内容正文:
UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS
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聚焦 层级突破
进阶 多维检测
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培优 提能加餐
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课时作业
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培优 提能加餐
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课时作业
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主题语境 人与社会——人际关系
词块背诵
1.social networking社交网络
2.handle the problem properly恰当地处理问题
3.be upset about the test result对考试结果感到不安
4.raise a question at the meeting在会上提出一个问题
5.highlight the key words标出关键词
6.create more apps开发出更多的应用程序
7.improve traffic flow改善交通
8.be dominated by the fate被命运主宰
佳句赏析
1.Make friends and be trustworthy. 与朋友交往,言而有信。
2.There are friends in the sea, and the ends of the earth are close to each other. 海内存知己,天涯若比邻。
3.The older the friend,the better the wine.朋友越老越好,美酒越陈越香。
4.Good words are warm in winter,bad words hurt in June. 良言一句三冬暖,恶语伤人六月寒。
[核心单词]
1.lack vt.缺乏
[教材原句] The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself.
问题是我对自己缺乏信心。
a lack of 缺乏
for lack of 因缺乏……
lack (for) nothing 没有欠缺
lacking adj. 缺乏的;不足的
be lacking in(=be short of) 缺少……
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)Anxiety can be caused by lack of sleep.
(2)Many associations are breaking up for lack of money.
(3)He is lacking (lack) in confidence.
[金句]——一句多译
尽管他缺少经验,他仍得到了这份工作。
(4)Despite his lack of experience ,he got the job.(lack n.)
(5)Although he lacked experience ,he got the job.(lack v.)
(6)Although lacking in experience ,he got the job.(lacking adj.)
2.access n.进入;接触的机会
[教材原句] The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children's minds when they are open and eager to learn.
作为一名教师,你可以在孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习时了解他们的思想。
①have access to... 有利用/进入……的权利/机会
②accessible adj.可以接近的;可以进入的;可以使用的
be accessible to...可以到达……;可以接近……;可以使用……
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)(2025·浙江1月卷)Interlibrary Loan (ILL) provides teachers, students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries, as well as digitized copies of articles and book chapters from our collection.
(2)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible (access) to all.
(3)Many stations have wheelchair access (accessible) from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
[金句]——一句多译
在我看来,孩子们应该有上网的机会。
(4)In my opinion,kids should have access to the Internet .(access)
(5)In my opinion,the Internet should be accessible to kids .(accessible)
3.worthwhile adj.值得做的;重要的;有益的
[教材原句] If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult,then I know what I'm doing is worthwhile.
如果我作为一名教师所做的可以帮助像格雷厄姆这样的孩子成为一个成功的成年人,那么我知道我所做的是值得的。
①It is worthwhile to do/doing sth. 值得做某事
②worth adj.值得的
be worth doing sth. 值得做某事
③worthy adj.值得的
be worthy of sth. 值得……的
be worthy to be done/of being done 值得被做
[点津] worth一般只作表语,可用程度副词well修饰;而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile (worth).
(2)Amy thought it was worthwhile to read/reading (read)English newspapers every day so she subscribed to the 21st Century.
(3)(2025·浙江1月卷)Here are some tips worth following (follow) in order to communicate more effectively (effective).
(4)Try to spend your time just on the things you find worthy of being done (do).
[金句]——完成句子
(5) I don't think it worthwhile to devote so much time to discussing the matter.
我认为花这么多时间来讨论这件事不值得。
4.preference n.偏爱,偏好
[教材原句] to depend on personal preference
依赖于个人的喜好
①preference n. [U,sing.]喜爱,偏爱;[C,U]优惠,优待;[C]偏爱的事物,最喜爱的东西
have a preference for...偏爱……
in preference to...优先于……;而不是……
give (a) preference to...给……以优惠;优待……
②preferable adj.更好的,更合适的
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)A combination of technology and tourism will be a future trend, given the preference(s) (prefer) of the younger consumers born in the 1990s and later.
(2)Prevention of a problem is always preferable (prefer) to trying to solve it.
(3)Each of us is likely to develop a personal preference for certain types of entertainment.
[金句]——完成句子
(4)All applications welcome, but preference will be given to those with diving qualifications.
欢迎所有的申请,但是优先权会给予有潜水证的那些人们。
[润中华]
For sustainable development, China government has decided to give preference to those energysaving and environmentfriendly businesses in many aspects.
在可持续发展方面,中国政府决定在很多方面优先考虑节能环保企业。
5.upset vt. 使生气,使心烦意乱
[教材原句] to get upset 变得心烦意乱
①be/feel upset about sth.为某事心烦
be upset to do sth./that...……让人不安/心烦
②It upsets sb.to do sth./that...让某人心烦的是……
③(近义词)nervous,uncomfortable
[点津] ①upset充当形容词时常用作表语,不能作定语;②upset作动词时,过去式和过去分词形式都是upset;其现在分词形式为upsetting。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)In my opinion,there is no point being upset about it.
(2)She was upset to know (know) that her application for the position was refused.
(3)(2022·全国乙卷)However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting (upset) consumers.
[金句]——句式升级
(4)I didn't know enough words and my grammar was also poor so it really made me upset.
→I didn't know enough words and my grammar was also poor, which really upsets me .(upset vt.定语从句)
6.ashamed adj.羞愧的;内疚的;惭愧的
[教材原句] to feel hurt/ashamed/discouraged
觉得受伤/惭愧/气馁
①be ashamed of (doing) sth. 因(做了)某事而感到羞愧
be ashamed to do sth.耻于做某事;因难为情而不愿做某事
be ashamed that...对……感到内疚/羞愧
②It's a shame that...……是令人遗憾的事
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)She was deeply ashamed of her behaviour at the party.
(2)I am ashamed to say (say)that I lied to my mother.
(3)She was ashamed that she looked so shabby.
[金句]——单句写作
(4) We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures .
我们常常为自己的缺点、错误和失败感到羞愧。
7.intention n.意图;目的;打算
[教材原句] But I do understand my teacher's intention.
但我确实理解老师的意图。
①intention of doing sth./to do sth.
做某事的意图、打算
with the intention of doing sth.
怀着做某事的目的、意图
②intend v.想要;打算;意欲
intend to do sth.打算做某事
intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事
eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(had intended to do/that,intended to have done))本来打算做……
be intended for为……打算(或设计)的
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)(2025·全国二卷)Who is the Mini Camp intended for ?
(2)Written communications can often read as cold and dull.Using emojis can add humor and feeling,keeping intention (intend)clear.
(3)(2022·北京卷)Fearful that he might have an intention to harm (harm) her, Helen started to run.
[金句]——句型转换
(4)The book is intended for the disabled children in the area and has been published.(过去分词短语作定语)
→The book intended for the disabled children in the area has been published.
8.associate v.与某人交往;联想,联系 adj.非正式的,副职的 n.伙伴
[教材原句] I have a neverending flow of messages and updates from all the people I associate with online.
我总是不停地收到交往的网友发来的信息和最新消息。
①associate...with...使……与……联系起来
associate with sb.与某人交往/联系
be associated with...与……有关
②association n.联合;联想;交往;协会;社团
in association with...与……联合/有关联
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)(2025·浙江1月卷)The stereotypes commonly associated (associate) with men, such as competitiveness and dominance, are more valued than those associated with women.
(2)(2025·全国一卷)I started an art project called Underwater Homeowners Association (associate) and painted numbers onto thousands of large signs.
(3)(2021·天津卷)The important thing is that the technologist associates what is happening outside the patient's body with what the patient sees in his head.
[金句]——完成句子
(4)This exhibition was organized by the local government in association with several papercutting artists .
这次展览是由当地政府联合一些剪纸艺术家共同组织的。
9.delay v.& n.推迟;延期;延误
[教材原句] Since I spend so much time socialising online,I keep delaying things that are important in my real life:homework,...
因为我花了太多的时间在网上社交,我总是推迟那些在我的现实生活中很重要的事情:家庭作业……
delay doing sth. 推迟做某事
be delayed by...因……而延误
without delay 赶快,立刻
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)I'm terribly sorry for having delayed answering (answer) your letter.
(2)The injured should be sent to the nearby hospital without delay.
(3)(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed (delay)payment.
[金句]——完成句子
(4)(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half . 由于一场大风暴,我的航班延误了一个半小时。
[间考词汇]
1.humour n.幽默感
►教师专用
①a sense of humour 幽默感
in a good/bad humour 心情好/坏
out of humour 心情不好
②humorous adj.幽默的;滑稽的
单句语法填空/ 完成句子
(1)Dad is always in a good humour for gardening.
(2)He is friendly and humourous (humour),and what he says can always please us as well.
(3)I was a little out of humour .
我心情不大好。
(4)He has a good sense of humour .
他很有幽默感。
2.occasionally adv.偶尔;偶然
►教师专用
①occasion n.场合;时机
on occasion有时,偶尔
if the occasion arises (=if the occasion should arise)必要的时候
on one occasion曾经,有一次
take/seize the occasion to do抓住时机做……,乘机做……
②occasional adj.偶尔的
单句语法填空/ 完成句子
(1)(2025·浙江1月卷)... even if that means occasionally (occasional) eating more cookies than carrots.
(2)Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
(3)(2024·北京卷)It's great to hear you're planning to write about China's achievements on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the founding of this country .
很高兴听到你计划在建国75周年之际写一篇关于中国成就的文章。
(4) On occasion he went to London to spend the weekend.
有时他去伦敦度周末。
3.grateful adj.感激的,感谢的
►教师专用
be grateful to sb. for sth.因某事感谢某人
be grateful that...感谢……
be grateful to do sth.因做某事而心存感激
be grateful/thankful for small mercies对微不足道的恩惠心存感激
gratitude n.感激之情
单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)He was grateful to have (have) someone to talk to.
(2)He was very grateful for all that you did.
(3)If people offer their help or wisdom as you go through life, accept it gratefully (grateful).
(4)(2024·全国甲卷)I am grateful that I did not need to go through the hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of education.
(5)When getting married, a couple kneel on the floor and pass the tea to their parents to express their gratitude (grateful).
(6)I am grateful to you for your timely help .
我对你及时的帮助充满感激。
4.pour vt.倒;注;灌 vi.(雨)倾盆而下;(水等)不断流出;(烟等)冒出;不断涌向/涌现
►教师专用
pour into/out of涌入/涌出
pour out毫无保留地表达感情(或思想等);
(感情或话语)奔涌,迸发
pour oil on the flames使情况变得更糟;火上浇油
pour oil on troubled water(s)调解争端,平息风波等
pour sth. out尽情表达出来
完成句子/翻译句子
(1)Every year a large number of visitors pour into this city, which indeed causes inconvenience to the local people.
每年都有大量的游客涌入这座城市,这确实给当地人带来了不便。
(2)The old man had been deeply shaken and was forced to pour out his feelings in spite of pride.
这位老人被深深震撼,尽管高傲,他也不得不吐露出自己的感情。
(3)Some chemical factories pour waste water into rivers for convenience, resulting in serious water pollution.
一些化工厂为了方便,将废水排入河流,造成了严重的水污染。
(4)I lost my way in darkness and, to make things worse, it began to pour.
我在黑暗中迷了路,更糟糕的是,下起了倾盆大雨。
主题语境·培优词汇库
1.“感谢;感激”记心中
①grateful adj. 感激的
②gratitude n. 感激
③appreciate v. 感激
④appreciation n. 感激
⑤thank v.&n. 感谢
⑥thankful adj. 感谢的
2.负面情绪多变化
①upset 不安的;心烦意乱的
②anxious 焦虑的
③annoyed 恼火的;生气的
④depressed 消沉的;沮丧的
⑤frustrated 失意的;挫败的
⑥pessimistic 悲观的
⑦blue 沮丧的;悲观的
⑧down 情绪低落的
1.for the first time 初次,第一次
[教材原句] But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins' class,I really became interested in a subject for the first time.
但当我15岁进入詹金斯先生的课堂时,我第一次真正对一门学科产生了兴趣。
in time迟早;最后;及时
on time 准时
all the time 一直,始终
at one time 曾经,一度
at a time 每次,逐一
from time to time 有时,偶尔
in no time 立刻,马上
at times 有时
[练通]——用time的相关短语填空
(1)If you keep on,you'll succeed in time .
(2)(2025·全国一卷)Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time .
(3)(2025·全国二卷)And in the process, I've experienced things that really surprise me at times .
(4)(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)By the way,thank you for looking in on my mother from time to time .
[金句]——完成句子
(5)He has got full marks in the physics exam for the first time .
他第一次在物理考试中得满分。
2.take up占用(时间);占据(空间);对某事产生兴趣;开始从事
[教材原句] We would not take up too much of your time.
我们不想占用你太多时间。
take back收回;退回
take down拿下;取下;记录;写下
take in收留;吸入;理解;领会;欺骗
take off脱下(衣服);摘掉;(飞机等)起飞;突然开始成功;休假;休息
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)You need a break. Why not take a fortnight off from work?
(2)(2025·全国一卷) In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives,...
(3)The reporters took down the speech at once.
(4)It was several minutes before I could take in what he was saying.
(5)A good deal of time is taken up with driving the children to piano classes.
[金句]——完成句子
(6)I was talking with a friend yesterday who took up a position at a startup company.
我昨天和一个朋友聊天,他在一家新成立的公司任职。
3.if only句式
[教材原句] Sometimes I think, if only I could call him and ask for his opinion!
有时我想,要是能打电话征求他的意见就好了!
if only意为“但愿,要是……就好了”,其后的句子多用虚拟语气。具体用法如下:
表示过去没有实现的愿望→谓语用“had+过去分词”形式;
表示现在没有实现的愿望→谓语用“一般过去时(be动词通常用were)”。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)If only I were (be)a bird and could fly freely in the sky!
(2)If only I knew (know) her name.
(3)If only she had asked (ask)someone else's advice!
[金句]——单句写作
(4) If only I had seen the film .
要是我看过那部电影就好了。
4.否定词位于句首作状语时引起的部分倒装
[教材原句] ...not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window.
……她一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。
当含有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时,句子需用部分倒装,即把助动词、情态动词、be动词移至主语之前。这样的词或短语有:
全部否定意义副词:never, not,neither,nor,nowhere等。
部分否定意义副词:hardly,scarcely,rarely,seldom,little等。
绝不短语:at no time,by no means,in no case, in no way,on no condition, under/in no circumstances, on no account等。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor will he even give it a thought.
(2)Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery.
(3)Never before have I read an article that is so full of lies.
[金句] ——完成句子
(4)By no means is punishment a wise choice to help them grow up .
惩罚绝不是帮助他们成长的明智选择。
[润中华]
Never have I lacked interest in reading A Dream of Red Mansions.
自始至终我都抱着浓厚的兴趣品读《红楼梦》。
[全练透]
►[维度1] 词形转换
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.
2.However, the majority of people are effective (effect) speakers because they train to be.
3.She likes nothing better (good) than a travel in summer.
4.Many people choose the train in preference (prefer) to the car to travel.
5.I sincerely (sincere) express my congratulations to you for your achievements in your work.
6.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval (approve)section signed.
7.Millions and millions of people fought hard in defence (defend) of their personal rights.
8.He's the president of a large international organization (organize).
9.How many competitors (compete) will attend the final in the 100meter race?
10.He had an engagement (engage) at a restaurant at eight.
►[维度2] 动词的形式变化和固定用法
在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm oldfashioned enough to prefer (prefer)a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.
2.Having friends means that you will have someone to talk to so that you won't feel lonely and depressed (depress).
3.(2024·浙江1月卷)The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
4.If you fail to keep the dentist's appointment (appoint), you'll have to pay for it.
5.I think we should delay deciding (decide) about this till next month.
6.Those who had held mentally stimulating, demanding (demand) jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests.
7.Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home.
8.While the weather was extremely bad, the soldiers and doctors didn't delay setting (set) off for the floodhit area.
9.Scientists have obtained more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body.
10. The system has been designed to give students quick and easy access to the digital resources of the library.
[重落实]
►[维度 3] 课文语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was a lazy boy and the only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees! But Mr. Jenkins
1. changed (change) me.He explained difficult things with lots of
2. practical (practice) examples and in simple language.He even let us build a rocket and set 3. it off.It was great fun.I wasn't a 4. willing (will) student and I used to lack confidence in myself.Mr. Jenkins made me feel that I had my own 5. strengths (strength) by asking me to give a presentation to the class.
I remember Graham was very difficult before he came into my class.But when I 6. set (set) up an experiment,he gave me his full attention.He loved science and had done very well in science subjects.I think it is important for us teachers 7. to make (make) friends with all our students and really understand them.Then we could make sure that we found the path to 8. success (succeed).The thing about being a teacher is that you have access 9. to children's minds when they are open and eager 10. to learn (learn).
►[维度 4] 话题作文(演讲稿)
假设你是李华,你校将要举行一次主题为“How to Communicate with Our Parents”的英语演讲比赛,请你用英语写一篇演讲稿。要点如下:
1.尊重并信任父母; 2.常与父母聊天; 3.换位思考问题。(参考词汇:换位思考 put oneself in sb's shoes)注意:1.根据汉语提示补全作文;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
How to Communicate with Our Parents
Hello,everyone. I'd like to share my ideas about the topic of communicating with our parents.
First,1. it goes without saying that we should respect and trust our parents (不言而喻,我们应该尊重和信任我们的父母). They have experienced more and always try their best to protect us from dangers. In addition,2. if we often talk with them about our life and experiences (如果我们经常和他们谈论我们的生活和经历),we will know each other better.What's more,3. we can often tell our parents how much we love them (我们可以经常告诉父母我们有多爱他们). If sometimes we don't
agree with our parents' decisions,4. we should try to put ourselves into their shoes and we will soon understand them (我们应该试着设身处地为他们着想,我们很快就会理解他们). Remember what they really want is only the best for us.
Thank you for listening.
►[维度5] 读后续写微技能(10)——“有关走和跑的表达”
●[多样表达]
1.stroll v.闲逛
2.tiptoe v.蹑手蹑脚
3.march v.列队走
4.limp v.瘸着脚走
5.wander v.漫步
6.pace restlessly不安地走动
7.make a running step back跑着后退
8.dash out冲出去
9.bounce up跳起
10.chase after追逐
11.drag one's legs拖着双腿
12.head for/to前往
13.leap up一跃而起
14.limp all the way一路跛行
15.move about/around四处走动
16.quicken one's pace加快步伐
17.rush/dash into冲进
18.slide into/steal into溜进
19.slip out of从……溜走
20.spring to one's feet立刻站起来
21.struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来
22.walk on tiptoe踮着脚尖走
23.wander down the road沿着路漫步
24.walk on the street aimlessly 漫无目的地在大街上走着
25.pace back and forth来回踱步
26.stroll aimlessly through the streets毫无目的地在街上游荡
27.walk arm in arm臂挽着臂走
28.wander over the countryside在乡间漫步
●[佳句观摩]
1.她溜下床,踮起脚尖走向窗户。
She slipped out of bed and tiptoed to the window.
2.小黄人向门冲去,逃离了现场。
The minion made a rush for the door and escaped from the scene.
3.然后丽莎站起身来,穿过人群向我走来。
Then Lisa stood up and made her way through the crowd toward me.
4.贝尔·林格若有所思地点点头,弗兰妮赶紧去招待她的其他客人。
Belle Ringer nodded thoughtfully,and Frannie hurried off to wait on the rest of her tables.
●[好句仿写]
1.她起身朝出口走去。
She stood up and headed towards the exit.
2.他们手拉手沿着小路走。
They walked hand in hand along the path.
3.这个可怜的人既失望又沮丧,回到了家里。
Disappointed and frustrated,the poor man made his way back to his family.
4.鲁本跑向水街,吓得浑身发抖。
Reuben ran/rushed down Water Street,trembling with great panic.
[培优1] 单元知识高考链接
一、熟词生义
写出黑体词的词性和汉语意思
1.They had barely sat down before forty policemen crowded in.
adv.刚刚
2.He always had a fresh angle on life. n.观点
3.For instance, siblings(兄弟姐妹)tend to pick up and fuel each other's bad behavior. v.助长
4.(2025·全国二卷)Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law... v. 从事(职业)
二、一词多义
根据语境选出raise的含义
A.v.举起 B.v.提高 C.v.筹募
D.v.(使)直立 E.v.抚养
1.Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. E
2.Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. B
3.At the front of the supermarket, a charity group has set up a stand, selling cooked sausages to raise funds. C
4.Raise your hand if you know the right answer. A
5.Seeing me come in, she raised herself out of the chair and said hello. D
[培优2] 高考语篇培素养——Topic:社会比较的两面性,正确利用促进自我提升
◆真题文本
(2025·北京卷)Not too long ago, on a cold winter night, there was a teenager who wanted more screen time and a parent who said no. The teenager was advocating for her right to scroll(翻屏) for an extra 30 minutes. The parent argued that none of her friends' parents let them have screens after 9 o'clock. “I thought, in this family, we don't compare ourselves with other people, Dad?” the teenager replied. The parent — who was me, by the way — just got served. Since they were young, I have told my kids not to compare themselves with other people. I have argued countless times that comparisons are the “thief of joy”.
Although my daughter didn't win, she did help expose one of the worst pieces of advice I have ever given. In my defence, I did what we've all done before, which is repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances . But now is the time to set the record straight, which starts with questioning the idea that all social comparison is unhealthy.
Social comparisons do, of course, often get us into emotional trouble. But they can be harnessed(利用) for our betterment if we understand how they work. The social comparisons we make — ones that lead us to feel good or bad about ourselves — are vital to our ability to thrive (成长). Science provides a guide we can use to harness the way we perform these comparisons to reduce their negative emotional impacts.
Comparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could result in feelings of envy if you focus on the things they have and you don't, or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation, for example, “If they can achieve that, so can I.” Comparing yourself with someone who is doing worse than you could result in fear and worry if you think about how you could fall into similar circumstances, or it can draw out feelings of gratitude and appreciation if you use that comparison to broaden your views — for example, “Wow, things could be much worse; I'm doing great.”
What I wish I taught my daughter earlier are these nuances. How we feel about ourselves rests not just on whom we compare ourselves with but also on how we think about that comparison. That's something we all have control over.
◆真题再做
1.How did the author feel about his daughter's argument?
A.Excited.
B.Inspired.
C.Energized.
D.Relieved.
2.What does the word “nuances” underlined in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A.Major achievements.
B.Complex feelings.
C.Significant impacts.
D.Fine differences.
3.Which would be the best title for the passage?
A.Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Become a Healthy Habit
B.Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Strengthen Family Ties
C.Social Comparisons Can Get Us into Emotional Trouble
D.Social Comparisons Can Be Controlled by Science
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己和女儿关于能否延长看屏幕时间的争论,引出对社会比较这一观念的思考,指出并非所有社会比较都不健康,若理解其原理,可加以利用促进自我提升。
1.B [推理判断题。根据第二段“Although my daughter didn't win, she did help expose one of the worst pieces of advice I have ever given. (虽然我女儿没有赢,但她确实帮助揭露了我曾经给出的最糟糕的建议之一。)” 以及后文作者对社会比较的重新思考可知,作者从女儿的争论中得到了启发。]
2.D [词句猜测题。根据第二段“ In my defence, I did what we've all done before, which is repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances . But now is the time to set the record straight, which starts with questioning the idea that all social comparison is unhealthy. (为自己辩护一下,我做了我们所有人都做过的事,就是重复那些大家都认可的观点,却没有探究其中的 ____ 。但现在是时候纠正这个观点了,首先要质疑所有社会比较都是不健康的这一想法。)” 可知,作者之前只是重复普遍观点,没有深入探究不同情况,现在要重新审视,所以“nuances”意思可能是 “细微差别”。]
3.A [主旨大意题。根据第三段“Social comparisons do, of course, often get us into emotional trouble. But they can be harnessed(利用) for our betterment if we understand how they work. (当然,社会比较常常会给我们带来情感困扰。但如果我们了解其运作原理,就可以利用它们来提升自我。)”,以及第四段 “Comparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could result in feelings of envy if you focus on the things they have and you don't, or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation (如果你关注那些比你表现出色的人
所拥有而你没有的东西,与他们比较可能会导致嫉妒之情;但如果你将这些比较作为动力来源,它也可以让你充满活力并受到鼓舞)” 等内容,表明了社会比较并非全然有害,若运用得当可成为健康习惯,助力个人发展。所以选项 A“与他人比较可以成为一种健康的习惯”为最佳标题。]
◆素材积累
(一)由文本积累主题词块
1.compare ourselves with other people 把自己和别人比较
2.argued countless times 争论了无数次
3.one of the worst pieces of advice 最糟糕的建议之一
4.get us into emotional trouble 让我们陷入情绪困扰
5.lead us to feel good or bad 让我们感觉好或坏
(二)由文本积累阅读词汇
1.advocate v. 提倡;支持
2.comparison n. 比较
3.defence n. 辩护;保护
4.outperform v. 超过,胜过
5.circumstance n. 情况
(三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填在横线上)
1.serve
A.提供服务 B.端上 C.接待 D.发球
①Your feet must be behind the line when you serve. D
②The centre will serve the whole community. A
③The shop assistant is serving a customer. C
④Our hostess served up a large bowl of steaming hot dumplings. B
2.negative
A.消极的 B.负面的
C.坏的 D.底片
①Think twice even when there is only one negative reference. B
②Scientists have a fairly negative attitude to the theory. A
③The crisis had a negative effect on trade. C
④Because I can make many different kinds of pictures from one negative. D
◆长句缩写
The social comparisons we make — ones that lead us to feel good or bad about ourselves — are vital to our ability to thrive(成长).
[句式剖析] 请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)去掉,留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表)。
The social comparisons [(we make)( — ones that lead us to feel good or bad about ourselves —)] are vital to (our) ability (to thrive).
[句子缩写] The social comparisons are vital to ability. (不超过10个单词)
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