Unit 3 Never give up 语法篇（时间状语从句）（“导”与“练”）-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册导练测同步（译林版2024）

本初中英语讲义聚焦时间状语从句核心语法点，系统梳理before、after、when、while等基础连词及as、by the time等补充连词的用法，通过时态匹配原则和从句简化规则构建从基础到进阶的学习支架，辅以适用场景及例句解析。 资料以表格化对比呈现连词用法、适用场景及例句，助力学生清晰辨析差异，培养分析对比的思维品质。时态匹配原则与简化规则指导提升语言理解与表达能力，课中辅助教师系统授课，课后便于学生自查练习，查漏补缺。

Unit 3 Never give up 语法篇 关于“before、after、when和while引导的时间状语从句”语法内容，教材如是说： 时间状语从句是指在复合句中充当时间状语的句子。如： When the weather is good, my grandpa likes going fishing. 天气好的时候，我爷爷喜欢去钓鱼。 The sun came out after the storm ended.暴风雨停止后，太阳出来了。 注意：我们可以用before、after、when和while引导时间状语从句，这些词既可放在句首，也可放在句中。 ◆before意思是“在……之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。如： Paper wasn’t widely used before Cai Lun improved the method of making it. 在蔡伦改进造纸术之前，纸并没有被广泛使用。 ◆after意思是“在……之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。如： I went to school after I finished my breakfast. 我吃完早饭后去上学。 ◆when意思是“当……时”，表示主句的动作发生的特定时间。如： The days get longer when spring comes.春天到来时，白天变长了。 注意：when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是瞬时性的。 ◆while意思是“当……时”，强调主句的动作和从句的动作是同时发生的。如： While my sister was sweeping the floor, I was washing the dishes. 我姐姐扫地时，我在洗碗。 注意：while引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的。 while 还可以表示“在……期间”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作进行的过程中。如： While the boys were playing football, it rained.当男孩们踢足球时，下雨了。 注意：在when和while引导的从句中，当主句和从句的主语一致，并且从句中有be动词时，从句可以省略主语和be 动词，构成“when/while +动词-ing/介词短语”结构。如： While (I am) travelling, I like to buy some souvenirs.旅游时我喜欢买些纪念品。 When (she is) in trouble, she always asks for my help. 她遇到困难时总是向我求助。 关于“since、till和until引导的时间状语从句”语法内容，教材如是说： since、till和until常用来引导时间状语从句。如： Mr Brown has been in Beijing since you left.自从你离开后，布朗先生就一直待在北京。 I worked till/until he came back.我一直工作到他回来为止。 ◆since意思是“自从……以来”。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。如： They have been friends since they were at primary school. 他们从小学起就一直是朋友。 注意：since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬时性动词。 ◆till和until意思是“到……为止”，一般情况下两者可以互换，但在句首一般不用till，而用until。此外，till不如until正式。如： Walk till/until you see a red house.一直走到你看到一座红房子为止。 注意：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时性动词，且用否定形式，形成not ... till/until结构，则意思是“直到……才(开始)”。如： I did not go to bed till/until I finished the housework. 直到做完家务我才上床睡觉。 关于“as soon as和whenever”语法内容，教材如是说： 我们常用as soon as和whenever引导时间状语从句。如： As soon as I arrive in Canada, I will call you.我一到加拿大，就给你打电话。 Whenever he meets us, he smiles at us.他每次遇见我们，都向我们微笑。 ◆as soon as意思是“一……就”。如： We began to work as soon as we got there.我们一到那里就开始工作。 He will visit you as soon as he gets there.他一到那里就会去拜访你。 ◆whenever意思是“每当；无论何时”。如： He likes listening to music whenever he has time. 每当他有时间的时候，他喜欢听音乐。 注意：whenever可以用every time替换。 一、时间状语从句九大连词 连接副词及意思 适用场景 例句 before 在……之前 ①主句的动作发生在从句的动作 之前； ②用在下列句型中： ▲It will be+时间段+before...，还要过多久才…… ▲It wasn’t long before...” 没过多久就…… I always ________ milk before I ________ to bed. 我睡前总是喝牛奶。 He ________ the work before you ________. 在你到来前，他会做完这项工作的。 He _______ his homework before he ______ to bed. 他在睡前完成了作业。 (主句谓语动词也可以用：had finished) , I believe, the new high-speed railway which is being built now is finally completed.我相信，还要过几年这条正在建设的新高铁才能最终完工。 she learned those poems by heart.她没过多久就记住了那些诗。 after 在……之后 主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。 He always ________ hands after he ________ home. 他每次回家后都会洗手。 I ________ you after I ________ home. 到家后我会给你打电话。 I him the news after you ________. 等你走后我再告诉他这个消息。(强调你先走) She ________ the window after she ________. 她起床后打开了窗户。 when 当……时 表示主句的动作发生的特定时间(主从句动作可以同时发生，也可以稍有先后)。 He always ________ when he_______ his old friends. 见到老朋友时他总是会微笑。 I ________ you when I ________ at the station. 我到了车站就会给你发消息。 When I ________ the door, I ________ a cat. 我开门时，看到了一只猫。(动作稍有先后) I ________ you when you _____________ all exams. 等你全部通过考试，我请你吃饭。(强调完成) ________ the lights when you leave the room. 离开房间时关灯。(主句为祈使句) We ________________ when they _______________ outside.我们聊天的时候，他们在外面玩耍。 They _______________ in the park when it ________ to rain.他们正在公园散步，突然下起雨来。(主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时，强调从句动作发生的突然性。可以当成特殊句型记忆：was/were doing…when…did) while 当……时 在……期间 强调主从句的动作同时发生或者主句的动作发生在从句的动作进行的过程中，且从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的。 He ________________ the newspaper while I ______ _________ dinner.我做晚饭的时候，他正在看报纸。 They ________ while we ________________ dinner. 当我们正在吃晚饭的时候，他们到了。 since 自从……以来 主句动作自过去某一时间持续到现在，且常用现在完成时。 She ______________ as a doctor since she ______ to Beijing.自从她搬到北京以来就一直当医生。 It ________ ten years since we last ________. 自从我们上次见面以来，已经过去十年了。 till 到……为止 ①一般情况下两者可以互换，但在句首一般不用till，而用until。此外，till不如until正式； ②肯定句中，主句谓语动词要用延续性的动词(主句动作持续到从句所表示的时间停止)；否定句中(not ... until/till ...直到……才……)才可以用瞬时性动词。 I ________ till/until the coach ________ talking. 我会等到教练说完话。 We ________________ until/till she ____________. 我们一直等，直到她回来。 I ________ the importance of persistence until I ________ many times.直到多次失败，我才明白坚持 的重要性。 I ________________ until I ________ my homework. 直到做完作业我才睡觉。 until 到……为止 as soon as 一……就 强调从句动作一结束，主句动作立刻发生。 __________ Jack the good news as soon as I _______ him.我一见到杰克就会告诉他这个好消息。 As soon as the rain ________, they ______________. 雨一停，他们就继续跑步。 whenever 每当；无论何时 可用every time替代 表示现在或过去一种习惯性的、每次都会发生的情况。 Whenever he _______ upset, he _______ encouraging books.每当他感到沮丧，他就读励志书籍。 You can ______ me for help whenever you _______ difficulties.无论何时你遇到困难，都可以找我帮忙。 Whenever I ________ my grandmother, she always ________ cookies for me.我小时候，每当我去祖母家，她总会给我烤饼干。 Every time she ________ difficulties, she ________ the coach for advice.每当她遇到困难，都会向教练请教。 二、时间状语从句连词补充 连接副词及意思 适用场景 例句 as 正当 一边……，一边…… 随着 ①表示某一件事一发生，另一件事随即发生； ②表示某事发生的过程中另一件事发生； ③表示两个动作同时发生。 As the sun ________, the fog ________________. 太阳一出来，雾就散了。 I ________ his voice as I ________ the hall. 我走过大厅的时候听到他说话的声音。 She ________ music as she ________ clothes. 她一边洗衣服一边听音乐。 As time , we all . 随着时间流逝，我们都长大了。 by the time 到……时候为止 主句动作截止从句时间点前已完成。 He ________________ to more than four countries by the time he ________ twelve years old. 到他十二岁为止，他去过的国家已经超过四个。 no sooner ... than 一……就…… ①主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，只描述过去事件。 ②no sooner/hardly/scarcely位于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。 注意：两种句型所搭配的连词than和when不可混淆； 务必不要把than写成then。 我刚回家，就下起雨来了。 I ________________ it began to rain. I ________________________ it began to rain. ________________, it began to rain. ________________________ it began to rain. ________________________ it began to rain. hardly/scarcely... when 一……就…… 三、主从句时态匹配的原则 主句时态 从句时态 适用场景 例句 一般现在时 一般现在时 描述常态、客观事实、日常习惯 When spring ________, flowers bloom. 春天到来时，花儿盛开。(客观规律) I ________ teeth before I go to bed every night. 我每晚睡前刷牙。(日常习惯) 一般将来时 (包括情态动词 /祈使句) 一般现在时 描述将来的动作 I ________ him the truth as soon as I ________ him. 我一见到他就会告诉他真相的。 She ________________ after she ________ exams. 考完试她就要去旅行。 You ________ until the bus ________. 公交车停稳你才能上车。 ________ the window before you ________ the room. 离开房间前关好窗户。 过去类时态(一般过去/过去进行/过去将来) 过去类时态(一般过去/过去进行/过去完成) 描述过去场景，时态统一落入过去范畴 When I ________ ten, I ________ in a small town. 我十岁时住在小镇。 I ________________ when my father ________ back. 爸爸回来时，我正在看书。 He said he ________________ me when he _______. 他说他到了就给我打电话。 The movie ________________ before we ________ to the cinema.我们到影院前电影已经开场了。 特殊情况： 1. since时间状语从句：从句固定一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时； She has loved painting since she was five.她从五岁起就喜欢画画。 注意：It is/has been +时间段+since句型：主句可用一般现在时或现在完成时； 时间段(作为整体概念)+has passed+since句型：主句用现在完成时。 It is three years/has been three years since he joined the army.他参军已经三年了。 Three years has passed since he joined the army.他参军已经三年了。 2. by the time时间状语从句：从句一般过去时+主句过去完成时；从句一般现在时+主句将来完成时。 By the time my mum got home, I had cooked dinner. 妈妈到家的时候，我早就做好晚饭了。 By the time this term ends, we will have learned all grammar points. 等到本学期结束，我们就学完所有语法知识点。 3. when时间状语从句：was/were doing…when…did；was/were about to do ... when ... did ... I was reading a novel when a loud knock came at the door. 我正在看小说，这时门外传来一阵急促的敲门声。 I was about to go out for a walk when it began to rain heavily. 我正要出门散步，这时突然下起了大雨。 四、时间状语从句的简化 简化条件：1. 主句和从句的主语为同一个人； 2. 从句谓语为“be doing”形式，转换成“原句连词+现在分词”结构。 ①While I was reading, I drank a cup of tea. →While reading, I drank a cup of tea.我看书的时候喝了一杯茶。 ②When he was waiting for the bus, he listened to English songs. →When waiting for the bus, he listened to English songs.等公交车时，他听英文歌。 说明：从句谓语无“be doing”形式，但表主动动作，也可转换成“原句连词(在此已经转换成了介词)+现在分词”结构。 ①After I finished doing my homework, I watched a movie. →After finishing my homework, I watched a movie.写完作业后，我看了一部电影。 ②Since I left school, I have kept in touch with teachers. →Since leaving school, I have kept in touch with teachers.自从离校后，我一直和老师保持联系。 另外：When the man was asked what the trip meant to him, he said it was “an experience of a lifetime”. →When asked what the trip meant to him, the man said it was “an experience of a lifetime”. 当被问及这场旅行对他意味着什么时，男子称这是“一生难忘的经历”。 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Never give up 语法篇 关于“before、after、when和while引导的时间状语从句”语法内容，教材如是说： 时间状语从句是指在复合句中充当时间状语的句子。如： When the weather is good, my grandpa likes going fishing. 天气好的时候，我爷爷喜欢去钓鱼。 The sun came out after the storm ended.暴风雨停止后，太阳出来了。 注意：我们可以用before、after、when和while引导时间状语从句，这些词既可放在句首，也可放在句中。 ◆before意思是“在……之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。如： Paper wasn’t widely used before Cai Lun improved the method of making it. 在蔡伦改进造纸术之前，纸并没有被广泛使用。 ◆after意思是“在……之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。如： I went to school after I finished my breakfast. 我吃完早饭后去上学。 ◆when意思是“当……时”，表示主句的动作发生的特定时间。如： The days get longer when spring comes.春天到来时，白天变长了。 注意：when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是瞬时性的。 ◆while意思是“当……时”，强调主句的动作和从句的动作是同时发生的。如： While my sister was sweeping the floor, I was washing the dishes. 我姐姐扫地时，我在洗碗。 注意：while引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的。 while 还可以表示“在……期间”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作进行的过程中。如： While the boys were playing football, it rained.当男孩们踢足球时，下雨了。 注意：在when和while引导的从句中，当主句和从句的主语一致，并且从句中有be动词时，从句可以省略主语和be 动词，构成“when/while +动词-ing/介词短语”结构。如： While (I am) travelling, I like to buy some souvenirs.旅游时我喜欢买些纪念品。 When (she is) in trouble, she always asks for my help. 她遇到困难时总是向我求助。 关于“since、till和until引导的时间状语从句”语法内容，教材如是说： since、till和until常用来引导时间状语从句。如： Mr Brown has been in Beijing since you left.自从你离开后，布朗先生就一直待在北京。 I worked till/until he came back.我一直工作到他回来为止。 ◆since意思是“自从……以来”。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。如： They have been friends since they were at primary school. 他们从小学起就一直是朋友。 注意：since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬时性动词。 ◆till和until意思是“到……为止”，一般情况下两者可以互换，但在句首一般不用till，而用until。此外，till不如until正式。如： Walk till/until you see a red house.一直走到你看到一座红房子为止。 注意：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时性动词，且用否定形式，形成not ... till/until结构，则意思是“直到……才(开始)”。如： I did not go to bed till/until I finished the housework. 直到做完家务我才上床睡觉。 关于“as soon as和whenever”语法内容，教材如是说： 我们常用as soon as和whenever引导时间状语从句。如： As soon as I arrive in Canada, I will call you.我一到加拿大，就给你打电话。 Whenever he meets us, he smiles at us.他每次遇见我们，都向我们微笑。 ◆as soon as意思是“一……就”。如： We began to work as soon as we got there.我们一到那里就开始工作。 He will visit you as soon as he gets there.他一到那里就会去拜访你。 ◆whenever意思是“每当；无论何时”。如： He likes listening to music whenever he has time. 每当他有时间的时候，他喜欢听音乐。 注意：whenever可以用every time替换。 一、时间状语从句九大连词 连接副词及意思 适用场景 例句 before 在……之前 ①主句的动作发生在从句的动作 之前； ②用在下列句型中： ▲It will be+时间段+before...，还要过多久才…… ▲It wasn’t long before...” 没过多久就…… I always drink milk before I go to bed. 我睡前总是喝牛奶。 He will finish the work before you come. 在你到来前，他会做完这项工作的。 He finished his homework before he went to bed. 他在睡前完成了作业。 (主句谓语动词也可以用：had finished) It will be several years, I believe, before the new high-speed railway which is being built now is finally completed.我相信，还要过几年这条正在建设的新高铁才能最终完工。 It was not long before she learned those poems by heart.她没过多久就记住了那些诗。 after 在……之后 主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。 He always washes hands after he gets home. 他每次回家后都会洗手。 I will call you after I arrive home. 到家后我会给你打电话。 I’ll tell him the news after you have left. 等你走后我再告诉他这个消息。(强调你先走) She opened the window after she got up. 她起床后打开了窗户。 when 当……时 表示主句的动作发生的特定时间(主从句动作可以同时发生，也可以稍有先后)。 He always smiles when he meets his old friends. 见到老朋友时他总是会微笑。 I will text you when I arrive at the station. 我到了车站就会给你发消息。 When I opened the door, I saw a cat. 我开门时，看到了一只猫。(动作稍有先后) I’ll treat you when you have passed all exams. 等你全部通过考试，我请你吃饭。(强调完成) Turn off the lights when you leave the room. 离开房间时关灯。(主句为祈使句) We were chatting when they were playing outside.我们聊天的时候，他们在外面玩耍。 They were walking in the park when it began to rain.他们正在公园散步，突然下起雨来。(主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时，强调从句动作发生的突然性。可以当成特殊句型记忆：was/were doing…when…did) while 当……时 在……期间 强调主从句的动作同时发生或者主句的动作发生在从句的动作进行的过程中，且从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的。 He was reading the newspaper while I was cooking dinner.我做晚饭的时候，他正在看报纸。 They arrived while we were having dinner. 当我们正在吃晚饭的时候，他们到了。 since 自从……以来 主句动作自过去某一时间持续到现在，且常用现在完成时。 She has worked as a doctor since she moved to Beijing.自从她搬到北京以来就一直当医生。 It has been ten years since we last met. 自从我们上次见面以来，已经过去十年了。 till 到……为止 ①一般情况下两者可以互换，但在句首一般不用till，而用until。此外，till不如until正式； ②肯定句中，主句谓语动词要用延续性的动词(主句动作持续到从句所表示的时间停止)；否定句中(not ... until/till ...直到……才……)才可以用瞬时性动词。 I will wait till/until the coach finishes talking. 我会等到教练说完话。 We were waiting until/till she came back. 我们一直等，直到她回来。 I didn’t realize the importance of persistence until I failed many times.直到多次失败，我才明白坚持 的重要性。 I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework. 直到做完作业我才睡觉。 until 到……为止 as soon as 一……就 强调从句动作一结束，主句动作立刻发生。 I’ll tell Jack the good news as soon as I see him. 我一见到杰克就会告诉他这个好消息。 As soon as the rain stopped, they went on running. 雨一停，他们就继续跑步。 whenever 每当；无论何时 可用every time替代 表示现在或过去一种习惯性的、每次都会发生的情况。 Whenever he feels upset, he reads encouraging books.每当他感到沮丧，他就读励志书籍。 You can ask me for help whenever you meet difficulties.无论何时你遇到困难，都可以找我帮忙。 Whenever I visited my grandmother, she always baked cookies for me.我小时候，每当我去祖母家，她总会给我烤饼干。 Every time she faces difficulties, she asks the coach for advice.每当她遇到困难，都会向教练请教。 二、时间状语从句连词补充 连接副词及意思 适用场景 例句 as 正当 一边……，一边…… 随着 ①表示某一件事一发生，另一件事随即发生； ②表示某事发生的过程中另一件事发生； ③表示两个动作同时发生。 As the sun rose, the fog disappeared. 太阳一出来，雾就散了。 I heard his voice as I crossed the hall. 我走过大厅的时候听到他说话的声音。 She listened to music as she washed clothes. 她一边洗衣服一边听音乐。 As time went by, we all grew up. 随着时间流逝，我们都长大了。 by the time 到……时候为止 主句动作截止从句时间点前已完成。 He had travelled to more than four countries by the time he was twelve years old. 到他十二岁为止，他去过的国家已经超过四个。 no sooner ... than 一……就…… ①主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，只描述过去事件。 ②no sooner/hardly/scarcely位于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。 注意：两种句型所搭配的连词than和when不可混淆； 务必不要把than写成then。 我刚回家，就下起雨来了。 I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain. As soon as I got home, it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. hardly/scarcely... when 一……就…… 三、主从句时态匹配的原则 主句时态 从句时态 适用场景 例句 一般现在时 一般现在时 描述常态、客观事实、日常习惯 When spring comes, flowers bloom. 春天到来时，花儿盛开。(客观规律) I brush teeth before I go to bed every night. 我每晚睡前刷牙。(日常习惯) 一般将来时 (包括情态动词 /祈使句) 一般现在时 描述将来的动作 I will tell him the truth as soon as I see him. 我一见到他就会告诉他真相的。 She is going to travel after she finishes exams. 考完试她就要去旅行。 You must wait until the bus stops. 公交车停稳你才能上车。 Close the window before you leave the room. 离开房间前关好窗户。 过去类时态(一般过去/过去进行/过去将来) 过去类时态(一般过去/过去进行/过去完成) 描述过去场景，时态统一落入过去范畴 When I was ten, I lived in a small town. 我十岁时住在小镇。 I was reading when my father came back. 爸爸回来时，我正在看书。 He said he would call me when he arrived. 他说他到了就给我打电话。 The movie had started before we got to the cinema. 我们到影院前电影已经开场了。 特殊情况： 1. since时间状语从句：从句固定一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时； She has loved painting since she was five.她从五岁起就喜欢画画。 注意：It is/has been +时间段+since句型：主句可用一般现在时或现在完成时； 时间段(作为整体概念)+has passed+since句型：主句用现在完成时。 It is three years/has been three years since he joined the army.他参军已经三年了。 Three years has passed since he joined the army.他参军已经三年了。 2. by the time时间状语从句：从句一般过去时+主句过去完成时；从句一般现在时+主句将来完成时。 By the time my mum got home, I had cooked dinner. 妈妈到家的时候，我早就做好晚饭了。 By the time this term ends, we will have learned all grammar points. 等到本学期结束，我们就学完所有语法知识点。 3. when时间状语从句：was/were doing…when…did；was/were about to do ... when ... did ... I was reading a novel when a loud knock came at the door. 我正在看小说，这时门外传来一阵急促的敲门声。 I was about to go out for a walk when it began to rain heavily. 我正要出门散步，这时突然下起了大雨。 四、时间状语从句的简化 简化条件：1. 主句和从句的主语为同一个人； 2. 从句谓语为“be doing”形式，转换成“原句连词+现在分词”结构。 ①While I was reading, I drank a cup of tea. →While reading, I drank a cup of tea.我看书的时候喝了一杯茶。 ②When he was waiting for the bus, he listened to English songs. →When waiting for the bus, he listened to English songs.等公交车时，他听英文歌。 说明：从句谓语无“be doing”形式，但表主动动作，也可转换成“原句连词(在此已经转换成了介词)+现在分词”结构。 ①After I finished doing my homework, I watched a movie. →After finishing my homework, I watched a movie.写完作业后，我看了一部电影。 ②Since I left school, I have kept in touch with teachers. →Since leaving school, I have kept in touch with teachers.自从离校后，我一直和老师保持联系。 另外：When the man was asked what the trip meant to him, he said it was “an experience of a lifetime”. →When asked what the trip meant to him, the man said it was “an experience of a lifetime”. 当被问及这场旅行对他意味着什么时，男子称这是“一生难忘的经历”。 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Never give up 语法篇 (满分50分，答题时间45分钟) 一、单项选择(每题1分，满分20分) 1. My grandfather has been a teacher ________ he came to this town in 1980. A. when B. since C. while D. after 2. ________ he was practising skateboarding, he wrote down all his training problems in a notebook. A. While B. Before C. After D. Since 3. She didn’t stop singing ________ the audience clapped for three minutes. Her voice moved everyone. A. when B. while C. until D. after 4. Many teenagers feel anxious ________ they compare themselves with the “perfect lives” they see on social media. A. when B. because C. although D. unless 5. —How long do you think it will be ________ the project, which involves many difficult tasks, is finally finished? —About three months, I guess. A. before B. since C. after D. when 6. — ________ will the new bridge, which connects the two cities, be open to traffic? — ________ all the safety checks, which are very strict, are done. A. How soon, Until B. How long, Not until C. How long, Until D. How soon, Not until 7. It wasn’t long ________ the firemen, who had been called immediately, arrived and put out the fire that had started in the kitchen. A. after B. before C. when D. until 8. Please wait ________ the bus, which is crowded with passengers, stops completely before you get off. A. when B. after C. until D. while 9. Tom didn’t go to bed ________ his mother came back last night. A. till B. if C. because D. unless 10. —________ did you finish your homework, which was quite difficult? —________ I had supper with my family. A. How long, After B. When, After C. How long, Until D. When, Until 11. ________ he got over the accident, he decided to become a basketball coach. A. Before   B. After C. While D. Till 12. He fell asleep ________ he was listening to the weather report. A. until B. while C. because D. so 13. We will start our discussion ________ everyone arrives. A. until B. as soon as C. while D. before 14. By the time we arrived, the movie ________ for ten minutes. A. has started B. had started C. has been on D. had been on 15. I ________ home ________ it began to rain heavily. I got wet all through. A. had left, hardly when B. hardly left, than C. have hardly left, than D. had hardly left, when 16. —Did Linda see the traffic accident? —No, no sooner ________ than it happened. A. had she gone B. she had gone C. has she gone D. she has gone 17. By the time the firemen arrived, the fire ________ by the villagers. A. is controlled B. had controlled C. was controlled D. had been controlled 18. Hardly ________ the instructions when he began to assemble the furniture. A. had he read B. he had read C. did he read D. he read 19. By the time I ________ to the bus stop, the last bus had already left. I had to walk home in the rain. A. get B. was getting C. got D. had got 20. The elderly painter had to sell his masterpiece ________ his own will, but he determined to buy it back ________ he earned enough money. A. below, if B. over, unless C. against, whenever D. above, when 二、根据要求进行句型转换(每题2分，满分20分) 1-8题(改为同义句)；9-10题(合并为一句) 1. While Mary was reading in the library, she saw an old friend. Mary saw an old friend ____________ in the library. 2. I went to bed after I finished my homework last night. I ________ go to bed ________ I finished my homework last night. 3. It’s 100 years since the Communist Party of China(中国共产党) was founded. 100 years _______________ since the Communist Party of China was founded. 4. When she heard the good news, she smiled immediately. She smiled ____________ she heard the good news. 5. Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us. ____________ we met with difficulties, they came to help us. 6. They joined the swimming club two years ago. It ________ two years ________ they joined the swimming club. 7. I must read a book before I watch TV. I must read a book before ____________. 8. Try to avoid drinking too much tea before going to bed. Try to avoid drinking too much tea before ____________  to bed. 9. I was about to go up to my office. At that time I decided to get a coffee first. I was about to go up to my office ________ I decided to get a coffee first. 10. She was cooking in the kitchen. The telephone rang. ___________________________________________ 三、单句语法填空(每题1分，满分10分) 1. When the earthquake ________(strike), many people were having dinner. 2. I ________(not believe)it until I ________(see)it with my own eyes. 3. ________ Marie moved to the new neighbourhood, she has made a lot of new friends. 4. ________ the morning sun rises in the sky, it gives off a strong light. 5. The students were excited ________ they saw the amazing puppet show. 6. Kids usually become more responsible ________ they get older. 7. She learned several local dishes while ________(travel)abroad. 8. The students kept quiet ________ the teacher ________(enter)the classroom. 9. By the time I ________(get)up, my brother had already gotten in the shower. 10. We cleaned the classroom before we ________(leave)school yesterday. 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Never give up 语法篇 (满分50分，答题时间45分钟) 一、单项选择(每题1分，满分20分) 1. My grandfather has been a teacher ________ he came to this town in 1980. A. when B. since C. while D. after 【答案】B 【解析】句意：自1980年我祖父来到这个城镇以来，他一直是一名教师。考查连接副词辨析。when当……时候；since自从……以来；while当……期间；after在……之后。根据主句“My grandfather has been a teacher”为现在完成时，从句“he came to this town in 1980”为一般过去时，可知应用since引导时间状语从句，表示动作从过去持续到现在，故选B。 2. ________ he was practising skateboarding, he wrote down all his training problems in a notebook. A. While B. Before C. After D. Since 【答案】A 【解析】句意：当他在练习滑板时，他把所有的训练问题都记在了笔记本上。考查连接副词辨析。While当……时候；Before在……之前；After在……之后；Since自从。根据从句中“was practising”是过去进行时，表示动作正在进行，While常引导进行时态的时间状语从句，表示“在……过程中”，故选A。 3. She didn’t stop singing ________ the audience clapped for three minutes. Her voice moved everyone. A. when B. while C. until D. after 【答案】C 【解析】句意：她直到观众鼓掌了三分钟才停止唱歌。她的歌声打动了所有人。考查连接副词辨析。when当……时；while当……的时候；until直到……为止；after在……之后。根据“didn’t stop singing”及“the audience clapped”可知，她一直唱到观众鼓掌三分钟才停，应用not...until...结构，故选C。 4. Many teenagers feel anxious ________ they compare themselves with the “perfect lives” they see on social media. A. when B. because C. although D. unless 【答案】A 【解析】句意：当他们把自己和社交媒体上看到的“完美生活”作比较时，许多青少年会感到焦虑。考查连接副词辨析。when当……时候；because因为；although虽然；unless除非。根据前后句的逻辑，攀比这个行为发生的时刻是青少年产生焦虑情绪的触发条件，两句都用一般现在时描述日常反复出现的情况，需要能引导时间状语从句的连词，故选A。 5. —How long do you think it will be ________ the project, which involves many difficult tasks, is finally finished? —About three months, I guess. A. before B. since C. after D. when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“你认为还要多久这个项目才能最终完成？”“我猜大约三个月。before在……之前；since自从……以来；after在……之后；when当……时候。根据答语“About three months”可知，问句询问的是还要过多久某事才会发生。固定句型“It will be+时间段+before...”意为“要过多久才……”，符合语境，故选A。 6. — ________ will the new bridge, which connects the two cities, be open to traffic? — ________ all the safety checks, which are very strict, are done. A. How soon, Until B. How long, Not until C. How long, Until D. How soon, Not until 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“连接这两座城市的新桥多久以后将开放交通？”“直到所有非常严格的安全检查完成才开放。”考查疑问副词和连接副词辨析。How soon多久以后；How long多久；Until直到……；Not until直到……才……。How soon提问将来还要多久发生某事，对应本句一般将来时的语境(问新桥还要多久通车)；How long提问动作持续的时长，不符合语境。答句暗示通车时间取决于安全检查完成，需用Not until表示“直到……才……”，强调条件满足后才发生，故选D。 7. It wasn’t long ________ the firemen, who had been called immediately, arrived and put out the fire that had started in the kitchen. A. after B. before C. when D. until 【答案】B 【解析】句意：没过多久，被立即召唤的消防员就到达并扑灭了厨房里燃起的火。考查连接副词辨析。after在……之后；before在……之前；when当……时；until直到。It wasn’t long before...为固定句型，表示“没过多久就……”，故选B。 8. Please wait ________ the bus, which is crowded with passengers, stops completely before you get off. A. when B. after C. until D. while 【答案】C 【解析】句意：请等到挤满乘客的公共汽车完全停稳后再下车。考查连接副词辨析。when当……的时候；after在……之后；until直到……；while当……的时候。用until引导一个时间状语从句，表示一直等到公交车完全停下，符合句意逻辑，故选C。 9. Tom didn’t go to bed ________ his mother came back last night. A. till B. if C. because D. unless 【答案】A 【解析】句意：昨晚，汤姆直到他妈妈回来才上床睡觉。考查连接副词辨析。till直到……为止；if如果；because因为；unless除非。分析句子可知，此处指汤姆直到妈妈回来才上床睡觉，故选A。 10. —________ did you finish your homework, which was quite difficult? —________ I had supper with my family. A. How long, After B. When, After C. How long, Until D. When, Until 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“你是在什么时候完成那项相当难的作业的？”“在我和家人吃完晚饭之后。”考查疑问副词和连接副词辨析。When什么时候；How long多久；After在……之后；Until直到……才。第一空问的是“完成作业”的具体时间点，而非持续的时间长度，因此用When。第二空回答的是“完成作业”发生在“吃完晚饭”之后，表示时间先后关系，故选B。 11. ________ he got over the accident, he decided to become a basketball coach. A. Before   B. After C. While D. Till 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在从这场事故中恢复过来之后，他决定成为一名篮球教练。考查连接副词辨析。Before在……之前；After在……之后；While当……时候；Till直到。根据逻辑，是从事故中恢复过来之后才决定成为教练，应用After引导时间状语从句，故选B。 12. He fell asleep ________ he was listening to the weather report. A. until B. while C. because D. so 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他在听天气预报的时候睡着了。考查连接副词辨析。until直到；while当……时候；because因为；so所以。从句he was listening to the weather report为过去进行时，体现持续进行的动作，while常用来引导带有延续性动作的进行时从句，能体现主句“睡着”的短暂动作发生在 “听天气预报”的过程中，契合语境，故选B。 13. We will start our discussion ________ everyone arrives. A. until B. as soon as C. while D. before 【答案】B 【解析】句意：大家一到，我们就开始讨论。考查连接副词及短语连词辨析。until直到；as soon as一……就……；while当……时候；before在……之前。句中 “开始讨论” 是主句，“大家一到” 是从句。根据句意，表示“一……就……”，需要用连词as soon as引导时间状语从句，故选B。 14. By the time we arrived, the movie ________ for ten minutes. A. has started B. had started C. has been on D. had been on 【答案】D 【解析】句意：当我们到达的时候，电影已经上映十分钟了。考查动词时态及瞬时性动词与延续性动词辨析。has started已经开始；had started已经开始；has been on已经上映；had been on已经上映。根据“By the time we arrived”可知，主句动作发生在过去某一时间之前，应用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，结合“for ten minutes”可知，谓语动词需用延续性动词，start是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，需变为be on，故选D。 15. I ________ home ________ it began to rain heavily. I got wet all through. A. had left, hardly when B. hardly left, than C. have hardly left, than D. had hardly left, when 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我刚离开家就下起了大雨。我浑身湿透了。考查疑问连接副词辨析及动词的时态。hardly … when …为固定搭配，意为“一……就……”。同时，hardly所在的主句之用过去完成时，when引导的从句用一般过去时，故选D。 16. —Did Linda see the traffic accident? —No, no sooner ________ than it happened. A. had she gone B. she had gone C. has she gone D. she has gone 【答案】A 【解析】句意：“琳达看到那起交通事故了吗？”“没有，她刚走，事故就发生了。”考查特殊句型。本句是“no sooner…than…”句型，表示“一……就……”，“no sooner”位于句首，句子需要倒装，排除BD选项；此处描述的事故发生在琳达离开之后，因此使用过去完成时态来表示动作的先后顺序。选项A“had she gone”符合倒装结构和时态的要求，故选A。 17. By the time the firemen arrived, the fire ________ by the villagers. A. is controlled B. had controlled C. was controlled D. had been controlled 【答案】D 【解析】句意：当消防员到达时，火已经被村民们控制住了。考查动词时态和语态。根据“By the time the firemen arrived”可知，消防员到达时，火已经被控制住了，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时，且主语“the fire”和谓语“control”之间是被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态“had been done”，故选D。 18. Hardly ________ the instructions when he began to assemble the furniture. A. had he read B. he had read C. did he read D. he read 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他刚读完说明书就开始组装家具了。考查特殊句型。Hardly...when...是固定句型，意为“一……就……”。当“Hardly”置于句首时，句子需部分倒装，且“Hardly”引导的句子要用过去完成时，“when”引导的句子用一般过去时，故选A。 19. By the time I ________ to the bus stop, the last bus had already left. I had to walk home in the rain. A. get B. was getting C. got D. had got 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当我到达公交车站时，末班车已经离开了。我不得不冒雨走回家。考查动词时态。主句“the last bus had already left”使用了过去完成时，表示“车离开”发生在“我到车站”之前，“By the time”引导的时间状语从句需用一般过去时作为过去的时间参照点，故选C。 20. The elderly painter had to sell his masterpiece ________ his own will, but he determined to buy it back ________ he earned enough money. A. below, if B. over, unless C. against, whenever D. above, when 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这位老画家不得不违背自己的意愿卖掉他的杰作，但他决心无论何时他赚了足够的钱就把它买回来。考查介词和连接副词辨析。below在……下方；if如果；over在……上方/超过；unless除非；against违背；whenever无论何时；above在……上面；when当……时。根据“had to”可知画家是被迫出售，短语“against one’s will”意为“违背某人的意愿”，其他介词无法构成此含义，应填against；第二空，根据句意逻辑，此处表达但凡他赚到足够资金，无论何时都会将画作买回，whenever(无论何时)引导时间状语从句契合语境，故选 C。 二、根据要求进行句型转换(每题2分，满分20分) 1-8题(改为同义句)；9-10题(合并为一句) 1. While Mary was reading in the library, she saw an old friend. Mary saw an old friend ____________ in the library. 【答案】while reading 【解析】句意：玛丽在图书馆看书的时候，看见了一位老朋友。while引导时间状语从句，主从句主语一致时，且从句谓语动词为“be动词+动词-ing”，可省略主语和be动词，简化为while doing结构。 2. I went to bed after I finished my homework last night. I ________ go to bed ________ I finished my homework last night. 【答案】didn’t, until 【解析】原句为一般过去时的时间状语从句的主从复合句，句意是“昨晚，我完成作业后上床睡觉。”，此句的意思是直到我完成作业后才上床睡觉，因此改为同义句，可用“直到……才……”，“until”表示“直到……才……”，“until”的前句是否定句，until的后句是肯定句，时态用一般过去时，同义句的表达是I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework last night，故填didn’t until。 3. It’s 100 years since the Communist Party of China(中国共产党) was founded. 100 years _______________ since the Communist Party of China was founded. 【答案】has passed 【解析】句意：自中国共产党成立以来已经100年了。原句意为“共产党成立以来，100年已经过去了”，since引导的时间状语从句，从句是一般过去时，主句是现在完成时，结构是have/has done，时间“100 years”作主语，作为一个整体概念，用助动词has，动词pass用其过去分词形式。故填has passed。 4. When she heard the good news, she smiled immediately. She smiled ____________ she heard the good news. 【答案】as soon as 【解析】句意：当她听到这个好消息时，她立刻笑了。从原句中when和 immediately可以看出原句有“一听到消息就笑”的意思，可用短语as soon as引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”改写句子，连接前后两个动作。 5. Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us. ____________ we met with difficulties, they came to help us. 【答案】Every time 【解析】句意：每当我们遇到困难时，他们就来帮助我们。whenever表示“每当”，引导时间状语从句，此时可替换为every time“每当”，首字母大写，故填Every；time。 6. They joined the swimming club two years ago. It ________ two years ________ they joined the swimming club. 【答案】has been/is, since 【解析】句意：他们两年前加入了游泳俱乐部。改为同义句时可表示“他们加入游泳俱乐部已有两年了。”，用“It has been/is+时间段+since引导的时间状语从句”句型来表示，故填has been/is, since。 7. I must read a book before I watch TV. I must read a book before ____________. 【答案】watching TV 【解析】句意：我必须在看电视之前读一本书。原句before是连词，引导时间状语从句，改写句中before可以用作介词，后接动名词作宾语，故填watching TV。 8. Try to avoid drinking too much tea before going to bed. Try to avoid drinking too much tea before ____________  to bed. 【答案】you go 【解析】句意：睡觉前尽量避免喝太多茶。原句中“before going to bed”为before(介词)+动词-ing的结构，根据该句要求改为同义句，before在……之前(连接副词)，要接完整的句子，故要补充主语you，动词要用原形go，故填you go。 9. I was about to go up to my office. At that time I decided to get a coffee first. I was about to go up to my office ________ I decided to get a coffee first. 【答案】when 【解析】句意：我正要上楼去办公室，这时突然决定先去买杯咖啡。根据原句意思可知当说话者决定先买咖啡的时候正打算去办公室，用“was about to do ... when ... did ...”句型，故填when。 10. She was cooking in the kitchen. The telephone rang. ___________________________________________ 【答案】She was cooking in the kitchen when the telephone rang. 【解析】句意：她正在厨房做饭的时候。电话响了。前半句“She was cooking”为过去进行时(延续性动作)，后半句“The telephone rang”为一般过去时(短暂性动作)。此处when引导时间状语从句，强调“一个动作正在进行时，另一个动作突然发生”，符合“延续性动作+when+短暂性动作”的固定结构，故填She was cooking in the kitchen when the telephone rang. 三、单句语法填空(每题1分，满分10分) 1. When the earthquake ________(strike), many people were having dinner. 【答案】struck 【解析】句意：当地震袭来时，许多人正在享用晚餐。句子中when引导时间状语从句，主句“many people were having dinner”使用了过去进行时，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。在这种情况下，从句描述的是一个短暂性动作，即地震发生这个瞬间动作，所以从句要用一般过去时。strike的过去式为struck，故填struck。 2. I ________(not believe)it until I ________(see)it with my own eyes. 【答案】won’t believe, see 【解析】句意：直到亲眼看见，我才会相信这件事。 本句由until引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”语法规则；括号内单词为believe动词原形，需按时态变形，主句主语为I，一般将来时的否定结构是won’t+动词原形，从句主语为I，一般现在时中动词使用原形see，故填won’t believe, see。 3. ________ Marie moved to the new neighbourhood, she has made a lot of new friends. 【答案】Since 【解析】句意：自从Marie搬到新社区以来，她已经交了很多新朋友。主句“has made”为现在完成时，从句“moved”为一般过去时，此处需用Since引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”，置于句首首字母大写，故填Since。 4. ________ the morning sun rises in the sky, it gives off a strong light. 【答案】When/If 【解析】句意：当早晨的太阳从天空升起时，它发出强烈的光/如果早晨的太阳从天上升起，它会发出强烈的光。空格前后都是结构及句意完整的句子，空处需要补充连词来连接主句和从句。前半句“the morning sun rises in the sky”可以是后半句“it gives off a strong light”发生的时间，也可以是条件，因此可用when引导时间状语从句，或者用if引导条件状语从句，句首首字母要大写，故填When/If。 5. The students were excited ________ they saw the amazing puppet show. 【答案】when/because 【解析】句意：当学生们看到精彩的木偶戏时，他们都很兴奋。/学生们很兴奋，因为他们看到了精彩的木偶戏。空格前后都是结构及句意完整的句子，空处需要补充连词来连接主句和从句；后半句“they saw the amazing puppet show”可以是前半句“The students were excited”发生的时间，也可以是原因，因此用when引导时间状语从句，或者用because引导原因状语从句，故填when/because。 6. Kids usually become more responsible ________ they get older. 【答案】as/when 【解析】句意：随着年龄的增长/当孩子们长大时，他们通常会变得更有责任感。分析句子结构可知，空后为一个时间状语从句“they get older”，空格处需填入连词以引导该从句。连词as引导时间状语从句时表示“随着”，指一个动作或状态随另一个动作或状态的变化而发生变化。本句中从句的“get older”与主句的“become more responsible”均为并行的渐变过程，可以填入as；连词when引导时间状语从句时表示“当……时”，强调在某个时间段或阶段。使用when表示“当他们长大时”，同样符合语法，故填as/when。 7. She learned several local dishes while ________(travel)abroad. 【答案】travelling/traveling 【解析】句意：她在国外旅行时，学会了几道当地菜。“while+现在分词”结构可用于省略“主语+be动词”的情况，此处主语she与travel是主动关系，所以用travel的现在分词形式，故填travelling/traveling。 8. The students kept quiet ________ the teacher ________(enter)the classroom. 【答案】when, entered 【解析】句意：当老师走进教室时，学生们安静了下来。enter意为“进入”，此处为when引导的时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”；主句动词kept是一般过去时，从句时态保持一致，enter变过去式entered，故填when, entered。第一空填as/after语法同样成立。 9. By the time I ________(get)up, my brother had already gotten in the shower. 【答案】got 【解析】句意：当我起床的时候，我的哥哥已经在洗澡了。by the time表示“到……时候为止”，引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般过去时，主句要用过去完成时，表示截止到从句动作发生时，主句动作已完成，即过去的过去。从句的一般过去时态中，get变为过去式，故填got。 10. We cleaned the classroom before we ________(leave)school yesterday. 【答案】left 【解析】句意：昨天我们离开学校前打扫了教室。此句为before引导的时间状语从句，根据“yesterday”可知，从句为一般过去时，用leave的过去式，故填left。 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $