋的措施；（3）你的倡议。词数100左右。 题目3：绿色出行 你班同学就“上学出行方式”进行了讨论。请你给校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：（1）同学们的主要出行方式；（2）绿色出行的好处；（3）你的建议。词数100左右。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Cultural Heritage 词汇 一、阅读词汇： 1.poster n. __________ 2.species n. __________ 3.shark n. __________ 4.fin n. __________ 5.prince n. __________ 6.whale n. __________ 7.antelope n. __________ 8.Tibetan antelope __________ 9.herd n. __________ 10.fur n. __________ 11.sacred adj. __________ 12.deer n. __________ 13.kangaroo n. __________ 14.insect n. __________ 15.net n. = Internet __________；adj. __________ 16.binoculars n. __________ 17.bird field guide __________ 18.dolphin n. __________ 19.Yangtze River Dolphin __________ 20.koala n. __________ 二、写作词汇： 1.__________ n. 商品；货物 2.__________ adj. 由于；因为 3.__________ vt. & vi. (shot, shot) 射杀；射伤；发射 4.__________ n. 利润；利益 5.__________ adj. 大量的；广泛的；n. 大量；堆；群 6.__________ n. (动植物的) 生活环境；栖息地 7.__________ n. 皮；皮肤 8.__________ n. 官方；当权；权威 9.__________ adv. 立刻 10.__________ n. 平原；adj. 简单明了的；直率的；平凡的 11.__________ n. 压力；要求 12.__________ vt. 激发；搅动 13.__________ n. 生物；动物 14.__________ n., vi. & vt. 攻击；抨击 15.__________ adj. 居住的；活的；在用的；n. 生活；生计 16.__________ n. 平均数；平均水平；adj. 平均的；正常的；普通的 17.__________ n. (动植物) 保护区；储藏 (量)；vt. 预订；预留；保留 18.__________ n. 措施；方法；vt. 测量；度量；估量 19.__________ n. 临近的地方；街区 三、词汇变形： 1.__________ adj. 不合法的；非法的→__________ adv. 不合法地；非法地→__________ adj. 合法的 2.__________ vt.& vi. 打猎；搜寻；追捕→__________ n. 猎人；搜寻者→__________ n. 打猎；狩猎 3.__________ vt. 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 n. 恐慌；警报；警报器→__________ adj. 惊人的；使人惊恐的→__________ adj. 惊恐的；受惊的 4.__________ n. 速度；(比) 率 vt. 划分等级→__________ n. 等级；级别 5.__________ adj. 已灭绝的→__________ n. 灭绝 6.__________ adj. 知道；发觉；有…… 意识的→__________ n. 意识→__________ adj. 未发觉的；不知道的 7.__________ vt. 使遭受危险；危害→__________ adj. 濒危的→__________ n. 危险→__________ adj. 危险的 8.__________ vt. 涉及；让…… 担忧 n. 担心，忧虑→__________ adj. 担心的；关切的→__________ prep. 关于；涉及 9.__________ vi. 适应 vt. 使适应；使适合→__________ n. 适应；改编本→__________ adj. 适应性强的；能适应的 10.__________ vt. 观察 (到); 注视；遵守→__________ n. 观察 11.__________ n. 美；美人；美好的东西→__________ adj. 美丽的；美好的→__________ vt. 美化 12.__________ vt. 提醒；使想起→__________ n. 提醒者；提醒物 13.__________ adj. 有效的；生效的→__________ n. 效果；影响→__________ vt. 影响；(疾病) 侵袭 14.__________ vi. 恢复；康复 vt. 找回；寻回→__________ n. 恢复 15.__________ vt. 去除；移开；脱去→__________ n. 移走；消除 16.__________ vi.& vt. 打算；计划；想要→__________ n. 用意；目的；意图 17.__________ n. 威胁→__________ vt. 威胁；危及 18.__________ vi. 存在；生存→__________ n. 存在；生存→__________ adj. 现存的；现有的 19.__________ n. 和谐；融洽→__________ adj. 和谐的 20.__________ n. 感情；情感；情绪→__________ adj. 情感的；情绪的 21.__________ adj. 特别的；不寻常的→__________ adj. 常见的；寻常的 四、拓展词汇 1.__________ 适应​ 2.__________ 由于；因为​ 3.__________ 意识到；知道​ 4.__________ 使某人想起（类似的人或物）​ 5.__________ 激起；唤起​ 6.__________ 究竟；到底（放于疑问词语之后表示强调）​ 7.__________ 取得进步​ 8.__________ 看清；听清；分清​ 9.__________ 日日夜夜；夜以继日​ 10.__________ 平均​ 11.__________ 在压力下；承受压力​ 12.__________ 对…… 关切的；为…… 担忧的​ 13.__________ 灭绝；逐渐消失​ 14.__________ 保护；照管；监督​ 15.__________ 搜索；查找​ 五、熟词生义 1. alarm 常见义项：n. 恐慌；警报；警报器 生义：vt. 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The alarm from the antelopes certainly alarmed me.（藏羚羊发出的警报声无疑使我很惊恐。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The fire alarm went off, and everyone rushed out of the building.（火警响了，所有人都冲出了大楼。） ▶ 生义例句：The news of the war alarmed the people. 2. rate 常见义项：n. 比率 生义：vt. 划分等级 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：Now, the Tibetan antelope is rated as a species of “least concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).（现在，藏羚羊被国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）评为“低关注度”物种。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The unemployment rate has been rising steadily this year.（今年失业率一直在稳步上升。） ▶ 生义例句：The hotel is rated five - star. 3. concern 常见义项：n. 关心；关注；（利害）关系 生义：vt. 涉及；让……担忧 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The government is very concerned about this situation and has taken measures to protect them.（政府非常关注这种情况，并已采取措施保护它们。） ▶ 常见义项例句：Her main concern is the safety of her children.（她最关心的是孩子们的安全。） ▶ 生义例句：The news concerns your brother. 4. adapt 常见义项：vi. 适应 生义：vt. 使适应；使适合 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The antelopes have adapted to the cold and harsh environment of the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau.（藏羚羊已经适应了青藏高原寒冷恶劣的环境。） ▶ 常见义项例句：It took her a long time to adapt to living alone.（她花了很长时间才适应独自生活。） ▶ 生义例句：The company adapted its products to the market demand. 5. reserve 常见义项：n. （动植物）保护区 生义：vt. 预订；预留；保留 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：We are in a nature reserve to observe Tibetan antelopes.（我们在一个自然保护区观察藏羚羊。） ▶ 常见义项例句：This area has been designated as a wildlife reserve.（这个地区已被指定为野生动物保护区。） ▶ 生义例句：You can reserve a seat on the train in advance. 6. observe 常见义项：vt. 观察到；注视 生义：vt. 遵守 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：We should observe the rules of the nature reserve when we are watching the antelopes.（当我们观看藏羚羊时，我们应该遵守自然保护区的规定。） ▶ 常见义项例句：She spent hours observing the behavior of monkeys in the zoo.（她花了几个小时观察动物园里猴子的行为。） ▶ 生义例句：Everyone must observe the law. 7. beauty 常见义项：n. 美；美人 生义：n. 美好的东西 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：I was struck by their beauty.（我被它们的美丽所打动。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The beauty of the sunset took my breath away.（日落之美让我惊叹不已。） ▶ 生义例句：The sunset over the ocean is a real beauty. 8. measure 常见义项：n. 措施；方法 生义：vt. 测量；度量；估量 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The government has taken effective measures to protect the Tibetan antelopes.（政府已经采取了有效的措施来保护藏羚羊。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The new measures are aimed at reducing crime.（这些新措施旨在减少犯罪。） ▶ 生义例句：They measured the distance between the two points accurately. 9. press 常见义项：v. 按；压；挤 生义：n. 新闻界；记者们；报刊 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第18页阅读课文“THE RETURN OF THE MILU DEER”）：The Milu deer’s return to China also caught the attention of the international press.（麋鹿回归中国也引起了国际新闻界的关注。） ▶ 常见义项例句：Press the button firmly to start the machine.（用力按按钮启动机器。） ▶ 生义例句：The press plays an important role in spreading information. 10. plain 常见义项：n. 平原 生义：adj. 简单明了的；直率的；平凡的 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals.（在我们面前的平原上，我们隐约可见一群优雅的动物。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The river flows through a vast plain.（这条河流经一片广阔的平原。） ▶ 生义例句：His explanation was plain and easy to understand. 11. shoot 常见义项：vt. & vi. 射杀；射伤 生义：vt. & vi. 发射 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：In the past, hunters used to shoot the antelopes for their fur.（过去，猎人们常常为了获取藏羚羊的皮毛而射杀它们。） ▶ 常见义项例句：Poachers were caught shooting elephants for their tusks.（偷猎者因射杀大象获取象牙而被抓。） ▶ 生义例句：The soldiers shot arrows at the enemy. 12. remove 常见义项：vt. 去除；移开 生义：vt. 脱去 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list.（藏羚羊的数量已经恢复，并且在2015年6月，藏羚羊从濒危物种名单中被移除 ） ▶ 常见义项例句：She used a cloth to remove the dirt from the table.（她用一块布擦掉桌子上的灰尘。） ▶ 生义例句：He removed his coat as soon as he entered the room. 13. reduce 常见义项：vt. 减少 生义：vt. 使陷入（更坏的）境地；使沦落（常用于reduce to结构） ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The government calls on people to reduce the use of plastic bags to protect wildlife habitats.（政府呼吁人们减少塑料袋的使用，以保护野生动物栖息地。） ▶ 常见义项例句：We need to reduce our carbon footprint.（我们需要减少碳足迹。） ▶ 生义例句：The bad economic situation reduced many people to poverty. 写作 句型 句型公式 1：This is why ...（这是……的原因） 译文： 这就是我们来到这里的原因——为了观察藏羚羊。 译文： 我的母亲是一个勤劳的女人。她从18岁起就在一家工厂工作。每天早上，她五点半起床为我们准备早餐。下班后，她总是做家务直到深夜。这就是我如此尊敬她的原因。 句型公式 2：“Only＋状语”置于句首的部分倒装 译文： 只有当我们学会与自然和谐共存时，我们才能不再对野生动物和我们的星球构成威胁。 译文： 直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到自己把合同落在家里了。 句型公式 3：When it comes to (doing) sth（当谈及……时） 译文： 当谈及野生动物保护时，所有物种——无论好的、坏的，还是丑陋的——都应被平等对待。 译文： 当谈到公开演讲时，没有人能比得上他。 语法 现在进行时的被动语态 写作 写一份“野生动物保护”主题活动倡议书 1、 知识点精讲 [1. intend vt. 打算；计划；想要] 【教材原句】： The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. （出自教材第16页Reading and Thinking部分） 【归纳拓展】： intend to do sth. 打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 be intended for... 为......而准备；供......使用 be intended to do sth. 旨在做某事；目的是做某事 intention n. 意图；目的 【链接高考】： ① (2023年全国甲卷 语法填空第66题) Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message intended for everyone. ② (2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷 语法填空第65题) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range. 【写作佳句】： 应用文： This activity is intended to raise students‘ awareness of wildlife protection and encourage them to take part in related volunteer work. 读后续写： The letter, which was intended for his younger sister, contained all his unspoken love and regret for the years they had been apart. 【易混辨析】： intend 指“有计划、有目的地想做某事”，强调主观意图和打算。 mean 指“意思是；打算”，与intend常可互换，但mean更口语化。 plan 指“计划”，强调事先经过周密安排和准备。 典型例句对比： intend: I intend to visit the national park next summer to see the wildlife there. mean: I didn’t mean to hurt your feelings by saying that. plan: They are planning to build a new shelter for the endangered animals. 【单句语法填空】： ① The new law is ________ (intend) to protect the habitats of migratory birds. ② She intends ________ (study) environmental science at university. ③ This scholarship is intended ________ students who are passionate about wildlife conservation. [2. rate n. 速度；比率 vt. 划分等级；评价] 【教材原句】： Our planet’s wildlife is dying out at an alarming rate. （出自教材第14页Listening and Speaking部分） 【归纳拓展】： at a/the rate of... 以......的速度/比率 at any rate 无论如何；不管怎样 rating n. 等级；级别 【链接高考】： ① (2021年高考英语浙江卷 阅读理解A篇) That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly. ② (2024年高考英语语法填空模拟题) The rainforests are disappearing at an alarming rate. 【写作佳句】： 应用文： The number of wild tigers in this area is decreasing at an alarming rate, and we must take measures to reverse this trend. 读后续写： His heart was beating at a rapid rate as he approached the dark, abandoned house, not knowing what awaited him inside. 【易混辨析】： rate 指“速度、比率”，强调数量上的比例或频率，也可作动词表示“评价”。 speed 指“运动的速度”，强调事物运动的快慢。 ratio 指“两个数量之间的比例关系”，强调数学上的比率。 典型例句对比： rate: The birth rate in this city has been declining over the past decade. speed: The car was travelling at a high speed when the accident happened. ratio: The ratio of boys to girls in this school is 1:1. 【单句语法填空】： ① The population of this species is declining at a(n) ________ (alarm) rate. ② At any ________ (rate), we should finish the project before the deadline. ③ The company’s performance is ________ (rate) as one of the best in the industry. [3. extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的] 【教材原句】： Between 150 and 200 species are becoming extinct every day. （出自教材第14页Listening and Speaking部分） 【归纳拓展】： go extinct 灭绝 become extinct 变得灭绝 extinction n. 灭绝；绝种 be in danger of extinction 面临灭绝的危险 【链接高考】： ① (2024年新课标全国Ⅰ卷 阅读理解D篇) In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. ② (2026年湖南省常德市高考模拟题 单项选择第2题) After the arrival of the first humans into the uninhabited land, such large areas of forest were destroyed that many animals and plants became extinct, including the giant moa. 【写作佳句】： 应用文： It is our responsibility to protect endangered species from becoming extinct, for every creature plays a unique role in the ecosystem. 读后续写： The old man sighed deeply as he looked at the photo of the dodo, a bird that had long gone extinct, reminding him of the fragility of life. 【易混辨析】： extinct 指“某种生物已完全消失、不复存在”，强调物种的终结。 endangered 指“濒临灭绝的”，强调面临灭绝的危险但尚未灭绝。 rare 指“稀有的、罕见的”，强调数量少但不一定面临灭绝危险。 典型例句对比： extinct: Dinosaurs became extinct millions of years ago. endangered: The giant panda is an endangered species that needs our protection. rare: This kind of flower is very rare in this region. 【单句语法填空】： ① Many species are ________ (extinct) because of human activities such as hunting and habitat destruction. ② The ________ (extinction) of the dodo bird was caused by overhunting and the introduction of invasive species. ③ If we don’t take action now, more animals will face the threat of ________ (extinct). [4. concern vt. 涉及；让......担忧；关系到 n. 关心；关注；(利害)关系] 【教材原句】： I‘m concerned about the African elephants. What do you know about them?（出自教材第15页Listening and Speaking部分） 【归纳拓展】： concern oneself about/with... 关心......；忙于...... show concern for... 对......表示关心 concerned adj. 担心的；关切的 be concerned about/for... 为......担忧；对......关切 as far as I’m concerned 在我看来；依我看 concerning prep. 关于；有关 【链接高考】： ① (2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷 阅读理解A篇 第21题题干) What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel? ② (2020年全国卷Ⅰ 阅读理解C篇) Even though we have other valuable things endangered by climate change, like food access, there is also an element of cultural identity, cultural survival, and history. ③ (2021年全国乙卷 阅读理解C篇) Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. ④ (2020年全国卷Ⅱ 阅读理解C篇) The concern about the safety of cloud seeding is that no one really knows its impacts. ⑤ (2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷 阅读理解C篇) Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are — but what they do know has raised concerns. 【写作佳句】： 应用文： As far as I’m concerned, protecting wildlife is not only the duty of the government but also the responsibility of every citizen. 读后续写： Concerned about his mother‘s health, the young man decided to give up his job in the big city and return to his hometown to take care of her. 【易混辨析】： concern 指“担心、关切”，强调对某人或某事的关注和忧虑，可作动词或名词。 worry 指“担心、发愁”，强调因不确定的事情而感到焦虑，语气较口语化。 care 指“在乎、关心”，强调对某人或某事的重视和爱护。 典型例句对比： concern: There is growing concern about the loss of biodiversity in this area. worry: Her constant worry about the future prevented her from enjoying the present. care: She really cares about the welfare of these endangered animals. 【单句语法填空】： ① As far as I’m ________ (concern), we should take immediate action to protect this species. ② The teacher showed great ________ (concern) for the students‘ mental health during the exam period. ③ ________ (concern) the issue of wildlife protection, the government has passed several new laws. [5. adapt vi. 适应 vt. 使适应；使适合；改编；改写] 【教材原句】： Elephants need large living spaces, so it’s difficult for them to adapt to the changes. （出自教材第15页Reading and Thinking部分） 【归纳拓展】： adapt (oneself) to... 使自己适应...... adapt sth. for sth. 改编/改装某物以用于...... adapt sth. from sth. 从......改编某物 be adapted from... 改编自...... adaptable adj. 适应性强的；能适应的 adaptation n. 适应；改编本 【链接高考】： ① (2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷 听力第15题) What does Victor find difficult as a member of the basketball team? A. Adapting himself to the intense training. ② (2021年北京市卷 阅读理解) To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment. ③ (2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 阅读理解) A mystery story adapted from Agatha Christie‘s novel will be shown on ITV1. 【写作佳句】： 应用文： As new students, we should try our best to adapt ourselves to the new school environment as soon as possible. 读后续写： Having adapted to the harsh conditions of the Arctic, the explorers were able to continue their journey despite the freezing temperatures. 【易混辨析】： adapt 指“调整以适应新环境、新情况”，也可指“改编文学作品”。 adopt 指“采纳、采用（方法、建议）”，或“收养（孩子）”，词形相似但意义不同。 adjust 指“微调以适应”，强调细微的调整，常与to搭配。 典型例句对比： adapt: It took her a long time to adapt to the new lifestyle in the city. adopt: The committee decided to adopt the new teaching method. adjust: You need to adjust your expectations to the reality of the situation. 【单句语法填空】： ① It is not easy for wild animals ________ (adapt) to the changes in their natural habitats. ② The film is ________ (adapt) from a best-selling novel written by a famous author. ③ With great determination, he quickly adapted ________ (he) to the new working conditions. [6. alarm vt. 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 n. 恐慌；警报；警报器] 【教材原句】： Our planet’s wildlife is dying out at an alarming rate. （出自教材第14页Listening and Speaking部分） 【归纳拓展】： alarmed adj. 惊恐的；担忧的 alarming adj. 惊人的；使人惊恐的 be alarmed at/by... 对......感到惊慌/害怕 ring/sound the alarm 敲警钟；发警报 in alarm 惊恐地 【链接高考】： ① (2026年1月浙江高考首考 语法填空) The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air — a scream that always ended in laughter. ② (2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试湖北卷 阅读理解A篇) One morning a few years ago, Harvard President Neil Rudenstine overslept. For this busy man, it was a sort of alarm: after years of non-stop hard work, he might wear himself out and die an early death. 【写作佳句】： 应用文： The local government has sounded the alarm on the sharp decline of the endangered species, calling for immediate action from the public. 读后续写： Alarmed by the strange noise coming from the forest, the little girl grabbed her mother‘s hand tightly, her eyes wide with fear. 【易混辨析】： alarm 强调“因突然的危险或意外而感到惊恐”，也可指“警报器”本身。 frighten 泛指“使害怕”，语气较通用，常用于人或动物。 terrify 语气比frighten更强，指“使极度恐惧”。 典型例句对比： alarm: The sudden noise alarmed the birds, and they flew away in all directions. frighten: The loud thunder frightened the little child. terrify: The thought of speaking in public terrified her. 【单句语法填空】： ① The ________ (alarm) report about the oil spill shocked everyone present. ② She was ________ (alarm) to find that her wallet was missing from her bag. ③ The villagers rang the ________ (alarm) as soon as they spotted the wildfire in the distance. [7. due adj. 到期的；预期的；应有的 n. 应得之物] 【归纳拓展】： due to... 由于；因为（后接名词或名词短语） be due to do sth. 预期做某事；定于做某事 be due to sb. 应归于某人；欠某人的 【链接高考】： ① (2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷 阅读理解A篇) An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. ② (2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷 阅读理解A篇第23题) What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date? ③ (2021年全国乙卷 语法填空第65、66空) Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. 【写作佳句】： 应用文： Due to the heavy rain, the outdoor wildlife observation activity has been postponed to next Saturday. 读后续写： The ship was due to arrive at the port at dawn, but the violent storm delayed its journey by nearly twelve hours. 【易混辨析】： due to 指“由于”，常作表语或状语，强调原因，较正式。 because of 指“因为”，作状语，强调直接原因，较通用。 owing to 指“由于”，与due to相近，但更常用于正式书面语。 thanks to 指“多亏了”，带有感激色彩，强调积极的原因。 典型例句对比： due to: The game was cancelled due to the bad weather. because of: She was late because of the heavy traffic. owing to: Owing to a lack of funding, the project had to be abandoned. thanks to: Thanks to the efforts of the volunteers, many animals were saved. 【单句语法填空】： ① The concert was postponed ________ due to the sudden storm. ② The new policy is due ________ (come) into effect next month. ③ The successful rescue of the injured whale was due ________ the quick response of the local fishermen. 二、核心语法精讲 现在进行时的被动语态 【感知·语法规律】 （一）教材原文感知 1. "Our classroom is being cleaned by the students now." 主语"classroom"是动作"clean"的承受者，结构为"is being cleaned"，表示此时此刻正在进行的被动动作。 2. "A new library is being built in our school this term." 主语"library"是动作"build"的承受者，结构为"is being built"，表示现阶段（本学期）正在进行的被动动作。 3. "The letters are being typed by the secretary when I passed by." 主语"letters"是动作"type"的承受者，结构为"are being typed"，强调过去某一刻正在进行的被动动作（与when引导的时间状语呼应）。 （二）高考真题感知 近几年高考英语真题语法填空部分专门考查“现在进行时的被动语态”（am/is/are being done）的题目频率较低。被动语态是高频考点，但主要集中在一般现在时、一般过去时以及情态动词的被动语态。现将其中一些被动语态的真题改编为考查现在进行时被动语态的题目，以对比深化理解。 1.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空 第65题）What should ______ (do) with such a beautiful place? 改编题： A new conservation project ______ (carry out) in this beautiful national park right now to protect its unique ecosystem. 2.（2025年全国高考一卷语法填空 第60题）The players' personalities ______ (reveal) during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent. 改编题： The players' personalities ______ (reveal) to the audience through the live broadcast on the sports channel at this very moment. 3.（2024年新课标Ⅰ卷语法填空 第9题）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing the steps along the Silk Route ______ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 改编题： The Glasshouse, which ______ (restore) by a team of experts at present, stands as a great achievement in contemporary design. 4.（2023年全国甲卷语法填空 第70题）Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ______ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 改编题： A new teaching method ______ (test) in several schools across the city this week to see if it is effective. 5.（2026年高考北京卷语法填空 第18题）Universities ______ (design) along the three unities of French classical tragedy: time, action, and place. 改编题： A new smart classroom ______ (build) in our school at present to provide students with better learning resources. 6.（2022年全国乙卷语法填空 第67题）I ______ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage while constantly growing. 改编题： Visitors from all over the world ______ (attract) by the unique charm of this ancient city right now. 7.（2024年新课标Ⅱ卷语法填空 第6题）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ______ (build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace. 改编题： A modern art museum ______ (construct) near the city center at the moment to showcase contemporary works. 8.（2025年高考北京卷语法填空 第16题）Usually, better outcomes ______ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 改编题： A new solution ______ (discuss) by the committee right now to address the environmental issues. 9.（2026年全国一卷语法填空 第18题）Universities ______ (design) along the three unities of French classical tragedy: time, action, and place. 改编题： Several new courses ______ (design) by the teaching staff this semester to meet the students' needs. 10.（2023年新课标Ⅰ卷语法填空 第61题）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ______ (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents. 改编题： The damaged bridges ______ (repair) by the local government at present to ensure the safety of the residents. 【精讲·语法知识】 （一）构成详解 现在进行时的被动语态核心是"强调动作正在被进行"，结构需同时体现"现在进行时"和"被动语态"的特征： 语法维度 具体结构 示例 核心定义 强调动作正在被进行，结构需同时体现 “现在进行时” 和 “被动语态” 的核心特征 - 基础结构（第一人称单数 I） am being + 过去分词 I am being interviewed now. 基础结构（第三人称单数 he/she/it/ 单数名词） is being + 过去分词 The dog is being trained. 基础结构（复数人称 we/you/they/ 复数名词） are being + 过去分词 They are being praised by the teacher. 否定式 在 be 动词（am/is/are）后加 not，即：am/is/are + not + being + 过去分词 The project is not being delayed. 疑问式 将 be 动词（am/is/are）提前至句首，即：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + being + 过去分词？ Is the machine being checked? （二）用法分类 1. 表示此时此刻正在进行的被动动作 强调"说话瞬间动作正在被执行"，常与now, look, at the moment等时间状语连用。 例句：The window is being cleaned by Tom at the moment.（汤姆此刻正在擦窗户。） 典例：选择合适的选项填空。 The new road ______ (build) by the workers. They work from morning to evening these days. A. is being built B. is built C. was being built 2. 表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作 动作不一定在说话瞬间正在进行，但在当前一段时间内持续进行。 例句：A new subway line is being built in our city.（我们城市正在修建一条新地铁线路。）（可能不是此刻正在挖，但这一阶段持续进行） 3. 用于祈使句或警告语境 强调"正在被进行的动作需注意"。 例句：Don't touch the equipment—it's being tested.（别碰设备，它正在被测试。） 典例：判断句子正误，错误的请改正。 Don't enter the room. Some important things are discussed. 4. 与情态动词连用 表示"情态动词+正在被..."，结构为"情态动词 + be being + 过去分词"。 例句：The issue must be being discussed at the meeting.（这个问题一定正在会议上被讨论。） 典例：选择合适的选项填空。 The matter ______ (must, handle) right now. A. must handle B. must be handling C. must be being handled （三）特殊注意事项 1. 仅适用于及物动词 不及物动词（如happen, appear, come等）无被动语态，不可用于现在进行时的被动。 ✘ 错误：A accident is being happened. ✔ 正确：An accident is happening. 典例：选择正确的句子。 A. A strange event is being occurred in the village. B. A strange event is occurring in the village. 典例：“延续性动词的正确使用”判断句子正误，错误的请改正。 The old man is being died in the hospital. 2. being不可省略 省略being会变成一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are + 过去分词），语义完全不同。 现在进行时被动：The house is being painted.（房子正在被粉刷。） 一般现在时被动：The house is painted every year.（房子每年被粉刷。） 典例：判断句子表达的意思是否相同，不同的请说明。 ① The car is repaired by the mechanic. ② The car is being repaired by the mechanic. 3. 不与短暂性动词连用 短暂性动词（如finish, start, die等）表示瞬间动作，无法"正在被进行"。 ✘ 错误：The work is being finished. ✔ 正确：The work is being done.（用延续性动词do替代） 典例：选择合适的选项填空。 The project ______ (finish) by the team, so please wait for a moment. A. is being finished B. is being done C. was finished 【对点练习】 （一）单句填空 1. These old photos ______ (sort) by my grandmother now, so don't disturb her. 2. A new song ______ (sing) by the singer in the studio at the moment, and it sounds great. 3. The problem ______ (talk) about by the experts, but they haven't reached an agreement yet. （二）选项填空 1.“与一般过去时被动语态的区分” The bridge ______ (repair) when the storm came last night. A. is being repaired B. was being repaired C. was repaired 2.“与现在完成时被动语态的区分” The house ______ (paint) since last week, and it's still not done. A. is being painted B. has been painted C. has been being painted 3.“多主语时的主谓一致” A new school and a library ______ (build) in our town now. A. is being built B. are being built C. was being built （三）翻译句子 1. 这家工厂的旧设备正在被先进的机器人取代。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. 现在，一场关于环境保护的重要会议正在市政厅被举行。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. 这些珍贵的文物正在被专家们小心地修复，预计下个月完成。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 三、单元写作清单 写作话题：野生动物保护（Wildlife Protection） 文体类型 适用场景 沟通对象 写作目的 倡议书 校园环保周、社团动员大会、社区宣传日 在校同学、社会公众 号召大家开展集体行动 建议信 反馈城市鸟类撞窗、景区动物表演等现实问题 当地政府、动物园管理部门、环保组织、校报编辑 递交对应的整改、优化方案 演讲稿 英语演讲赛事、课堂主题汇报、国旗下发言 现场听众 依靠逻辑与感染力说服听众 记叙文 记述志愿相关经历、人与动物故事 阅读者 讲述救助受伤动物、游览自然保护区等事件，触发读者情感共鸣 1. 话题分析 核心话题：野生动物面临的生存危机（如栖息地丧失、非法盗猎、气候变化）及其保护措施。 常见命题角度： (1)描述某种濒危动物的现状（如藏羚羊、大熊猫、长江江豚）； (2)分析保护野生动物的必要性（生态平衡、生物多样性、人类责任）； (3)提出具体保护措施（建立自然保护区、加强立法、提高公众意识）； (4)倡议或呼吁大家参与保护行动。 写作要点： (1)数据或事实支撑（如“藏羚羊数量从百万锐减至十万”）； (2)情感共鸣（如“它们是无辜的伙伴”）； (3)行动导向（“我们可以做什么”）。 2. 写作框架（以倡议书为例） 段落 内容要点 常用表达 开头 自我介绍 + 引出主题 + 发起号召 I’m writing to call on... / As a student concerned about..., I feel it urgent to... 主体① 描述现状：哪些动物面临威胁，原因是什么 Unfortunately, ... are in danger due to... / The number of... has decreased sharply because of... 主体② 阐述保护的意义（生态、道德、未来） Wildlife plays a vital role in... / It is our duty to... 主体③ 提出具体建议（个人、学校、社会层面） We can start by... / Besides, we should... / What’s more, ... 结尾 再次呼吁，表达期待或决心 Only by joining hands can we... / Let’s take action before it’s too late! 3. 写作素材 核心词汇 动物与生存：endangered species（濒危物种）, poaching（偷猎）, habitat loss（栖息地丧失）, food chain（食物链）, biodiversity（生物多样性） 保护行动：reserve（保护区）, ban（禁令）, campaign（活动）, volunteer（志愿者）, sustainable（可持续的） 程度词：dramatically（剧烈地）, urgently（紧迫地）, increasingly（日益） 常用句式 功能 句式 开头 ① Recently, the alarming decline in wildlife has drawn public attention. ② It is high time that we took action to protect those helpless creatures. 主体 ① Faced with such a severe situation, we must not turn a blind eye.（非谓语） ② Only when we understand the value of every species can we truly protect them.（倒装） ③ The reason why we should protect tigers is that they are at the top of the food chain.（主从复合句） 结尾 ① Had we done more earlier, fewer species would have disappeared.（倒装虚拟） ② Let’s make it a habit to refuse products made from endangered animals. 4. 范文背诵 范文一（倡议书——保护藏羚羊） 语法亮点：非谓语（Facing）、倒装（Not only...but also）、主从复合句（what we can do / because...） Dear fellow students, Facing the sharp decline of Tibetan antelopes due to illegal poaching, I feel it urgent to call on everyone to join the protection action. These graceful animals are being hunted ruthlessly for their wool, which is used to make expensive shawls. Not only does this crime destroy their population, but also it upsets the ecological balance on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. What we can do is simple: refuse to buy any product made from animal fur, support anti-poaching laws, and spread awareness among friends. Remember, only if we respect every life can we live in harmony with nature. Let’s start from today—say no to wildlife trade, and yes to a future with them running freely on the snowland! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 范文二（建议信——给当地政府关于建立保护区的建议） 语法亮点：非谓语（To begin with）、倒装（Only through...）、主从复合句（which is home to... / if we...） Dear Sir or Madam, I am a high school student who cares deeply about the local wetland, which is home to hundreds of migratory birds. I’m writing to offer some suggestions on establishing a nature reserve there. To begin with, the wetland is shrinking because of farm expansion, putting many bird species at risk. Therefore, I suggest that the area be officially listed as a protected zone, with strict rules against construction and hunting. Besides, we could set up an education center to teach visitors about bird protection. Only through such efforts can we maintain the ecological function of the wetland. I sincerely hope you will consider my proposals. If we act now, these birds will continue to grace our city every spring. Thank you for your time and attention. Yours faithfully, Li Hua 范文赏析 1.范文一采用倡议书体裁，第一人称视角，情感强烈。第二段用“Not only...but also”倒装强调双重危害，结尾用“only if”倒装加强呼吁力度。 2.范文二为建议信，结构清晰（总—分—总）。开头用非限制性定语从句介绍湿地；主体用“To begin with”“Besides”逻辑递进，结尾用“If we”条件句表达乐观期待。 3.两篇均包含主从复合句（定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句）、非谓语（doing/done作状语或定语）和倒装句（部分倒装），符合高考高分作文要求。 【易错点01 endanger / endangered / endangered species 辨析】 【一句话辨异】 Human activities endanger many wild animals, making them endangered species; therefore, we must take action to protect these endangered animals from extinction. 人类活动危及许多野生动物，使它们成为濒危物种；因此，我们必须采取行动保护这些濒危动物免于灭绝。 【助记口诀】 endanger 是动词“危及”，endangered 是形“濒危的”； endangered species “濒危物种”，保护它们刻不容缓！ 【错因辨析】 1. endanger vt. 危及；危害；使遭危险 侧重“使……处于危险之中”的动作 例句：Pollution endangers the health of wild animals. 污染危及野生动物的健康。 例句：The construction of the new road will endanger the local wildlife. 新公路的建设将危及当地的野生动物。 2. endangered adj. 濒危的；濒临灭绝的 侧重“处于灭绝危险中的”状态 常见搭配：endangered species 濒危物种；endangered animals 濒危动物 例句：Tibetan antelopes are an endangered species. 藏羚羊是一种濒危物种。 3. danger n. 危险；in danger 处于危险中 例句：Many wild animals are in danger of extinction. 许多野生动物面临灭绝的危险。 【对点训练】 （ ）1. The ______ of these rare birds calls for immediate action; otherwise, human activities will continue to ______ their survival. A. endangered; danger B. danger; endanger C. endangered; endanger D. danger; endangered （ ）2. The government has set up several nature reserves to protect ______ species like the giant panda. A. danger B. dangerous C. endangered D. endangering 【易错点02 reserve / preserve / conserve 辨析】 【一句话辨异】 The government set up a nature reserve to preserve the habitat of wild animals and conserve natural resources for future generations. 政府建立了一个自然保护区来保存野生动物的栖息地，并为后代节约自然资源。 【助记口诀】 reserve“保护区”作名词，动“预订”要分清； preserve“保存”护原样，conserve“节约”合理用。 【错因辨析】 这三个词在“保护”话题中极易混淆： 1. reserve 作名词：保护区；储备（物） nature reserve 自然保护区 wildlife reserve 野生动物保护区 oil reserves 石油储备 作动词：预订；保留 reserve a room 预订房间 例句：This area is a strict nature reserve. 这个地区是严格的自然保护区。 2. preserve vt. 保存；保护；维持 侧重“保持原状、完好保存”，使某物免受破坏（参见必修一 Unit 1 易错点01） 例句：We should preserve the natural habitat of these animals. 我们应该保护这些动物的自然栖息地。 3. conserve vt. 节约；保护；保存 侧重“合理使用、节约资源”，强调“避免浪费” 常见搭配：conserve energy / water / resources 节约能源/水资源/资源 例句：We should conserve water to protect the environment. 我们应该节约用水以保护环境。 【对点训练】 （ ）1. The Wolong Nature ______ was established to ______ the habitat of giant pandas. A. Reserve; preserve B. Preserve; reserve C. Conservation; preserve D. Reserve; conserve （ ）2. To protect the environment, we should learn to ______ natural resources and avoid wasting them. A. reserve B. preserve C. conserve D. observe 【易错点03 aware / awareness 的用法】 【一句话辨异】 We should be aware of the importance of wildlife protection and raise public awareness of this issue so that more people can join us. 我们应该意识到野生动物保护的重要性，并提高公众对这一问题的意识，以便更多人能加入我们。 【助记口诀】 aware 形容词“意识到”，be aware of 后接名； awareness 名词“意识”，raise awareness“提高意识”记心中。 【错因辨析】 1. aware adj. 知道；发觉；有……意识的 be aware of + 名词/代词/动名词 意识到…… be aware that + 从句 知道……；意识到…… 例句：Everyone should be aware of the importance of protecting wildlife. 每个人都应该意识到保护野生动物的重要性。 例句：We are aware that many species are in danger of extinction. 我们知道许多物种面临灭绝的危险。 反义词：unaware adj. 不知道的；未发觉的 2. awareness n. 意识；认识 raise / increase awareness of ... 提高对……的意识 例句：The purpose of this activity is to raise public awareness of wildlife protection. 这次活动的目的是提高公众对野生动物保护的意识。 3. 易错点： ❌ 错误：aware the importance（aware 后缺介词） ✅ 正确：be aware of the importance ❌ 错误：raise aware of（aware 是形容词，不能作宾语） ✅ 正确：raise awareness of 【对点训练】 （ ）1. It is important for everyone to ______ the serious situation that endangered animals are facing. A. aware of B. be aware of C. be aware that D. aware that （ ）2. The documentary about wildlife aims to ______ people's ______ the protection of endangered species. A. raise; awareness of B. rise; awareness of C. raise; aware of D. rise; aware of 【易错点04 die out / die off / die away / die down 辨析】 【一句话辨异】 If we don't take action, many species will die out forever; their populations are dying off rapidly, the noise of human activities never dies away, and we cannot let the public's concern die down. 如果我们不采取行动，许多物种将永远灭绝；它们的种群数量正在迅速消亡，人类活动的噪音从未消失，我们不能让公众的关注减弱。 【助记口诀】 die out“灭绝”全消失，die off“相继死”去； die away“渐消失”（声音风），die down“渐减弱”（火热情）。 【错因辨析】 1. die out （物种、风俗、语言等）灭绝；消失 侧重“完全消失、不复存在”，常与 species，custom，language 等搭配 例句：Many wild animals will die out if we don't protect them. 如果我们不保护它们，许多野生动物将会灭绝。 2. die off 相继死去；一一死去 侧重“群体逐个死亡” 例句：The deer in this area are dying off because of the serious disease. 由于严重的疾病，这个地区的鹿正在相继死去。 3. die away （声音、光线、风等）逐渐消失 侧重“渐渐变弱直至消失” 例句：The sound of the footsteps died away in the distance. 脚步声在远处渐渐消失。 4. die down （火、兴奋、情感、风暴等）逐渐减弱；平息 侧重“由强变弱” 例句：The fire died down after the firefighters arrived. 消防员到达后火势逐渐减弱。 【对点训练】 （ ）1. If we do nothing to protect the endangered species, they will soon ______ forever. A. die off B. die away C. die out D. die down （ ）2. The applause ______ after the singer left the stage. A. died out B. died away C. died off D. died down 一、默写重点单词（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 根据首字母或中文提示，写出本单元所学单词的正确形式。 1. s___________ n. 物种 2. h___________ n. 栖息地 3. e___________ adj. 已灭绝的 4. p___________ v. 偷猎 5. i___________ adj. 不合法的；非法的 6. r___________ n. 保护区；储备 v. 预订；保留 7. a___________ v. 使适应；使适合；改编 8. t___________ v. 威胁；危及 9. b___________ n. 生物多样性 10. c___________ n. 保护；保存 二、词汇运用（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） A. 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. Many wild animals are in danger of ________ (extinct) due to habitat loss. 2. The government has taken strong measures against ________ (legal) hunting. 3. Some species have successfully ________ (adapt) to the changing environment. 4. The ________ (apply) of new technology has helped protect endangered wildlife. 5. She is deeply ________ (concern) about the future of these rare animals. 6. The ________ (exist) of these animals depends on our protection efforts. 7. We should raise public ________ (aware) of the importance of wildlife protection. 8. The organization has made great ________ (contribute) to animal conservation. 9. Many species are ________ (threat) by climate change and human activities. 10. The ________ (recover) of the giant panda population is a success story. B. 根据汉语提示完成句子（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1. Many animals are ________ ________ ________ (面临灭绝的危险) because of human activities. 2. We should ________ ________ ________ (意识到) the importance of protecting wildlife. 3. The number of wild tigers has ________ ________ (减少) in recent decades. 4. It is important for animals to ________ ________ (适应) the changing environment. 5. The government has ________ ________ (采取措施) to protect endangered species. 三、重点句型（共5小题，每小题3分，共15分） 根据所给句式和中文提示完成句子。 1. 句型公式：现在进行时的被动语态（am/is/are + being + 过去分词） Many wild animals ____________________ (正在被非法猎杀) for their fur and bones. 2. 句型公式：This is why... ____________________ (这就是为什么) we must take immediate action to protect wildlife. 3. 句型公式：It is + adj. + that... ____________________ (……是很重要的) we work together to preserve the habitats of endangered species. 4. 句型公式：There is no doubt that... ____________________ (毫无疑问) human activities have caused great damage to wildlife. 5. 句型公式：Only by... can we... ____________________ (只有通过共同努力) can we ensure the survival of these precious animals. 四、课文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the 1980s, the number of Tibetan antelopes 1.________ (drop) by 50% because they were being hunted 2.________ (illegal) for their valuable fur. The antelope population 3.________ (be) on the edge of extinction. 4.________ (fortune), the Chinese government realized the seriousness of the situation and took 5.________ (measure) to protect them. Volunteers were sent to the reserve 6.________ (watch) over the antelopes day and night. The reserve 7.________ (establish) in 1992 to provide a safe home for these 8.________ (endanger) animals. Thanks to these efforts, the antelope population 9.________ (recover) gradually. This shows 10.________ we can make a difference when we work together to protect wildlife. 五、阅读理解（共2篇，8小题，每小题2.5分，共20分） A [2026·原创·动物生存智慧] Humans sweat to keep cool. But did you know that besides humans, only a small percentage of the world’s animals keep cool by sweating? In fact, animals have a variety of ways to beat the heat, some of which might even seem a little bit strange. Giraffes live in a particularly dry, hot environment, but they don’t sweat. How do they stay cool? The answer lies in their beautiful skin pattern, which is like a large network with a very complex vascular (血管的) system under each patch. A giraffe’s special blood flow can force heat out of its body. Because of their rather large skin surface, this is a more-than-effective way to escape the heat. Elephants, as the largest land animals on earth, rely on their huge pair of ears. Simply by flapping their ears, elephants can lower their body temperature by 12°C or more. Moreover, elephants often open their ears when facing the wind to achieve this cooling effect. Dogs’ way of escaping the heat is probably the most common in our daily lives—sticking their tongues out. By breathing heavily, dogs quickly force the heat from their body and breathe cooler air in, which enters their lungs and cools their entire body. Koalas are well-known for their laziness, so it’s natural to see one lying on a branch and think it’s just resting. In fact, during hot weather, koalas move to the cooler tree bark. By getting into the cool surface of the bark, koalas can stay relatively comfortable during Australia’s powerful heat waves. 1. How do dogs beat the heat? A. By choosing suitable tree bark. B. By sticking their tongues out. C. By flapping their ears. D. By special blood flow. 2. Which of the following animals uses their habitat to cool down? A. Giraffe.B. Elephants.C. Dogs.D. Koalas. 3. What do the four animals have in common according to the passage? A. They all live in hot environments. B. They don’t sweat to keep cool. C. They all have large skin surfaces. D. They are all endangered species. 4. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To compare different animals’ living habits. B. To explain how some animals keep cool without sweating. C. To warn people about global warming. D. To encourage people to protect animals. B [2026·原创·野生动物保护] The Tibetan antelope, known locally as the “chiru”, is one of the most endangered species in the world. These graceful animals live on the high-altitude plains of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where the air is thin and the winters are extremely cold. For centuries, Tibetan antelopes were hunted for their soft and warm wool, called “shahtoosh”, which is used to make expensive shawls. It takes the wool of three to five adult antelopes to make just one shawl. In the 1980s and 1990s, illegal hunting reduced the antelope population from over one million to fewer than 75,000. In response to this crisis, the Chinese government took strong action. The Changtang National Nature Reserve was established in 1993, covering an area of about 300,000 square kilometers. Armed patrols (巡逻队) were sent to protect the antelopes from poachers. The government also worked with international organizations to ban the trade of shahtoosh. Thanks to these efforts, the Tibetan antelope population has recovered remarkably. By 2020, the population had risen to over 300,000. The species was downgraded from “endangered” to “near threatened” on the IUCN Red List in 2021. The story of the Tibetan antelope shows that when we take action, we can make a difference. However, challenges remain. Climate change and habitat loss continue to threaten these animals. Continued efforts are needed to ensure their long-term survival. 5. What is the Tibetan antelope also known as? A. Shahtoosh.B. Chiru.C. Panda.D. Snow leopard. 6. Why were Tibetan antelopes hunted in large numbers? A. For their meat.B. For their bones. C. For their soft wool.D. For their horns. 7. What measure did the Chinese government take to protect Tibetan antelopes? A. Building zoos for them. B. Establishing a nature reserve and sending patrols. C. Moving them to warmer places. D. Feeding them in captivity. 8. What can we infer from the passage? A. The Tibetan antelope is no longer in any danger. B. Protection efforts have been successful but need to continue. C. The government has given up protecting the antelope. D. The antelope population will never recover. 六、七选五（共5小题，每小题3分，共15分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Wildlife is an important part of our natural world. 1.________ They provide us with food, medicine, and many other resources. They also help maintain the balance of nature. However, wildlife is facing serious threats today. Habitat loss is one of the biggest problems. 2.________ Many animals lose their homes and are forced to move to smaller areas. Climate change is another major threat. Rising temperatures affect animals’ living conditions and food sources. Illegal hunting is also a great danger to wildlife. 3.________ Some animals are killed for their fur, bones, or other body parts. This has led to the extinction of some species. 4.________ Many countries have passed laws to protect endangered species. Nature reserves have been set up to provide safe homes for wildlife. International organizations like WWF and IUCN work to raise awareness and support conservation efforts. As individuals, we can also help. We can learn more about wildlife and spread the message of protection. 5.________ Remember, every small action counts! A. Some animals are hunted for their meat and skins. B. These animals are important for many reasons. C. We can also reduce our use of products that harm wildlife. D. As forests are cut down and land is developed, animals lose their habitats. E. All animals should be kept in zoos. F. Fortunately, many efforts are being made to protect wildlife. G. Climate change has no effect on wildlife. 七、书面表达（共1题，15分） 假设你是李华，你校英语报正在举办以“Wildlife Protection”为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下要点写一篇短文投稿： 1. 当前野生动物面临的威胁（至少两点）； 2. 保护野生动物的重要性； 3. 青少年可以采取的行动（至少两点）。 注意： - 词数100词左右； - 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； - 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Wildlife protection is a topic that concerns us all. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $