Unit 10 You're supposed to shake hands 单元基础知识梳理 人教版九年级英语下册

本初中英语讲义围绕Unit 10 "You're supposed to shake hands"，系统梳理礼仪相关词汇（如bow, greet, shake hands）、词形变换（如relax→relaxed/relaxing）、核心句型（be supposed to do sth.）及语法（It + adj. + to do sth.），构建从基础词汇到语言应用的学习支架，助力学生逐步掌握跨文化交际表达。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，通过对比be supposed to与be expected to的用法、作文示例指导回复交换生邮件介绍中国餐桌礼仪，提升跨文化沟通能力。同时以构词法规律（如value→valuable）强化学习能力，课中辅助教师系统授课，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，巩固语言知识与应用技能。

Unit 10 You're supposed to shake hands 单元基础知识梳理 词汇 bow /baʊ/ v. & n. 鞠躬 kiss /kɪs/ v. & n. 亲吻；接吻 greet /ɡriːt/ v. 和……打招呼；迎接 relaxed /rɪˈlækst/ adj. 放松的；自在的 value /ˈvæljuː/ v. 重视；珍视 n. 价值 drop by 顺便访问 capital /ˈkæpɪtl/ n. 首都；国都 after all 毕竟；终归 noon /nuːn/ n. 正午；中午 mad /mæd/ adj. 很生气；疯的 get mad 大动肝火；气愤 effort /ˈefə(r)t/ n. 努力；尽力 make an effort 作出努力 passport /ˈpɑːspɔːt/ /ˈpæspɔːrt/ n. 护照 clean…off 把……擦掉 chalk /tʃɔːk/ n. 粉笔 blackboard /ˈblækbɔː(r)d/ n. 黑板 northern /ˈnɔː(r)ðə(r)n/ adj. 北方的；北部的 coast /kəʊst/ n. 海岸；海滨 season /ˈsiːzn/ n. 季；季节 knock /nɒk/ /nɑːk/ v. 敲；击 n. 敲击声；敲击 eastern /ˈiːstə(r)n/ adj. 东方的；东部的 take off 脱下(衣服)；(飞机等)起飞 worth /wɜː(r)θ/ adj. 值得；有……价值(的) manner /ˈmænə(r)/ n. 方式；方法；(pl.) 礼貌；礼仪 empty /ˈempti/ adj. 空的；空洞的 basic /ˈbeɪsɪk/ adj. 基本的；基础的 exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ n. & v. 交换 go out of one’s way 特地；格外努力 make…feel at home 使(某人)感到宾至如归 teenage /ˈtiːneɪdʒ/ adj. 十几岁的；青少年的 granddaughter /ˈɡrændɔːtə(r)/ n. (外)孙女 behave /bɪˈheɪv/ v. 表现；举止 except /ɪkˈsept/ prep. 除……之外 conj. 除了；只是 elbow /ˈelbəʊ/ n. 肘；胳膊 gradually /ˈɡrædʒuəli/ adv. 逐步地；渐进地 get used to 习惯于 suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/ n. 建议 词形变换 1. relax (v. 放松；休息) - - -ed（形容词后缀）→ relaxed (adj. 放松的；自在的) - - -ing（形容词后缀）→ relaxing (adj. 轻松的；令人放松的) 2. value (n. 价值) 去e + -able（形容词后缀）→ valuable (adj. 贵重的；很有用的) 3. north (n. 北；北方) + -ern（形容词后缀）→ northern (adj. 北方的；北部的) 4. east (n. 东；东方) + -ern（形容词后缀）→ eastern (adj. 东方的；东部的) 5. ex- (名词/动词前缀) + change (n. & v. 改变；变化) → exchange (n. & v. 交换) 6. teenage (adj. 十几岁的；青少年的) + -(e)r（名词后缀）→ teenager (n. 青少年) 7. gradual (adj. 逐步的；渐进的) + -ly（副词后缀）→ gradually (adv. 逐步地；渐进地) 8. suggest (v. 建议；提议) + -ion（名词后缀）→ suggestion (n. 建议) 常考句子 1. In the United States, they’re expected to shake hands. 在美国，他们应该握手。 2. In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time. 在瑞士，守时是非常重要的。 3. —What are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time? 你初次与某人见面时应该做什么？ —You’re supposed to shake hands. You’re not supposed to kiss. 你应该握手。你不应该亲吻(对方)。 4. I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to it. 不得不说，我发现记住所有的礼仪很困难，但是我正在逐渐习惯这一切。 短语归纳 1. for the first time 首次；初次 2. shake hands (with sb.) （与某人）握手 3. how about… = what about… ……怎么样 / 如何 / 呢 4. the wrong way （以）错误的方式 5. as soon as 一……就…… 6. hold out 伸出（手等） 7. each other = one another 互相 8. find out 发现；找出；查明 9. a little/bit late 有点儿晚 10. drop by 顺便访问 11. on both sides of 在……的两边 12. in one’s everyday life/lives 在某人的日常生活中 13. as…as one can/could = as…as possible 尽可能…… 14. on time 准时，按时 15. the capital of… ……的首都 / 国都 16. at noon 在中午 17. get mad 大动肝火；气愤 18. something interesting 有趣的事情 19. go abroad 出国 20. clean…off 把……擦掉 21. take off 脱下（衣服）；（飞机等）起飞 22. table manners 餐桌礼仪 23. stick…into… 把……插入…… 24. point point at 指着 point to 指向 point out 指出 25. thanks for… 因……而感谢 thank sb. for… 因……而感谢某人 26. have a great time = have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 27. make…feel at home 使（某人）感到宾至如归 28. in French 用法语 29. because of 因为；由于 30. at first 最初；首先（反义词组：at last 最后；终于） 31. cut up 切碎 32. be like 像 33. show up 出席；露面 34. make friends 交朋友 35. after all 毕竟；终归 36. to one’s surprise 使/让某人吃惊的是 37. at the table 在餐桌旁 38. be different from 和……不同（反：be the same as 和……相同） 39. make mistakes 犯错误 40. be relaxed about 对……感到放松/随意 41. spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光 42. big deal 重要的事；大人物 用法集萃 1.be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事 be expected to do sth. 应该做某事；被期望做某事 2. a/an + 名词 + called/named + 名字 一个名叫……的…… 3. make plans to do sth. = plan to do sth. 计划做某事 4.invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to + 地点名词 邀请某人到某地 5. make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事 6. keep sb. doing sth. 让/使某人一直做某事 7. without doing sth. 没有做某事 8. start doing sth. = start to do sth. 开始做某事 9. go out of one’s way to do sth. 特地做某事；格外努力做某事 10.used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 get/be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 11. find it + adj. + to do sth. 发现做某事是……的 12. look forward to doing sth. 盼望/期待做某事 13. be worth doing 值得做；值……钱 14. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 15. be comfortable doing sth. 做某事（感到）轻松自如/舒服 16. be excited about doing sth. 对做某事感到兴奋；因做某事而激动 17. It’s + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是……的。 18. There is no reason (for sb.) to do sth. （某人）没有理由做某事。 语法专项聚焦 1、 be supposed to do sth. 与 be expected to do sth. 结构 短语 意义 用法 be supposed to do sth. “应该做某事”，相当于 should do sth. / ought to do sth. 二者都可表示根据规定、传统习惯人们应该做某事，多数场景可互换；结构中to是不定式符号，后接动词原形；be动词随人称、数、时态变化 be expected to do sth. “应该做某事；被期望做某事” 基础例句 You’re supposed to make noise while eating noodles in Japan. = You’re expected to make noise while eating noodles in Japan. 在日本吃面条时，你应该发出响声。 用法详解 1. 主语为人时：be supposed to… 表示劝告、建议、义务、责任，等同于should 例句：You’re supposed to ask the teacher if you want to leave the classroom. 你如果想离开教室，应该问问老师。 2. 主语为事物时：be supposed to… 意为“本应……，本该……”，指事情本该发生却未发生 例句：The meeting is supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we have to put it off. 这次会议本应在星期二举行，但我们不得不把它推迟。 3. was/were supposed to do sth. 表示“（过去）本应该做某事，实际没做” 例句：You were supposed to arrive here at 6:00. 你本应该6点钟到这儿。 4. be supposed to… 的否定与疑问 - 否定：be not supposed to do sth. You are not supposed to do that. 你不应该做那件事。 - 一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + supposed to do…? Am I supposed to arrive a little late? 我应该稍晚一点儿到吗？ 5. be expected to do sth. 主观期待性更强 例句：You’re expected to do your duty. 你应该尽职尽责。 拓展用法 be supposed to… 还可表示“被认为……，被相信…… ① They are supposed to be very clever. 他们被认为很聪明。 ② This house is supposed to be his. 这所房子被认为是他的。 二、It + be + adj. + to do sth. 句型 1. 基础结构含义 “It + be + adj. + to do sth.” 意为“做某事是……的”；it为形式主语，真正主语是后面的动词不定式。使用it作形式主语是为了避免句子头重脚轻。 例句：I think it’s important to sleep eight hours a day. 我认为每天睡8个小时很重要。 2. It + be + adj. + for/of sb. + to do sth. 区分用法 ① It + be + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 形容词多描述事物特征：difficult, hard, important, necessary, possible等，说明做某事这件事的性质。 例：It’s hard for me to answer your question. 我很难回答你的问题。 ② It + be + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 形容词多描述人的品质性格：good, kind, nice, clever, polite, foolish等，修饰人的特质。 例：It was foolish of him to go alone. 他单独去太傻了。 作文 假定你是李平，请你对意大利交换生 Armino 的邮件进行回复，词数 80 左右。 To: Li Ping From: Armino Hi Li Ping, How are you? I hope you’re fine and not too busy! I can’t wait to leave for China next week. But could you tell me something about Chinese table manners? What places of interest can I visit when I am in your city? See you soon! Armino Hi Armino, Glad to hear from you again. As you mentioned in your email, there are indeed some table manners in China. For example, you are supposed to help lay out the dishes before meals. Another example is that you are not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table. And also, it’s impolite to stick your chopsticks into the food. Besides, you shouldn’t point at anyone with your chopsticks. As for places of interest, I suggest China National Tea Museum, where you can watch tea art performances and drink wonderful tea. Have a good trip and I’m looking forward to seeing you! Li Ping 重点短语标注 1. be supposed to do 应该做某事 2. It’s impolite to do sth. 做某事是不礼貌的 3. as for 至于；关于 4. tea art performances 茶艺表演 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $