Unit 2 Home Sweet Home（知识讲解）2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了“Unit 2 Home Sweet Home”单元内容，涵盖家庭生活词汇、can/could表请求与许可的语法、邮件求助写作等核心范畴，搭建“词汇积累—语法应用—语用输出”的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类呈现（Section A/B词汇分模块）、对比辨析（home与family等易混词表格）、情境化写作框架（邮件求助范文）构建知识体系，以“语法用法表格”明确can/could语气差异及回答方式，培养学生语言能力和思维品质，随堂练习即时检测，助力学生自主学习，教师可精准设计教学活动。

Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 知识讲解 一、学习目标 1. talk about doing chores at home.（谈论在家做家务） 2. use can/could to make requests and ask for permission.（用 can/could 表请求与许可） 3. learn words and phrases about home and family life.（学习家庭生活词汇和短语） 4. write an email asking a friend for help with room decoration.（写邮件求助朋友帮忙装饰房间） 二、单元概览 主题语境 人与社会→家庭生活；大问题：家对你意味着什么？ Section A 词汇 家务及家庭生活词汇：chore, dish, sweep, floor, rubbish, fold, mess, throw, neither, shirt, pass, borrow, lend, finger, hate, while, snack, home, warmth, reunion, comfortable, tidy, decorate Section B 词汇 情感与装饰词：comfortable, tidy, decorate, warmth, reunion, hate, while, neither, borrow, lend 重点短语 1. do chores 2. do the dishes 3. sweep the floor 4. take out the rubbish 5. make the bed 6. fold the clothes 7. living room 8. go out for dinner 9. stay out late 10. get a ride 11. hate to do 12. in order to 13. depend on 14. take care of 15. as a result 语法重点 1. Can/Could 表请求与许可（requests and permission）2. 请求句的肯定与否定回答 写作任务 邮件求助装饰房间（Email a friend for help with decorating your room） 三、Section A 课文讲解 1. chore (n.) 杂务/家务 指日常家务杂事，常用 do chores。 » I help my mother do chores every weekend. » Doing chores is part of family life. » She hates doing chores. 2. sweep (v.) 扫 指清扫地面，过去式为 swept。 » Could you sweep the floor? » She swept the kitchen floor yesterday. » I need to sweep the living room. 3. floor (n.) 地板 指室内地面，常与 sweep 连用。 » The floor is very clean. » Please don't throw rubbish on the floor. » She mopped the floor this morning. 4. mess (n.) 杂乱 指杂乱状态，常用 in a mess。 » Your room is in a mess! » What a mess! Please clean it up. » The kitchen was a mess after the party. 5. throw (v.) 扔 指抛掷，过去式为 threw。 » Don't throw the rubbish on the floor. » He threw the ball to me. » She threw away the old newspapers. 6. fold (v.) 折叠 指折叠衣物，常用 fold the clothes。 » Could you fold the clothes? » She folded the blanket neatly. » I need to fold these shirts. 四、Section B 课文讲解 1. neither (pron./adj.) 两者都不 表两者否定，谓语用单数。 » Neither of them likes doing chores. » Neither answer is correct. » I like neither of the shirts. 2. borrow (v.) 借入 指从别人处借来，常用 borrow sth from sb。 » Can I borrow your pen? » I borrowed a book from the library. » She borrowed some money from her friend. 3. lend (v.) 借出 指借给别人，过去式为 lent。 » Can you lend me your umbrella? » She lent her bike to me yesterday. » I will lend you some money. 4. comfortable (adj.) 舒适的 指舒适的感觉，反义词 uncomfortable。 » This sofa is very comfortable. » My room is comfortable and tidy. » I feel comfortable at home. 5. decorate (v.) 装饰 指装饰布置，名词形式为 decoration。 » I want to decorate my room. » She decorated the house for the party. » We decorated the classroom with flowers. 五、语法重点 Can/Could 表请求与许可 情态动词 用法 语气 例句 can 表请求/许可 较随意 Can I use your pen? could 表请求/许可 更委婉礼貌 Could you help me? can 表能力 能/会 I can swim. could 表过去能力 过去能/会 I could swim at age five. 请求句的肯定与否定回答 问句类型 肯定回答 否定回答 例句 Could you...? Yes, sure. / Of course. Sorry, I can't. Could you sweep the floor? — Yes, sure. Can I...? Yes, you can. / Sure. No, you can't. / Sorry. Can I borrow your book? — Sure. 六、易混辨析 home 与 family 的区别 词 含义 侧重点 例句 home 家 强调情感和归属 East or west, home is best. family 家庭 强调家庭成员 My family has four people. borrow 与 lend 的区别 动词 含义 方向 例句 borrow 借入 从别人那里借来 I borrowed a book from the library. lend 借出 借给别人 Can you lend me your pen? 七、主题写作 写作任务 邮件求助装饰房间（Email a friend for help with decorating your room） 写作框架 1. 第一段：问候朋友并说明写信目的 2. 第二段：具体说明装饰房间的想法和需要的帮助 3. 第三段：表达感谢并期待回复 范文参考 Dear Tom, How are you? I want to decorate my room, but I need some help. Could you give me some advice? First, I want to paint the walls blue. What color do you think is best? Second, I need to buy some new furniture. Could you help me choose a comfortable chair? Also, I want to put some plants in my room. Do you think that's a good idea? I hope to make my room more comfortable and beautiful. Can you come over this weekend? I would really appreciate your help. Yours, Li Ming 八、随堂练习 I. 单项选择 1. —Could you please ______ the floor? —Sure, I'll do it right away. A. make B. sweep C. fold D. throw 【答案】B sweep the floor 意为“扫地”。 2. I need to ______ a book from the library tomorrow. A. borrow B. lend C. pass D. throw 【答案】A borrow 意为“借入”，从别人处借来。 3. —______ I use your pen? —Of course. Here you are. A. Must B. Could C. Should D. Need 【答案】B Could 表委婉请求，语气礼貌。 II. 词汇填空 1. Could you please ______ (fold) the clothes for me? 【答案】fold fold the clothes 意为“叠衣服”。 2. Don't ______ (throw) the rubbish on the floor. 【答案】throw throw the rubbish 意为“扔垃圾”。 3. She ______ (lend) me her umbrella yesterday. 【答案】lent lend 的过去式为 lent。 第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $