内容正文:
2027年高考二轮必记核心语料
第一板块 单词变形系统记忆
模块 1 形容词、名词互变核心词缀
一、表属性 / 特征后缀 - y
1.名词化变形
基础形容词加 y 生成抽象名词,分四类变化规则
常规直加:difficulty, honesty, recovery, discovery
词尾 ce/t 换 ty:safety, certainty, cruelty, loyalty
词根变形:anxious→anxiety;vary→variety;brave→bravery
2.形容词化变形
名词后加 y 描述人、天气、地貌特征
人物特质:lucky, wealthy, sleepy, thirsty;特殊变形 angry, hungry
食材口感:juicy, tasty;地貌 muddy, noisy
天气气象:rainy, snowy, windy;sunny, foggy, icy
二、-ity 抽象名词后缀(描述性质、群体)
基础规则:形容词直接后缀 majority, similarity, nationality
e 结尾去 e:activity, purity, diversity, security
ble 结尾换 ability 类词根:ability, possibility, stability
特殊不规则:curiosity, generosity, prosperity, necessity
三、-cy 抽象后缀(表状态、效率)
accurate→accuracy;urgent→urgency;frequent→frequency;fluent→fluency
四、-ance /-ence 行为类名词;-ant /-ent 对应形容词
ance 系列:appearance, performance, assistance, disappearance
ence 系列:reference, preference, existence;occur→occurrence(双写)
成对转换(形容词↔名词)
distant-distance;confident-confidence;independent-independence;patient-patience
五、-ion 动作名词大体系
t/s 结尾动词直加:discussion, collection, impression
te 结尾去 e 加 tion:graduation, donation, communication
ation 拓展类:adaptation, preparation, imagination
特殊改写:apply→application;satisfy→satisfaction;explain→explanation
六、-al 后缀两类用法
动词变名词(去 e):arrival, survival, refusal
名词变形容词:national, traditional, natural, financial;特殊 benefit→beneficial
七、高频形容词词缀
-able /-ible 可…… 类:reliable, accessible, terrible, sensible
-ive 有…… 特质:active, attractive, creative, persuasive
-ous 充满……:dangerous, mysterious, continuous
-ful 富有……;-less 无……:meaningful, hopeful /useless, homeless
-ic 特质类:energetic, realistic, enthusiastic
八、名词后缀(人物 / 事物 / 抽象)
-ment:achievement, development, equipment(唯一例外 argue→argument)
-ness(y 变 i):happiness, loneliness, weakness
-th(尺寸、状态):length, width, truth, youth, death
人物后缀:-er worker;-or inventor;-ant assistant;-ist artist;-ian musician
九、动词转化词缀
-en 使…… 变:widen, strengthen, brighten, weaken
-ize 使…… 化:modernize, apologize, popularize
-ify 使成为:simplify, beautify, clarify
十、否定前缀
im-/in-/ir-/il-:impossible, irregular, illegal
un-:unfair, unforgettable, unwilling
dis-:disappear, dishonest
mis-:misunderstand
-less:无…… harmless, fearless
模块 2 前后缀拓展(合成词简化记忆)
1. 表时间 / 次序前缀
pre - 预先:predict, preview
re - 重新、返回:rebuild, recall, reunion
post - 后置:postgraduate, postwar
fore - 提前:foresee, forecast
2. 方位前缀
sub - 下方:subway
over - 超过:overcome, overweight
super - 超级:supermarket
inter - 相互:international
trans - 跨越:transport
3. 联合 / 共生前缀
co - 合作:cooperate
com - 共同:combine
con - 集中:concentrate
4. 专业主题前缀
bio - 生物 biology;eco - 生态 eco-friendly;tele - 远程 telephone;auto - 自动 automatic
5. 高频合成词分类
合成名词
standpoint 观点;drawback 弊端;takeaway 外卖;sunrise 日出;website 网站
合成动词
skyrocket 暴涨;sleepwalk 梦游;uplift 振奋;overhear 无意间听到
合成形容词
heartbroken 心碎的;easygoing 随和;world-class 一流;time-consuming 耗时;breathtaking 绝美
模块 3 动词短语分类记忆
1. up 短语四层含义
①向上、升起:pick up 捡起,speed up 提速,stand up 起身
②耗尽、收尾:burn up 烧尽,use up 用光
③拆开、分裂:break up 拆散,cut up 切碎
④聚拢、建立:set up 创立,gather up 聚集
补充情感类:cheer up 振作,warm up 热身
2. down 短语
①向下降落:fall down 跌倒,sit down 坐下
②减弱变少:calm down 冷静,die down 平息
③贬低、结束:let down 让人失望,close down 停业
3. off 短语
①脱离、离开:take off 起飞 / 脱衣,go off 响起
②切断、停止:turn off 关闭,cut off 中断
③清除:kill off 根除
4. on 短语
①依靠、依托:rely on,be based on
②持续推进:carry on,go on
③聚焦:focus on,reflect on 反思
5. out 短语
①向外显露:come out 开花 / 发布,point out 指出
②耗尽灭绝:die out 灭绝,run out 用完
③执行落实:carry out 实施
6. over 短语
①翻越、恢复:get over 克服伤痛
②仔细审阅:go over 复盘,look over 浏览
③接管:take over 接手
7. through 短语
①穿过、熬过:pull through 渡过难关,break through 突破
②通读:look through 翻阅
8. apart 拆分类
tear apart 撕碎;fall apart 崩溃;set apart 区分
模块 4 不规则动词变形
AAA(原形 / 过去式 / 过去分词一致)
cut, put, set, hit, hurt, spread, read
ABA(原形与分词相同)
come-came-come;run-ran-run;become-became-become
ABB(过去式分词同形)
bent, built, lent, sent, spent, lost, felt, caught, brought, bought, stood, told
ABC(三形完全不同)
begin-began-begun;drink-drank-drunk;swim-swam-swum;break-broke-broken;write-wrote-written;ride-rode-ridden
双写尾字母变形(重读闭音节)
chat-chatted;prefer-preferred;drop-dropped;plan-planned;equip-equipped
第二板块 一词多义 & 熟词生义
高频核心词拓展(读后续写高频)
address
熟义:n. 地址;生义 v. 发言、处理难题
例:The teacher addressed our anxiety about exams.
老师化解了我们对考试的焦虑。
charge
熟义:收费;生义 v. 冲向、充电;n. 职责
cover
熟义:覆盖;生义 走完路程、支付开销、采访报道
decline
熟义下降;生义 v. 婉言拒绝
deliver
熟义递送;生义 发表演说、接生、兑现承诺
escape
熟义逃跑;生义 (名字)一时想不起来
figure
熟义数字;生义 人物、弄明白
hit
熟义击打;生义 突然想到、席卷(灾难)
hold
熟义握住;生义 容纳、持有观点、举办
reserve
熟义预订;生义 n. 涵养、保护区
高频熟词生义短句(续写情绪 / 场景专用)
adapt v. 改编故事,而非仅 “适应”
The story was adapted for short writing tasks.
这个故事被改编成短篇写作素材。
air v. 倾诉内心想法
She aired all her worries to her closest friend.
她向挚友倾诉所有烦恼。
average adj. 普通,平淡(非平均)
He was just an average student but full of persistence.
他只是普通学生,却十分有毅力。
badly adv. 极度,非常(非坏地)
I badly wanted to apologize to her.
我迫切想向她道歉。
build n. 身材(动词建,名词体型)
He has a thin, slight build.
他身形单薄。
course n. 一道菜、航线(课程为基础义)
drive n. 干劲;v. 迫使(drive sb. crazy 逼疯某人)
gift n. 天赋(礼物基础义)
head v. 前往(名词头)
We headed toward the quiet lake at dusk.
黄昏我们走向静谧的湖畔。
stand v. 忍受;n. 小摊
第三板块 读后续写专属加分句型
一、非谓语作状语(画面分层首选)
现在分词同步动作
Wandering along the lakeside, she breathed fresh air, feeling peaceful inside.
漫步湖畔,她呼吸新鲜空气,内心十分安宁。
Having done 先发生动作
Having finished all chores, she sat down to read a novel.
做完所有家务,她坐下来读小说。
过去分词表被动
Moved by his sincere words, she wiped away her tears.
被他真挚的话语打动,她拭去泪水。
二、形容词前置状语(快速烘托情绪)
Tired yet hopeful, she kept moving forward along the path.
疲惫却满怀希望,她沿着小路不断前行。
三、with 复合结构(神态、环境万能)
With tears shining in her eyes, she gave me a warm embrace.
眼中泪光闪闪,她给了我一个温暖的拥抱。
四、独立主格(分层画面,提升文采)
The wind blowing softly, we enjoyed the quiet sunset.
微风轻拂,我们静静欣赏落日。
五、强调句(结尾升华专用)
It was his constant encouragement that helped me walk out of self-doubt.
正是他不断的鼓励,让我走出自我怀疑。
六、倒装句式(情绪放大)
So excited was she that she could hardly fall asleep that night.
她太过兴奋,当晚几乎无法入眠。
七、虚拟语气(反思、遗憾结尾)
Without his timely help, I would have been trapped in trouble.
倘若没有他及时援手,我早已陷入困境。
第四板块 续写场景描写万能金句
1.人物头部、面部描写
他眉头紧锁,眼底满是焦虑。
He knitted his brows, anxiety filling his eyes.
一抹惊喜浮现在她脸颊。
A flash of surprise spread across her cheeks.
泪水不受控制地滑落。
Tears slid down her cheeks without control.
2.手部、肢体动作
她紧紧攥住那张写满字迹的纸条。
She clutched the note covered with words tightly.
他轻轻拍了拍我的后背以示安慰。
He patted my back gently to comfort me.
3.心理情绪短句
喜悦
A wave of delight swept over me. 一阵喜悦涌上心头。
愧疚
I was overwhelmed by a strong sense of regret. 满心愧疚席卷了我。
紧张
My heart beat wildly out of nervousness. 紧张让我的心跳剧烈。
释然
A sense of relief flooded my mind. 一股释然涌上脑海。
4.自然环境短句(情景交融适配)
柔和的晚霞铺满整片湖面。
Soft sunset glow covered the whole lake surface.
晚风轻轻穿过林间,带来草木清香。
Night wind drifted through woods, carrying the scent of plants.
零星星光在夜空静静闪烁。
Little stars twinkled silently in the night sky.
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