2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语九年级上册语法专题精练

2026仁爱科普版 · 九年级上册 英语语法专题精练 —— 6大核心考点 · 54道精选试题 · 全选择题 · 分层递进 —— ········································································ 适用教材：仁爱科普版（新版）九年级上册 Units 1–6 · 紧扣课本 · 自主创新 · 答案唯一 ··········· 📌 考点一：现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词）与标志词辨析 ▎对应单元：Unit 1 A Changing World ▎语法要点总结 ① 结构：have/has + 过去分词；主语三单用 has，其余用 have。 ② already（肯定句，句中/句尾）；yet（否定/疑问句，句尾）；just（肯定句，助动词后）。 ③ for + 时间段；since + 时间点 / 过去时从句 / "时间段 + ago"。 ④ have/has been to 曾去过（已回）；have/has gone to 去了（未回）。 ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ ❌ He has went to Xiamen. ✅ ✅ He has gone to Xiamen. 💡 go 的过去分词是 gone，不是 went。 ❌ ❌ I have already finished it yesterday. ✅ ✅ I finished it yesterday. 💡 yesterday 是明确过去时间，不能用现在完成时。 ❌ ❌ She has not come back already. ✅ ✅ She has not come back yet. 💡 否定句句尾用 yet，不用 already。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） （ 1 ） — Have you ever ______ to Kunming? — Yes, I ______ there twice. A. gone; have gone B. gone; have been C. been; have been D. been; have gone （ 2 ） Olivia ______ just ______ her homework. She can watch TV now. A. has; finish B. have; finish C. has; finished D. have; finished （ 3 ） They haven't found the lost dog ______. A. already B. just C. yet D. ever ▷ 提升题（选择题） （ 4 ） Chen Wei ______ in Wuhan ______ he was ten years old. A. has lived; since B. lived; for C. has lived; for D. lived; since （ 5 ） — Where is Jam? — He ______ to the library. He'll be back soon. A. has been B. went C. has gone D. goes （ 6 ） Lily ______ a lot of improvements in her English ______ last term. A. made; for B. has made; since C. makes; for D. has made; for ★ 拓展题（选择题） （ 7 ） ______ you ever ______ (be) to Qingdao? — No, never. A. Have; been B. Has; been C. Did; go D. Do; go （ 8 ） Zhou Kai ______ (not finish) reading the book yet, so he can't return it. A. hasn't finished B. didn't finish C. doesn't finish D. won't finish （ 9 ） Bella ______ (live) in Jinan for five years. She loves the city. A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is living ✅ 参考答案速查 ◇基础（1） → C ◇基础（2） → C ◇基础（3） → C ▷提升（4） → A ▷提升（5） → C ▷提升（6） → B ★拓展（7） → A ★拓展（8） → A ★拓展（9） → B ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 🔗 考点二：宾语从句（引导词·语序·时态三要素） ▎对应单元：Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts ▎语法要点总结 ① 引导词：陈述句用 that（可省）；一般疑问句用 if/whether；特殊疑问句用原疑问词。 ② 语序铁律：宾语从句必须用陈述句语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。 ③ 时态呼应：主句过去时 → 从句相应退至过去范畴；客观真理仍用一般现在时。 ④ 否定前移：think/believe/suppose + 宾语从句时，否定词常前移到主句。 ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ ❌ I don't know where is he. ✅ ✅ I don't know where he is. 💡 宾语从句必须用陈述语序：疑问词+主语+谓语。 ❌ ❌ He said that he will come tomorrow. ✅ ✅ He said that he would come the next day. 💡 主句过去时，从句要退至过去将来时。 ❌ ❌ I think he isn't right. ✅ ✅ I don't think he is right. 💡 think 后否定要前移到主句（否定前移）。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） （ 1 ） Could you tell me ______ the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. where D. which （ 2 ） Olivia asked Jam ______ he had finished his homework. A. that B. what C. where D. if （ 3 ） I believe ______ he will succeed. A. if B. whether C. / D. that ▷ 提升题（选择题） （ 4 ） Do you know ______ tomorrow? A. what will the weather be like B. what the weather will be like C. how will the weather be D. how the weather will be like （ 5 ） Chen Wei said ______ he ______ very tired after the trip. A. that; is B. that; was C. if; is D. whether; was （ 6 ） Lily doesn't know ______ to do with the broken puppet. A. what B. how C. which D. where ★ 拓展题（选择题） （ 7 ） Zhang Hao asked me ______ I ______ to Xiamen the next week. A. if; will go B. if; would go C. that; will go D. whether; go （ 8 ） Bella told us ______ the earth ______ around the sun. A. that; goes B. if; goes C. that; went D. whether; went （ 9 ） I don't think ______ is necessary to worry about it. A. that; it B. it; that C. this; that D. it; it ✅ 参考答案速查 ◇基础（1） → C ◇基础（2） → D ◇基础（3） → D ▷提升（4） → B ▷提升（5） → B ▷提升（6） → A ★拓展（7） → B ★拓展（8） → A ★拓展（9） → A ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 🛡️ 考点三：被动语态（一般现在时 & 情态动词） ▎对应单元：Unit 3 A Green Earth, a Better Home ▎语法要点总结 ① 一般现在时被动：am/is/are + 过去分词；强调动作承受者或执行者未知。 ② 情态动词被动：情态动词 + be + 过去分词（must be done / can be used）。 ③ 不及物动词无被动：happen, take place, rise, occur 等不能用被动语态。 ④ 双宾语动词（give/send/show）变被动时，优先将间接宾语（人）变主语。 ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ ❌ The window broke by the wind. ✅ ✅ The window was broken by the wind. 💡 被动语态必须含 be 动词 + 过去分词。 ❌ ❌ English is speak by many people. ✅ ✅ English is spoken by many people. 💡 speak 的过去分词是 spoken，不是 speak。 ❌ ❌ The meeting will hold tomorrow. ✅ ✅ The meeting will be held tomorrow. 💡 将来被动：will be + 过去分词。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） （ 1 ） English ______ widely ______ around the world. A. is; spoken B. does; speak C. is; speak D. does; spoken （ 2 ） The classroom ______ every day by the students. A. cleans B. cleaned C. was cleaned D. is cleaned （ 3 ） Rules ______ ______ by everyone in the school. A. must; follow B. can; follow C. should; follows D. must; be followed ▷ 提升题（选择题） （ 4 ） A new park ______ ______ in Wuhan next year. A. will build B. will be built C. is built D. was built （ 5 ） The experiment ______ ______ by the scientists in the lab. A. is; doing B. is; being done C. does; done D. did; do （ 6 ） Great changes ______ ______ in Xiamen in recent years. A. have been taken place B. has taken place C. have taken place D. were taken place ★ 拓展题（选择题） （ 7 ） The book ______ ______ to the library by Bella yesterday. A. was returned B. returned C. was returning D. has returned （ 8 ） Pollution must ______ ______ seriously by all countries. A. be dealt with B. deal with C. be deal with D. dealt with （ 9 ） A prize ______ ______ to Zhou Kai for his excellent speech. A. gave B. was given C. is given D. has given ✅ 参考答案速查 ◇基础（1） → A ◇基础（2） → D ◇基础（3） → D ▷提升（4） → B ▷提升（5） → B ▷提升（6） → C ★拓展（7） → A ★拓展（8） → A ★拓展（9） → B ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 🔑 考点四：定语从句（who/which/that/whose 引导词选择） ▎对应单元：Unit 4 A Colorful World of Words ▎语法要点总结 ① who 指人，在从句中作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略）。 ② which 指物，在从句中作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略）。 ③ that 指人或物均可；只用 that 的情况：不定代词/all/最高级/序数词/人+物。 ④ whose 表示"……的"，在从句中作定语，后接名词。 ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ ❌ The boy which is standing there is my brother. ✅ ✅ The boy who/that is standing there is my brother. 💡 指人作主语用 who/that，不用 which。 ❌ ❌ This is the best film which I have ever seen. ✅ ✅ This is the best film that I have ever seen. 💡 最高级修饰先行词时，关系代词只用 that。 ❌ ❌ I know the man his name is Jam. ✅ ✅ I know the man whose name is Jam. 💡 表示"某人的"用 whose + 名词。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） （ 1 ） The girl ______ is reading under the tree is Lily. A. which B. who C. whose D. where （ 2 ） The book ______ I bought yesterday is very interesting. A. who B. whose C. which D. where （ 3 ） Is there anything ______ I can do for you? A. which B. who C. what D. that ▷ 提升题（选择题） （ 4 ） Olivia is the only person ______ passed the exam. A. which B. that C. whose D. who （ 5 ） I like music ______ has great lyrics. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which （ 6 ） The man ______ son won the competition is Chen Wei's father. A. who B. which C. that D. whose ★ 拓展题（选择题） （ 7 ） He is one of the students ______ ______ awarded scholarships this year. A. who was B. whose were C. that were D. which was （ 8 ） This is the first play ______ I have seen ______ such a moving story. A. that; which has B. which; that has C. that; who has D. whose; which has （ 9 ） Zhang Hao told me about a place ______ name means "beautiful sea" in the local language. A. who B. which C. whose D. where ✅ 参考答案速查 ◇基础（1） → B ◇基础（2） → C ◇基础（3） → D ▷提升（4） → B ▷提升（5） → D ▷提升（6） → D ★拓展（7） → C ★拓展（8） → A ★拓展（9） → C ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── ⏰ 考点五：时间状语从句（when/while/until/as soon as）与主将从现 ▎对应单元：Unit 5 A Path Toward a Better Home ▎语法要点总结 ① when 引导时间状语从句，可接短暂性或持续性动词；主从句时态灵活搭配。 ② while 强调主从句动作同时持续，从句常用进行时态。 ③ until 与 not…until：肯定句表"直到…为止"；否定句表"直到…才"。 ④ 主将从现：if/unless/when/as soon as 引导的时间/条件状语从句，主句将来时，从句用一般现在时。 ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ ❌ I will call you when I will arrive. ✅ ✅ I will call you when I arrive. 💡 时间状语从句中不用 will，用一般现在时表将来。 ❌ ❌ She didn't go to bed until he came back. ✅ ✅ She didn't go to bed until he came back. 💡 not…until 正确，否定要放在主句。 ❌ ❌ While I was walking, I meet an old friend. ✅ ✅ While I was walking, I met an old friend. 💡 while 从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） （ 1 ） I was doing my homework ______ my mother came in. A. while B. when C. as soon as D. until （ 2 ） ______ it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. A. Unless B. Until C. While D. If （ 3 ） Jam waited ______ the bus ______. A. when; will come B. while; comes C. until; came D. as soon as; won't come ▷ 提升题（选择题） （ 4 ） ______ I was walking in the park, I met an old friend of mine. A. When B. While C. As soon as D. Until （ 5 ） Olivia ______ TV when her father ______ home. A. watched; got B. watches; gets C. has watched; got D. was watching; got （ 6 ） You won't pass the exam ______ you work harder. A. if B. when C. as soon as D. unless ★ 拓展题（选择题） （ 7 ） As soon as he ______ the news, he ______ us. A. hears; will tell B. will hear; tells C. hears; tells D. will hear; will tell （ 8 ） Bella has been learning piano ______ she was six years old. A. for B. since C. when D. until （ 9 ） ______ the teacher came in, all the students stopped talking. A. Until B. While C. Since D. As soon as ✅ 参考答案速查 ◇基础（1） → B ◇基础（2） → D ◇基础（3） → C ▷提升（4） → B ▷提升（5） → D ▷提升（6） → D ★拓展（7） → A ★拓展（8） → B ★拓展（9） → D ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 🧩 考点六：构词法（前缀 en- / 后缀 -ment / -ty / -ity）与词义辨析 ▎对应单元：Unit 6 A Rising Self ▎语法要点总结 ① 后缀 -ment：动词 → 名词，表动作/状态/结果（achieve→achievement）。 ② 后缀 -ty / -ity：形容词 → 名词，表性质/状态（safe→safety, creative→creativity）。 ③ 前缀 en-：使…变得（enable 使能够；encourage 鼓励；enlarge 扩大）。 ④ 后缀 -en：形容词 → 动词（short→shorten, broad→broaden, dark→darken）。 ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ ❌ His achieve is amazing. ✅ ✅ His achievement is amazing. 💡 achieve 是动词，名词形式是 achievement。 ❌ ❌ We need more safe in this area. ✅ ✅ We need more safety in this area. 💡 safe 是形容词，名词是 safety。 ❌ ❌ The teacher encouraged him to try again. ✅ ✅ The teacher encouraged him to try again. 💡 encourage = en（使）+ courage（勇气），正确。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） （ 1 ） The ______ of the new bridge is a great ______ for the city. A. construct; achieve B. construction; achievement C. constructing; achieving D. constructed; achieved （ 2 ） We should pay attention to road ______ when driving. A. safe B. safely C. save D. safety （ 3 ） The teacher's ______ made him feel confident again. A. encourage B. encouraging C. encouragement D. encouraged ▷ 提升题（选择题） （ 4 ） Reading can ______ our knowledge and ______ our minds. A. enlarge; broaden B. enlarges; broadens C. enlarged; broadened D. enlarging; broadening （ 5 ） The ______ of the project requires a lot of ______. A. develop; creative B. developing; creation C. developed; creator D. development; creativity （ 6 ） The sky ______ as the sun went down. It was a beautiful evening. A. dark B. darkness C. darkly D. darkened ★ 拓展题（选择题） （ 7 ） ______ the box and you will see what's inside. A. Enlarge B. Encourage C. Enjoy D. Enable （ 8 ） His ______ to learn English impressed everyone in the class. A. decide B. decisive C. deciding D. decision （ 9 ） The ______ of this discovery will bring great ______ to human life. A. import; changed B. importantly; changing C. important; change D. importance; changes ✅ 参考答案速查 ◇基础（1） → B ◇基础（2） → D ◇基础（3） → C ▷提升（4） → A ▷提升（5） → D ▷提升（6） → D ★拓展（7） → A ★拓展（8） → D ★拓展（9） → D ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 📖 详 细 参 考 解 析 ········································································ 考点一：现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词）与标志词辨析 ◇基础（1） 答案：C | 解析：have been to 表示"曾去过（已回）"；there 前不用 to。 ◇基础（2） 答案：C | 解析：Olivia 是三单，用 has；just 后用过去分词 finished。 ◇基础（3） 答案：C | 解析：否定句句尾用 yet 表示"尚未"。 ▷提升（4） 答案：A | 解析：has lived（现在完成时）+ since + 过去时间点/从句。 ▷提升（5） 答案：C | 解析：has gone to 表示"去了某地（人还没回来）"。 ▷提升（6） 答案：B | 解析：since last term（自从上学期）是现在完成时的标志。 ★拓展（7） 答案：A | 解析：ever 用于现在完成时疑问句，you 用 have。 ★拓展（8） 答案：A | 解析：yet 提示现在完成时否定，三单用 hasn't + 过去分词。 ★拓展（9） 答案：B | 解析：for five years 提示现在完成时，动作持续至今。 ········································································ 考点二：宾语从句（引导词·语序·时态三要素） ◇基础（1） 答案：C | 解析：where 引导宾语从句，陈述语序 where the hospital is。 ◇基础（2） 答案：D | 解析：一般疑问句转化用 if/whether 引导，表示"是否"。 ◇基础（3） 答案：D | 解析：陈述句用 that 引导，此处 that 可省略。 ▷提升（4） 答案：B | 解析：宾语从句陈述语序：what the weather will be like。 ▷提升（5） 答案：B | 解析：主句 said（过去时），从句退至一般过去时 was。 ▷提升（6） 答案：A | 解析："what to do with…" 是固定搭配，表示"如何处理"。 ★拓展（7） 答案：B | 解析：主句 asked（过去时），从句用过去将来时 would go。 ★拓展（8） 答案：A | 解析：客观真理（地球绕太阳转）永远用一般现在时。 ★拓展（9） 答案：A | 解析：think 否定前移：I don't think that it is necessary。 ········································································ 考点三：被动语态（一般现在时 & 情态动词） ◇基础（1） 答案：A | 解析：一般现在时被动：is + spoken。 ◇基础（2） 答案：D | 解析：every day 提示一般现在时被动。 ◇基础（3） 答案：D | 解析：情态动词被动：must be + 过去分词。 ▷提升（4） 答案：B | 解析：next year 提示一般将来时被动：will be built。 ▷提升（5） 答案：B | 解析：现在进行时被动：is being + 过去分词。 ▷提升（6） 答案：C | 解析：take place 是不及物动词短语，无被动语态。 ★拓展（7） 答案：A | 解析：yesterday 提示一般过去时被动：was returned。 ★拓展（8） 答案：A | 解析：情态动词被动 + 短语动词：be dealt with（不可省略 with）。 ★拓展（9） 答案：B | 解析：give 双宾语变被动：间接宾语（人）作主语 → was given。 ········································································ 考点四：定语从句（who/which/that/whose 引导词选择） ◇基础（1） 答案：B | 解析：先行词 the girl 指人，在从句中作主语 → who。 ◇基础（2） 答案：C | 解析：先行词 the book 指物，在从句中作宾语 → which/that（可省）。 ◇基础（3） 答案：D | 解析：不定代词 anything 作先行词时，关系代词只用 that。 ▷提升（4） 答案：B | 解析：the only 修饰先行词时，关系代词只用 that。 ▷提升（5） 答案：D | 解析：music 指物，在从句中作主语 → which/that。 ▷提升（6） 答案：D | 解析：表示"某人的儿子" → whose son。 ★拓展（7） 答案：C | 解析：先行词 students（复数），从句谓语用复数 were；只用 that。 ★拓展（8） 答案：A | 解析：序数词 first 修饰先行词 → 只用 that；play 是单数 → has。 ★拓展（9） 答案：C | 解析：whose name 表示"那个地方的名字"。 ········································································ 考点五：时间状语从句（when/while/until/as soon as）与主将从现 ◇基础（1） 答案：B | 解析：when 可接短暂性动作 came in，表示"正在做…这时…"。 ◇基础（2） 答案：D | 解析：If 引导条件状语从句，主将从现：主句 will stay，从句用一般现在时 rains。 ◇基础（3） 答案：C | 解析：not…until 或肯定 waited until…came（一般过去时一致）。 ▷提升（4） 答案：B | 解析：while 强调动作持续，后接过去进行时 was walking。 ▷提升（5） 答案：D | 解析：when 连接过去进行时（长动作）+ 一般过去时（短动作）。 ▷提升（6） 答案：D | 解析：unless = if…not，"除非你更努力，否则不会通过"。 ★拓展（7） 答案：A | 解析：as soon as 主将从现：从句一般现在时 hears，主句将来时 will tell。 ★拓展（8） 答案：B | 解析：since + 时间点/过去时从句，与现在完成时连用。 ★拓展（9） 答案：D | 解析：as soon as 表示"一…就…"，主从句时态一致（过去时）。 ········································································ 考点六：构词法（前缀 en- / 后缀 -ment / -ty / -ity）与词义辨析 ◇基础（1） 答案：B | 解析：construct → construction（名词）；achieve → achievement（名词）。 ◇基础（2） 答案：D | 解析：road safety 道路安全，用名词 safety。 ◇基础（3） 答案：C | 解析：encourage 的名词形式是 encouragement。 ▷提升（4） 答案：A | 解析：enlarge = 扩大（知识）；broaden = 拓宽（视野/思维），情态动词 can 后接动词原形。 ▷提升（5） 答案：D | 解析：development 发展（名词）；creativity 创造力（名词）。 ▷提升（6） 答案：D | 解析：darken = 变暗（动词），the sky darkened 天空变暗。 ★拓展（7） 答案：A | 解析：enlarge the box 把盒子放大/扩大来看。 ★拓展（8） 答案：D | 解析：decision 是 decide 的名词形式，his decision 他的决定。 ★拓展（9） 答案：D | 解析：importance 重要性（名词）；bring changes 带来变化。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $