精品解析：江苏扬州中学联培部2025-2026学年高三上半期期中考试英语试题

江苏省扬州中学联培部高三上期中考试 英语（英才E） 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Membership University of Johannesburg staff and registered students in possession of a valid University card qualify for membership of the UJ Library. Access to facilities and services 1. Clients have access to all Campus Libraries on presentation of their own university card. 2. Books are issued to clients on the presentation of their own university card. 3. Lost cards must immediately be reported in writing to the Team Leader: Lending Services at the Campus Library or to the Campus Librarian. Library hours Library hours are revised annually and made available on the UJ Library web page. Campus libraries will be closed on public holidays. Rules of conduct 1. Behavior which disrupts the activities of the Library or affects the right to a quiet and orderly work and study environment of other library clients is not permitted. 2. Smoking is not permitted anywhere in the Library or within a seven-meter radius (半径) of the Library entrance. 3. Books, other library materials, equipment or facilities may not be defaced, damaged or stolen. 4. Cell phones must be on silent in the Library. 5. Use of the computers in the Library is subject to time limits during peak usage periods. In addition, clients may NOT: a) link any device to the network without the written approval of the Information Technology Division; b) remove or exchange computer equipment without the written approval of the Information Technology Division. 1. What is this text mainly about? A. The UJ Library regulations. B. The UJ Library computer use rules. C. The guidelines for the UJ Library staff. D. The register information of the UJ Library. 2. What should a client do if his university card is missing? A. Use his ID card instead. B. Report to the police station. C. Inform the loss to the Library. D. Revise his register information. 3. Which of the following is forbidden according to the text? A. Shutting down one’s mobile phone. B. Using the computers in the Library. C. Linking disks to the Library network secretly. D. Keeping an orderly work and study environment. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了约翰内斯堡大学图书馆的规章制度，包括入会资格、方式和享受待遇等等。 【1题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“University of Johannesburg staff and registered students in possession of a valid University card qualify for membership of the UJ Library. (持有有效大学卡的约翰内斯堡大学员工和注册学生有资格成为约翰内斯堡大学图书馆的会员。)”以及三个小标题“Access to facilities and services (使用设施和服务)”、“Library hours (图书馆开放时间)”和“Rules of conduct (行为准则)”可推断，文章主要介绍了约翰内斯堡大学图书馆的规章制度。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Access to facilities and services (使用设施和服务)”部分中的“Lost cards must immediately be reported in writing to the Team Leader: Lending Services at the Campus Library or to the Campus Librarian. (遗失的借阅卡必须立即书面报告给校园图书馆借阅服务处组长或校园图书管理员。)”可知，如果借阅卡遗失，应该立刻告知图书馆的服务处组长或校园图书管理员。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Rules of conduct (行为准则)”部分中的“link any device to the network without the written approval of the Information Technology Division (未经信息技术部书面批准，将任何设备连接到网络)”可知，选项C“Linking disks to the Library network secretly (将磁盘秘密连接到图书馆网络)”是禁止的。故选C。 B In the 1950s, British historian Northeaster Parkinson came up with a concept which was later known as Parkinson’s Law of Triviality. It states that the amount of time spent discussing an issue in an organization is oppositely associated with its actual importance. Parkinson’s Law of Triviality is also known as “bike-shedding (车棚)”, after the story Parkinson uses to illustrate it. He asks readers to imagine a financial committee meeting to discuss a three-point agenda. The points are as follows: A proposal for a f10 million nuclear power plant; A proposal for a f350 bike shed; A proposal for a f21 annual coffee budget. What happens? The committee ends up running through the nuclear power plant proposal in little time. It’s too advanced for anyone to really dig into the details. The discussion soon moves to the bike shed. Here, everyone’s an expert. In the end, the committee runs out of time and decides to meet again to complete their analysis. Bike-shedding happens because the smaller a matter is, the more people will have an opinion on it, even when there is no real value to add. When something is outside of our circle of competence, like a nuclear power plant, we don’t even try to express an opinion. But when something is understandable everyone wants to show that they know about the topic at hand. How can we avoid bike-shedding? The main thing you can do is to have a clear purpose. Priya Parker, the author of The Art of Gathering: How We Meet and Why It Matters, says that any successful gathering needs to have a focused purpose. “Specificity,” she says, “is a key element.” When it comes to choosing your list of invitees, Parker writes, “if the purpose of your meeting is to make a decision, you may want to consider having fewer cooks in the kitchen.” Getting the result you want—a thoughtful, educated discussion about that power plant—depends on having the right people in the room. 4. What is Parkinson’s purpose of presenting the imaginary meeting? A. To state a fact. B. To clarify a concept. C. To make a prediction. D. To introduce a new point. 5. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4? A. The more you know, the less you speak. B. What is simple for you may be tough for others. C. What requires more work may get less attention. D. The more you put in, the better your result will be. 6. Which is the author’s suggestion for a successful meeting? A. Planning before the meeting. B. Getting the right people to the table. C. Spending less time on the minor issues. D. Taking different opinions into account. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Purpose: The Key to an Effective Meeting B. Talent: A Crucial Element in Organizations C. The Bike Shed Effect: Avoiding Small Matters D. Nuclear Power Plant: The Less-known Proposal 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是20世纪50年代，英国历史学家Northeaster Parkinson提出的Parkinson’s Law of Triviality概念，也称为bike-shedding。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Parkinson’s Law of Triviality is also known as “bike-shedding (车棚)”, after the story Parkinson uses to illustrate it. He asks readers to imagine a financial committee meeting to discuss a three-point agenda.(Parkinson’s Law of Triviality也被称为bike-shedding，以帕金森用来说明它的故事命名。他让读者想象一个财务委员会开会讨论三点议程。)”可知，Parkinson提出假想会议的目的是澄清一个概念。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“Bike-shedding happens because the smaller a matter is, the more people will have an opinion on it, even when there is no real value to add. When something is outside of our circle of competence, like a nuclear power plant, we don’t even try to express an opinion. But when something is understandable everyone wants to show that they know about the topic at hand.(Bike-shedding会发生，是因为事情越小，就会有越多的人对它发表意见，即使没有什么真正的价值可言。当事情超出我们的能力范围时，比如核电站，我们甚至不会试图表达意见。但是当某件事是可以理解的时候，每个人都想表明他们了解手头的话题。)”可知，需要付出更多努力的事情可能得到的关注更少。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Getting the result you want—a thoughtful, educated discussion about that power plant—depends on having the right people in the room.(想要得到你想要的结果——一场关于电厂的深思熟虑的、有知识的讨论——取决于是否有合适的人在场。)”可知，作者对会议成功的建议是把合适的人请到会议桌前。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段的“Bike-shedding happens because the smaller a matter is, the more people will have an opinion on it, even when there is no real value to add.(Bike-shedding之所以会发生，是因为事情越小，就会有越多的人对它发表意见，即使没有真正的价值可言。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是20世纪50年代，英国历史学家Northeaster Parkinson提出的Parkinson’s Law of Triviality概念，也称为bike-shedding，因此最好的题目是C选项“The Bike Shed Effect: Avoiding Small Matters(The Bike Shed Effect：避免小事)”。故选C。 C When I suggested my 13-year-old try tennis, she quickly refused me. “I’m not sporty; stop trying to get me to do sports,” Julianna said. I had suggested it because some of my happiest recent memories were of playing ping-pong with her. Tennis seemed like a natural progression from ping-pong and a great way to work out some of her growing pains on a larger playing field. But my suggestion was always refused by her. Still, I was undeterred. I believed that doing some sports would help Julianna manage her emotions. I’ve seen how sports help with stress. It worked for me when I was a teenage girl. Midway into summer, we stayed at home, and Julianna and I felt really bored. “Do you want to play tennis?” I asked her at lunch one afternoon. Sure, she said. At that time, we were both eager to spend as much time as possible out of the house. Arriving at the court, we set down our bags, picked up our rackets (球拍), and headed to our sides of the court. The net was like the growing divide between us — I desiring connection and my teenage daughter longing for independence. I started by hitting a ball over the net, and Julianna took a big swing and missed. We repeated this several more times. I didn’t tell her she was holding the racket too close to the neck or she should step more into her forehand. My daughter wanted the chance to figure these things out for herself. We repeated the pattern of me hitting the ball and her missing it a few times before she finally got it back over the net. “This is fun,” she said with a mixture of surprise and delight and then she smiled widely. Now we always find time to play tennis. We’re both eager for an activity that can ease tensions between us in daily life. It’s nice to have a place where both of us can release our negative moods and let them go. 8. Why did the author persuade her daughter to play tennis? A. Tennis was as popular as ping-pong. B. They had a good time playing tennis together. C. It would help her daughter make more like-minded friends. D. It would be good for her daughter’s emotional management. 9. What does the underlined word “undeterred” mean in paragraph 2? A. Not dishonest. B. Not sure. C. Not discouraged. D. Not surprised. 10. What did the author do when her daughter missed the ball? A. She stood close to the net. B. She repeated hitting the ball. C. She changed ends with her daughter. D. She instructed her daughter immediately. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Mom Coaches Teen Daughter in Tennis B. Mom Helps Teen Daughter Express Her Emotions C. Mom Encourages Teen Daughter to Be Independent D. Mom and Teen Daughter Find Some Peace on the Tennis Court 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述的是一位母亲发现和女儿一起参加竞技运动有助于解决她们之间的分歧。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I believed that doing some sports would help Julianna manage her emotions. I’ve seen how sports help with stress. It worked for me when I was a teenage girl.(我相信做一些运动可以帮助朱莉安娜控制自己的情绪。我知道运动是如何缓解压力的。当我还是个小女孩的时候，这对我很有效。)”可知，作者认为进行体育运动有助于女儿管理情绪，青少年时期的作者深有体会，由此可知，作者之所以要说服女儿从事体育运动是因为她认为体育运动对她女儿的情绪管理有好处。故选D项。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“But my suggestion was always refused by her.(但我的建议总是被她拒绝。)”可知，作者建议女儿从事体育运动的建议总是被拒绝，根据划线单词前的still可知，此处意为“然而”，与上文为转折关系，结合下文中的“I believed that doing some sports would help Julianna manage her emotions.(我相信做一些运动可以帮助朱莉安娜控制自己的情绪。)”可知，作者认为运动可以帮助女儿管理情绪，所以很坚持要女儿从事运动；由此可知，划线单词undeterred的意思是“不泄气”，与C选项Not discouraged的意义相近。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I started by hitting a ball over the net, and Julianna took a big swing and missed. We repeated this several more times. I didn’t tell her she was holding the racket too close to the neck or she should step more into her forehand.(我一开始把球打过了网，朱莉安娜挥了一大步，没打中。我们又重复了几次。我没有告诉她，她把球拍拿得离脖子太近，或者她应该更多地用正手击球。)”可知，在作者女儿Julianna没有击中球，他们又重复了几次，而且作者并没有告诉她应该如何击球，由此可知，在作者女儿没有击中球的时候，作者重复击球。故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据尾段“Now we always find time to play tennis. We’re both eager for an activity that can ease tensions between us in daily life. It’s nice to have a place where both of us can release our negative moods and let them go.(现在我们总是找时间打网球。我们都渴望一项活动，可以缓解我们在日常生活中的紧张关系。能有个地方让我们俩都能释放负面情绪，让它们散去，真是太好了。)”可知，现在作者与女儿经常找时间去打网球，这样缓解了他们在日常生活中的紧张关系，还可以释放负面情绪，结合上文讲述的女儿拒绝从事运动的建议到后来开始喜欢上打网球的经历可知，本文主要讲述的是一位妈妈与十几岁的女儿从事网球运动帮助他们解决了她们之间的一些紧张关系，D选项“Mom and Teen Daughter Find Some Peace on the Tennis Court(妈妈和十几岁的女儿在网球场上找到了一些平静)”能够概括本文主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。 D I’m trying to construct an alternative theory of myself in which I’m a tidy person. It’s not going well. Walking my recycling from my apartment to the waste room down the hall takes me anywhere from two minutes to a month. I hate looking at broken-down boxes in my apartment, but studies say humans are bad at prioritizing long-term goals over instant satisfaction and I apparently find doing anything else much more satisfying. According to psychology professor Joseph Ferrari, there are two types of people who have a problem completing housework in a timely manner task delayers and chronic procrastinators (慢性拖延症患者). All people procrastinate sometimes, Ferrari says, but for chronic procrastinators, it happens in all areas of life. Simple task delayers are more common, but they usually have a much easier time-building good habit than their chronic counterparts (相对应的人). Part of the reason why task delayers fall into their bad habits in the first place might be the time of the day when tasks often occur. “Doing those tasks takes some self-control, and if you’ve made a lot of choices already that day, it’s harder to use self-control,” says Roy Baumeister, a social psychologist. If you could sit at your desk and play Candy Crush all day like you might want to, washing some plates when you get home might not seem as hard. Caretaker Gloria Fraser always considers herself a quick, efficient person in her professional life, but the emotional baggage of housework makes personal tasks more difficult. “There’s a negative tape going on in my head that says I should have done something and asks why I waited until it got this bad,” she says. “So instead of doing it, I’m thinking about all the times I should have.” If a problem can be understood, maybe it can be fixed. Betsy Burroughs, a former branding manager, used to have a hard time keeping her home tidy. She says, “But then I noticed that if I was having people over, not only would I clean the place up, but I’d actually enjoy cleaning it.” Her solution was to start a monthly party at home, which has ran for more than 12 years. Anyway, being aware of your habits does seem to have an impact on procrastination. 12. Why does the author struggle with taking out the recycling in a timely manner? A. She dislikes the process of breaking down boxes. B. The waste room is located far away from her apartment. C. She thinks recycling does not cause problems at her apartment. D. Throwing away the recycling cannot bring her instant satisfaction. 13. According to Roy Baumeister, what is a reason for task delayers putting off housework? A. They are too tired B. They have no sense of time. C. They find housework boring. D. They have more important things to do. 14. What can we learn about Gloria Fraser’s experience with personal tasks? A. She is highly motivated to complete them immediately. B. She finds personal tasks easier than professional tasks. C. Negative thoughts and regrets prevent her from taking action. D. Finishing personal tasks seldom provides her with emotional support. 15. How does Betsy Burroughs address her struggle with keeping her home tidy? A. By changing her career. B. By seeking help from her friend. C. By hosting regular social events. D. By employing a professional cleaner. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同人群在完成家务时存在的拖延问题，分析了任务拖延者与慢性拖延者的区别，以及如何通过理解习惯来对抗拖延，提高生活整理的主动性。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Walking my recycling from my apartment to the waste room down the hall takes me anywhere from two minutes to a month. I hate looking at broken-down boxes in my apartment, but studies say humans are bad at prioritizing long-term goals over instant satisfaction and I apparently find doing anything else much more satisfying.(从我的公寓步行到大厅下面的垃圾处理室，我需要两分钟到一个月的时间。我讨厌在公寓里看到破碎的盒子，但研究表明，人类不善于将长期目标置于即时满足之上，我显然发现做其他事情更令人满意)”可知，作者不及时处理回收物品是因为相比于长期目标（保持环境整洁），她更倾向于即时满足感，即扔垃圾无法立即给她带来满足感。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段Roy Baumeister的观点“‘Doing those tasks takes some self-control, and if you’ve made a lot of choices already that day, it’s harder to use self-control,’ says Roy Baumeister, a social psychologist. If you could sit at your desk and play Candy Crush all day like you might want to, washing some plates when you get home might not seem as hard.(社会心理学家Roy Baumeister说：‘完成这些任务需要一些自制力，如果那天你已经做出了很多选择，那么就更难使用自制力。’。如果你能像你想的那样整天坐在办公桌前玩《糖果粉碎》，那么回家后洗盘子可能就不会那么难了)”可知，任务拖延者推迟家务的一个原因是他们在一天中已经做了很多决策，自我控制力减弱。由此可推知，Roy Baumeister认为，任务拖延者推迟做家务的原因是因为精神上的疲惫造成自我控制力的枯竭。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“‘There’s a negative tape going on in my head that says I should have done something and asks why I waited until it got this bad,’ she says. ‘So instead of doing it, I’m thinking about all the times I should have.’(她说：“我的脑海中有一个负面的声音在说我应该做点什么，并问为什么我等到情况变得这么糟糕才去做。‘所以我没有去做，而是在思考我应该拥有的所有时间。’)”可知，Gloria Fraser的个人事务处理受阻是因为脑海中的负面想法和对过去的后悔，这些情绪阻碍了她的行动。故选C。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Her solution was to start a monthly party at home, which has run for more than 12 years.(她的解决方案是在家里每月举办一次派对，已经举办了12年多)”可知，她通过定期在家举办社交活动来促使自己保持家居整洁。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There are hundreds of genres (流派) of music, so while some might like one kind, others might like something completely different. Why do people like different kinds of music? ____16____ At the same time, music can also help us feel like part of a group or a culture, especially one that shares an interest in a certain kind of music. Music can also be nostalgic, that is, it creates a kind of longing for the past. Musicians leave behind a footprint with their music.____17____ Even long after the musicians are gone, people still find something in the musicians’ recordings that they can enjoy. We may also find that the music we like is strongly tied to our memory. Maybe there was a song that someone sang to us when we were little that brings up good memories. ____18____ When we listen to music that we like, a chemical called dopamine is sometimes released in the brain, which can make us feel good. ____19____ There are some algorithms (算法) today that can help pick up on the kind of music we like. When we are streaming music, some programs will let us like or dislike songs. People’s taste in music can remain the same in their whole life or it can change many times. But the truth is, we don’t know all the exact answers to why people like different kinds of music — or sports, or food, or colors. ____20____ We are all different people who like different things. A. It’s music to our ears. B. Music can be a part of our identity. C. It becomes a mirror that we are holding up. D. They leave a permanent mark in people’s lives. E. Therefore, we might want to listen to a song on repeat. F. Other times, we might find music can bring up sad memories. G. There are lots of different factors that can influence our preferences. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. F 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了音乐对人们的影响。 【16题详解】 根据后文“At the same time, music can also help us feel like part of a group or a culture, especially one that shares an interest in a certain kind of music.(与此同时，音乐也可以帮助我们感觉自己是一个团体或文化的一部分，尤其是对某种音乐有共同兴趣的人)”可知，后文提到了音乐对自身其他方面的影响，故本句是在说明音乐可以成为身体的一部分，故B选项“音乐可以成为我们身份的一部分”符合语境，故选B。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Musicians leave behind a footprint with their music.(音乐家在音乐中留下了足迹)”可知，上文提到了音乐家，D选项They指代上文Musicians。故D选项“他们在人们的生活中留下了永久的印记”符合语境，故选D。 【18题详解】 根据上文“We may also find that the music we like is strongly tied to our memory. Maybe there was a song that someone sang to us when we were little that brings up good memories.(我们可能还会发现，我们喜欢的音乐与我们的记忆密切相关。也许在我们小的时候，有人给我们唱过一首歌，勾起了我们美好的回忆)”可知，上文提到音乐可以勾起美好回忆，同样也能唤起悲伤的回忆。故F选项“其他时候，我们可能会发现音乐能唤起悲伤的回忆”符合语境，故选F。 【19题详解】 根据上文“When we listen to music that we like, a chemical called dopamine is sometimes released in the brain, which can make us feel good.(当我们听自己喜欢的音乐时，大脑中有时会释放一种叫做多巴胺的化学物质，它能让我们感觉良好)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出喜欢的音乐让我们感觉良好，所以喜欢重复听。故E选项“因此，我们可能想要重复听一首歌”符合语境，故选E。 【20题详解】 根据上文“But the truth is, we don’t know all the exact answers to why people like different kinds of music — or sports, or food, or colors.(但事实是，我们并不知道人们为什么喜欢不同种类的音乐、运动、食物或颜色的确切答案)”可知，本句承接上文说明影响偏好的因素很多，无法确定。故G选项“有很多不同的因素可以影响我们的偏好”符合语境，故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Tidying your desk, watering your plants, folding clothes — these household chores are hardly the height of pleasure. Yet I often find myself ____21____ these little tasks. If I’m stuck in writer’s block with a deadline ____22____, I’ll have to clear up the papers placed around my office — and it’s sometimes the most ____23____ I feel all day. I’m not alone in this. In the face of the pandemic, many people reported finding renewed interest in ____24____ their homes as a way of coping with uncertainty. Psychologists suggest there are many potential mechanisms (机制) that can explain the ____25____ from these tasks and their benefits — these may well encourage you to ____26____ these odd jobs more often. Little chores may be useful because they ____27____ the mind, leading us to devote fewer resources to the things that ____28____ us. Even if we struggle with activities that are meant to help us relax, we may find household tasks can help us ____29____ the here and now. But this depends on what we give our most _____30_____ to. In one of the few studies to examine the mental health benefits of washing the dishes, researchers at Florida State University _____31_____ fifty-one participants into two groups, half reading a text that encouraged them to focus their thoughts on the activity _____32_____ while the rest just reading factual instructions on how to do washing up. _____33_____, the participants were asked to take a questionnaire about their feelings. Those who had fully engaged with the experience reported a significantly better mood. This included _____34_____ nervousness and even a sense of “inspiration”, as if the simple activity had _____35_____ their minds. 21. A. ignoring B. enjoying C. avoiding D. simplifying 22. A. agreed B. established C. passing D. approaching 23. A. relaxed B. bored C. worried D. annoyed 24. A. opening up B. setting up C. returning to D. looking after 25. A. burden B. pleasure C. problems D. expectations 26. A. deal with B. give up C. learn about D. engage in 27. A. occupy B. broaden C. motivate D. challenge 28. A. interest B. bother C. delight D. surprise 29. A. forget B. evaluate C. escape D. appreciate 30. A. hope B. attention C. happiness D. credits 31. A. sorted B. divided C. isolated D. ranked 32. A. entirely B. quickly C. mainly D. initially 33. A. Therefore B. Afterwards C. Still D. However 34. A. continued B. increased C. unexplained D. reduced 35. A. slipped B. refreshed C. developed D. exhausted 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过分享自己在写作瓶颈时通过清理办公室文件来放松的经历，指出在疫情期间，许多人通过照顾家来应对不确定性。心理学家认为，家务活动能够占据思维，减少对困扰事情的投入，帮助人们专注于当下。也有研究表明，当人们全神贯注于家务活动时，他们的情绪会得到改善，紧张感减少，甚至感到灵感涌现。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我经常发现自己很享受这些小任务。A. ignoring忽视；B. enjoying享受；C. avoiding避免；D. simplifying简化。根据上文“Tidying your desk, watering your plants, folding clothes — these household chores are hardly the height of pleasure.”和表示转折的“Yet”可知，虽然通常情况下，这些家务琐事很难让人感到愉悦，但作者很享受这些小任务。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果截稿日期临近，我陷入了写作的瓶颈，我就不得不清理办公室周围的文件——有时这是我一天中最放松的时候。A. agreed同意；B. established建立；C. passing传递；D. approaching临近。根据上文“If I’m stuck in writer’s block with a deadline”可推知，此处应该是描述截稿日期临近，作者陷入写作的瓶颈的情况。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果截稿日期临近，我陷入了写作的瓶颈，我就不得不清理办公室周围的文件——有时这是我一天中最放松的时候。A. relaxed放松的；B. bored无聊的；C. worried担心的；D. annoyed烦恼的。根据下文“Even if we struggle with activities that are meant to help us relax”可推知，清理办公室周围的文件这样的事让作者感到放松。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：面对大流行病，许多人报告说，他们对照顾自己的家重新产生了兴趣，以此作为应对不确定性的一种方式。A. opening up开放；B. setting up建立；C. returning to返回；D. looking after照顾。根据上文“Tidying your desk, watering your plants, folding clothes — these household chores are hardly the height of pleasure.”可知，此处指像整理桌子、给植物浇水、叠衣服这样照顾自己的家的琐事。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理学家认为，有许多潜在的机制可以解释从这些任务中获得的快乐及其好处——这些可能会鼓励你更频繁地从事这些零碎的工作。A. burden负担；B. pleasure快乐；C. problems问题；D. expectations期望。根据上文“as a way of coping with uncertainty”可知，做这些事帮助人们应对不确定性，因此应该是带来了积极的感受，pleasure“快乐”符合语境。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：心理学家认为，有许多潜在的机制可以解释从这些任务中获得的快乐及其好处——这些可能会鼓励你更频繁地从事这些零碎的工作。A. deal with处理；B. give up放弃；C. learn about了解；D. engage in从事。根据上文“Psychologists suggest there are many potential mechanisms (机制) that can explain the ____5____ from these tasks and their benefits”可知，这些任务带来的积极的事物有其好处，因此应该是会让人更频繁地从事这些零碎的工作。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：琐碎的杂务可能是有用的，因为它们占据了我们的思想，使我们把更少的资源投入到困扰我们的事情上。A. occupy占据；B. broaden拓宽；C. motivate激励；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“leading us to devote fewer resources to the things”可知，这些杂务分走了我们的一部分资源，因此是占据了我们的思想。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：琐碎的杂务可能是有用的，因为它们占据了我们的思想，使我们把更少的资源投入到困扰我们的事情上。A. interest使感兴趣；B. bother烦扰；C. delight使高兴；D. surprise使惊讶。根据上文“Little chores may be useful”可知，琐碎的杂务可能是有用的，由此推知，它们的用处在于让我们更少关注困扰我们的事情。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使我们对那些旨在帮助我们放松的活动感到挣扎，我们可能会发现家务可以帮助我们欣赏此时此地。A. forget忘记；B. evaluate评估；C. escape逃跑；D. appreciate欣赏。根据上文“Even if we struggle with activities that are meant to help us relax”可知，前后是让步关系，前面是偏负面的挣扎的感受，后面应该是积极的帮助我们欣赏此时此地的作用。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这取决于我们最关注的是什么。A. hope希望；B. attention注意；C. happiness幸福；D. credits赞扬。根据下文“half reading a text that encouraged them to focus their thoughts on the activity ____12____ while the rest just reading factual instructions on how to do washing up”可知，接下来的实验主要研究人们所关注的东西和这种影响之间的关系，因此此处指这取决于我们最关注的是什么。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在为数不多的调查洗碗对心理健康益处的研究中，佛罗里达州立大学的研究人员将51名参与者分成两组，其中一半人阅读一篇鼓励他们把注意力完全集中在洗碗上的文章，而另一半人只阅读有关如何洗碗的实际说明。A. sorted分类；B. divided划分；C. isolated隔离；D. ranked排名。根据下文“fifty-one participants into two groups”可知，研究人员将51名参与者分成两组，需注意sorted“分类”侧重根据事物的特性或属性将其归类，以达到有序或优化的目的，不符合语境。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在为数不多的调查洗碗对心理健康益处的研究中，佛罗里达州立大学的研究人员将51名参与者分成两组，其中一半人阅读一篇鼓励他们把注意力完全集中在洗碗上的文章，而另一半人只阅读有关如何洗碗的实际说明。A. entirely完全地；B. quickly快速地；C. mainly主要地；D. initially最初地。根据下文“Those who had fully engaged with the experience”可知，其中一半人阅读一篇鼓励他们把注意力完全集中在洗碗上的文章。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：之后，参与者被要求填写一份关于他们感受的问卷。A. Therefore因此；B. Afterwards之后；C. Still仍然；D. However然而。根据下文“the participants were asked to take a questionnaire about their feelings”可知，此处介绍该实验的具体过程，按照时间顺序进行，应该是之后被要求填写问卷。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这包括减少紧张，甚至有一种“充满灵感”的感觉，就好像这个简单的活动让他们的头脑焕然一新。A. continued持续的；B. increased增加的；C. unexplained未解释的；D. reduced减少的。根据上文“Those who had fully engaged with the experience reported a significantly better mood.”可知，他们的情绪明显更好，因此紧张是减少了。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这包括减少紧张，甚至有一种“充满灵感”的感觉，就好像这个简单的活动让他们的头脑焕然一新。A. slipped滑落；B. refreshed使恢复精力；C. developed发展；D. exhausted使筋疲力尽。根据上文“Those who had fully engaged with the experience reported a significantly better mood.”和“even a sense of “inspiration””可知，他们的情绪明显更好，甚至有“充满灵感”的感觉，因此是让他们的头脑焕然一新。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A golden cat was shot by an infrared (红外线的) camera in the forests in Gansu province in early September. This was the first time that an image of this rare animal _____36_____ (capture) in the Bailongjiang forest area in Gansu. Liu Tiantai, a senior engineer in the Bailongjiang forestry _____37_____ (conserve) center, said that the camera captured three photos and one video of _____38_____ precious animal. “The photos were taken on Sept 2, and _____39_____ (feature) the animal with distinct characteristics such as unique head and ears, body and black tail tip. It was identified _____40_____a golden cat, a national first-class key protected wild animal,” Liu said. The golden cat is a carnivorous (食肉的) mammal living in mountain forests, _____41_____ footprints can be seen from humid evergreen forests to broad-leaved mixed forests at an altitude of _____42_____ (approximate) 3,000 meters. Bailongjiang center has completed the construction of an initial wildlife protection monitoring system _____43_____ (equip) with 105 infrared cameras. According to monitoring data returned by these cameras in the past month, the “_____44_____ (appear) rate” of rare wild animals such as sika deer and red foxes has greatly increased, which indicates that the ecological construction of the forest area is constantly improving and _____45_____ biodiversity is well protected there, Liu said. 【答案】36. had been captured 37. conservation 38. the 39. featured 40. as 41. whose 42. approximately 43. equipped 44. appearance 45. that 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章讲述了一只国家一级重点保护野生动物金猫在甘肃省白龙江森林地区被拍摄到，体现了林区生态建设正在不断完善，生物多样性得到了很好的保护。 【36题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：这是第一次在甘肃白龙江林区捕捉到这种稀有动物的图像。空处应为谓语动词，句式This is/was the first time that...表示“某件事情是第一次发生”，从句常用完成时，由句中“was”可知，应用过去完成时；主语是“an image”，与capture之间应为被动关系，表示“图像被捕捉到”，故为被动语态。故填had been captured。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：白龙江森林保护中心的高级工程师刘天泰表示，摄像机拍摄了这只珍贵动物的三张照片和一段视频。空处作定语，修饰名词“center”；conservation为名词，表示“保护”，可作定语，conservation centre表示“保护中心”，符合句意。故填conservation。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：白龙江森林保护中心的高级工程师刘天泰表示，摄像机拍摄了这只珍贵动物的三张照片和一段视频。空处应用冠词，修饰名词短语“precious animal”，特指前文提到的“a golden cat”这一珍贵的动物，故应用定冠词the表特指。故填the。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这些照片拍摄于9月2日，主要描绘了这只有着鲜明的特征，比如独特的头、耳朵、身体和黑色的尾巴尖的动物。由“and”可知，空处与“were taken”作并列谓语，故应用过去式，feature表示“以……为特征”，与主语“The photos”之间应为主动关系。故填featured。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：它被鉴定是一只金猫，国家一级重点保护野生动物。动词identify表示“鉴定、识别”，动词短语be identified as...意为“被认定为、被鉴定为”，后接名词短语“a golden cat”作宾语，符合句子和句意。故填as。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：金猫是一种生活在山林中的食肉哺乳动物，从湿润的常绿森林到海拔约3000米的阔叶混交林，都能看到金猫的足迹。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“The golden cat”，关系词替代先行词在从句中作footprints的定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：金猫是一种生活在山林中的食肉哺乳动物，从湿润的常绿森林到海拔约3000米的阔叶混交林，都能看到金猫的足迹。空处应用副词，修饰“3,000 meters”，作状语；approximately为副词，表示“大约”，符合句意。故填approximately。 【43题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：白龙江中心已经完成了一个初始的配有105个红外摄像机的野生动物保护监测系统的建设。根据谓语“has completed”可知，空处应为非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰名词短语“monitoring system”，并与其之间形成被动关系，表示“被配备了105个红外摄像机的监测系统”，故应用过去分词equipped。故填equipped。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：从近一个月来摄像机传回的监测数据来看，梅花鹿、红狐等珍稀野生动物“出镜率”大幅增加，说明林区生态建设不断改善，生物多样性得到了很好的保护。空处应作定语，修饰名词“rate”；appearance表示“出现”，为不可数名词，appearance rate意为“出现率”，符合句子和句意。故填appearance。 【45题详解】 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：从近一个月来摄像机传回的监测数据来看，梅花鹿、红狐等珍稀野生动物“出镜率”大幅增加，说明林区生态建设不断改善，生物多样性得到了很好的保护。动词“indicates”后为两个由“and”连接的并列宾语从句，空处在从句中不作成分，且没有实际汉语意思，故应用连接词that。故填that。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假如你是某学校学生会主席李华。你校准备组织一次“让文物活起来”(Bring Cultural Relics to Life)的活动，请你用英语写一篇开幕辞，欢迎参加活动的师生。内容包括： (1)表示欢迎； (2)活动目的； (3)活动内容。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80左右 (2)参考词汇：手工艺品artifact Dear teachers and fellow students, I’m Li hua, chairman of the Student Union. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear teachers and fellow students, I’m Li hua, chairman of the Student Union. Welcome to take part in the activity called Bring Cultural Relics to Life. In order to enrich students’ school life and make us know more about our cultural relics, our school holds the activity. The activity consists of two parts. At the beginning, the headmaster will deliver a speech at the opening ceremony, making a short introduction to cultural relics. After that, some cultural relics such as artifacts, paintings and so on will be displayed, from which we can have a better understanding of our history. Hopefully, you can enjoy yourselves! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就你校准备组织的“让文物活起来”（Bring Cultural Relics to Life）的活动，用英语写一篇开幕辞，欢迎参加活动的师生。内容包括：表示欢迎；活动目的；活动内容。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：take part in→participate in 首先：At the beginning→To begin with 发表演讲：deliver a speech→give a speech 展示：display→show 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Welcome to take part in the activity called Bring Cultural Relics to Life. 拓展句：Welcome to take part in the activity which is called Bring Cultural Relics to Life. 【点睛】[高分句型1] At the beginning, the headmaster will deliver a speech at the opening ceremony, making a short introduction to cultural relics. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] After that, some cultural relics such as artifacts, paintings and so on will be displayed, from which we can have a better understanding of our history. (运用了介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句) 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played together and went home together. One day, Robert and Henry were going home from school, when, on turning a corner, Robert cried out, “A fight! Let's go and see!” “No,” said Henry. “Let us go quietly home and not meddle with (插手) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with it and may get into trouble. Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together at home and I don't want them to worry about me.” “You are a coward (懦夫), and afraid to go,” said Robert, and he ran. Henry went straight home and in the afternoon went to school as usual. But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal. From then on, they looked down upon Henry and didn’t want to play with him together. Henry was sad but he wasn't angry with Robert for his rude behavior, because he learned that true courage is shown most in bearing misunderstanding when it was not deserved, and that he ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong. Thus, he just ignored (忽视) the other boys' laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didn't invite Henry to go home with him anymore. Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward. Everyday after school, they didn't go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun. A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth. He struggled, and screamed for help, but all in vain. The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, but they did not even try to help him. 注意： 1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2)续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1： Robert was fast sinking. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Thus, Robert’s life was saved. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Robert was fast sinking. It seemed as if Robert would be drowned only with his hands sticking out of the water. Just at the moment, Henry happened to be passing by. Hearing the screams, Henry ran quickly to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation. He reached Robert just as he was sinking at the last moment. By great effort, and with too much danger to himself, he brought Robert back to the shore. Thus, Robert’s life was saved. Robert and his new friends were ashamed at having called Henry a coward. They realized that Robert had true courage. And it was Henry who was the true friend worth making. They said sorry to Henry for their rude behavior and asked for his forgiveness. Henry forgave them happily. He and Robert were friends again and they went home together as usual. From this, Robert learned what true courage was: never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil. 【解析】 【导语】本文以时间为线索展开。罗伯特和亨利原本是好朋友，但是因为亨利不同意和罗伯特一起去看别人打架，罗伯特认为亨利是一个懦夫，就疏远了他，并告诉别的朋友亨利是个懦夫。几天后罗伯特和新朋友们一起在河里洗澡时意外溺水，新朋友们没有人救他，这时恰好亨利经过，亨利毫不犹豫地把罗伯特救了上来，罗伯特才明白真正的勇气是永远不要害怕做好事，但永远害怕做坏事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“罗伯特正在迅速下沉。”可知，第一段可描写亨利恰好经过奋不顾身地救了罗伯特。 ②由第二段首句内容“因此，罗伯特得救了。”可知，第二段可描写罗伯特认识到了什么是真正的勇气并向亨利道歉。 2.续写线索：危急——经过——施救——羞愧——道歉——重归于好——感悟 3.词汇激活 ①.路过：pass by/go by ②.意识到：realize/be aware ③.原谅：forgive/excuse 情绪类 ①.惭愧的：ashamed/compunctious ②.乐意地：happily/gladly 【点睛】[高分句型1] It seemed as if Robert would be drowned only with his hands sticking out of the water. (运用了with的复合结构) [高分句型2] And it was Henry who was the true friend worth making. (运用了强调句句式) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江苏省扬州中学联培部高三上期中考试 英语（英才E） 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Membership University of Johannesburg staff and registered students in possession of a valid University card qualify for membership of the UJ Library. Access to facilities and services 1. Clients have access to all Campus Libraries on presentation of their own university card. 2. Books are issued to clients on the presentation of their own university card. 3. Lost cards must immediately be reported in writing to the Team Leader: Lending Services at the Campus Library or to the Campus Librarian. Library hours Library hours are revised annually and made available on the UJ Library web page. Campus libraries will be closed on public holidays. Rules of conduct 1. Behavior which disrupts the activities of the Library or affects the right to a quiet and orderly work and study environment of other library clients is not permitted. 2. Smoking is not permitted anywhere in the Library or within a seven-meter radius (半径) of the Library entrance. 3. Books, other library materials, equipment or facilities may not be defaced, damaged or stolen. 4. Cell phones must be on silent in the Library. 5. Use of the computers in the Library is subject to time limits during peak usage periods. In addition, clients may NOT: a) link any device to the network without the written approval of the Information Technology Division; b) remove or exchange computer equipment without the written approval of the Information Technology Division. 1. What is this text mainly about? A. The UJ Library regulations. B. The UJ Library computer use rules. C. The guidelines for the UJ Library staff. D. The register information of the UJ Library. 2. What should a client do if his university card is missing? A. Use his ID card instead. B. Report to the police station. C. Inform the loss to the Library. D. Revise his register information. 3. Which of the following is forbidden according to the text? A. Shutting down one’s mobile phone. B. Using the computers in the Library. C. Linking disks to the Library network secretly. D. Keeping an orderly work and study environment. B In the 1950s, British historian Northeaster Parkinson came up with a concept which was later known as Parkinson’s Law of Triviality. It states that the amount of time spent discussing an issue in an organization is oppositely associated with its actual importance. Parkinson’s Law of Triviality is also known as “bike-shedding (车棚)”, after the story Parkinson uses to illustrate it. He asks readers to imagine a financial committee meeting to discuss a three-point agenda. The points are as follows: A proposal for a f10 million nuclear power plant; A proposal for a f350 bike shed; A proposal for a f21 annual coffee budget. What happens? The committee ends up running through the nuclear power plant proposal in little time. It’s too advanced for anyone to really dig into the details. The discussion soon moves to the bike shed. Here, everyone’s an expert. In the end, the committee runs out of time and decides to meet again to complete their analysis. Bike-shedding happens because the smaller a matter is, the more people will have an opinion on it, even when there is no real value to add. When something is outside of our circle of competence, like a nuclear power plant, we don’t even try to express an opinion. But when something is understandable everyone wants to show that they know about the topic at hand. How can we avoid bike-shedding? The main thing you can do is to have a clear purpose. Priya Parker, the author of The Art of Gathering: How We Meet and Why It Matters, says that any successful gathering needs to have a focused purpose. “Specificity,” she says, “is a key element.” When it comes to choosing your list of invitees, Parker writes, “if the purpose of your meeting is to make a decision, you may want to consider having fewer cooks in the kitchen.” Getting the result you want—a thoughtful, educated discussion about that power plant—depends on having the right people in the room. 4. What is Parkinson’s purpose of presenting the imaginary meeting? A. To state a fact. B. To clarify a concept. C. To make a prediction. D. To introduce a new point. 5. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4? A. The more you know, the less you speak. B. What is simple for you may be tough for others. C. What requires more work may get less attention. D. The more you put in, the better your result will be. 6. Which is the author’s suggestion for a successful meeting? A. Planning before the meeting. B. Getting the right people to the table. C. Spending less time on the minor issues. D. Taking different opinions into account. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Purpose: The Key to an Effective Meeting B. Talent: A Crucial Element in Organizations C. The Bike Shed Effect: Avoiding Small Matters D. Nuclear Power Plant: The Less-known Proposal C When I suggested my 13-year-old try tennis, she quickly refused me. “I’m not sporty; stop trying to get me to do sports,” Julianna said. I had suggested it because some of my happiest recent memories were of playing ping-pong with her. Tennis seemed like a natural progression from ping-pong and a great way to work out some of her growing pains on a larger playing field. But my suggestion was always refused by her. Still, I was undeterred. I believed that doing some sports would help Julianna manage her emotions. I’ve seen how sports help with stress. It worked for me when I was a teenage girl. Midway into summer, we stayed at home, and Julianna and I felt really bored. “Do you want to play tennis?” I asked her at lunch one afternoon. Sure, she said. At that time, we were both eager to spend as much time as possible out of the house. Arriving at the court, we set down our bags, picked up our rackets (球拍), and headed to our sides of the court. The net was like the growing divide between us — I desiring connection and my teenage daughter longing for independence. I started by hitting a ball over the net, and Julianna took a big swing and missed. We repeated this several more times. I didn’t tell her she was holding the racket too close to the neck or she should step more into her forehand. My daughter wanted the chance to figure these things out for herself. We repeated the pattern of me hitting the ball and her missing it a few times before she finally got it back over the net. “This is fun,” she said with a mixture of surprise and delight and then she smiled widely. Now we always find time to play tennis. We’re both eager for an activity that can ease tensions between us in daily life. It’s nice to have a place where both of us can release our negative moods and let them go. 8. Why did the author persuade her daughter to play tennis? A. Tennis was as popular as ping-pong. B. They had a good time playing tennis together. C. It would help her daughter make more like-minded friends. D. It would be good for her daughter’s emotional management. 9. What does the underlined word “undeterred” mean in paragraph 2? A. Not dishonest. B. Not sure. C. Not discouraged. D. Not surprised. 10. What did the author do when her daughter missed the ball? A. She stood close to the net. B. She repeated hitting the ball. C. She changed ends with her daughter. D. She instructed her daughter immediately. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Mom Coaches Teen Daughter in Tennis B. Mom Helps Teen Daughter Express Her Emotions C. Mom Encourages Teen Daughter to Be Independent D. Mom and Teen Daughter Find Some Peace on the Tennis Court D I’m trying to construct an alternative theory of myself in which I’m a tidy person. It’s not going well. Walking my recycling from my apartment to the waste room down the hall takes me anywhere from two minutes to a month. I hate looking at broken-down boxes in my apartment, but studies say humans are bad at prioritizing long-term goals over instant satisfaction and I apparently find doing anything else much more satisfying. According to psychology professor Joseph Ferrari, there are two types of people who have a problem completing housework in a timely manner task delayers and chronic procrastinators (慢性拖延症患者). All people procrastinate sometimes, Ferrari says, but for chronic procrastinators, it happens in all areas of life. Simple task delayers are more common, but they usually have a much easier time-building good habit than their chronic counterparts (相对应的人). Part of the reason why task delayers fall into their bad habits in the first place might be the time of the day when tasks often occur. “Doing those tasks takes some self-control, and if you’ve made a lot of choices already that day, it’s harder to use self-control,” says Roy Baumeister, a social psychologist. If you could sit at your desk and play Candy Crush all day like you might want to, washing some plates when you get home might not seem as hard. Caretaker Gloria Fraser always considers herself a quick, efficient person in her professional life, but the emotional baggage of housework makes personal tasks more difficult. “There’s a negative tape going on in my head that says I should have done something and asks why I waited until it got this bad,” she says. “So instead of doing it, I’m thinking about all the times I should have.” If a problem can be understood, maybe it can be fixed. Betsy Burroughs, a former branding manager, used to have a hard time keeping her home tidy. She says, “But then I noticed that if I was having people over, not only would I clean the place up, but I’d actually enjoy cleaning it.” Her solution was to start a monthly party at home, which has ran for more than 12 years. Anyway, being aware of your habits does seem to have an impact on procrastination. 12. Why does the author struggle with taking out the recycling in a timely manner? A. She dislikes the process of breaking down boxes. B. The waste room is located far away from her apartment. C. She thinks recycling does not cause problems at her apartment. D. Throwing away the recycling cannot bring her instant satisfaction. 13. According to Roy Baumeister, what is a reason for task delayers putting off housework? A. They are too tired B. They have no sense of time. C. They find housework boring. D. They have more important things to do. 14. What can we learn about Gloria Fraser’s experience with personal tasks? A. She is highly motivated to complete them immediately. B. She finds personal tasks easier than professional tasks. C. Negative thoughts and regrets prevent her from taking action. D. Finishing personal tasks seldom provides her with emotional support. 15. How does Betsy Burroughs address her struggle with keeping her home tidy? A. By changing her career. B. By seeking help from her friend. C. By hosting regular social events. D. By employing a professional cleaner. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There are hundreds of genres (流派) of music, so while some might like one kind, others might like something completely different. Why do people like different kinds of music? ____16____ At the same time, music can also help us feel like part of a group or a culture, especially one that shares an interest in a certain kind of music. Music can also be nostalgic, that is, it creates a kind of longing for the past. Musicians leave behind a footprint with their music.____17____ Even long after the musicians are gone, people still find something in the musicians’ recordings that they can enjoy. We may also find that the music we like is strongly tied to our memory. Maybe there was a song that someone sang to us when we were little that brings up good memories. ____18____ When we listen to music that we like, a chemical called dopamine is sometimes released in the brain, which can make us feel good. ____19____ There are some algorithms (算法) today that can help pick up on the kind of music we like. When we are streaming music, some programs will let us like or dislike songs. People’s taste in music can remain the same in their whole life or it can change many times. But the truth is, we don’t know all the exact answers to why people like different kinds of music — or sports, or food, or colors. ____20____ We are all different people who like different things. A. It’s music to our ears. B. Music can be a part of our identity. C. It becomes a mirror that we are holding up. D. They leave a permanent mark in people’s lives. E. Therefore, we might want to listen to a song on repeat. F. Other times, we might find music can bring up sad memories. G. There are lots of different factors that can influence our preferences. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Tidying your desk, watering your plants, folding clothes — these household chores are hardly the height of pleasure. Yet I often find myself ____21____ these little tasks. If I’m stuck in writer’s block with a deadline ____22____, I’ll have to clear up the papers placed around my office — and it’s sometimes the most ____23____ I feel all day. I’m not alone in this. In the face of the pandemic, many people reported finding renewed interest in ____24____ their homes as a way of coping with uncertainty. Psychologists suggest there are many potential mechanisms (机制) that can explain the ____25____ from these tasks and their benefits — these may well encourage you to ____26____ these odd jobs more often. Little chores may be useful because they ____27____ the mind, leading us to devote fewer resources to the things that ____28____ us. Even if we struggle with activities that are meant to help us relax, we may find household tasks can help us ____29____ the here and now. But this depends on what we give our most _____30_____ to. In one of the few studies to examine the mental health benefits of washing the dishes, researchers at Florida State University _____31_____ fifty-one participants into two groups, half reading a text that encouraged them to focus their thoughts on the activity _____32_____ while the rest just reading factual instructions on how to do washing up. _____33_____, the participants were asked to take a questionnaire about their feelings. Those who had fully engaged with the experience reported a significantly better mood. This included _____34_____ nervousness and even a sense of “inspiration”, as if the simple activity had _____35_____ their minds. 21. A. ignoring B. enjoying C. avoiding D. simplifying 22. A. agreed B. established C. passing D. approaching 23. A. relaxed B. bored C. worried D. annoyed 24. A. opening up B. setting up C. returning to D. looking after 25. A. burden B. pleasure C. problems D. expectations 26. A. deal with B. give up C. learn about D. engage in 27. A. occupy B. broaden C. motivate D. challenge 28. A. interest B. bother C. delight D. surprise 29. A. forget B. evaluate C. escape D. appreciate 30. A. hope B. attention C. happiness D. credits 31. A. sorted B. divided C. isolated D. ranked 32. A. entirely B. quickly C. mainly D. initially 33. A. Therefore B. Afterwards C. Still D. However 34. A. continued B. increased C. unexplained D. reduced 35. A. slipped B. refreshed C. developed D. exhausted 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A golden cat was shot by an infrared (红外线的) camera in the forests in Gansu province in early September. This was the first time that an image of this rare animal _____36_____ (capture) in the Bailongjiang forest area in Gansu. Liu Tiantai, a senior engineer in the Bailongjiang forestry _____37_____ (conserve) center, said that the camera captured three photos and one video of _____38_____ precious animal. “The photos were taken on Sept 2, and _____39_____ (feature) the animal with distinct characteristics such as unique head and ears, body and black tail tip. It was identified _____40_____a golden cat, a national first-class key protected wild animal,” Liu said. The golden cat is a carnivorous (食肉的) mammal living in mountain forests, _____41_____ footprints can be seen from humid evergreen forests to broad-leaved mixed forests at an altitude of _____42_____ (approximate) 3,000 meters. Bailongjiang center has completed the construction of an initial wildlife protection monitoring system _____43_____ (equip) with 105 infrared cameras. According to monitoring data returned by these cameras in the past month, the “_____44_____ (appear) rate” of rare wild animals such as sika deer and red foxes has greatly increased, which indicates that the ecological construction of the forest area is constantly improving and _____45_____ biodiversity is well protected there, Liu said. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假如你是某学校学生会主席李华。你校准备组织一次“让文物活起来”(Bring Cultural Relics to Life)的活动，请你用英语写一篇开幕辞，欢迎参加活动的师生。内容包括： (1)表示欢迎； (2)活动目的； (3)活动内容。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80左右 (2)参考词汇：手工艺品artifact Dear teachers and fellow students, I’m Li hua, chairman of the Student Union. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played together and went home together. One day, Robert and Henry were going home from school, when, on turning a corner, Robert cried out, “A fight! Let's go and see!” “No,” said Henry. “Let us go quietly home and not meddle with (插手) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with it and may get into trouble. Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together at home and I don't want them to worry about me.” “You are a coward (懦夫), and afraid to go,” said Robert, and he ran. Henry went straight home and in the afternoon went to school as usual. But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal. From then on, they looked down upon Henry and didn’t want to play with him together. Henry was sad but he wasn't angry with Robert for his rude behavior, because he learned that true courage is shown most in bearing misunderstanding when it was not deserved, and that he ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong. Thus, he just ignored (忽视) the other boys' laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didn't invite Henry to go home with him anymore. Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward. Everyday after school, they didn't go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun. A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth. He struggled, and screamed for help, but all in vain. The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, but they did not even try to help him. 注意： 1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2)续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1： Robert was fast sinking. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Thus, Robert’s life was saved. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $