高考英语阅读同义替换核心素材 清单-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习知识清单聚焦阅读同义替换核心能力，涵盖2022-2024年高考真题同义替换实例及78组高频同义表达，构建了从真题实例解析到通用表达积累的完整复习体系。 清单采用真题实例与逻辑解析结合的方式，如2024新课标Ⅰ卷“engaging=hold attention”明确替换逻辑，78组表达按语义分组（如因果利弊、时间相关）并标注阅读写作双重应用，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特设成对记忆提示和高考考点关联，帮助学生高效积累替换策略，教师可据此强化阅读定位与写作表达训练，提升备考针对性。

英语阅读同义替换核心素材 一、高考真题同义替换实例（2022–2024） 阅读细节题正确选项，核心逻辑是原文语义不变，换不同词汇 / 句式改写，以下真题直观展现替换规律： 2024 新课标Ⅰ卷 原文：Audio and video can feel more engaging 题干选项：They can hold students’ attention 替换逻辑：engaging 吸引人 = hold attention 抓住注意力 2024 新课标 Ⅱ 卷（徒步活动） 原文：suitable clothing is essential 题干选项：Wear proper clothes 替换逻辑：suitable = proper 2024 新课标 Ⅱ 卷（微型农场） 原文：shortens the journey from farm to table 题干选项：cuts the farm-to-table distance 替换逻辑：shorten = cut down 缩短 2024 新课标 Ⅱ 卷（农场监控软件） 原文：provides growing data in real time 题干选项：Current condition of the plants 替换逻辑：real-time = current 实时、当下的 2023 新课标 Ⅰ 卷（自行车租赁） 原文：bicycles in a wide variety 题干选项：offers many types of bikes 替换逻辑：a wide variety = many types 多样 2023 新课标 Ⅰ 卷（生态修复） 原文：develop their own ways to self-repair 题干选项：Nature can repair itself 替换逻辑：self-repair = repair itself 自我修复 2023 新课标 Ⅰ 卷（极简数字生活） 原文：digital minimalism 题干选项：a simple digital lifestyle 替换逻辑：minimalism 极简 = simple lifestyle 简约生活方式 2023 新课标 Ⅱ 卷（校园菜园项目） 原文：started Urban Sprouts 题干选项：an initiator of Urban Sprouts 替换逻辑：start = initiator 发起者 2022 新高考 Ⅰ 卷（减少食物浪费） 原文：not purchasing more food than necessary 题干选项：Buy only what is needed 替换逻辑：purchase = buy 购买 2022 新高考 Ⅰ 卷（关爱老人项目） 原文：improve elderly people’s wellbeing 题干选项：promote the elderly people’s welfare 替换逻辑：wellbeing = welfare 福祉、身心健康 2022 全国甲卷（城市历史保护） 原文：swept aside much of its past 题干选项：It is losing its traditions 替换逻辑：sweep aside the past = lose traditions 抛弃历史 = 丢失传统 2022 浙江 1 月卷（企业倒闭求职） 原文：The firm went broke 题干选项：Her former employer was out of business 替换逻辑：go broke = out of business 破产、停业 2022 浙江 1 月卷（运动益处） 原文：The benefits of regular exercise 题干选项：Positive effects of doing exercise 替换逻辑：benefits = positive effects 好处、积极作用 2022 浙江 1 月卷（心肺测试实验） 原文：measure their peak cardiovascular capacity 题干选项：assess their cardiovascular capacity 替换逻辑：measure = assess 检测、评估 二、78组高频同义表达（阅读 + 写作通用） 按语义分组，背诵时成对记忆，同时适用于阅读定位、写作换词提分 第 1 组 因果与利弊 1 造成、引发：lead to /bring about /result in /contribute to /account for 2 由… 导致：result from /arise from 3 对… 有利：benefit /be beneficial to /do good to 4 对… 有害：be harmful to /do harm to 第 2 组 利用、处理、应对 5 充分利用：make the most of /take full advantage of 6 处理、解决：handle /tackle/cope with /address/deal with 7 耗尽：run out of /use up /give out 第 3 组 数量、范围、关联 8 大部分：the majority of /most 9 各种各样：a variety of /various/diverse /all sorts of 10 与… 相关：be linked to /be associated with /be relevant to 11 优于、胜过：be superior to /have an advantage over 12 次于：be inferior to /worse than 第 4 组 时间相关 13 提前：ahead of schedule /in advance /beforehand 14 追溯至：date back to /date from 15 同时：meanwhile /at the same time 16 偶尔：occasionally /from time to time /now and then 第 5 组 观点、态度、支持反对 17 重要：matter /be vital /be of great significance /count 18 支持、赞同：favour /subscribe to /be in favour of /support 19 反对：object to /oppose/be opposed to 20 认为：hold the view that /believe/claim /argue 21 深信：be fully convinced that /firmly believe that 22 尤其：particularly /in particular /especially 第 6 组 行动、达成目标 23 提出：come up with /put forward /raise 24 成功做成：manage to do /succeed in doing 25 实现目标 / 梦想：achieve one’s dream /make one’s dream come true /fulfil one’s ambition 26 承诺：commit oneself to /make a promise to do 27 参与：take part in /participate in /be engaged in 第 7 组 方式、条件句式 28 一… 就：immediately /upon doing /the moment /hardly…when 29 途径、方法：approach /means/method /manner 30 代替：replace /take the place of /substitute A for B 第 8 组 人物状态、情绪 31 渴望：be desperate for /have a strong desire to /be eager to 32 疲惫不堪：be exhausted /worn out /tired out 33 独自：on one’s own /independently/by oneself 34 厌烦：be fed up with /be sick of /grow tired of 35 难以置信：incredible /beyond belief /unbelievable 第 9 组 照料、保障、责任 36 照顾：look after /attend to /take care of 37 确保：ensure /guarantee/make certain 38 对… 负责：take charge of /shoulder responsibility for /be accountable for 第 10 组 寻找、吸引、留意 39 寻找：seek /search for /be in search of /look for 40 吸引：appeal to /catch one’s attention /draw sb to 41 意识到：be aware of /recognize/realize /sense 42 忽视、没察觉：overlook /neglect/be unaware of 第 11 组 人群、年龄 43 老年人：senior citizens /the aged /elderly people 第 12 组 缘由、意图 44 有意地：deliberately /on purpose 45 偶然：by chance /accidentally 46 弥补：make up for /compensate for 第 13 组 人员相关动作 47 雇用：hire /take on /employ 48 逃脱：escape from /flee 49 代表：on behalf of /represent 50 控告：charge sb with /accuse sb of 第 14 组 变化趋势 51 下降：decrease /drop/decline /go down 第 15 组 描述外观、相似 52 与… 相似：resemble /be similar to /bear a resemblance to 53 穿着：wear /be dressed in /put on 第 16 组 长短动作词汇 54 推迟：delay /postpone/put off 55 出现：turn up /show up /appear 56 澄清：make clear /clarify 57 提及：refer to /mention/when it comes to 第 17 组 便利、展示 58 方便：handy /at hand /convenient 59 展出：on display /on show /on exhibition 第 18 组 包含、占据 60 由… 构成：consist of /be composed of /be made up of 61 占据：occupy /take up /account for 第 19 组 耐受、强调 62 忍受：stand /tolerate/put up with /bear 63 重视、强调：attach importance to /emphasize/stress 第 20 组 沉浸、沉迷 64 专注、沉浸：be absorbed in /be lost in /be dedicated to 65 沉迷：be addicted to /be hooked on 第 21 组 伤害、对待 66 亏待、虐待：abuse /treat sb badly 67 视作：regard…as /think of…as /look on…as 第 22 组 获取、使用权限 68 有机会接触：have access to /gain the opportunity to use 69 可被使用：be available to /be accessible to 第 23 组 生死、负面事件 70 夺走生命：claim one’s life /cost sb their life 第 24 组 区分、相符 71 区分：distinguish A from /tell the difference between 72 与… 一致：correspond with /be consistent with /match 第 25 组 取笑、随机 73 嘲笑：make fun of /tease/laugh at 74 随机：at random /randomly 第 26 组 流行程度 75 受欢迎：gain popularity /be well received /catch on 76 过时：out of style /unfashionable 第 27 组 除去、额外 77 除… 之外：besides /apart from /in addition to /except for 第 28 组 能力资质 78 能够做：be capable of /have the capacity to /be able to 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $