Unit 4 课时1 Section A 1a-1d（分层作业）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 本同步练习以“巩固-进阶-拔高”三层设计为核心，通过词汇夯实、句型应用到语篇综合的递进路径，适配新授课语言能力培养与思维品质提升需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组 巩固过关|核心词汇（如cheetah、moss）、基础句型（最高级表达）|以单词拼写、单项选择为主，直接对应课时基础目标，强化语言能力基础| |B组 能力进阶|词汇辨析（形容词原级与最高级）、情景对话|通过选词填空、补全对话，实现从单一知识点到语境应用的过渡，培养语言运用能力| |C组 思维拔高|语篇理解、逻辑推理|完形填空与阅读理解（如动物特性语篇），融合信息提取与分析推断，提升思维品质与学习能力|

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 课时1 Section A (1a-1d) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 ( 词汇 ________ n. 苔藓 ____________ n. 蓝鲸 ____________ n. 红杉树 ________ n. 猎豹 ___________ adj. 令人惊奇的 ____________ adj. 美丽的 ____ adj. 矮的；短的 ____ adj. 大的 ____ adj./adv. 快的/快地 ________ adj. 重的 ____ adj. 大的 ____ adj. 长的 ____ adj. 年老的；旧的 ______ adj. 小的 ____ adj. 高的 句型 1. ____________________ the blue whale? 蓝鲸有什么令人惊奇的地方？ 2. It's ________________ animal in the world. 它是世界上最大的动物。 ) 一、单词拼写 1．________ (猎豹) are one of the fastest animals. 2．Blue whales are the ________ (large) animals on earth. 3．The redwood tree grows very t________. It can reach over 100 metres. 4．This is really an ________ (amaze) book that I can’t miss. 5．The redwood tree is one of the t________ trees on Earth. 二、单项选择 1．Some redwood trees are more than 2,000 years old. They are very ________. A．young B．old C．new D．long 2．—What’s that green plant on the stone?   —It’s ________. It usually grows in wet places. A．moss B．redwood C．ginkgo D．bamboo 3．Moss is one of the ________ plants on Earth. A．small B．smaller C．smallest D．the smallest 4．Redwood trees are very ________. They can grow over 100 metres. A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．most tall 5．Moss is ________, but it can grow almost anywhere. A．small B．smaller C．smallest D．the smallest 三、完成句子 1．蓝鲸是世界上最重的动物。   The blue whale is the ________ animal in the world. 2．乌龟移动得很慢，而兔子很快。   A turtle moves ________, but a rabbit is ________. 3．the, fastest, cheetah, runs, earth, on. (连词成句) __________________________________________________ 4．苔藓很小，但很美丽。   Moss is ________, but it is ________. 5．武汉是中国最著名的城市之一。 Wuhan is ________ ________ the most famous ________ in China. 一、选词填空 选用方框中的形容词或最高级填空 heaviest | largest | tallest | fastest | oldest | beautiful | small | fast 1．The blue whale is the animal in the world. It can weigh over 200 tons. 2．A cheetah is the land animal. It can run very quickly. 3．Redwood trees are the . They can grow over 100 metres. 4．A giant tortoise can live for more than 100 years. It is one of the animals. 5．Moss is , but it can grow almost anywhere. 6．The blue whale is also the animal by size. 7．A cheetah is , but a turtle is slow. 8．A sunflower is . It has bright yellow petals. 二、补全对话 A: Look at these pictures. 1 B: The blue whale is the largest animal in the world. A: 2 B: It can weigh up to 200,000 kilograms. A: Wow! That’s really heavy. 3 B: It’s the cheetah. It’s the fastest land animal. A: 4 B: It can run up to 120 kilometres per hour. A: That’s amazing! 5 B: The redwood tree is one of the tallest trees on Earth. A: How tall is it? B: It can reach over 100 metres. A．What about the cheetah? B．What’s the heaviest animal? C．How fast can it run? D．What’s amazing about the redwood tree? E．What’s the largest animal in the world? 三、阅读匹配 请阅读下面语篇，根据每段内容，与对应选项匹配，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In the wonderful world of “Zootopia”, the main characters live an interesting life. Their images are based on (基于) different animals. Let’s know some of them together. A．The snake B．The fox C． The sheep D．The horse E. The rabbit 39 It has long ears, bright eyes and a short tail. It is lovely and lively. Its size is small, but it can run fast. 40 It has a long body without feet. It is dangerous in real life, but it is friendly in the film. It likes living in warm and wet places. 41 It is a large animal with long legs. It has short hair on the body and longer hair on the neck. It gets frightened (受惊的) easily. 42 It looks cute with a fat body. Its soft hair keeps it warm on cold days. In the film, it uses its hair to make a sofa. In real life, its hair can be used to make scarves and clothes. 43 It has orange fur and a fluffy (毛发蓬松的) tail. It is clever and has good hearing. In real life, it eats small animals like mice and insects. It is usually active (活跃的) at night. 一、完形填空 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案。 Nature is interesting. In our world, there are mountains and there are also deserts. There are plants and there are animals, too. Some animals are very 1 , such as elephants. Some animals are tall, such as horses. Some animals are small, such as 2 . Some live in the forests. And some live in the 3 , such as blue whales. Some people keep animals as pets at their homes. Some animals are very cute and 4 . Monkeys often come to people to ask for food. They like to eat bananas, 5 , oranges and other fruit. Some animals are lovely, such as pandas. Pandas don’t walk fast, but they can 6 trees very well. Elephants can take up 7 babies with their long noses. Some animals are very helpful. They can do lots of things for people. Some dogs can guard (守卫) 8 for people. Elephants can help people do some hard 9 . Even some small birds can sing beautiful songs to 10 people happy. Most animals are friendly to people. They are our friends, so we must do our best to protect them. 1．A．big B．small C．long 2．A．cheetahs B．ants C．lions 3．A．room B．mountain C．ocean 4．A．interesting B．strong C．quiet 5．A．rice B．vegetables C．apples 6．A．bring B．plant C．climb 7．A．his B．her C．their 8．A．parks B．zoos C．houses 9．A．study B．work C．walk 10．A．make B．take C．help 二、阅读理解 （A） The blue whale is the largest animal on Earth. It is even larger than the biggest dinosaurs. A blue whale can grow up to 30 metres long and weigh as much as 200,000 kilograms. Its heart is as big as a small car. The cheetah is the fastest land animal. It can run up to 120 kilometres per hour. It can go from 0 to 100 kilometres per hour in just three seconds. The redwood tree is one of the tallest trees in the world. Some redwood trees are over 100 metres tall. They can live for more than 2,000 years. Moss is a very small plant. It grows on rocks, trees, and the ground. It looks like a green carpet. Moss is very soft and beautiful. 1．How long can a blue whale grow? A．Up to 20 metres. B．Up to 30 metres. C．Up to 100 metres. D．Up to 200 metres. 2．How fast can a cheetah run? A．100 kilometres per hour. B．120 kilometres per hour. C．200 kilometres per hour. D．30 kilometres per hour. 3．How long can redwood trees live? A．More than 100 years. B．More than 500 years. C．More than 1,000 years. D．More than 2,000 years. 4．Where does moss grow? A．Only on rocks. B．Only on trees. C．On rocks, trees, and the ground. D．Only on the ground. 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The blue whale is the fastest animal. B．The cheetah is the largest animal. C．The redwood tree is one of the tallest trees. D．Moss is a very large plant. （B） You may not know their name, but you’ve probably seen photos of them swimming in hot springs online. They’re called capybaras (卡皮巴拉), a kind of cute animal with some amazing facts. They are big. As the world’s largest rodents (啮齿动物), adult capybaras can weigh up to 50kg. They are as heavy as some humans! They can be up to 130cm tall. Although they are fat, they can swim fast at a speed of up to 35 km/h. They love water. Capybaras spend a lot of time in water. Their special feet help them move quickly through water, and they can also stay underwater for up to five minutes at a time. Capybaras like to sleep in water to avoid (避免) getting sunburnt. They have an unusual diet. Capybaras love to eat hard grasses, which need to be chewed (咀嚼) many times. To finish the long chewing, capybaras’ teeth never stop growing. Capybaras also eat their own waste. They do this because the grasses they eat are too hard to digest (消化). By eating its waste, a capybara can get useful bacteria (细菌) into its stomach to help it digest food. It’s clear that capybaras are valuable to humans. Whether they’re online or at your local zoo, these cute friends are sure to make you smile at them. 6．What can we know about capybaras according to Paragraph 2? A．They are the largest animals. B．They are light in weight C．They are as tall as an adult. D．They are good swimmers. 7．How do capybaras stay away from the hot sun? A．By swimming fast. B．By sleeping in water. C．By staying under the rocks. D．By spending time in the forest. 8．Why do capybaras eat their own waste? A．Because it is better for their teeth. B．Because it takes less time to chew. C．Because it can help them to digest. D．Because it is softer than grasses. 9．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2,... ). A． B． C． D． 10．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell us some useful ways to protect capybaras. B．To show us some amazing facts about capybaras. C．To tell us different dangers capybaras are facing. D．To show us the most valuable animal in the world. ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 课时1 Section A (1a-1d) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 ( 词汇 moss n. 苔藓 blue whale n. 蓝鲸 redwood tree n. 红杉树 cheetah n. 猎豹 amazing adj. 令人惊奇的 beautiful adj. 美丽的 short adj. 矮的；短的 big adj. 大的 fast adj./adv. 快的/快地 heavy adj. 重的 large adj. 大的 long adj. 长的 old adj. 年老的；旧的 small adj. 小的 tall adj. 高的 句型 1. What's amazing about the blue whale? 蓝鲸有什么令人惊奇的地方？ 2. It's the largest / biggest animal in the world. 它是世界上最大的动物。 ) 一、单词拼写 1．________ (猎豹) are one of the fastest animals. 【答案】Cheetahs 【详解】句意：猎豹是最快的动物之一。cheetah“猎豹”，可数名词；结合“are”可知，此处应用复数名词是cheetahs作主语，位于句首，首字母要大写。 2．Blue whales are the ________ (large) animals on earth. 【答案】largest 【详解】句意：蓝鲸是地球上最大的动物。large“大的”，形容词，修饰名词animals；由“the”和“on earth”可知是三者以上比较，用最高级largest。 3．The redwood tree grows very t________. It can reach over 100 metres. 【答案】tall/all 【详解】句意：红杉树长得很高。它可以超过100米。空格前有very，空后提到“can reach over 100 metres”，说明描述的是树木的高度；首字母提示为t，tall符合语义。very tall作系表结构，表示“长得非常高”。 4．This is really an ________ (amaze) book that I can’t miss. 【答案】 amazing 【详解】句意：这真是一本令人惊叹的书，我不能错过。空格修饰名词book，需要形容词，amaze的形容词形式amazing意为“令人惊叹的”，用来形容事物。 5．The redwood tree is one of the t________ trees on Earth. 【答案】tallest/allest 【详解】句意：红杉树是地球上最高的树木之一。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语修饰复数名词“trees”。根据主语“The redwood tree”以及常识可知，红杉树是地球上高度极为惊人的植物，此处提示语义与“高的”相关；空前有固定结构“one of the”，表明此处需使用形容词最高级形式。结合首字母“t”，故填tallest。 二、单项选择 1．Some redwood trees are more than 2,000 years old. They are very ________. A．young B．old C．new D．long 【答案】B 【详解】句意：一些红杉树已经有 2000 多年的历史了。它们非常古老。 young年轻的；old老的，古老的；new新的；long长的。根据前句“Some redwood trees are more than 2,000 years old.”可知树龄超过两千年，说明它们很古老。 2．—What’s that green plant on the stone?   —It’s ________. It usually grows in wet places. A．moss B．redwood C．ginkgo D．bamboo 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——石头上的绿色植物是什么？——它是苔藓。它通常生长在潮湿的地方。 考查名词辨析。moss苔藓；redwood红木；ginkgo银杏；bamboo竹子。根据“It usually grows in wet places.”可知，苔藓符合潮湿生长环境的特点。故选A。 3．Moss is one of the ________ plants on Earth. A．small B．smaller C．smallest D．the smallest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：苔藓是地球上最小的植物之一。 small小的；smaller更小的；smallest最小的；the smallest最小的。根据“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”结构，表示“最……之一”；题干中空格前已有定冠词“the”，因此空格处只需填最高级形式“smallest”，无需再加“the”。 4．Redwood trees are very ________. They can grow over 100 metres. A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．most tall 【答案】A 【详解】句意：红杉树非常高。它们能长到100多米。 tall高的；taller更高的；tallest最高的；most tall最高的（错误形式）。根据“very”，修饰形容词原级，且句中无比较对象，不需要用比较级或最高级，应用tall。 5．Moss is ________, but it can grow almost anywhere. A．small B．smaller C．smallest D．the smallest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：苔藓体型小，但它几乎可以在任何地方生长。 small小的（原级）；smaller更小的（比较级）；smallest最小的（最高级）；the smallest最小的（最高级）。根据句意可知，此处只是陈述苔藓体型小的特征，并没有将苔藓与其他事物进行比较，也不表示“最”小的含义，需使用形容词原级。故填small。 三、完成句子 1．蓝鲸是世界上最重的动物。   The blue whale is the ________ animal in the world. 【答案】heaviest 【详解】原句中“最重的”是关键词，对应形容词heavy的最高级heaviest，且定冠词the后面要接形容词最高级，因此填heaviest。 2．乌龟移动得很慢，而兔子很快。   A turtle moves ________, but a rabbit is ________. 【答案】 slowly fast 【详解】原句中“慢”，“快”是关键词，表示“慢”的单词是slowly，表示“快”的单词是fast。第一空空前为moves，是实义动词，需用副词修饰，应填slowly。第二空空前为is，是系动词，后接形容词作表语，应填fast。故填slowly；fast。 3．the, fastest, cheetah, runs, earth, on. (连词成句) __________________________________________________ 【答案】The cheetah runs fastest on earth. 【详解】根据所给单词和句号可知，本句表达“猎豹是地球上跑得最快的动物”，一般现在时，the cheetah“猎豹”作主语；runs“跑”作谓语；fastest“最快地”作状语；on earth“在地球上”作地点状语。 4．苔藓很小，但很美丽。   Moss is ________, but it is ________. 【答案】 small beautiful 【详解】原句中“小”和“美丽的”是关键词，表示“小”的单词是“small”，在句中作表语，表示“漂亮的”的单词是“beautiful”，在句中作表语。故填small；beautiful。 5．武汉是中国最著名的城市之一。 Wuhan is ________ ________ the most famous ________ in China. 【答案】 one of cities 【详解】原句中“最……的城市之一”是关键词，表示“最……的……之一”的英文是“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”，表示“城市”的英文是city，复数形式是cities。 一、选词填空 选用方框中的形容词或最高级填空 heaviest | largest | tallest | fastest | oldest | beautiful | small | fast 1．The blue whale is the animal in the world. It can weigh over 200 tons. 2．A cheetah is the land animal. It can run very quickly. 3．Redwood trees are the . They can grow over 100 metres. 4．A giant tortoise can live for more than 100 years. It is one of the animals. 5．Moss is , but it can grow almost anywhere. 6．The blue whale is also the animal by size. 7．A cheetah is , but a turtle is slow. 8．A sunflower is . It has bright yellow petals. 【答案】1．heaviest 2．fastest 3．tallest 4．oldest 5．small 6．largest 7．fast 8．beautiful 【详解】1．句意：蓝鲸是世界上最重的动物。它的重量可以超过200吨。根据后文“weigh over 200 tons”重达200多吨，可知此处指重量，且前面有定冠词the，需用最高级，方框中heaviest“最重的”，符合语境。 2．句意：猎豹是最快的陆地动物。它可以跑得很快。根据后文“run very quickly”跑得非常快，可知指速度，且前面有the，需用最高级，方框中fastest“最快的”，符合语境。 3．句意：红杉树是最高的。它们可以长到100米以上。根据后文“grow over 100 metres”长到 100 多米，可知指高度，且前面有the，需用最高级，方框中tallest“最高的”，符合语境。 4．句意：一只巨龟可以活100多年。它是寿命最长的动物之一。根据前文“live for more than 100 years”活100多年，可知指寿命，结构“one of the+最高级”表示“最……之一”，方框中oldest“最老的；寿命最长的”，符合语境。 5．句意：苔藓是小的，但它几乎能在任何地方生长。此处需填形容词原级，方框剩余原级形容词为beautiful, small和fast，结合语境排除fast，beautiful不能表示转折关系，排除。苔藓很小，small符合语境。 6．句意：蓝鲸按体型算最大的动物。指体型大小size，且前面有the，需用最高级，方框中largest最大的，符合语境。 7．句意：猎豹是快的，但乌龟很慢。根据转折连词but和后文slow慢的，可知此处指快的，且无 the，需用原级，方框中fast快的，符合语境。 8．句意：向日葵是美丽的。它有明亮的黄色花瓣。此处需填形容词原级。剩余选项为beautiful。向日葵植株美丽，填beautiful美丽的，符合事实及语法。 二、补全对话 A: Look at these pictures. 1 B: The blue whale is the largest animal in the world. A: 2 B: It can weigh up to 200,000 kilograms. A: Wow! That’s really heavy. 3 B: It’s the cheetah. It’s the fastest land animal. A: 4 B: It can run up to 120 kilometres per hour. A: That’s amazing! 5 B: The redwood tree is one of the tallest trees on Earth. A: How tall is it? B: It can reach over 100 metres. A．What about the cheetah? B．What’s the heaviest animal? C．How fast can it run? D．What’s amazing about the redwood tree? E．What’s the largest animal in the world? 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一段A与B围绕蓝鲸、猎豹、红杉树的不同“世界之最”相关信息展开的问答对话。 【详解】1．根据下文答语“The blue whale is the largest animal in the world.”可知，此处询问的是世界上最大的动物是什么，选项E“What’s the largest animal in the world?”符合语境。 2．根据下文答语“It can weigh up to 200,000 kilograms.”可知，此处询问的是关于重量的问题，选项B“What’s the heaviest animal?”与关键词weigh对应。 3．根据下文答语“It's the cheetah.”可知，此处话题转换到了猎豹，选项A“What about the cheetah?”符合上下文逻辑。 4．根据下文答语“It can run up to 120 kilometres per hour.”可知，此处询问的是速度，选项C“How fast can it run?”符合语境。 5．根据下文答语“The redwood tree is one of the tallest trees on Earth.”可知，此处询问的是关于红杉树的内容，选项D“What’s amazing about the redwood tree?”符合语境。 三、阅读匹配 请阅读下面语篇，根据每段内容，与对应选项匹配，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In the wonderful world of “Zootopia”, the main characters live an interesting life. Their images are based on (基于) different animals. Let’s know some of them together. A．The snake B．The fox C． The sheep D．The horse E. The rabbit 39 It has long ears, bright eyes and a short tail. It is lovely and lively. Its size is small, but it can run fast. 40 It has a long body without feet. It is dangerous in real life, but it is friendly in the film. It likes living in warm and wet places. 41 It is a large animal with long legs. It has short hair on the body and longer hair on the neck. It gets frightened (受惊的) easily. 42 It looks cute with a fat body. Its soft hair keeps it warm on cold days. In the film, it uses its hair to make a sofa. In real life, its hair can be used to make scarves and clothes. 43 It has orange fur and a fluffy (毛发蓬松的) tail. It is clever and has good hearing. In real life, it eats small animals like mice and insects. It is usually active (活跃的) at night. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】图文匹配题，根据段落外形、特征描述匹配对应的动物。 【详解】1．根据“It has long ears, bright eyes and a short tail…can run fast.”可知描述的动物长耳朵、短尾巴，是兔子，选E选项The rabbit。 2．根据“It has a long body without feet.”可知描述的动物身体长、没有脚，是蛇，选A选项The snake。 3．根据“It is a large animal with long legs…longer hair on the neck.”可知描述的动物长腿、颈部长毛，是马，选D选项The horse。 4．根据“Its soft hair…hair can be used to make scarves and clothes.”可知描述的动物毛发柔软，羊毛可制作衣物，是绵羊，选C选项The sheep。 5．根据“It has orange fur and a fluffy tail. It is clever.”可知描述的动物橘色皮毛、蓬松大尾巴、聪明，是狐狸，选B选项The fox。 一、完形填空 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案。 Nature is interesting. In our world, there are mountains and there are also deserts. There are plants and there are animals, too. Some animals are very 1 , such as elephants. Some animals are tall, such as horses. Some animals are small, such as 2 . Some live in the forests. And some live in the 3 , such as blue whales. Some people keep animals as pets at their homes. Some animals are very cute and 4 . Monkeys often come to people to ask for food. They like to eat bananas, 5 , oranges and other fruit. Some animals are lovely, such as pandas. Pandas don’t walk fast, but they can 6 trees very well. Elephants can take up 7 babies with their long noses. Some animals are very helpful. They can do lots of things for people. Some dogs can guard (守卫) 8 for people. Elephants can help people do some hard 9 . Even some small birds can sing beautiful songs to 10 people happy. Most animals are friendly to people. They are our friends, so we must do our best to protect them. 1．A．big B．small C．long 2．A．cheetahs B．ants C．lions 3．A．room B．mountain C．ocean 4．A．interesting B．strong C．quiet 5．A．rice B．vegetables C．apples 6．A．bring B．plant C．climb 7．A．his B．her C．their 8．A．parks B．zoos C．houses 9．A．study B．work C．walk 10．A．make B．take C．help 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文介绍自然界中形态、栖息环境各不相同的动物，描写了多种动物的生活习性与对人类的帮助，最后呼吁人类保护动物、善待动物朋友。 【详解】1．句意：有些动物体型很大，比如大象。 后文举例大象，对应体型庞大的描述，big“大的”符合语境，small“小的”、long“长的”均不符。 2．句意：有些动物体型很小，比如蚂蚁。 前文提示small小型动物，ants“蚂蚁”是微型动物，cheetahs“猎豹”、lions“狮子”均体型偏大，不符。 3．句意：还有一些生活在海洋里，比如蓝鲸。 蓝鲸栖息于海洋，ocean“海洋”符合语境，room“房间”、mountain“山脉”均不符。 4．句意：有些动物十分可爱又有趣。 后文猴子主动找人要食物，体现动物十分有意思，interesting“有趣的”符合语境，strong“强壮的”、quiet“安静的”均不符。 5．句意：它们喜欢吃香蕉、苹果、橙子和其他水果。 空格前后均为水果，apples“苹果”属于水果，rice“米饭”、vegetables“蔬菜”均不符。 6．句意：熊猫走得不快，但它们很擅长爬树。 熊猫标志性技能为爬树，climb“攀爬”符合语境，bring“带来”、plant“种植”均不符。 7．句意：大象能用长长的鼻子卷起它们的幼崽。 主语elephants是复数，对应形容词性物主代词their“它们的”，his“他的”、her“她的”均不符。 8．句意：一些狗狗可以帮人们看守房屋。 狗的常见作用是看家，houses“房屋”符合语境，parks“公园”、zoos“动物园”均不符。 9．句意：大象能帮助人们做一些繁重的工作。 大象可承担重体力劳作，work“工作”符合语境，study“学习”、walk“走路”均不符。 10．句意：甚至一些小鸟能唱出动听的歌，让人们开心。 固定搭配make sb. happy意为使某人开心，make“使、让”符合语境，take“带走”、help“帮助”均不符。 二、阅读理解 （A） The blue whale is the largest animal on Earth. It is even larger than the biggest dinosaurs. A blue whale can grow up to 30 metres long and weigh as much as 200,000 kilograms. Its heart is as big as a small car. The cheetah is the fastest land animal. It can run up to 120 kilometres per hour. It can go from 0 to 100 kilometres per hour in just three seconds. The redwood tree is one of the tallest trees in the world. Some redwood trees are over 100 metres tall. They can live for more than 2,000 years. Moss is a very small plant. It grows on rocks, trees, and the ground. It looks like a green carpet. Moss is very soft and beautiful. 1．How long can a blue whale grow? A．Up to 20 metres. B．Up to 30 metres. C．Up to 100 metres. D．Up to 200 metres. 2．How fast can a cheetah run? A．100 kilometres per hour. B．120 kilometres per hour. C．200 kilometres per hour. D．30 kilometres per hour. 3．How long can redwood trees live? A．More than 100 years. B．More than 500 years. C．More than 1,000 years. D．More than 2,000 years. 4．Where does moss grow? A．Only on rocks. B．Only on trees. C．On rocks, trees, and the ground. D．Only on the ground. 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The blue whale is the fastest animal. B．The cheetah is the largest animal. C．The redwood tree is one of the tallest trees. D．Moss is a very large plant. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了蓝鲸、猎豹、红杉树和苔藓这几种生物的特点，展现了自然界不同生物的奇妙之处。 【详解】1．第三句提到“A blue whale can grow up to 30 metres long…”，蓝鲸可以长到30米长。 2．第六句提到“It can run up to 120 kilometres per hour”，猎豹奔跑的速度可达每小时120公里。 3．第十句提到“They can live for more than 2,000 years”，红杉树可以存活超过2000年。 4．倒数第三句提到“It grows on rocks, trees, and the ground”，苔藓生长在岩石、树木和地面上。 5．第八句提到“The redwood tree is one of the tallest trees in the world”，红杉树是世界最高的树种之一。 （B） You may not know their name, but you’ve probably seen photos of them swimming in hot springs online. They’re called capybaras (卡皮巴拉), a kind of cute animal with some amazing facts. They are big. As the world’s largest rodents (啮齿动物), adult capybaras can weigh up to 50kg. They are as heavy as some humans! They can be up to 130cm tall. Although they are fat, they can swim fast at a speed of up to 35 km/h. They love water. Capybaras spend a lot of time in water. Their special feet help them move quickly through water, and they can also stay underwater for up to five minutes at a time. Capybaras like to sleep in water to avoid (避免) getting sunburnt. They have an unusual diet. Capybaras love to eat hard grasses, which need to be chewed (咀嚼) many times. To finish the long chewing, capybaras’ teeth never stop growing. Capybaras also eat their own waste. They do this because the grasses they eat are too hard to digest (消化). By eating its waste, a capybara can get useful bacteria (细菌) into its stomach to help it digest food. It’s clear that capybaras are valuable to humans. Whether they’re online or at your local zoo, these cute friends are sure to make you smile at them. 6．What can we know about capybaras according to Paragraph 2? A．They are the largest animals. B．They are light in weight C．They are as tall as an adult. D．They are good swimmers. 7．How do capybaras stay away from the hot sun? A．By swimming fast. B．By sleeping in water. C．By staying under the rocks. D．By spending time in the forest. 8．Why do capybaras eat their own waste? A．Because it is better for their teeth. B．Because it takes less time to chew. C．Because it can help them to digest. D．Because it is softer than grasses. 9．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2,... ). A． B． C． D． 10．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell us some useful ways to protect capybaras. B．To show us some amazing facts about capybaras. C．To tell us different dangers capybaras are facing. D．To show us the most valuable animal in the world. 【答案】6．D 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了卡皮巴拉（水豚）的几种有趣特性，包括体型大小、游泳能力、爱水的习性、独特的饮食方式以及它们对人类的价值。 【详解】6．第二段提到：“Although they are fat, they can swim fast at a speed of up to 35 km/h.”以及它们能在水中快速游动，直接说明卡皮巴拉是优秀的游泳者。 7．第三段最后一句指出：“Capybaras like to sleep in water to avoid (避免) getting sunburnt.”明确说明它们通过在水中睡觉来避免晒伤。 8．第四段解释：“By eating its waste, a capybara can get useful bacteria (细菌) into its stomach to help it digest food.”说明这样做有助于消化。 9．本文结构为：第一段总体介绍卡皮巴拉并引出话题；第二段介绍体型和游泳能力；第三段介绍爱水习性；第四段介绍饮食方式；第五段总结其对人类的价值。文章遵循“总—分—总”结构，即第1段总起，第2—4段分述不同方面，第5段总结，选项中符合这一结构的为C。 10．通读全文可知，文章第一段引出话题“a kind of cute animal with some amazing facts”（一种有着惊人事实的可爱动物），随后几段分别从体型、习性、饮食等方面介绍了关于水豚的具体事实，最后一段总结其对人类的价值。因此文章的主要目的是展示关于水豚的一些惊人事实。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 课时1 Section A (1a-1d) 分层作业 参考答案 核心知识速记 词汇：moss,blue whale,redwood tree,cheetah,amazing,beautiful,short,big,fast,heavy,large,long,old,small,tall 句型：1. What's amazing about 2. the largest / biggest 一、单词拼写 1．Cheetahs 2．largest 3．tall/all 4．amazing 5．tallest/allest 二、单项选择 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．A 三、完成句子 1．heaviest 2．slowly fast 3．The cheetah runs fastest on earth. 4． small beautiful 5．one of cities 一、选词填空 1．heaviest 2．fastest 3．tallest 4．oldest 5．small 6．largest 7．fast 8．beautiful 二、补全对话 1．E 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 三、阅读匹配 1．E 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 一、完形填空 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．A 二、阅读理解 （A）1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．C （B）6．D 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．B ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $