第15卷 阅读理解+英汉互译-【2027版】黑龙江省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦阅读理解与英汉互译高频考点，以生活化语篇为载体，通过限时训练提升语言理解与表达能力，逻辑清晰且贴合春季高考命题趋势。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|15题（3篇短文）|细节理解、主旨归纳等选择题|语篇主题贴近生活，考查信息提取与逻辑分析能力| |英汉互译|10题（5英5汉）|基础句型及常用表达翻译|覆盖简单句与复合句，强化语言转换与准确表达|

编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为阅读理解+英汉互译训练高频考点训练，难度由易到难，适合限时检测。 【2027版】黑龙江省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第15卷 阅读理解+英汉互译 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题4分，共60分。） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Passage A Last month, our class visited a small hotel for a job shadowing activity. We followed workers and watched how they served guests. Before entering the front hall, the manager told us to speak softly, smile naturally and never touch guests' things without permission. I followed a receptionist named Sara. At eight thirty, a traveler came in with a tired face. Sara checked his booking, explained breakfast time and showed him the elevator. She spoke slowly because the traveler was not familiar with the city. Her words were simple, but they made the guest feel welcome. Later, we visited the laundry room and the kitchen. The work there was busy and hot. Workers checked towels, cleaned tables and prepared dishes quickly. I noticed that every job needed teamwork. If one person forgot a step, others would have more trouble. The visit changed my idea about hotel work. It is not only about clean rooms. It also needs communication, careful records and respect for different guests. Good service can make travelers feel safe after a long trip. It can also make a hotel look more reliable and warm. The manager said that small details often decide whether guests want to return. I wrote these points in my career notebook after returning to school. 1. Where did the class visit? A. A small hotel B. A bus factory C. A city museum D. A book shop 2. What did the manager tell students to do? A. Touch guests’ bags B. Cook breakfast C. Clean bedrooms alone D. Speak softly 3. Why did Sara speak slowly? A. The hall was noisy B. She forgot the booking C. The traveler was new to the city D. The elevator was broken 4. What did the writer notice in busy rooms? A. Workers had much free time B. Every job needed teamwork C. Guests cooked dishes D. Records were useless 5. What did the visit change? A. The hotel rules B. The breakfast menu C. The school timetable D. The writer’s idea about hotel work 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. D 【导语】本文讲述学生参加酒店职业体验活动，认识到酒店工作需要沟通、记录、团队合作和尊重。 【详解】1. 考查细节理解。根据第一段“our class visited a small hotel（我们班参观了一家小旅馆）”可知，班级参观地点是小旅馆。A选项A small hotel意为“小旅馆”；B选项A bus factory意为“公交工厂”；C选项A city museum意为“城市博物馆”；D选项A book shop意为“书店”。故选A。 2. 考查细节理解。根据第一段“speak softly, smile naturally（轻声说话，自然微笑）”可知，经理要求学生轻声说话。A选项Touch guests’ bags意为“触碰客人包”；B选项Cook breakfast意为“做早餐”；C选项Clean bedrooms alone意为“独自打扫卧室”；D选项Speak softly意为“轻声说话”。故选D。 3. 考查细节理解。根据第二段“She spoke slowly because the traveler was not familiar with the city.（她说得慢，因为旅客不熟悉这座城市。）”可知，Sara放慢语速是为了帮助不熟悉城市的旅客。A选项The hall was noisy意为“大厅很吵”；B选项She forgot the booking意为“她忘了预订”；C选项The traveler was new to the city意为“旅客不熟悉城市”；D选项The elevator was broken意为“电梯坏了”。故选C。 4. 考查细节理解。根据第三段“I noticed that every job needed teamwork.（我注意到每项工作都需要团队合作。）”可知，作者认识到酒店后台也需要团队合作。A选项Workers had much free time意为“工人有很多空闲”；B选项Every job needed teamwork意为“每项工作都需要团队合作”；C选项Guests cooked dishes意为“客人做菜”；D选项Records were useless意为“记录没用”。故选B。 5. 考查细节理解。根据第四段“The visit changed my idea about hotel work.（这次参观改变了我对酒店工作的看法。）”可知，改变的是作者对酒店工作的认识。A选项The hotel rules意为“酒店规则”；B选项The breakfast menu意为“早餐菜单”；C选项The school timetable意为“学校时间表”；D选项The writer’s idea about hotel work意为“作者对酒店工作的看法”。故选D。 Passage B Beside a busy road near our school, there is a small rain garden. It does not look special at first. There are stones, grass and several kinds of flowers. However, it plays an important role when heavy rain comes in summer. Rainwater from the road used to run quickly into the drain and carry dust with it. Now the garden slows the water down. Stones and soil hold part of the water, and plants take in some of it. Cleaner water then moves slowly into the drain. The garden also gives students a living science lesson. Our biology teacher often takes us there after rain. We measure the depth of water, watch insects and record plant changes. Sometimes we compare the water level near the road with that under the grass. These simple tasks help us understand how nature can work with city design. Some students volunteer to pick up rubbish near the garden every Friday. They say the place reminds them that environmental protection can begin with a small corner. Their notes are later shared in class, and some ideas are used to improve the school yard. The science club plans to add a small sign to explain how the garden works. A road, a garden and a class can be connected in a useful way. 6. Where is the rain garden? A. Beside a busy road B. Inside a library C. Behind a factory D. On a bridge 7. What did rainwater use to carry into the drain? A. Leaves only B. Dust C. Fresh milk D. Clean paper 8. What do stones and soil do? A. Make loud sounds B. Stop all plants C. Heat the road D. Hold part of the water 9. Which subject uses the garden for lessons? A. History B. Music C. Biology D. Math 10. What is the main idea of the passage? A. A garden can help city water and learning B. Roads should have no plants C. Students dislike outdoor lessons D. Heavy rain is always harmless 【答案】6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A 【导语】本文介绍学校附近雨水花园的环保功能及其作为生物学习场景的价值。 【详解】6. 考查细节理解。根据第一段“Beside a busy road near our school（在我们学校附近一条繁忙道路旁）”可知，雨水花园位于学校附近道路旁。A选项Beside a busy road意为“繁忙道路旁”；B选项Inside a library意为“图书馆里”；C选项Behind a factory意为“工厂后面”；D选项On a bridge意为“桥上”。故选A。 7. 考查细节理解。根据第二段“carry dust with it（带着灰尘）”可知，过去雨水会把灰尘带入排水沟。A选项Leaves only意为“只有树叶”；B选项Dust意为“灰尘”；C选项Fresh milk意为“鲜牛奶”；D选项Clean paper意为“干净纸张”。故选B。 8. 考查细节理解。根据第二段“Stones and soil hold part of the water（石头和土壤留住一部分水）”可知，石头和土壤能留住部分雨水。A选项Make loud sounds意为“发出响声”；B选项Stop all plants意为“阻止所有植物”；C选项Heat the road意为“加热道路”；D选项Hold part of the water意为“留住部分水”。故选D。 9. 考查细节理解。根据第三段“Our biology teacher often takes us there after rain.（我们的生物老师雨后常带我们去那里。）”可知，生物课利用雨水花园开展观察。A选项History意为“历史”；B选项Music意为“音乐”；C选项Biology意为“生物”；D选项Math意为“数学”。故选C。 10. 考查主旨概括。根据全文说明雨水花园既“slows the water down（减缓水流）”又提供“a living science lesson（生动科学课）”可知，文章主旨是雨水花园的环保和教育作用。A选项A garden can help city water and learning意为“花园能帮助城市排水和学习”；B选项Roads should have no plants意为“道路不应有植物”；C选项Students dislike outdoor lessons意为“学生不喜欢户外课”；D选项Heavy rain is always harmless意为“大雨总是无害”。故选A。 Passage C In the training building, our class has a shared tool shelf. At first, it was often messy. Some students returned tools to the wrong places, and others forgot to clean them after use. When a class needed a small wrench, it sometimes took ten minutes to find one. Our teacher asked us to solve the problem by ourselves. We drew a simple map of the shelf and put labels under each kind of tool. Two students checked the shelf after every training class. If a tool was missing, they wrote its name on a small board near the door. After two weeks, the room looked different. Students could find tools faster, and fewer tools were damaged. More importantly, everyone became more careful. We learned to return things not because the teacher was watching, but because the next group would need them. The shared shelf taught us a small workplace rule. Public things are easy to use only when people share responsibility. A clean shelf saves time, but a responsible habit is more valuable. Now we check the shelf after every training class, and the room is ready for the next team without delay. Sometimes we also compare the board with the actual tools to make sure nothing is missing, especially before a new class begins. 11. What was the shelf like at first? A. It was often messy B. It was empty C. It was locked D. It was new 12. Who asked students to solve the problem? A. A visitor B. Their teacher C. A shopkeeper D. A driver 13. What did students put under each kind of tool? A. Food cards B. Photos C. Labels D. Tickets 14. What changed after two weeks? A. Classes stopped training B. The shelf was removed C. Tools became fewer D. Tools were found faster 15. What rule did students learn? A. Share responsibility for public things B. Hide useful tools C. Wait for the teacher each time D. Use tools without cleaning 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A 【导语】本文讲述班级整理共享工具架的过程，说明公共物品管理需要规则和责任意识。 【详解】 11. 考查细节理解。根据第一段“At first, it was often messy.（起初，它经常很乱。）”可知，工具架起初很凌乱。A选项It was often messy意为“经常凌乱”；B选项It was empty意为“空的”；C选项It was locked意为“锁着的”；D选项It was new意为“新的”。故选A。 12. 考查细节理解。根据第二段“Our teacher asked us to solve the problem by ourselves.（老师让我们自己解决问题。）”可知，提出要求的是老师。A选项A visitor意为“一位访客”；B选项Their teacher意为“他们的老师”；C选项A shopkeeper意为“店主”；D选项A driver意为“司机”。故选B。 13. 考查细节理解。根据第二段“put labels under each kind of tool（在每种工具下面贴标签）”可知，学生给工具分类贴标签。A选项Food cards意为“餐卡”；B选项Photos意为“照片”；C选项Labels意为“标签”；D选项Tickets意为“票”。故选C。 14. 考查细节理解。根据第三段“Students could find tools faster（学生能更快找到工具）”可知，两周后工具查找效率提高。A选项Classes stopped training意为“班级停止实训”；B选项The shelf was removed意为“架子被移走”；C选项Tools became fewer意为“工具变少”；D选项Tools were found faster意为“工具找得更快”。故选D。 15. 考查推理判断。根据第四段“Public things are easy to use only when people share responsibility.（只有人们共同承担责任，公共物品才方便使用。）”可知，学生学到公共物品需要共同负责。A选项Share responsibility for public things意为“共同负责公共物品”；B选项Hide useful tools意为“藏起有用工具”；C选项Wait for the teacher each time意为“每次等待老师”；D选项Use tools without cleaning意为“使用后不清洁”。故选A。 英译汉（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分） 将下列英文句子译成通顺、准确的汉语。 16. A clear plan can help students save time. ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】清晰的计划能帮助学生节省时间。 【详解】考查情态动词和help结构。句意为“清晰的计划能帮助学生节省时间。”。can后接动词原形；help students save time表示“帮助学生节省时间”。 17. The guide spoke slowly so everyone could understand. ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】导游说得很慢，以便每个人都能听懂。 【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意为“导游说得很慢，以便每个人都能听懂。”。so引导目的结果关系，could understand表示“能够理解”。 ____________________________________________________________ 18. Good habits are more useful than quick excuses. 【答案】好习惯比匆忙的借口更有用。 【详解】考查比较级。句意为“好习惯比匆忙的借口更有用。”。more useful than表示“比……更有用”。 19. We have no way to know the answer at once. ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】我们没有办法立刻知道答案。 【详解】考查have no way to do结构。句意为“我们没有办法立刻知道答案。”。have no way to know表示“没有办法知道”。 20. What they learned was put into practice soon. ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】他们所学的内容很快被付诸实践。 【详解】考查what从句和被动语态。句意为“他们所学的内容很快被付诸实践。”。What they learned作主语；was put into practice表示“被付诸实践”。 汉译英（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分） 请将下列汉语句子译成英语，要求意思完整，语法正确，表达通顺。 21. 这个故事充满了友爱和希望。 ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】This story is full of friendship and hope. 【详解】考查be full of结构。句意为“这个故事充满了友爱和希望。”。is full of表示“充满”；friendship and hope为并列宾语。 22. 如果你认真听讲，就不会错过关键步骤。 ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】If you listen carefully, you will not miss key steps. 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意为“如果你认真听讲，就不会错过关键步骤。”。if从句用一般现在时，主句用will not miss。 23. 我们不知道会议是否会推迟。 ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】We do not know whether the meeting will be put off. 【详解】考查whether宾语从句和被动语态。句意为“我们不知道会议是否会推迟。”。whether表示“是否”；be put off表示“被推迟”。 24. 保持教室整洁对每个人都很重要。 ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】Keeping the classroom clean is important for everyone. 【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意为“保持教室整洁对每个人都很重要。”。Keeping the classroom clean作主语；important for everyone表示“对每个人重要”。 25. 这项技能比我想象的更实用。 ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】This skill is more practical than I expected. 【详解】考查比较级和宾语从句。句意为“这项技能比我想象的更实用。”。more practical than表示“比……更实用”；I expected表示“我预料”。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本卷依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》和历年真题编写。本系列定位为45分钟训练卷，用于课堂限时训练、周测检测和阶段复习。本卷为阅读理解+英汉互译训练高频考点训练，难度由易到难，适合限时检测。 【2027版】黑龙江省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第15卷 阅读理解+英汉互译 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级______姓名______学号______成绩______ 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题4分，共60分。） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Passage A Last month, our class visited a small hotel for a job shadowing activity. We followed workers and watched how they served guests. Before entering the front hall, the manager told us to speak softly, smile naturally and never touch guests' things without permission. I followed a receptionist named Sara. At eight thirty, a traveler came in with a tired face. Sara checked his booking, explained breakfast time and showed him the elevator. She spoke slowly because the traveler was not familiar with the city. Her words were simple, but they made the guest feel welcome. Later, we visited the laundry room and the kitchen. The work there was busy and hot. Workers checked towels, cleaned tables and prepared dishes quickly. I noticed that every job needed teamwork. If one person forgot a step, others would have more trouble. The visit changed my idea about hotel work. It is not only about clean rooms. It also needs communication, careful records and respect for different guests. Good service can make travelers feel safe after a long trip. It can also make a hotel look more reliable and warm. The manager said that small details often decide whether guests want to return. I wrote these points in my career notebook after returning to school. 1. Where did the class visit? A. A small hotel B. A bus factory C. A city museum D. A book shop 2. What did the manager tell students to do? A. Touch guests’ bags B. Cook breakfast C. Clean bedrooms alone D. Speak softly 3. Why did Sara speak slowly? A. The hall was noisy B. She forgot the booking C. The traveler was new to the city D. The elevator was broken 4. What did the writer notice in busy rooms? A. Workers had much free time B. Every job needed teamwork C. Guests cooked dishes D. Records were useless 5. What did the visit change? A. The hotel rules B. The breakfast menu C. The school timetable D. The writer’s idea about hotel work Passage B Beside a busy road near our school, there is a small rain garden. It does not look special at first. There are stones, grass and several kinds of flowers. However, it plays an important role when heavy rain comes in summer. Rainwater from the road used to run quickly into the drain and carry dust with it. Now the garden slows the water down. Stones and soil hold part of the water, and plants take in some of it. Cleaner water then moves slowly into the drain. The garden also gives students a living science lesson. Our biology teacher often takes us there after rain. We measure the depth of water, watch insects and record plant changes. Sometimes we compare the water level near the road with that under the grass. These simple tasks help us understand how nature can work with city design. Some students volunteer to pick up rubbish near the garden every Friday. They say the place reminds them that environmental protection can begin with a small corner. Their notes are later shared in class, and some ideas are used to improve the school yard. The science club plans to add a small sign to explain how the garden works. A road, a garden and a class can be connected in a useful way. 6. Where is the rain garden? A. Beside a busy road B. Inside a library C. Behind a factory D. On a bridge 7. What did rainwater use to carry into the drain? A. Leaves only B. Dust C. Fresh milk D. Clean paper 8. What do stones and soil do? A. Make loud sounds B. Stop all plants C. Heat the road D. Hold part of the water 9. Which subject uses the garden for lessons? A. History B. Music C. Biology D. Math 10. What is the main idea of the passage? A. A garden can help city water and learning B. Roads should have no plants C. Students dislike outdoor lessons D. Heavy rain is always harmless Passage C In the training building, our class has a shared tool shelf. At first, it was often messy. Some students returned tools to the wrong places, and others forgot to clean them after use. When a class needed a small wrench, it sometimes took ten minutes to find one. Our teacher asked us to solve the problem by ourselves. We drew a simple map of the shelf and put labels under each kind of tool. Two students checked the shelf after every training class. If a tool was missing, they wrote its name on a small board near the door. After two weeks, the room looked different. Students could find tools faster, and fewer tools were damaged. More importantly, everyone became more careful. We learned to return things not because the teacher was watching, but because the next group would need them. The shared shelf taught us a small workplace rule. Public things are easy to use only when people share responsibility. A clean shelf saves time, but a responsible habit is more valuable. Now we check the shelf after every training class, and the room is ready for the next team without delay. Sometimes we also compare the board with the actual tools to make sure nothing is missing, especially before a new class begins. 11. What was the shelf like at first? A. It was often messy B. It was empty C. It was locked D. It was new 12. Who asked students to solve the problem? A. A visitor B. Their teacher C. A shopkeeper D. A driver 13. What did students put under each kind of tool? A. Food cards B. Photos C. Labels D. Tickets 14. What changed after two weeks? A. Classes stopped training B. The shelf was removed C. Tools became fewer D. Tools were found faster 15. What rule did students learn? A. Share responsibility for public things B. Hide useful tools C. Wait for the teacher each time D. Use tools without cleaning 英译汉（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分） 将下列英文句子译成通顺、准确的汉语。 16. A clear plan can help students save time. ____________________________________________________________ 17. The guide spoke slowly so everyone could understand. ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 18. Good habits are more useful than quick excuses. 19. We have no way to know the answer at once. ____________________________________________________________ 20. What they learned was put into practice soon. ____________________________________________________________ 汉译英（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分） 请将下列汉语句子译成英语，要求意思完整，语法正确，表达通顺。 21. 这个故事充满了友爱和希望。 ____________________________________________________________ 22. 如果你认真听讲，就不会错过关键步骤。 ____________________________________________________________ 23. 我们不知道会议是否会推迟。 ____________________________________________________________ 24. 保持教室整洁对每个人都很重要。 ____________________________________________________________ 25. 这项技能比我想象的更实用。 ____________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $