选择性必修第四册 Unit 5 Into the unknown（配套练习Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦高考英语阅读理解与七选五题型，以科技、生活类语篇为载体，系统提炼细节定位、逻辑推理等解题方法，强化语言能力与思维品质培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解A|4题（AI系统）|细节题定位原文关键信息，推理题分析上下文逻辑|科技说明文体裁特征→信息筛选→深层理解| |阅读理解B|4题（微生物研究）|主旨题抓首尾段核心，态度题辨析评价性词汇|科学研究过程→数据解读→结论推断| |阅读七选五|5题（曼谷经历）|空格前后语义衔接，代词指代与逻辑关系分析|记叙文情节发展→上下文连贯→主旨升华|

课时冲关41　Unit 5　Into the unknown Ⅰ.阅读理解A 体裁：说明文 话题：一种新的人工智能系统 AI technology has long been able to recognize patterns in music preferences and create personalized playlists. Now, a new AI system has taken this a step further by analyzing how people listen to music and identifying their unique “listening styles”. This advancement in the field of “audiometric” analysis could revolutionize how music streaming services tailor playlists to individual users, making them more personalized and enjoyable. However, there are also concerns that such systems could potentially track users' listening habits in ways that compromise privacy. Music recommendation algorithms, such as those used by Spotify and Apple Music, have been highly effective at suggesting new songs and artists. But Dr. Emily Carter, a music data scientist at the University of Music and Technology, notes that these algorithms often use a one­size­fits­all approach that doesn't capture the nuances of individual listening behavior. To better understand and cater to individual preferences, researchers need to analyze each user's unique listening patterns. To develop and train their AI, the researchers collected data from over 50 million listening sessions and fed it into a neural network. They tested the system by seeing how well it could distinguish between different users' listening habits. The system was given 100 listening sessions from each of about 3,000 known users and 100 new sessions from an unknown user. The AI looked for the best match and identified the unknown user 86% of the time, according to a study presented at the International Conference on Music Information Retrieval (ISMIR). “We were quite surprised by the accuracy，” says Alex Johnson, a doctoral student in Carter's lab and the lead author of the study. A non­AI method was only 28% accurate. “The work is really innovative，” says Dr. Sarah Kim, a music researcher at Google. “Personalized music experiences could transform how we interact with music platforms.” The researchers are aware of the privacy implications of their system, which could potentially identify users based on their listening habits. In theory, similar systems could also analyze other behaviors, such as the types of podcasts people listen to or the timing of their music consumption. ISMIR organizers found the study technically impressive but ethically questionable, and accepted it on the condition that the researchers detail the privacy risks. Carter says they have decided, for now, not to release the software publicly. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的人工智能系统，它能分析人们的音乐聆听风格创建个性化歌单，但也存在隐私风险，研究人员暂不公开该软件。 1．What advance in AI technology is described in the article? A．It can recognize different human chess players. B．It can create personalized playlists based on unique listening styles. C．It can identify different people's handwriting. D．It can track people's unacceptable online behavior. 解析：B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“AI technology has long been able to recognize patterns in music...making them more personalized and enjoyable.(人工智能技术早就能够识别音乐偏好的模式，并创建个性化的播放列表。现在，一种新的人工智能系统更进一步，它通过分析人们听音乐的方式，识别出他们独特的‘聆听风格’。这种‘听力测量’分析领域的进步可能会彻底改变音乐流媒体服务为个人用户定制播放列表的方式，使它们更加个性化和令人愉悦。)”可知，这项人工智能技术的进步是它能基于独特的聆听风格创建个性化歌单。] 2．Why is the new AI system considered innovative according to Dr.Sarah Kim? A．It can recognize patterns in music preferences more accurately than existing algorithms. B．It uses a one­size­fits­all approach to suggest new songs. C．It can analyze the types of podcasts people listen to. D．It can identify users based on their listening habits with high accuracy. 解析：A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“Music recommendation algorithms, such as those used by Spotify and Apple Music, have been highly... the nuances of individual listening behavior.(音乐推荐算法，如Spotify和Apple Music使用的算法，在推荐新歌和新艺术家方面非常有效。但音乐与技术大学的音乐数据科学家Emily Carter博士指出，这些算法通常采用一刀切的方法，无法捕捉到个人聆听行为的细微差别。)”以及第四段中“‘The work is really innovative，’ says Dr. Sarah Kim, a music researcher at Google. ‘Personalized music experiences could transform how we interact with music platforms.’”可知，现有的算法采用一刀切的方式，不能很好地捕捉个人聆听行为的细微差别，而新的人工智能系统能更准确地识别音乐偏好模式，所以被认为有创新性。] 3．What is the main concern regarding the new AI system described in the article? A．Its ability to create highly personalized playlists. B．Its potential to compromise user privacy by tracking listening habits. C．Its limited accuracy compared to non­AI methods. D．Its inability to distinguish between different users' listening habits. 解析：B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, there are also concerns that such systems could potentially track users' listening habits in ways that compromise privacy.(然而，也有人担心，这样的系统可能会以侵犯隐私的方式追踪用户的聆听习惯。)”可知，关于这项新AI系统的主要担忧是它可能通过追踪聆听习惯侵犯用户隐私。] 4．What is the attitude of the ISMIR organizers toward the study on the new AI system? A．Favorable.　　　　B．Disappointed. C．Careful. D．Uninterested. 解析：C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ISMIR organizers found the study technically impressive but ethically questionable, and accepted it on the condition that the researchers detail the privacy risks.(ISMIR的组织者认为这项研究在技术上令人印象深刻，但在伦理上存在问题，并在研究人员详细说明隐私风险的条件下接受了这项研究。)”可知，ISMIR组织者既认可技术方面又关注伦理问题，还要求研究人员说明隐私风险，由此可推断他们的态度是谨慎的。] 阅读理解B 体裁：说明文 话题：一种新的微生物 When it comes to thriving under pressure, microbes(微生物) have us solidly beat. New research reveals that Carnobacterium, a genus often associated with spoiled meat, can successfully divide and reproduce across an enormous range of external pressures－from the equivalent of a very thin atmosphere to crushing ocean depths. This adaptability is unknown for any other lifeforms on Earth, researchers report in Astrobiology. Such hardiness suggests a single organism could survive in totally different environments throughout the solar system. Based on previous findings of various Carnobacterium strains(菌群) growing well at high and low pressures, University of Florida microbiologist Wayne Nicholson and his colleagues systematically examined 14 strains' responses to a wide span of pressure conditions. The team focused on strains isolated not only from meat (including seafood, chicken, etc.) but also from Siberian permafrost, an Antarctic lake and deep within the North Pacific's Aleutian Trench. In the laboratory, Nicholson and his team exposed each strain to pressures ranging from 0.01 to 100 times Earth's atmospheric pressure at sea level－corresponding to the pressures on the surface of Mars and inside the liquid water ocean of Jupiter's moon Europa, respectively. The researchers found that 11 strains grew measurably at every pressure tested. Very few past studies focused on how well microbes tolerate a range of pressures, Nicholson says, but these results are nonetheless surprising given that most other organisms seem to be far more pressuresensitive. “Humans have trouble breathing on Mount Everest，” he notes, “and that's about 30 percent of sealevel atmospheric pressure.” Other bacteria have been shown to do well at comparably high pressures, says Felipe Gómez Gómez, an astro­biologist at the National Institute of Aerospace Technology in Madrid, who was not involved in the study. But these results are novel because they show that the same Carnobacterium strains can endure so much pressure variation, he says: “What's really challenging is the whole range.” These microbes' ability means they could, for instance, theoretically survive at various depths in an alien ocean, Gómez Gómez adds.“This has farreaching astro­biological implications.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种名为Carnobacterium的微生物可以在极其广泛的外部压力下成功分裂和繁殖，这种适应性在地球上的其他生物中是未知的。研究人员在《天体生物学》杂志上报告说，这种坚韧性表明单个生物体可以在太阳系的不同环境中生存。 5．How did Wayne Nicholson and his colleagues carry out their research? A．Doing a survey.　B．Listing examples. C．Making a model. D．Doing tests. 解析：D　[细节理解题。根据第二段“Based on previous findings of various Carnobacterium strains (菌群) growing well at high and low pressures, University of Florida microbiologist Wayne Nicholson and his colleagues systematically examined 14 strains' responses to a wide span of pressure conditions.(佛罗里达大学的微生物学家 Wayne Nicholson 和他的同事们基于先前对各种在高、低压力下生长良好的肉杆菌菌株的研究发现，系统地检查了 14 种菌株对广泛压力条件的反应。)”可知，Wayne Nicholson 和他的同事通过测试压力条件下细菌的反应来进行他们的研究。选项 D 与文意相符。] 6．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．The results were not surprising at all. B．Researchers found that many strains could change during pressures. C．Researchers hardly knew the organism's toleration on pressure in old days. D．The research showed why man can't take a breath smoothly on Mount Everest. 解析：C　[细节理解题。根据第三段“Very few past studies focused on how well microbes tolerate a range of pressures, Nicholson says, but these results are nonetheless surprising given that most other organisms seem to be far more pressuresensitive.(尼科尔森说，过去很少有研究关注微生物对一系列压力的耐受性，但考虑到大多数其他生物似乎对压力更为敏感，这些结果仍然令人惊讶。)”可知，过去很少有研究关注微生物对压力的耐受性，所以研究人员对微生物对压力的耐受性知之甚少。选项 C 与文意相符。] 7．What's Felipe Gómez Gómez's attitude towards the research? A．Objective. B．Positive. C．Indifferent. D．Critical. 解析：B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Other bacteria have been shown to do well...at various depths in an alien ocean, Gómez Gómez adds.‘This has farreaching astrobiological implications.’(马德里国家航空航天技术研究所的天体生物学家 Felipe Gómez Gómez 说，其他细菌已经被证明在相当高的压力下表现良好，他没有参与这项研究。但这些结果是新颖的，因为它们表明，相同的肉杆菌菌株可以承受如此大的压力变化，他说：‘真正具有挑战性的是整个范围。’这些微生物的能力意味着它们理论上可以在外星海洋的不同深度生存，Gómez Gómez 补充说。‘这具有深远的天体生物学意义。’)”中的“novel”及“challenging”等词可知，Felipe Gómez Gómez 对这项研究持积极的态度。选项 B 与文意相符。] 8．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Bacteria Can Survive at Different Depths B．Microbes Withstand the Solar System's Pressure C．All Lifeforms' Adaptations in Pressure Are Proved D．Carnobacterium Strains Have Thrived at Great Pressures 解析：B　[主旨大意题。根据第一段“New research reveals that Carnobacterium, a genus often...lifeforms on Earth, researchers report in Astrobiology.(新的研究表明，通常与腐肉有关的肉杆菌属可以在巨大的外部压力下成功分裂和繁殖——从相当于非常薄的大气层到压力大的海洋深处。研究人员在《天体生物学》杂志上报告说，这种适应性在地球上的任何其他生命形式中都是未知的。)”及最后一段“These microbes' ability means they could, for instance, theoretically survive at various depths in an alien ocean, Gómez Gómez adds.‘This has farreaching astro­biological implications.’”及全文可知，文章主要讲述了肉杆菌属可以在巨大的外部压力下成功分裂和繁殖，这种适应性在地球上的任何其他生命形式中都是未知的。选项 B 与文意相符。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 体裁：记叙文 话题：曼谷遇到好心司机 After my family got comfortably settled in Hotel Ramada in Bangkok, we started exploring the city. After endless hours of shopping, it was finally time to go back. This was when the trouble started. We forgot there are two Ramada hotels in the opposite directions. Absolutely unaware of this, we started searching for the way back. Google maps suggested us the shortest route, which was just 20 minutes away by walk. ___1___ Bangkok felt different after sunset. Walking along the heavilycrowded roads with the darkred sky felt beautiful. Lost in our talk, we didn't realize that we passed onto the quieter part of the town. ___2___ It was closed for redecoration. Unluckily, nobody around us then spoke English. Worse still, we stepped in a local tuktuk(三轮车), which took us to an unknown area for an enormous pay. We had no clue where we were, our mobile phones nearly out of power. ___3___ He was a taxi driver. Recounting the day's events proved to be a great conversation starter. We ended up talking through the way. He was so kind as to offer to drive us around for the rest of our stay. ___4___ For the next four days, from floating markets to the temples of Wat Pho, our trip wouldn't have been so troublefree without him. Sometimes when things don't go according to plan, I think about the stranger we met on the streets and how a tiny mistake on our part led to unexpected results. ___5___ A．That was when our hero arrived. B．Our thankfulness was beyond description. C．We reached a completely different Hotel Ramada. D．We set off into the city with little research on transport. E．We decided not to waste our money but our time instead. F．He then reminded us that our hotel was just a few blocks away. G．The trip rings as a reminder that every cloud has a silver lining. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家在曼谷旅游时遇到一位好心司机的故事。 1．E　[根据上文“Google maps suggested us the shortest route, which was just 20 minutes away by walk.(谷歌地图为我们推荐了最短的路线，步行只需20分钟。)”提到谷歌地图提供了最短的路线，步行只需20分钟，结合下一段中“Walking along the heavilycrowded roads with the darkred sky felt beautiful.(在拥挤的道路上漫步，深红色的天空让人感觉很美。)”可知，作者一家选择了按推荐的路线步行，E项“我们决定不浪费钱，而是花费时间。”符合语境。] 2．C　[根据下一句“It was closed for redecoration.(它因重新装修而关闭了。)”可知，作者一家应是到达酒店后发现它关闭了，C选项中Hotel Ramada对应后文It。C项“我们到达了一个完全不同的华美达酒店。”符合语境。] 3．A　[上一段末句“We had no clue where we were, our mobile phones nearly out of power.(我们不知道自己身在何处，我们的手机几乎没电了。)”提到作者一家身陷困境，结合下文“He was a taxi driver.(他是一名出租车司机。)”可知，空处应是提及一个帮助作者一家解决困境的人物，A项“就在这时，我们的英雄来了。”符合语境。] 4．B　[根据上文“He was so kind as to offer to drive us around for the rest of our stay.(他好心地提出在我们剩下的逗留时间里开车载我们四处转转。)”提到那名司机带作者一行人四处转转，结合下文“For the next four days, from floating markets to the temples of Wat Pho, our trip wouldn't have been so troublefree without him.(在接下来的四天里，从水上市场到卧佛寺，如果没有他，我们的旅行不会这么顺利。)”可知，作者一家应是很感谢那位司机，B项“我们的感激之情难以形容。”符合语境。] 5．G　[根据上文“Sometimes when things don't go according to plan, I think about the stranger we met on the streets and how a tiny mistake on our part led to unexpected results.(有时候，当事情没有按计划进行时，我会想起我们在街上遇到的那个陌生人，想到我们的一个小错误是如何导致意想不到的结果的。)”可知，事情不按原计划发展时作者总会想起那位陌生人和那次旅行，所以空处应是总结那次旅行得出的感悟，G项“这次旅行提醒我们，黑暗中总有一线光明。”符合语境。] [日积月累]　阅读理解B 1．solidly adv.　　　　　坚定不移地 2．microbiologist n. 微生物学家 3．systematically adv. 有条不紊地 4．nonetheless adv. 尽管如此_ 5．comparably adv. 可比较地；类似地 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $