Unit 5 Into the Wild（复习讲义）英语外研版必修第一册

该高中英语复习讲义围绕野生动物迁徙与自然保护主题，通过表格系统梳理22个核心词汇的词性、变形及固定搭配，用分类框架呈现10个重点句型的用法与仿写，结合语法模块构建“词汇-句型-语法”知识网络，突出关系副词引导定语从句等重难点的内在逻辑。 讲义亮点在于“分层练习”设计，如单词拼写巩固基础词汇，完形填空训练语篇理解，书面表达续写救助小鸟故事培养语言能力与思维品质。“易混词汇总结”表格助力学生辨析易错点提升学习能力，教师可依托资料实施精准复习，支持学生自主梳理知识脉络。

外研版必修第一册Unit 5 Into the Wild（复习讲义) 复习要点 1.本单元围绕野生动物迁徙与自然保护主题，熟练掌握单元核心词汇、词形变化、固定短语和课文重点句型。 2.掌握关系副词 when、where、why 引导限制性定语从句的用法，能够读懂科普叙事类文章，理清文章信息。 3.学会描述自然现象、动物习性，能够运用所学句式表达对野生动物保护的看法。 复习重难点 重点：掌握单元高频词汇搭配，理解并学会使用关系副词 when /where/why 引导限制性定语从句，掌握课文重要句型、非限制性定语从句与强调句型。 难点：准确区分定语从句关系副词与关系代词；根据从句缺少成分正确选用引导词，写作中合理运用定语从句优化句式。 单元词汇 知识点1：migrate /maɪˈɡreɪt/ 【词性/释义】 v. 迁徙，移栖 【单词变形】 migration n. 迁徙 【固定搭配】 migrate to… 迁徙到…… 【例句】 These butterflies migrate south every winter. 这些蝴蝶每年冬天向南迁徙。 知识点2：seek /siːk/ 【词性/释义】 v. 寻找，寻求 【单词变形】 过去式 / 过去分词 sought 【固定搭配】 seek sth.；seek to do sth. 试图做某事 【例句】 Many animals seek warmer places in cold seasons. 许多动物在寒冷季节寻找温暖的地方。 知识点3：measure /ˈmeʒə/ 【词性/释义】 v. 测量；（尺寸、长度）为…… 【单词变形】 measurement n. 测量；尺寸 【固定搭配】 measure the distance 测量距离 表 “（某物）长宽为……” 无被动语态 【例句】 The tree measures over 20 metres. 这棵树高达 20 多米。 知识点4：determine /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/ 【词性/释义】 v. 测定；确定；下决心 【单词变形】 determined adj. 坚定的；determination n. 决心 【固定搭配】 be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事 【例句】 Scientists determined where the birds travel. 科学家测定出鸟类的迁徙路线。 知识点5：survive /səˈvaɪv/ 【词性/释义】 v. 幸存，活下来 【单词变形】 survival n. 生存；survivor n. 幸存者 【固定搭配】 survive from… 从…… 存活下来；survive the disaster 在灾难中幸存 【例句】 Only a few creatures can survive the cold winter. 只有少数生物能够熬过寒冬。 知识点6：destroy /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ 【词性/释义】 v. 摧毁，破坏 【单词变形】 destruction n. 破坏；destructive adj. 破坏性的 【例句】 Pollution destroys the natural home of wild animals. 污染破坏野生动物的栖息地。 知识点7：concentrate /ˈkɒnsntreɪt/ 【词性/释义】 v. 专注，专心 【单词变形】 concentration n. 注意力，专注 【固定搭配】 concentrate on sth./doing sth. 集中精力于 【例句】 Concentrate on watching how the animals behave. 专心观察动物的行为。 知识点8：freeze /friːz/ 【词性/释义】 v. 冻住；呆住，愣住 【单词变形】 过去式 froze；过去分词 frozen；adj. frozen 冰冻的 【例句】 He froze when he saw the huge eagle. 看到那只巨鹰，他一下子愣住了。 知识点9：stare /steə/ 【词性/释义】 v. 凝视，盯着看 【固定搭配】 stare at 盯着…… 辨析：glance at 瞥一眼 【例句】 Don’t stare at wild animals too closely. 不要近距离盯着野生动物看。 知识点10：capture /ˈkæptʃə/ 【词性/释义】 v. 捕捉；（照片、文字）记录、抓拍 【例句】 The photographer captured the moment of migration. 摄影师抓拍下来迁徙的瞬间。 知识点11：recover /rɪˈkʌvə/ 【词性/释义】 v.（从糟糕经历中）恢复，康复 【单词变形】 recovery n. 恢复，痊愈 【固定搭配】 recover from 从…… 中恢复 【例句】 It took a long time for nature to recover from the fire. 大自然花了很久才从火灾中恢复。 知识点12：found /faʊnd/ 【词性/释义】 v. 创建，创立 【单词变形】 过去式 / 过去分词 founded；foundation n. 基金会，基础 易混区分：find（找到），过去式 found 【例句】 The charity was founded to protect wildlife. 这家慈善机构创立目的是保护野生动物。 知识点13：migration /maɪˈɡreɪʃn/ 【词性/释义】 n. 迁徙 【固定搭配】 annual migration 一年一度的迁徙 【例句】 The migration of monarch butterflies is amazing. 黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙十分壮观。 知识点14：position /pəˈzɪʃn/ 【词性/释义】 n. 位置；处境 【固定搭配】 in a good position 处于有利位置 【例句】 Scientists recorded each butterfly’s position. 科学家记录每一只蝴蝶所处的位置。 知识点15：solution /səˈluːʃn/ 【词性/释义】 n. 解决方法 【固定搭配】 a solution to …… 的解决办法（介词只用 to） 【例句】 We need to find a solution to protect wild creatures. 我们需要找到保护野生动物的解决办法。 知识点16：mystery /ˈmɪstri/ 【词性/释义】 n. 谜；难以理解的事物 【固定搭配】 solve the mystery 解开谜团 【例句】 Where they go in winter remains a mystery. 它们冬天去往何处依旧是个谜。 知识点17：variety /vəˈraɪəti/ 【词性/释义】 n. 多样化，变化 【单词变形】 various adj. 各种各样的 【固定搭配】 a variety of = varieties of 各种各样的 【例句】 A variety of birds pass through the area. 各种各样的鸟类途经这片区域。 知识点18：creature /ˈkriːtʃə/ 【词性/释义】 n. 生物，动物（泛指一切生物） 【例句】 All living creatures need food and water. 所有生物都需要食物和水。 知识点19：effect /ɪˈfekt/ 【词性/释义】 n. 影响，结果 【固定搭配】 have an effect on 对…… 产生影响 辨析：affect v. 影响 【例句】 Chemicals have a bad effect on insects. 化学品对昆虫有不良影响。 知识点20：reaction /riˈækʃn/ 【词性/释义】 n. 反应 【固定搭配】 reaction to 对…… 的反应 【例句】 What’s the animal’s reaction to noise? 这只动物对噪音有什么反应？ 知识点21：source /sɔːs/ 【词性/释义】 n. 来源，出处；源头 【例句】 The river is an important source of water for wildlife. 这条河是野生动物重要水源。 知识点22：shock /ʃɒk/ 【词性/释义】 n. 震惊，吃惊 v. 使震惊 【单词变形】 shocked adj.（人）感到震惊的；shocking adj. 令人震惊的 【例句】 It was a shock to see so many butterflies disappear. 看到大量蝴蝶消失令人震惊。 【易混总结】 单词 / 短语 正确用法 错误写法 / 用法 易错总结 seek 过去式、过去分词 sought seeked 不规则动词变形，不能直接加 - ed measure The tree measures 10 metres.（表物体长宽，无被动） The tree is measured 10 metres. measure 描述物体尺寸时，主动形式表被动含义，不用于被动语态 determine be determined to do sth. determine to doing sth. 固定搭配后接不定式 to do；determined 为形容词 “下定决心的” survive survive the storm（直接接灾难作宾语） survive from the storm survive 表示 “从灾难中幸存”，及物动词，不加 from found found v. 创立；过去分词 foundedfind v. 找到；过去式 found 混淆两个单词变形 found（创立）≠ found（find 过去式） concentrate concentrate on sth./doing sth. concentrate to do sth. 介词固定搭配 on freeze 过去式 froze；过去分词 frozen freezed 不规则变化，注意区分 frozen（adj. 冰冻的） solution a solution to the problem a solution of the problem 表示 “…… 的解决办法” 介词只用 to variety a variety of = varieties of（各种各样） a variety of + 单数名词 后接可数名词复数 effect have an effect on sth. have effect in sth. effect 名词；affect 动词，不要混用；固定搭配介词 on reaction reaction to sth. reaction of sth. 表达 “对…… 的反应” 介词用 to recover recover from illness recover illness 表示 “从…… 恢复” 必须搭配 from annual annual meeting 一年一度的会议 annual-ly（错误副词形式） 本身是形容词，副词 annually per cent 30 per cent（分开书写） 30 percent（美式可连写，课本用分开形式） 课本规范写法分开 per cent after all 单独使用，置于句首 / 句末 after all of 固定短语，不要随意添加 of 单元句型 1. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 用法：allow 后接不定式作宾补，不能用 allow sb. doing； 被动结构：sb. be allowed to do sth. 原句：These two pieces of information allow the butterfly to determine the way to go. 例句：The bright sunlight allows birds to find food easily. 仿写：Good sleep allows us to study better. （充足的睡眠让我们更好地学习。） 2. manage to do sth. 设法成功做成某事 用法：强调经过努力最终成功；区别 try to do（尽力做，不一定成功） 原句：Eventually, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter. 例句：They managed to protect these rare butterflies. 仿写：We managed to finish the wildlife survey before dark. （我们设法在天黑前完成野生动物调查。） 附带语法：where 引导限制性定语从句 先行词是地点名词，where 在从句中充当地点状语； 句式：地点名词 + where + 完整句子 仿句：This is the forest where many birds spend the winter. 3. brave the elements 冒着恶劣天气 用法：固定习语；the elements 特指风雨等恶劣天气 原句：As a nature photographer, I have to brave the elements. 例句：Many scientists braved the elements to study wild creatures. 仿写：The photographers braved the elements to take photos of eagles. （摄影师冒着恶劣天气拍摄雄鹰。） 4. be famous for /be best known for 因…… 闻名 用法：for 后面接出名的原因； 辨析：be famous as 作为某种身份而出名 原句：Yellowstone is famous for the variety of its wildlife, but it is probably best known for its bears. 例句：This area is famous for its migrating birds. 仿写：The lake is best known for beautiful wild swans. （这片湖泊因美丽的野生天鹅闻名。） 5. concentrate on (doing) sth. 集中精力于（做）某事 用法：on是介词，后面接名词或者动名词 doing 原句：While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene... 例句：You need to concentrate on observing animal behaviour. 仿写：He concentrated on recording the butterfly’s migration. （他专心记录蝴蝶的迁徙。） 6. from time to time 时不时，偶尔 同义：now and then 原句：From time to time I look at the photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals. 例句：From time to time, we go to the park to watch wild birds. 仿写：From time to time, she reads articles about wildlife protection. （她偶尔阅读有关野生动物保护的文章。） 7. after all 毕竟，终究 用法：常用于句首或句末，用来补充、解释理由 原句：After all, we are the visitors to their world. 例句：Don’t be angry with the animal. After all, it is just protecting itself. 仿写：You should be patient. After all, wild animals are afraid of humans. （你应当有耐心，毕竟野生动物害怕人类。） 8. It is … who… 强调句型 用法：强调人用 who；强调事物用 that；去掉 It is…who/that，句子依然完整。 原句：It is we who are the visitors to their world. 例句：It is humans who are destroying wildlife’s home. 仿写：It is everyone who should protect the natural environment. （每个人都应当保护自然环境。） 9. which 引导非限制性定语从句 用法：逗号隔开，which指代前面整件事 / 前面名词；不能用that 原句：An eagle flew over the snow-capped mountains, which were reflected in the still lake below. 例句：The river, which runs through the park, provides water for animals. 仿写：I took a photo of the butterfly, which became my favourite picture. （我拍下了这只蝴蝶，这成了我最喜欢的照片。） 10. while 引导时间状语从句 用法：while 引导进行时态，强调动作持续进行 原句：While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched. 例句：While he was watching the whale, he heard a strange sound. 仿写：While she was walking in the forest, she met a small deer. （当她在林中行走时，遇见了一只小鹿。） 单元语法：限制性定语从句、时间状语从句 一、核心语法：关系副词 when /where/why 引导限制性定语从句 1. 功能 关系副词具备双重作用： ① 连接主句与定语从句； ② 在定语从句内部充当状语（时间 / 地点 / 原因状语）。 2. 分类用法 where 先行词为地点名词，where 在从句作地点状语。 课文例句：the places where it will spend the winter when 先行词为时间名词，when 在从句作时间状语。 例：I still remember the day when we watched migration. why 先行词一般是 reason，why 在从句作原因状语。 例：Tell me the reason why many creatures migrate. 关键区分 如果定语从句缺少主语或宾语，不能用关系副词，改用关系代词 that /which/who。 二、课文出现拓展语法 1. which引导非限制性定语从句 逗号隔开，which 指代前面名词或整件事情；不能使用 that。 课文例句：An eagle flew over the snow-capped mountains, which were reflected in the still lake below. 2. while 引导时间状语从句 常搭配进行时态，强调动作持续进行。 课文例句：While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene… 3. that 引导宾语从句 / 同位含义从句 课文：had a feeling that I was being watched 4. 强调句型：It is/was + 被强调部分 + who/that… 强调人用 who；强调事物用 that；去掉框架，句子依然完整。 课文例句：It is we who are the visitors to their world. 5. 被动语态（过去进行时被动） was/were being done 过去正在被…… 例句：I was being watched. 易错提醒 1.where ≠ in which，只有先行词表地点、从句缺地点状语才可用 where； 2.非限制性定语从句只能用 which，不能用 that； 3.while 引导从句，主从句延续性动作常用进行时； 4.强调句型 who/that 不可随意省略； 5.区分：关系副词作状语；关系代词作主、宾语。 （时间：30分钟） 1、 单词拼写 1．Standing at the top of the tower, we caught sight of a river m________ (量度为，尺寸是) over 250 meters broad. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 2．He hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and e________ (最终) work for The Times. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 3．Thanks to the Rescue Team’s work, lots of people were able ________ (幸存) natural disasters. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 4．These new graduates have been ____(寻找) jobs for months. 5．There are several ________ (解决办法) to the problem, so we can think about them and choose the best one. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 2、 阅读理解 Hi, I’m Malee and I live in Thailand! The elephant is my favourite animal. I love elephants because they are strong and clever. They are also a symbol of good luck here. The elephant is our national animal. On 13 March, we celebrate Thai Elephant Day. Elephants look very different from other animals. They are huge. They have large ears and long trunks. They can pick up and carry heavy things with their trunks. Elephants are like us in some ways. They are very playful and love to play in the water. They are great swimmers. They are also clever. For example, they can remember one another and places with food and water after many years. Elephants are very kind too. They look after other elephants when they don’t feel well. The big elephants also help the baby ones. Elephants are an important part of Thai life and culture. However, they are in danger. They live in forests, but people cut down too many trees. People also kill elephants for their ivory. Let’s save the forests and not buy things made of ivory. Every elephant counts. 6．What can we learn about elephants’ appearance from the passage? A．They are small with short trunks. B．They have small ears and long trunks. C．They are huge with large ears and long trunks. D．They are thin with short ears. 7．What does Malee advise people to do to save elephants? A．Keep elephants as pets at home. B．Cut down more trees in the forest. C．Save the forests and not buy ivory products. D．Count the number of elephants every day. 8．What does the underlined sentence “Every elephant counts.” mean in the passage? A．We need to count the number of elephants every year. B．Each elephant has a unique number in Thailand. C．Elephants can count numbers as clever as humans. D．Every elephant is valuable and deserves protection. 9．Which detail about elephants is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．They have large ears and long trunks. B．They can remember places with food and water for years. C．They are able to talk with each other in their own language. D．They help baby elephants and look after sick ones. 3、 完形填空 Sharks have always attracted me. I am lucky enough to live close to the Great Barrier Reef, where there are beautiful sharks and places for 10 . Over many underwater trips, I got to know the sharks there and could 11 them easily. But one day I went in the water and couldn’t find my sharks anywhere. They had been 12 and killed in a legal shark fishery. I realized then that sharks were 13 and that I’d have to devote my life to 14 them. The first step was to make other people see them as I do. Sharks, 15 as cruel man-eaters, are killed, because of some 16 movies like Jaws and people’s lack of wild sightings. That led to my 17 — I wanted to make my own film that shows the true 18 of sharks: shy, fearful of people, and really they just want to be left alone. I spent a lot of my time collecting 19 of sharks during my many dives with them. I also focused my work on talking governments into 20 allowing legal shark fisheries. 21 by the desire for change, small wins and my 22 for sharks and nature, I try my best to make a 23 . I hope my film Shark Girl will inspire viewers to love sharks and help stop their 24 killing. 10．A．sharing B．fishing C．swimming D．walking 11．A．recognize B．weigh C．save D．cover 12．A．attracted B．caught C．delivered D．observed 13．A．in peace B．at hand C．in sight D．at risk 14．A．raising B．studying C．protecting D．checking 15．A．misunderstood B．served C．praised D．recommended 16．A．touching B．funny C．long D．frightening 17．A．experience B．comment C．regret D．decision 18．A．nature B．appearance C．hobby D．value 19．A．sounds B．foods C．videos D．weaknesses 20．A．considering B．advising C．keeping D．stopping 21．A．Tested B．Driven C．Moved D．Confused 22．A．love B．schedule C．requirement D．wish 23．A．choice B．difference C．promise D．request 24．A．informal B．sudden C．unnecessary D．limited 四、书面表达 25．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Xiao Yu joined the school’s “Nature Exploration Club” and went to the wetland park for a field trip. While observing water birds, she noticed a small bird with a broken wing hiding under a reed. It was trembling, and its feathers were covered with mud. Xiao Yu wanted to help it, but she didn’t know how to treat the bird without hurting it. She took out her mobile phone to search for relevant information, but the signal in the wetland was poor. Just then, she remembered the lecture given by the biology teacher — when helping wild animals, we should first observe their living habits and avoid scaring them. She sat quietly a few meters away from the bird, taking out the rice balls in her backpack. 注意：(1) 续写词数应为150左右；(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Xiao Yu crushed the rice balls into small pieces and sprinkled them gently near the bird. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With the help of the biology teacher, the little bird’s wing gradually recovered. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 外研版必修第一册Unit 5 Into the Wild（复习讲义) 复习要点 1.本单元围绕野生动物迁徙与自然保护主题，熟练掌握单元核心词汇、词形变化、固定短语和课文重点句型。 2.掌握关系副词 when、where、why 引导限制性定语从句的用法，能够读懂科普叙事类文章，理清文章信息。 3.学会描述自然现象、动物习性，能够运用所学句式表达对野生动物保护的看法。 复习重难点 重点：掌握单元高频词汇搭配，理解并学会使用关系副词 when /where/why 引导限制性定语从句，掌握课文重要句型、非限制性定语从句与强调句型。 难点：准确区分定语从句关系副词与关系代词；根据从句缺少成分正确选用引导词，写作中合理运用定语从句优化句式。 单元词汇 知识点1：migrate /maɪˈɡreɪt/ 【词性/释义】 v. 迁徙，移栖 【单词变形】 migration n. 迁徙 【固定搭配】 migrate to… 迁徙到…… 【例句】 These butterflies migrate south every winter. 这些蝴蝶每年冬天向南迁徙。 知识点2：seek /siːk/ 【词性/释义】 v. 寻找，寻求 【单词变形】 过去式 / 过去分词 sought 【固定搭配】 seek sth.；seek to do sth. 试图做某事 【例句】 Many animals seek warmer places in cold seasons. 许多动物在寒冷季节寻找温暖的地方。 知识点3：measure /ˈmeʒə/ 【词性/释义】 v. 测量；（尺寸、长度）为…… 【单词变形】 measurement n. 测量；尺寸 【固定搭配】 measure the distance 测量距离 表 “（某物）长宽为……” 无被动语态 【例句】 The tree measures over 20 metres. 这棵树高达 20 多米。 知识点4：determine /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/ 【词性/释义】 v. 测定；确定；下决心 【单词变形】 determined adj. 坚定的；determination n. 决心 【固定搭配】 be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事 【例句】 Scientists determined where the birds travel. 科学家测定出鸟类的迁徙路线。 知识点5：survive /səˈvaɪv/ 【词性/释义】 v. 幸存，活下来 【单词变形】 survival n. 生存；survivor n. 幸存者 【固定搭配】 survive from… 从…… 存活下来；survive the disaster 在灾难中幸存 【例句】 Only a few creatures can survive the cold winter. 只有少数生物能够熬过寒冬。 知识点6：destroy /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ 【词性/释义】 v. 摧毁，破坏 【单词变形】 destruction n. 破坏；destructive adj. 破坏性的 【例句】 Pollution destroys the natural home of wild animals. 污染破坏野生动物的栖息地。 知识点7：concentrate /ˈkɒnsntreɪt/ 【词性/释义】 v. 专注，专心 【单词变形】 concentration n. 注意力，专注 【固定搭配】 concentrate on sth./doing sth. 集中精力于 【例句】 Concentrate on watching how the animals behave. 专心观察动物的行为。 知识点8：freeze /friːz/ 【词性/释义】 v. 冻住；呆住，愣住 【单词变形】 过去式 froze；过去分词 frozen；adj. frozen 冰冻的 【例句】 He froze when he saw the huge eagle. 看到那只巨鹰，他一下子愣住了。 知识点9：stare /steə/ 【词性/释义】 v. 凝视，盯着看 【固定搭配】 stare at 盯着…… 辨析：glance at 瞥一眼 【例句】 Don’t stare at wild animals too closely. 不要近距离盯着野生动物看。 知识点10：capture /ˈkæptʃə/ 【词性/释义】 v. 捕捉；（照片、文字）记录、抓拍 【例句】 The photographer captured the moment of migration. 摄影师抓拍下来迁徙的瞬间。 知识点11：recover /rɪˈkʌvə/ 【词性/释义】 v.（从糟糕经历中）恢复，康复 【单词变形】 recovery n. 恢复，痊愈 【固定搭配】 recover from 从…… 中恢复 【例句】 It took a long time for nature to recover from the fire. 大自然花了很久才从火灾中恢复。 知识点12：found /faʊnd/ 【词性/释义】 v. 创建，创立 【单词变形】 过去式 / 过去分词 founded；foundation n. 基金会，基础 易混区分：find（找到），过去式 found 【例句】 The charity was founded to protect wildlife. 这家慈善机构创立目的是保护野生动物。 知识点13：migration /maɪˈɡreɪʃn/ 【词性/释义】 n. 迁徙 【固定搭配】 annual migration 一年一度的迁徙 【例句】 The migration of monarch butterflies is amazing. 黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙十分壮观。 知识点14：position /pəˈzɪʃn/ 【词性/释义】 n. 位置；处境 【固定搭配】 in a good position 处于有利位置 【例句】 Scientists recorded each butterfly’s position. 科学家记录每一只蝴蝶所处的位置。 知识点15：solution /səˈluːʃn/ 【词性/释义】 n. 解决方法 【固定搭配】 a solution to …… 的解决办法（介词只用 to） 【例句】 We need to find a solution to protect wild creatures. 我们需要找到保护野生动物的解决办法。 知识点16：mystery /ˈmɪstri/ 【词性/释义】 n. 谜；难以理解的事物 【固定搭配】 solve the mystery 解开谜团 【例句】 Where they go in winter remains a mystery. 它们冬天去往何处依旧是个谜。 知识点17：variety /vəˈraɪəti/ 【词性/释义】 n. 多样化，变化 【单词变形】 various adj. 各种各样的 【固定搭配】 a variety of = varieties of 各种各样的 【例句】 A variety of birds pass through the area. 各种各样的鸟类途经这片区域。 知识点18：creature /ˈkriːtʃə/ 【词性/释义】 n. 生物，动物（泛指一切生物） 【例句】 All living creatures need food and water. 所有生物都需要食物和水。 知识点19：effect /ɪˈfekt/ 【词性/释义】 n. 影响，结果 【固定搭配】 have an effect on 对…… 产生影响 辨析：affect v. 影响 【例句】 Chemicals have a bad effect on insects. 化学品对昆虫有不良影响。 知识点20：reaction /riˈækʃn/ 【词性/释义】 n. 反应 【固定搭配】 reaction to 对…… 的反应 【例句】 What’s the animal’s reaction to noise? 这只动物对噪音有什么反应？ 知识点21：source /sɔːs/ 【词性/释义】 n. 来源，出处；源头 【例句】 The river is an important source of water for wildlife. 这条河是野生动物重要水源。 知识点22：shock /ʃɒk/ 【词性/释义】 n. 震惊，吃惊 v. 使震惊 【单词变形】 shocked adj.（人）感到震惊的；shocking adj. 令人震惊的 【例句】 It was a shock to see so many butterflies disappear. 看到大量蝴蝶消失令人震惊。 【易混总结】 单词 / 短语 正确用法 错误写法 / 用法 易错总结 seek 过去式、过去分词 sought seeked 不规则动词变形，不能直接加 - ed measure The tree measures 10 metres.（表物体长宽，无被动） The tree is measured 10 metres. measure 描述物体尺寸时，主动形式表被动含义，不用于被动语态 determine be determined to do sth. determine to doing sth. 固定搭配后接不定式 to do；determined 为形容词 “下定决心的” survive survive the storm（直接接灾难作宾语） survive from the storm survive 表示 “从灾难中幸存”，及物动词，不加 from found found v. 创立；过去分词 foundedfind v. 找到；过去式 found 混淆两个单词变形 found（创立）≠ found（find 过去式） concentrate concentrate on sth./doing sth. concentrate to do sth. 介词固定搭配 on freeze 过去式 froze；过去分词 frozen freezed 不规则变化，注意区分 frozen（adj. 冰冻的） solution a solution to the problem a solution of the problem 表示 “…… 的解决办法” 介词只用 to variety a variety of = varieties of（各种各样） a variety of + 单数名词 后接可数名词复数 effect have an effect on sth. have effect in sth. effect 名词；affect 动词，不要混用；固定搭配介词 on reaction reaction to sth. reaction of sth. 表达 “对…… 的反应” 介词用 to recover recover from illness recover illness 表示 “从…… 恢复” 必须搭配 from annual annual meeting 一年一度的会议 annual-ly（错误副词形式） 本身是形容词，副词 annually per cent 30 per cent（分开书写） 30 percent（美式可连写，课本用分开形式） 课本规范写法分开 per cent after all 单独使用，置于句首 / 句末 after all of 固定短语，不要随意添加 of 单元句型 1. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 用法：allow 后接不定式作宾补，不能用 allow sb. doing； 被动结构：sb. be allowed to do sth. 原句：These two pieces of information allow the butterfly to determine the way to go. 例句：The bright sunlight allows birds to find food easily. 仿写：Good sleep allows us to study better. （充足的睡眠让我们更好地学习。） 2. manage to do sth. 设法成功做成某事 用法：强调经过努力最终成功；区别 try to do（尽力做，不一定成功） 原句：Eventually, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter. 例句：They managed to protect these rare butterflies. 仿写：We managed to finish the wildlife survey before dark. （我们设法在天黑前完成野生动物调查。） 附带语法：where 引导限制性定语从句 先行词是地点名词，where 在从句中充当地点状语； 句式：地点名词 + where + 完整句子 仿句：This is the forest where many birds spend the winter. 3. brave the elements 冒着恶劣天气 用法：固定习语；the elements 特指风雨等恶劣天气 原句：As a nature photographer, I have to brave the elements. 例句：Many scientists braved the elements to study wild creatures. 仿写：The photographers braved the elements to take photos of eagles. （摄影师冒着恶劣天气拍摄雄鹰。） 4. be famous for /be best known for 因…… 闻名 用法：for 后面接出名的原因； 辨析：be famous as 作为某种身份而出名 原句：Yellowstone is famous for the variety of its wildlife, but it is probably best known for its bears. 例句：This area is famous for its migrating birds. 仿写：The lake is best known for beautiful wild swans. （这片湖泊因美丽的野生天鹅闻名。） 5. concentrate on (doing) sth. 集中精力于（做）某事 用法：on是介词，后面接名词或者动名词 doing 原句：While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene... 例句：You need to concentrate on observing animal behaviour. 仿写：He concentrated on recording the butterfly’s migration. （他专心记录蝴蝶的迁徙。） 6. from time to time 时不时，偶尔 同义：now and then 原句：From time to time I look at the photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals. 例句：From time to time, we go to the park to watch wild birds. 仿写：From time to time, she reads articles about wildlife protection. （她偶尔阅读有关野生动物保护的文章。） 7. after all 毕竟，终究 用法：常用于句首或句末，用来补充、解释理由 原句：After all, we are the visitors to their world. 例句：Don’t be angry with the animal. After all, it is just protecting itself. 仿写：You should be patient. After all, wild animals are afraid of humans. （你应当有耐心，毕竟野生动物害怕人类。） 8. It is … who… 强调句型 用法：强调人用 who；强调事物用 that；去掉 It is…who/that，句子依然完整。 原句：It is we who are the visitors to their world. 例句：It is humans who are destroying wildlife’s home. 仿写：It is everyone who should protect the natural environment. （每个人都应当保护自然环境。） 9. which 引导非限制性定语从句 用法：逗号隔开，which指代前面整件事 / 前面名词；不能用that 原句：An eagle flew over the snow-capped mountains, which were reflected in the still lake below. 例句：The river, which runs through the park, provides water for animals. 仿写：I took a photo of the butterfly, which became my favourite picture. （我拍下了这只蝴蝶，这成了我最喜欢的照片。） 10. while 引导时间状语从句 用法：while 引导进行时态，强调动作持续进行 原句：While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched. 例句：While he was watching the whale, he heard a strange sound. 仿写：While she was walking in the forest, she met a small deer. （当她在林中行走时，遇见了一只小鹿。） 单元语法：限制性定语从句、时间状语从句 一、核心语法：关系副词 when /where/why 引导限制性定语从句 1. 功能 关系副词具备双重作用： ① 连接主句与定语从句； ② 在定语从句内部充当状语（时间 / 地点 / 原因状语）。 2. 分类用法 where 先行词为地点名词，where 在从句作地点状语。 课文例句：the places where it will spend the winter when 先行词为时间名词，when 在从句作时间状语。 例：I still remember the day when we watched migration. why 先行词一般是 reason，why 在从句作原因状语。 例：Tell me the reason why many creatures migrate. 关键区分 如果定语从句缺少主语或宾语，不能用关系副词，改用关系代词 that /which/who。 二、课文出现拓展语法 1. which引导非限制性定语从句 逗号隔开，which 指代前面名词或整件事情；不能使用 that。 课文例句：An eagle flew over the snow-capped mountains, which were reflected in the still lake below. 2. while 引导时间状语从句 常搭配进行时态，强调动作持续进行。 课文例句：While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene… 3. that 引导宾语从句 / 同位含义从句 课文：had a feeling that I was being watched 4. 强调句型：It is/was + 被强调部分 + who/that… 强调人用 who；强调事物用 that；去掉框架，句子依然完整。 课文例句：It is we who are the visitors to their world. 5. 被动语态（过去进行时被动） was/were being done 过去正在被…… 例句：I was being watched. 易错提醒 1.where ≠ in which，只有先行词表地点、从句缺地点状语才可用 where； 2.非限制性定语从句只能用 which，不能用 that； 3.while 引导从句，主从句延续性动作常用进行时； 4.强调句型 who/that 不可随意省略； 5.区分：关系副词作状语；关系代词作主、宾语。 （时间：30分钟） 1、 单词拼写 1．Standing at the top of the tower, we caught sight of a river m________ (量度为，尺寸是) over 250 meters broad. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】measuring/easuring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：站在塔顶，我们看到一条宽度超过250米的河流。根据汉语提示“量度为，尺寸是”及首字母m可知，此处用动词measure，river与measure为逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填measuring。 2．He hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and e________ (最终) work for The Times. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】eventually/ventually 【详解】考查副词。句意：他希望在当地报社找到一份工作，最终为《泰晤士报》工作。根据汉语提示“最终”及首字母e可知，此处用副词eventually，修饰动词work，在句中作状语。故填eventually。 3．Thanks to the Rescue Team’s work, lots of people were able ________ (幸存) natural disasters. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】to survive 【详解】考查动词。句意：多亏了救援队的工作，许多人得以在自然灾害中幸存下来。表达“幸存”用动词survive，be able to do“能够做……”是固定搭配，因此survive用不定式。故填to survive。 4．These new graduates have been ____(寻找) jobs for months. 【答案】seeking 【详解】句意：这些应届毕业生几个月来一直在找工作。have been表明此处为现在完成进行时，“寻找”为seek，所填现在分词seeking。 5．There are several ________ (解决办法) to the problem, so we can think about them and choose the best one. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】solutions 【详解】句意：这个问题有几种解决办法，所以我们可以考虑一下，选择最好的一个。空处在句中充当主语，根据中文提示“解决办法”以及空前有“several”可知，此处应填solution的复数形式。 2、 阅读理解 Hi, I’m Malee and I live in Thailand! The elephant is my favourite animal. I love elephants because they are strong and clever. They are also a symbol of good luck here. The elephant is our national animal. On 13 March, we celebrate Thai Elephant Day. Elephants look very different from other animals. They are huge. They have large ears and long trunks. They can pick up and carry heavy things with their trunks. Elephants are like us in some ways. They are very playful and love to play in the water. They are great swimmers. They are also clever. For example, they can remember one another and places with food and water after many years. Elephants are very kind too. They look after other elephants when they don’t feel well. The big elephants also help the baby ones. Elephants are an important part of Thai life and culture. However, they are in danger. They live in forests, but people cut down too many trees. People also kill elephants for their ivory. Let’s save the forests and not buy things made of ivory. Every elephant counts. 6．What can we learn about elephants’ appearance from the passage? A．They are small with short trunks. B．They have small ears and long trunks. C．They are huge with large ears and long trunks. D．They are thin with short ears. 7．What does Malee advise people to do to save elephants? A．Keep elephants as pets at home. B．Cut down more trees in the forest. C．Save the forests and not buy ivory products. D．Count the number of elephants every day. 8．What does the underlined sentence “Every elephant counts.” mean in the passage? A．We need to count the number of elephants every year. B．Each elephant has a unique number in Thailand. C．Elephants can count numbers as clever as humans. D．Every elephant is valuable and deserves protection. 9．Which detail about elephants is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．They have large ears and long trunks. B．They can remember places with food and water for years. C．They are able to talk with each other in their own language. D．They help baby elephants and look after sick ones. 【答案】6．C 7．C 8．D 9．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了泰国的大象，包括其外貌特征、生活习性、在泰国文化中的地位以及面临的生存危机，并呼吁人们保护大象。 【详解】6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Elephants look very different from other animals. They are huge. They have large ears and long trunks.(大象看起来与其他动物非常不同。它们体型庞大。它们有大耳朵和长鼻子)”可知，大象体型庞大，有大耳朵和长鼻子。故选C项。 7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Let’s save the forests and not buy things made of ivory.(让我们拯救森林，不要买象牙制品)”可知，Malee建议人们拯救森林，不要买象牙制品来保护大象。故选C项。 8．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“However, they are in danger. They live in forests, but people cut down too many trees. People also kill elephants for their ivory. Let’s save the forests and not buy things made of ivory.(然而，它们处于危险之中。它们生活在森林里，但人们砍伐了太多的树木。人们还为了象牙而杀死大象.让我们拯救森林，不要买象牙制品)”可知，句子所在的段落阐述了保护大象的紧迫性和具体行动，因此“Every elephant counts.”意为“每一头大象都很重要，都值得保护”。故选D项。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“They have large ears and long trunks.(它们有大耳朵和长鼻子)”、第四段中“For example, they can remember one another and places with food and water after many years.(例如，多年后它们仍能记住彼此以及有食物和水的地方)”以及“They look after other elephants when they don’t feel well. The big elephants also help the baby ones.(当其他大象感觉不舒服时，它们会照顾它们。成年大象也帮助小象)”可知，文章提到了大象有大耳朵和长鼻子、多年后仍能记住有食物和水的地方以及大象会照顾生病的大象和帮助小象，但没有提到“大象能够用它们自己的语言互相交谈”。故选C项。 3、 完形填空 Sharks have always attracted me. I am lucky enough to live close to the Great Barrier Reef, where there are beautiful sharks and places for 10 . Over many underwater trips, I got to know the sharks there and could 11 them easily. But one day I went in the water and couldn’t find my sharks anywhere. They had been 12 and killed in a legal shark fishery. I realized then that sharks were 13 and that I’d have to devote my life to 14 them. The first step was to make other people see them as I do. Sharks, 15 as cruel man-eaters, are killed, because of some 16 movies like Jaws and people’s lack of wild sightings. That led to my 17 — I wanted to make my own film that shows the true 18 of sharks: shy, fearful of people, and really they just want to be left alone. I spent a lot of my time collecting 19 of sharks during my many dives with them. I also focused my work on talking governments into 20 allowing legal shark fisheries. 21 by the desire for change, small wins and my 22 for sharks and nature, I try my best to make a 23 . I hope my film Shark Girl will inspire viewers to love sharks and help stop their 24 killing. 10．A．sharing B．fishing C．swimming D．walking 11．A．recognize B．weigh C．save D．cover 12．A．attracted B．caught C．delivered D．observed 13．A．in peace B．at hand C．in sight D．at risk 14．A．raising B．studying C．protecting D．checking 15．A．misunderstood B．served C．praised D．recommended 16．A．touching B．funny C．long D．frightening 17．A．experience B．comment C．regret D．decision 18．A．nature B．appearance C．hobby D．value 19．A．sounds B．foods C．videos D．weaknesses 20．A．considering B．advising C．keeping D．stopping 21．A．Tested B．Driven C．Moved D．Confused 22．A．love B．schedule C．requirement D．wish 23．A．choice B．difference C．promise D．request 24．A．informal B．sudden C．unnecessary D．limited 【答案】 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．A 16．D 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．D 21．B 22．A 23．B 24．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者居住在大堡礁附近，热爱并了解鲨鱼，却目睹鲨鱼因合法捕捞而消失，由此决心通过制作电影、游说政府等方式保护鲨鱼，改变人们对鲨鱼的误解，阻止不必要的捕杀。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运住在大堡礁附近，那里有美丽的鲨鱼和游泳的地方。A. sharing分享；B. fishing钓鱼；C. swimming游泳；D. walking散步。根据后文“Over many underwater trips, ”可知，此处指适合游泳的地方，故选C。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过多次水下旅行，我了解了那里的鲨鱼，能轻易认出它们。A. recognize认出；B. weigh称重；C. save拯救；D. cover覆盖。根据前文 “got to know the sharks”可知，作者了解了那里的鲨鱼，能认出它们，故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们在合法的鲨鱼渔场被捕获并杀害。A. attracted吸引；B. caught捕获；C. delivered递送；D. observed观察。根据后文“killed”可知，此处表示鲨鱼先被捕获，再被杀害。故选B。 13．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：那时我意识到鲨鱼处于危险之中，我必须奉献一生来保护它们。A. in peace和平地；B. at hand在手边；C. in sight看得见；D. at risk处于危险中。根据前文“They had been ____ and killed in a legal shark fishery”可知，鲨鱼被大量捕杀，处境危险，故选D。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时我意识到鲨鱼处于危险之中，我必须奉献一生来保护它们。A. raising饲养；B. studying研究；C. protecting保护；D. checking检查。根据前文“They had been ____ and killed in a legal shark fishery”可知，作者目睹鲨鱼被杀，决心保护它们，故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲨鱼被误解为残忍的食人者，因为像《大白鲨》这样的恐怖电影和人们缺乏野外目击，鲨鱼被杀害。A. misunderstood误解；B. served服务；C. praised赞扬；D. recommended推荐。根据后文“cruel man-eaters”及“shy, fearful of people, and really they just want to be left alone”可知，作者想展现鲨鱼真实一面，说明这是对鲨鱼的误解，故选A。 16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. touching感人的；B. funny有趣的；C. long长的；D. frightening令人恐惧的。根据后文“movies like Jaws”可知，《大白鲨》是恐怖电影，让人们害怕鲨鱼，故选D。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这促使我做出决定——我想制作自己的电影，展现鲨鱼真实的本性：害羞、害怕人类，只想不被打扰。A. experience经历；B. comment评论；C. regret遗憾；D. decision决定。根据后文“I wanted to make my own film”可知，作者决定拍电影改变人们的看法，故选D。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. nature本性；B. appearance外貌；C. hobby爱好；D. value价值。根据后文“shy, fearful of people, and really they just want to be left alone”可知，这是鲨鱼的真实性格，即本性，故选A。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在多次与鲨鱼同潜时，我花了很多时间收集鲨鱼的视频。A. sounds声音；B. foods食物；C. videos视频；D. weaknesses弱点。根据前文“I wanted to make my own film”可知，作者要制作电影，需要收集视频素材，故选C。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还专注于游说政府停止允许合法的鲨鱼渔场。A. considering考虑；B. advising建议；C. keeping保持；D. stopping停止。根据前文“I’d have to devote my life to ____ them.”可知，作者要保护鲨鱼，希望政府禁止合法捕捞，故选D。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在改变现状的渴望、微小的胜利以及我对鲨鱼和自然的热爱驱使下，我尽最大努力带来改变。A. Tested测试；B. Driven驱使；C. Moved感动；D. Confused困惑。根据后文“by the desire for change”可知，作者渴望改变鲨鱼的现状，“driven by”表示“被……驱使”，符合语境，故选B。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. love热爱；B. schedule日程；C. requirement要求；D. wish愿望。根据前文“I’d have to devote my life to ____ them.”及后文“for sharks and nature”可知，作者保护鲨鱼源于对它们的热爱，故选A。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. choice选择；B. difference不同；C. promise承诺；D. request要求。根据前文“I wanted to make my own film”及“I also focused my work on talking governments”可知，作者制作视频，游说政府，希望改变鲨鱼的现状。“make a difference” 意为“产生影响，带来改变”，故选B。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的电影《鲨鱼女孩》能激励观众热爱鲨鱼，帮助阻止对它们不必要的捕杀。A. informal非正式的；B. sudden突然的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. limited有限的。根据前文“Sharks, ____ as cruel man-eaters, are killed”可知，作者认为鲨鱼并非残忍的食人者，对它们的捕杀是不必要的，故选C。 四、书面表达 25．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Xiao Yu joined the school’s “Nature Exploration Club” and went to the wetland park for a field trip. While observing water birds, she noticed a small bird with a broken wing hiding under a reed. It was trembling, and its feathers were covered with mud. Xiao Yu wanted to help it, but she didn’t know how to treat the bird without hurting it. She took out her mobile phone to search for relevant information, but the signal in the wetland was poor. Just then, she remembered the lecture given by the biology teacher — when helping wild animals, we should first observe their living habits and avoid scaring them. She sat quietly a few meters away from the bird, taking out the rice balls in her backpack. 注意：(1) 续写词数应为150左右；(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Xiao Yu crushed the rice balls into small pieces and sprinkled them gently near the bird. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With the help of the biology teacher, the little bird’s wing gradually recovered. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Xiao Yu crushed the rice balls into small pieces and sprinkled them gently near the bird. She called her biology teacher at once, telling him what she had found. The teacher, who had rich experience in animal rescue, advised her to keep still and not to touch the bird, as sudden moves would scare it. He also said that she could cover the bird with a clean cloth to keep it warm. Following the advice, Xiao Yu did as told, and soon the bird stopped trembling and began to peck at the rice crumbs. With the help of the biology teacher, the little bird’s wing gradually recovered. The teacher brought professional bandages and cleaned the bird’s wound carefully. He explained to Xiao Yu that the wing was just slightly broken and would heal well with proper care. Every day, Xiao Yu came to feed the bird and change its bandage. After a month, the bird could fly again. Watching it fly into the sky, Xiao Yu understood that helping animals needs both kindness and scientific methods. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。小宇参加学校“自然探索俱乐部”去湿地公园野外考察，她发现一只翅膀受伤、躲在芦苇下且羽毛沾满泥的小鸟，想帮忙却不知如何做，她想起老师的话后安静坐在不远处并拿出背包里的饭团。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“小宇把饭团揉成小块，轻轻地撒在鸟的旁边。”可知，第一段可以描写小宇在发现受伤小鸟后，立即联系生物老师寻求帮助，老师给出专业的建议，小宇按照建议操作，并观察到小鸟逐渐平静下来开始进食的情景。 ②由第二段句首内容“在生物老师的帮助下，小鸟的翅膀逐渐恢复了。”可知，第二段可以描写在生物老师的帮助下，小鸟的翅膀逐渐恢复的过程，包括老师带来的专业治疗，小宇每天的悉心照料，以及最终小鸟康复飞翔，小宇从中领悟到帮助动物需要爱心与科学方法相结合的道理。 2.续写线索：发现受伤小鸟——小心投喂并联系生物老师——遵循专业建议照料小鸟——生物老师专业处理小鸟伤口并说明伤情——持续精心照料小鸟——领悟救助真谛 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①给某人打电话：call sb./ make a phone call to sb. ②告诉：tell/inform ③保持不动：keep still/stay motionless 情绪类 ①使害怕：scare/frighten ②善良：kindness/goodness 【点睛】【高分句型1】She called her biology teacher at once, telling him what she had found.  (运用了what引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】The teacher, who had rich experience in animal rescue, advised her to keep still and not to touch the bird, as sudden moves would scare it. (运用了who引导的定语从句、as引导的原因状语从句) 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $