清单18 2025全国一卷词汇二次开发（知识清单）（全国通用） 2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习知识清单聚焦2025全国一卷词汇二次开发，系统涵盖高频词性转换75例、合成名词/形容词10例、障碍单词130例、障碍语块100例等基础内容，以及阅读完形熟词生义25例、真题语料单句填空60例、语境测试20例等重难突破模块，构建全面的词汇复习体系。 清单以知识脑图搭建核心脉络，通过基础梳理与重难突破分层设计，如熟词生义结合2025真题例句解析“address”“strike”等高频考点，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。单句填空配备参考答案与解析，标注易错点，助力学生自主检测，教师可据此精准定位复习重点，提升备考效率。

清单18 2025全国一卷词汇二次开发（知识清单） 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1高频词性转换75例 知识点2合成名词/形容词10例 知识点3障碍单词识词知意130例 知识点4障碍语块梳理100例 重难突破·考向精练 精炼1阅读完形熟词生义25例 精炼2真题语料单句填空60例 精炼3熟词生义语境测试20例 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记 知识点1 高频词性转换75例 听力理解 1. favor n.恩惠→adj. favourable 赞成的；有利的 2. education n.教育→adj. educational教育的 3. document n.文档 →n. documentary 纪录片 4. entertain vt.时娱乐→adj. entertaining 娱乐的 5. control vt.控制 →adj. controllable 可控制的 阅读A篇 6. globe n. 地球；世界→adj. global 全球的 7. sustain vt. 维持；支撑；承受→ adj. sustainable 可持续的 8. exist v. 存在 →adj. existing 现有的 9. analysis sing. 分析→pl. analyses 分析 10. comparative adj. 相对的→adv. comparatively相对地 11. consume vt.吃喝；消费 →n. consumption吃喝；消费 12. efficient adj.高效的 →n. efficiency 效率 13. afford vt.支付；承受的起→adj. affordable 负担得起的 阅读B篇 14. necessary adj. 必要的→n. necessity 必需品 15. simple adj. 简单的→adv. simply简单地 16. persuade vt. 说服→adj. persuasive有说服力的 17. assign vt. 分配→n. assignment任务、作业 18. fiction n. 小说、虚构→adj. fictional 虚构的 6. limit vt. 限制→adj. limited 有限的 19. understand vt. 理解→ant. misunderstand 误解 20. mix vt. 混合→adj. mixed混合的 21. amaze vt. 使惊奇→adj. amazing令人惊奇的/amazed感到惊奇的 22. disturb vt. 打扰→adj. disturbing令人不安的/disturbed被打扰的 阅读C篇 23. improve v. 改善 →improvement n. 改善 24. mobile adj. 移动的 →mobility n. 流动性 25. neighbor n. 邻居 →neighborhood n. 街区；社区 26. journal n. 期刊; 日志→journalist n. 新闻记者 27. replace v. 取代 →replacement n. 取代 28. complete adj. 完整的→ completely adv. 完全地 29. frequent adj. 频繁的→frequently adv. 频繁地 30. destroy vt. 破坏 → destruction n. 破坏 313. real adj.真正的→ reality n. 现实 32. major adj. 主要的→majority n. 大多数 33. owner n. 主人 →ownership n. 所有权 34. diverse adj. 多样的→ diversity n. 多样性 35. need n. 需求 →needy adj. 贫困的；缺乏的 36. access n.入口;机会→ accessible adj. 可进入的；可获得的 37. live vi.生活；居住 → livable adj. 宜居的 阅读D篇 38. significant adj. 重要的→significantly adv. 重要地 39. environment n. 环境→environmental adj. 环境的 40. crucial adj. 关键的→crucially adv. 关键地 41. additional adj. 额外的→additionally adv. 额外地 42. previous adj. 先前的→previously adv. 先前地 43. increasing adj. 日益增长的→increasingly adv. 日益增长地 44. original adj. 原始的→originally adv. 原始地 45. harm n. 伤害→harmful adj. 有害的 46. treat vt. 对待/治疗 →treatment n. 对待 / 治疗 47. hard adj. 坚硬的→hardness n. 硬度 48. long adj. 长的→length n. 长度 49. frequent adj. 频繁的→frequency n. 频率 50. severe adj. 严重的→severity n. 严重程度 51. direct vt. 指导/导演 →direction n. 方向 / 指导 52 apply vt. 应用/申请 →application n. 应用 / 申请 阅读七选五 53. exact adj. 精确的；准确的→ adv. exactly 精确地；准确地；恰好 54. cheer n. 欢呼；喝彩→ adj. cheerful 快乐的；高兴的；令人愉快的 完形填空 55. particular adj. 特定的；特别的→ adv. particularly 特别；尤其 56. addition n. 增加；添加→adj. additional 额外的；附加的 57. value n. 价值；重要→ adj. valuable 有价值的；贵重的 58. tolerate vt. 容忍；忍受→ adj. tolerable 可容忍的；尚好的 59. describe vt. 描述；描绘→ n. description 描述；描写 60. contribute vt. 贡献；捐献→ n. contribution 贡献；捐献物 语法填空 61. exhibit vt. 展览；显示→n.exhibition展览品；展示会 62. origin n. 起源；出身→vi. originate 起源 64. concept n. 概念；观念→adj. conceptual 概念的 65. expression n.表情；短语→vt. expressionism表现主义 66. guide vt. 引导；指导→n.guidance指南；向导 67. personal adj. 个人的；私人的→n.personality 性格 68. weak adj. 虚弱的；薄弱的→n. weakness 弱点 69. beautiful adj. 美丽的→n.beauty 美丽 70. strategy n. 策略；战略→adj. strategic 战略的 72. place vt. 放置 →n.placement放置；布置 73. art n. 艺术→n.artist艺术家 74. digital adj. 数字的；数码的→adv. digitally 数字化地 书面表达 75. gather vt. 采集；集合→n. gathering聚会 知识点2 合成名词/形容词10例 1. energy-related adj. 与能源相关的 2. energy-efficient adj. 节能的 3. solid-state adj. 固态的 4. health-related adj. 与健康相关的 5. personal-narrative n. 个人叙事 6. creative-writing n. 创意写作 7. binary-based adj. 基于二元的 8. cutting-edge adj. 尖端的；前沿的 9. long-term adj. 长期的；长远的 10. silk-screen n. 丝网印刷（术） 知识点3 障碍单词识词知意130例 听力理解 1. unpack /ʌnˈpæk/ v. 打开（行李）；卸货 2. suitcase /ˈsuːtkeɪs/ n. 行李箱 3. pursue /pəˈsjuː/ v. 追求；继续从事 4. crowded /ˈkraʊdɪd/ adj. 拥挤的 5. relative /ˈrelətɪv/ n. 亲戚 6. celebrity /səˈlebrəti/ n. 名人 7. critical /ˈkrɪtɪkl/ adj. 批评的；关键的 8. diverse /daɪˈvɜːs/ adj. 多样的 9. coast /kəʊst/ n. 海岸 10. duration /djuˈreɪʃn/ n. 持续时间 阅读A篇 11. automobile /ˈɔːtəməbiːl/ n. 汽车 12. emission /iˈmɪʃn/ n. 排放；排放物 13. decarbonize /ˌdiːˈkɑːbənaɪz/ v. 脱碳；使无碳化 14. transportation /ˌtrænspɔːrˈteɪʃn/ n. 运输；交通 15. breakdown /ˈbreɪkdaʊn/ n. 分解；故障；分析 16. mode /moʊd/ n. 方式；模式 17. vehicle /ˈviːɪkl/ n. 车辆；交通工具 18. shipping /ˈʃɪpɪŋ/ n. 航运；海运 19. fuel /fjuːəl/ n. 燃料 v. 给……提供燃料 20. specific /spəˈsɪfɪk/ adj. 具体的；特定的 21. sector /ˈsektər/ n. 部门；行业 22. aviation /ˌeɪviˈeɪʃn/ n. 航空；航空业 23. option /ˈɑːpʃn/ n. 选择；选项 24. recycled /ˌriːˈsaɪkld/ adj. 回收利用的 25. battery /ˈbætəri/ n. 电池 26. wire /waɪər/ n. 电线；金属丝 27. ignite /ɪɡˈnaɪt/ v. 点燃；引发 28. transition /trænˈzɪʃn/ n. 过渡；转变 29. mechanical /məˈkænɪkl/ adj. 机械的；机械学的 30. estimate /ˈestɪmeɪt/ v. 估计；判断 31. renewable /rɪˈnuːəbl/ adj. 可再生的 n. 可再生能源 32. regarding /rɪˈɡɑːrdɪŋ/ prep. 关于；至于 阅读B篇 33. cowboy /ˈkaʊbɔɪ/ n. 牛仔 34. reject /rɪˈdʒekt/ vt. 拒绝 35. essay /ˈeseɪ/ n. 散文；论文 36. genre /ˈʒɑːnrə/ n. 类型；体裁 37. demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/v. 证明；展示；演示 38. specification /ˌspesɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n.规格；具体要求 39. interpret /ɪnˈtɜːprɪt/ v.解释；翻译 40. thesis /ˈθiːsɪs/ n.论点；论文 41. staggering /ˈstæɡərɪŋ/ adj.惊人的；令人震惊的 42. yearbook /ˈjɪəbʊk/ n.年鉴；毕业纪念册 43. heartbreak /ˈhɑːtbreɪk/ n. 心碎 阅读C篇 44. transport /ˈtrænspɔːt/ v. 运输；运送 45. decline /dɪˈklaɪn/ v. 下降；减少 46. pedestrian /pəˈdestriən/ n. 行人 adj. 步行的 47. Dutch /dʌtʃ/ adj. 荷兰的 n. 荷兰人；荷兰语 48. transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ v. 改变；转变 49. decade /ˈdekeɪd/ n. 十年 50. elsewhere /ˌelsˈweə(r)/ adv. 在别处；去别处 51. campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/ n. 运动；活动 52. alarm /əˈlɑːm/ n. 担忧；警报 v. 使惊恐 53. expressway /ɪkˈspresweɪ/ n. 高速公路 54. mayor /meə(r)/ n. 市长 55. champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/ vt. 捍卫；支持 56. decent /ˈdiːsnt/ adj. 体面的；适宜的 57. occur /əˈkɜː(r)/ v. 发生；出现 58. widespread /ˈwaɪdspred/ adj. 广泛的；普遍的 59. phenomenon /fəˈnɒmɪnən/ n. 现象 60. boost /buːst/ v. 促进；提高 61. advocate /ˈædvəkeɪt/ v. 提倡；主张 62.journalist /ˈdʒɜ:nəlɪst/ n. 记者 63.replacement /rɪˈpleɪsmənt/ n. 替换；更换 阅读D篇 64. microplastic /ˌmaɪkrəʊˈplæstɪk/ n. 微塑料 65. source /sɔːs/n. 来源；源头 66. stomach /ˈstʌmək/n. 胃；腹部 67.Antarctic /ænˈtɑːktɪk/ adj. 南极的 68. level /ˈlevl/n. 水平；等级 adj. 平坦的 v. 使平等 69. filter /ˈfɪltə(r)/ v. 过滤；筛选 70. tap /tæp/n. 水龙头；轻敲 v. 轻拍；开发 71. trap /træp/v. 捕获；使陷入 72. sample /ˈsɑːmpl/ n. 样品；样本 73. polystyrene /ˌpɒliˈstaɪriːn/n. 聚苯乙烯 74. polyethylene /ˌpɒliˈeθəliːn/ n. 聚乙烯 75. polypropylene /ˌpɒliˈprəʊpəliːn/n. 聚丙烯 76. potential /pəˈtenʃl/adj. 潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性 77. demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/ vt. 证明；展示；演示 78. upgrade /ˌʌpˈɡreɪd/vt. 升级；提升 79. remove /rɪˈmuːv/ vt. 移除；去掉；消除 80. illustrate /ˈɪləstreɪt/ vt. 说明；举例说明；图解 81. intake /ˈɪnteɪk/ n. 摄入；吸入；纳入量 阅读七选五 82. unsung adj.未被颂扬的，被埋没的； 83. grab v. 抓住，拿到； 84. genuine /ˈdʒenjuɪn/ adj.真诚的； 85.quarter /ˈkwɔːtə(r)/ n. 一刻钟；四分之一 86.contagious /kənˈteɪdʒəs/ adj. 有感染力的 87. major /ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/ n. 某专业的学生 完形填空 88. vase n 花瓶 89. beloved adj 钟爱的 90. item n 一件（物品） 91. supposedly adv 据说 92. chaos n 混乱 93. otherwise adv 否则，要不然 94. cottage n 乡村小屋 95. stuff v 塞满 96. conventional adj 传统的，常规的 97. complicated adj 复杂的 98. tolerable adj 可忍受的 99. receipt n 收据 100. spare v 使免遭…… 101. investigate v 调查 102. encounter v 偶然碰到； 103. recommend v 推荐 104. giveaway n 赠品 105. belongings n 所有物，财产 106. anticipate v 预料，预计 107. withdraw v 撤回 语法填空 108. feature n. 特征；功能 vt.以…… 为特色 109. reflect vt.反映；反射；反思 110. philosophy n. 哲学；哲理；人生观 111. curator n.馆长；监护人 112. contemporary adj. 当代的；同时代的 113. abstract adj. 抽象的n. 摘要vt. 摘要；提取 114. visual adj. 视觉的 115. initiate vt. 发起；创始 116. minimalism artn.极简主义艺术 117. conceptual art n.概念艺术 118. expressionism n. 表现主义 119. opponent n.对手；反对者 120. trap n. 陷阱；圈套；困境 vt.使陷入困境；设陷阱 121. reveal vt. 揭示；透露；展现 122. gesture n. 手势；姿态vt. 做手势；用动作示意 123. sculpture n.雕塑；雕刻艺术 书面表达 124. backyard /ˌbækˈjɑːd/ n. 后院 125. awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/ adj. 尴尬的 126. part /pɑːt/ v. 分开 127. resist /rɪˈzɪst/ v. 抗拒 128. conscience /ˈkɒnʃəns/ n. 良心 129. bother /ˈbɒðə(r)/ v. 困扰    130. companion /kəmˈpæniən/ n. 伴侣 知识点4障碍语块梳理100例 听力理解 1. board a flight 登上航班 2. fill out a form 填写表格 3. run the business 经营生意 4. fix the window 修理窗户 5. drive through a red light 闯红灯 6. a reality show 真人秀 7. a radio host 电台主持人 8. extra credits 额外学分 9. community interaction 社区互动 10. sea level 海平面 11. go over the speed limit 超速行驶 12. focus on 聚焦于 13. make a difference 产生影响；起作用 阅读A篇 14. be responsible for 对…… 负责；是……的原因 15. accounts for 占…… 比例；是……的原因 16. greenhouse gas emissions 温室气体排放 17. plug into 插入；接入（电源） 18. on a single charge 一次充电 19. hydrogen fuel cell 氢燃料电池 20. renewable energy 可再生能源 21. be up to 达到；胜任；忙于；由……决定 22. speed up 加速；使加快 23. green energy 绿色能源 24. CO₂ emissions 二氧化碳排放 25. energy transition 能源转型 26. mechanical engineer 机械工程师 27. race to do sth. 竞相做某事 28.go green 实现环保；绿色化 29.energy efficiency 能源效率 阅读B篇 30. earn straight A’s 成绩全得 A 31. be interpreted as 被理解为；被解释为 32. in and of itself 本身；自身 33. strike sb. as… 给某人某种印象 34. at the beginning of 在……开始时 35. broaden one’s view 拓宽视野 36 means of communication交流方式 37. put us in another’s skin 让我们设身处地（理解他人） 38. fictional characters 虚构人物 39. take on diverse topics 涉及多样化的主题 40. Teaching is learning. 教学相长 41. Still waters run deep. 静水流深 42. Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量 43. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧 阅读C篇 44. pack sb into sth 把某人塞进车里 45 take back 夺回 46. call for 公开要求 47. make way for 给……让路 48. fight back 反击 49. lead a campaign 领导运动 50. call on sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事 51. rush through 快速通过 52. account for 考虑到 53 in the early 1950s 在20世纪50年代早期 54. get stuck 被堵车 55 road networks 道路网络 56. livable city 宜居城市 57. cultural diversity 文化多样性 58. accessible expressways 可通行的高速公路 阅读D篇 59. settle in 沉积在；在……安顿下来 60. tap water 自来水 61. stick inside 粘附在内部 62 volcanic rock 火山岩 63. rely on 依靠；依赖 64. hard water 硬水 65 at least 至少 66. lead to 导致；造成 67. bottled water 瓶装水 68. raise concerns about 提出对某事的担忧 69. pure water 纯净水 阅读七选五 70. unsung hero 无名英雄 71. go back and forth 反复来回 72. get in the way of 妨碍； 73 political science 政治学； 74. put sb. in a cheerful mood 让某人心情愉快 75. call out 大声呼叫，呼唤； 76. serve up 提供 完形填空 77. stare at 盯着，凝视 78 fill up 装满 79. decide on sth 选定某事物 80 a couple of 几个 81. a price cut 减价 82. draw near 接近，靠近 83. settle on 决定，选定 84. in an instant 马上 85. a ray of light 一缕光线 86. take joy in 以……为乐 87. empty out 清空，腾空 88. pull down 拆毁 语法填空 89. serve a ...purpose 满足…… 目的；用于…… 用途 90. force sb to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 91. be exposed to sth. 接触某物；暴露于某物 92. no more than 仅仅；只不过 93. inspire sb to do sth. 激励某人做某事 书面表达 94 count on 预料到；指望 95. knock over 撞倒 96. in order 井然有序   97 use up 耗尽 98. run around 到处跑 99. get over 克服 100. at fault 有过错 重难突破・考向精练——自主检测 精炼1阅读完形熟词生义25例 1. address熟义：地址；演讲 生义：设法解决；处理；对付 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) The people who put the signs in their yards created a real homeowners association to address climate change in their communities. 那些在自家院子里放置标语的人们成立了一个真正的业主协会，以应对社区内的气候变化问题。 2. breakdown熟义：故障；垮掉 生义：（对庞杂信息的）分类，分析 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. 以下是2018年不同交通方式排放量的细分情况。 3. green熟义：绿色的 生义：环保的 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. 运输所需的燃料不仅需要环保、廉价、高效，还要足够轻便安全，便于携带。 4. strike熟义：打击；罢工；撞击 生义：给（某人以……）印象；让（某人）觉得 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. 他们本可以就计算机的必要性写上几页，但写作本身对他们来说并不重要。 5. count on  熟义：依靠；指望；信赖   生义：期待，指望，预料到（某事发生） 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire.   只有一件事我没料到：我哥哥决定带他的狗托比一起来，这只50磅重的活力十足的家伙。 The results were staggering. 结果令人震惊。 6. account熟义：账单；描述；叙述；报道 生义：account for 解释；说明 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. 我们在有助于快速通行的道路上投入了大量资金，但却未能核算真正的成本。 7. cut熟义：切；割；砍 生义：削减；降低 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional photos, another asking for a price cut. 有几条消息进来，一条是要更多照片，另一条是要求降价。 8. spare熟义：抽出；匀出；备用的 生义：使免遭（麻烦、痛苦等）；免去 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) Each exchange provided a chance to spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered. 每一次交流都提供了一个减少垃圾填埋的机会，并取悦了另一个我可能不会遇到的人。 9. piece熟义：块；张；段；部件；部分 生义：棋子 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. 10. count on熟义：指望；依靠 生义：期待，指望，预料到（某事发生） 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: ... 11. fire熟义：火；火灾 生义：n. 精力充沛的人（或动物）；活力 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire. 12. force the issue熟义：强迫问题（字面义）生义：强行实施；强迫做决定 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) Eventually, my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue. 13. part熟义：部分；分开（动词）生义：v.（尤指因意见不合）分手；告别 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) Clearly, he was unhappy over the way we had parted. After all, I had left him little choice. Well, he’ll get over it, I reasoned. 显然，他对我们当初不欢而散的结局耿耿于怀。说到底，我当时几乎没给他留下选择余地。算了，他总会慢慢释怀的，我心里这样宽慰自己。 14. constant熟义：持续的；不变的 生义：adj. 忠实的；始终如一的 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years had passed away a few months earlier. Toby was his constant companion, the one who kept him going. 托比一直是他的忠实伴侣，是支撑他坚持下去的存在。 15. staggering熟义：adj. 蹒跚的；摇晃的 生义：adj. 惊人的；难以置信的（形容程度或数量） 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each. 结果令人震惊：学生们选择了多样的主题，提交的故事每篇长达 10 到 20 页。 16. tap熟义：v. 轻敲；轻拍 生义：n. 水龙头（特指饮用水龙头） 真题例句：...a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap. 17. contagious熟义：adj. （疾病）传染性的 生义：adj. 有感染力的（指情绪、态度等的传播） 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) Her smile is contagious and can be the difference in a student having a much better day. 18. gesture熟义：n. 手势；姿势（身体动作）生义：n. 姿态；表示（指象征性的行为） 真题例句：A decent winner always tries to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture of respect. 体面的赢家总是试图以仅一两分的优势击败对手，以示尊重。 19. run熟义：v. 跑；经营 n. 跑步 生义：v. 管理；经营（企业、组织等） 真题例句：She plans to run the family business after graduation. 她计划毕业后管理家族企业。 20. feature熟义：v. 以…… 为特色 n. 特征 生义：v. 展出；展示（作品、物品等） 真题例句：An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum is featuring artwork inspired by Go. 体面的赢家总是试图以仅一两分的优势击败对手，以示尊重。 21.champion熟义：冠军（名词）生义：vt捍卫；支持（动词） 真题例句：Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长）to champion " New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through ." Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well . 简·雅各布斯在描述她对拟议用高速公路取代（某处）的担忧时，呼吁市长支持“将纽约建设成一个宜居之地，而不仅仅是匆匆而过的地方”。 22. subject熟义：科目 生义：n.臣民；表现对象；绘画(或拍摄)题材；接受试验者 真题例句：I found myself wondering just how my students , who ' d created these people , knew their subjects so well. 我不禁好奇，我的学生们创造了这些人物，他们究竟是如何对创作对象了解得如此透彻的。 23. plant .熟义：植物；栽种（作名词和动词） 生义：n.工厂 真题例句：We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.   我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂，以便它们能够去除微塑料。 24. up to  熟义：达到（某数量）；处于（某程度） 生义：（体力或智力上）能胜任： 真题例句：Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task.  幸运的是，分析表明可再生能源能够胜任这一任务。 25. still  熟义：adv. 仍，依旧，至今还 生义：adj. 不动的；静止的   真题例句：Still waters run deep.  静水流深 精炼2真题语料单句填空60例 阅读理解A篇 1. ___________(move) goods and people around the world is responsible ___________ a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). 2. As the world ___________(race) to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts ___________ about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. 3. The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, ___________ lightweight and safe enough ___________(carry) around. 4. Each mode of transport has ___________(it) specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, ___________ here are some of the ___________(solution) to get us going green. 5. The hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for ___________(sustain) fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from ___________(recycle) air. 6. Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into ___________(exist) systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car ___________(far) on a single charge. 7. Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can ___________(make) electric in pretty simple ways. 8. Hydrogen fuel cells are a ___________(light) choice than batteries for trucks, but ___________(make) green hydrogen is expensive. 9. This energy transition (变革) is ___________(globe), and the amount of ___________(renew) energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 10. ___________(fortunate), ___________(analysis) suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the ___________(develop) of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke. 【参考答案】 1. Moving, for 2. races, for 3. but, to be carried 4. its, but, solutions 5. sustainable, recycled 6. existing, farther7. be made 8. lighter, making 9. global, renewable 10. Fortunately, analyses, development 阅读理解B篇 11. In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I ___________(meet) a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died ___________ heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. 12. More than once, I found myself ___________(wonder) just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. 13. Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could ___________( interpret) as a thesis (论点) statement. 14. I was ___________(shock). Then I realized that the problem was the question ___________(it). 15. They could have written pages on the ___________(necessary) of computers, but writing, in and of itself, ___________(simple) didn’t strike them ___________ important. 16. As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a ___________(persuade) piece on a health-related topic of their choice. 17. When the final bell ___________(ring) in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful ___________(significant) — the ability ___________(connect) people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us ___________ it means to be human. 【参考答案】 11. met, of 12. wondering 13. be interpreted 14. shocked, itself 15. necessity, simply, as 16. persuasive 17. rang, significance, to connect, what 阅读理解C篇 18. ___________ safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, ___________(especial) among young children. 19. Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods ___________(destroy) to make way ___________ new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. 20. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian ___________(journal) who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the ___________(destroy) of her local park. 21. ___________(describe) her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place ___________(live), and not just rush through.” 22. Similar campaigns ___________(occur) in Australia in ___________ late 1960s and 1970s as well. 23. Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the ___________(major) of the western cities were ___________(complete) redesigned around the needs of the motor car. 24. We invest a lot in roads ___________ help us rush through, but we fail ___________(account) for the true costs. 【参考答案】 18. While/Though/Although, especially 19. were destroyed, for 20. journalist, destruction 21. Describing, to live 22. occurred, the 23. majority, completely 24. that/which, to account 阅读理解D篇 25. Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, ___________(stick) inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside ___________(human). 26. ___________(cruicial), this process relies on the water ___________(contain) enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. 27. In the study, ___________(boil) hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to___________ almost 90 percent drop in plastics. 28. Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic ___________(expose) — a task that’s becoming ___________(increasing) difficult. 29. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, ___________(contain) 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally___________(think) . 30. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, ___________ environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into ___________(upgrade) drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.” 【参考答案】 25. stuck, humans 26. Crucially, containing 27. boiling, an 28. exposure, increasingly 29. contains, thought 30. an, upgrading 阅读七选五 31. Need a break between classes ___________ just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and more. Not only ___________ this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. 32. Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets ___________(exact) what they order. 33. She goes back and forth between machines ___________(make) the drinks. After finishing ___________ order, she calls out the name on the cup. 34. As the customer ___________(grab) the drink from her hand, she smiles ___________ says, “Hello, how is your day?” 35. Murphy gets up ___________ a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day ___________(get) to work on time. 36. One thing Murphy may not know is ___________ her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day ___________ they were having before seeing her. 37. “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, ___________ always puts me in a ___________(cheer) mood,” Wright said. 38. Murphy has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine ___________(work) anywhere else. She has every ___________(intend) of staying and continuing doing ___________ she loves. 【参考答案】 31. or, does32. exactly 33. to make, an 34. grabs, and 35. at, to get 36. that, than 37. which, cheerful 38. working, intention, what 完形填空 39. One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen __________(stare) at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight __________ my wedding. 40. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy __________(empty) out the beloved home our family had spent 23 years __________(fill) up. 41. We had decided on key items for the apartment we were moving to in town, __________(donate) what we could, and rented a place __________(store) our supposedly important objects. 42. I took a picture of the vase and __________(post) it online, for $10. 43. A couple of messages came in, one wanting __________(addition) photos, another__________(ask) for a price cut. 44. The __________(describe): “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left __________(happy) with the vase. 45. I take joy in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is appreciating something __________ couldn’t come with us. 【参考答案】 39. staring, since 40. emptying, filling 41. donated, to store 42. Posted43. additional, asking 44. description, happily 45. that 语法填空 46. The movements of the black and white __________(piece) reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, __________ is in charge of the exhibition. 47. “We hope __________ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” 48. “The players’ personalities __________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 49. “A decent winner always __________ (try) to beat the opponent __________ no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” 50. Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the __________ (strategy) placement of the pieces, __________the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, __________ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 【参考答案】 46. pieces, who 47.to present 48.are revealed 49.tries, by 50. strategic, and, digitally 读后续写 51. My wife and I wanted __________ (share) our new home with family and friends by hosting a small __________ (gather) in the early summer. 52. There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play. There was just one thing I hadn’t counted __________: My brother chose __________ (bring) his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire. 53. So, when my brother showed up, I asked him __________ (watch) Toby and keep him outside. 54. My plan was working out just fine. Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard __________ giving the kids plenty of room. 55. __________ (eventual ), my brother decided __________ (leave) rather than force the issue. 56. His reply came as __________ surprise — a shock, actually: “Not a chance.” 57. __________ (clear), he was unhappy over the way we had parted. After all, I had left him little __________ (choose). Well, he’ll get over it, I reasoned. 58. Two months passed. My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother, __________ I resisted, __________ (think) he should call first. 59. However, my conscience (良心) kept __________ (bother) me. I tried to put myself __________ my brother’s shoes. 60. He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years __________ (pass) away a few months earlier. Toby was his constant companion, the one who kept him __________ (go). 【参考答案】 51. to share, gathering 52. on, to bring 53. to watch 54. and 55. Eventually, to leave 56.a 57. Clearly, choice 58. but, thinking 59. bothering, in 60. had passed, going 精炼3熟词生义语境测试20例 1.We must address the problem of air pollution immediately. 2.Providing a breakdown of the statistics into categories will take time. 3.She only buys products from green companies. 4.What really struck me was their enthusiasm. 5.The storm caused a staggering amount of damage. 6.Eventually, you will need to account for your actions/behavior. 7.He had to accept a cut in pay. = He had to accept a pay cut. 8.She was spared from having to answer any more questions. 9.Move your piece forward three spaces. 10.The kids are counting on going to the movies. Don't disappoint them! 11.The puppy is a ball of fire, always running around the house. 12.They would never have addressed the problem if that newspaper article hadn't forced the issue. 13. They finally parted after years of quarrels and different opinions on life.   14.They remained constant friends throughout their lives. 15.The government’s apology was seen as a gesture of goodwill. 16.He quit his job to run a small bookstore in the countryside. 17.Her true feelings were revealed in her diary. 18.We didn’t count on the sudden rain ruining our picnic. 19.She is a lawyer who champions children’s rights. 20.Keep still while I brush your hair. 【答案】 1.设法解决；处理；对付 2.（对庞杂信息的）分类，分析 3.环保的 4. 给（某人以……）印象；让（某人）觉得 5. 令人吃惊的，惊人的 6. 解释；说明 7. 削减；降低 8. 使免遭（麻烦、痛苦等）；免去 9. 棋子 10. 期待，指望，预料到（某事发生） 11. 精力充沛的人（或动物）；活力12. 强行实施；强迫做决定 13. (尤指因意见不合）分手；告别 14. 忠实的；始终如一的 15.姿态；表示（指象征性的行为） 16. 管理；经营（企业、组织等）17. 被展现；被显露 18. 预料到；考虑到 19.捍卫；拥护；支持 20.不动的；静止的 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 清单18 2025英语全国一卷词汇二次开发（知识清单） 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1高频词性转换75例 知识点2合成名词/形容词10例 知识点3障碍单词识词知意130例 知识点4障碍语块梳理100例 重难突破·考向精练 精炼1阅读完形熟词生义25例 精炼2真题语料单句填空60例 精炼3熟词生义语境测试20例 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记 知识点1 高频词性转换75例 听力理解 1. favor n.恩惠→adj. _________赞成的；有利的 2. education n.教育→adj_________教育的 3. document n.文档 →n. _________纪录片 4. entertain vt.时娱乐→adj. _________娱乐的 5. control vt.控制 →adj. _________可控制的 阅读A篇 6. globe n. 地球；世界→adj_________全球的 7. sustain vt. 维持；支撑；承受→ adj_________可持续的 8. exist v. 存在 →adj_________现有的 9. analysis sing. 分析→pl. 分析 10. comparative adj. 相对的→adv. _________相对地 11. consume vt.吃喝；消费 →n. _________吃喝；消费 12. efficient adj.高效的 →n. _________效率 13. afford vt.支付；承受的起→adj. _________负担得起的 阅读B篇 14. necessary adj. 必要的→n. _________必需品 15. simple adj. 简单的→adv. _________简单地 16. persuade vt. 说服→adj. _________有说服力的 17. assign vt. 分配→n. _________任务、作业 18. fiction n. 小说、虚构→adj. _________虚构的 6. limit vt. 限制→adj. _________有限的 19. understand vt. 理解→ant. _________误解 20. mix vt. 混合→adj. _________混合的 21. amaze vt. 使惊奇→adj. _________令人惊奇的/_________感到惊奇的 22. disturb vt. 打扰→adj. _________令人不安的/_________被打扰的 阅读C篇 23. improve v. 改善 →_________n. 改善 24. mobile adj. 移动的 →_________n. 流动性 25. neighbor n. 邻居 →_________n. 街区；社区 26. journal n. 期刊; 日志→_________n. 新闻记者 27. replace v. 取代 →_________n. 取代 28. complete adj. 完整的→ _________adv. 完全地 29. frequent adj. 频繁的→_________adv. 频繁地 30. destroy vt. 破坏 → _________n. 破坏 313. real adj.真正的→ _________n. 现实 32. major adj. 主要的→_________n. 大多数 33. owner n. 主人 →_________n. 所有权 34. diverse adj. 多样的→ _________n. 多样性 35. need n. 需求 →_________adj. 贫困的；缺乏的 36. access n.入口;机会→ _________adj. 可进入的；可获得的 37. live vi.生活；居住 → _________adj. 宜居的 阅读D篇 38. significant adj. 重要的→_________adv. 重要地 39. environment n. 环境→_________adj. 环境的 40. crucial adj. 关键的→_________adv. 关键地 41. additional adj. 额外的→_________adv. 额外地 42. previous adj. 先前的→_________adv. 先前地 43. increasing adj. 日益增长的→_________adv. 日益增长地 44. original adj. 原始的→_________adv. 原始地 45. harm n. 伤害→_________adj. 有害的 46. treat vt. 对待/治疗 →_________n. 对待 / 治疗 47. hard adj. 坚硬的→_________n. 硬度 48. long adj. 长的→_________n. 长度 49. frequent adj. 频繁的→_________n. 频率 50. severe adj. 严重的→_________n. 严重程度 51. direct vt. 指导/导演 →_________n. 方向 / 指导 52 apply vt. 应用/申请 →_________n. 应用 / 申请 阅读七选五 53. exact adj. 精确的；准确的→ adv. _________精确地；准确地；恰好 54. cheer n. 欢呼；喝彩→ adj. _________快乐的；高兴的；令人愉快的 完形填空 55. particular adj. 特定的；特别的→ adv. _________特别；尤其 56. addition n. 增加；添加→adj. _________额外的；附加的 57. value n. 价值；重要→ adj. _________有价值的；贵重的 58. tolerate vt. 容忍；忍受→ adj. _________可容忍的；尚好的 59. describe vt. 描述；描绘→ n. _________描述；描写 60. contribute vt. 贡献；捐献→ n. _________贡献；捐献物 语法填空 61. exhibit vt. 展览；显示→n. _________展览品；展示会 62. origin n. 起源；出身→vi. _________起源 64. concept n. 概念；观念→adj. _________概念的 65. expression n.表情；短语→vt. _________表现主义 66. guide vt. 引导；指导→n. _________指南；向导 67. personal adj. 个人的；私人的→n. _________性格 68. weak adj. 虚弱的；薄弱的→n. _________弱点 69. beautiful adj. 美丽的→n. _________美丽 70. strategy n. 策略；战略→adj. _________战略的 72. place vt. 放置 →n. _________放置；布置 73. art n. 艺术→n. _________艺术家 74. digital adj. 数字的；数码的→adv. _________数字化地 书面表达 75. gather vt. 采集；集合→n. _________聚会 知识点2 合成名词/形容词10例 1. energy-related adj. _________ 2. energy-efficient adj. _________ 3. solid-state adj. _________ 4. health-related adj. _________ 5. personal-narrative n. _________ 6. creative-writing n. _________ 7. binary-based adj. _________ 8. cutting-edge adj. _________ 9. long-term adj. _________ 10. silk-screen n. _________ 知识点3 障碍单词识词知意130例 听力理解 1. unpack /ʌnˈpæk/ v. _________ 2. suitcase /ˈsuːtkeɪs/ n. _________ 3. pursue /pəˈsjuː/ v. _________ 4. crowded /ˈkraʊdɪd/ adj. _________ 5. relative /ˈrelətɪv/ n. _________ 6. celebrity /səˈlebrəti/ n. _________ 7. critical /ˈkrɪtɪkl/ adj. _________ 8. diverse /daɪˈvɜːs/ adj. _________ 9. coast /kəʊst/ n. _________ 10. duration /djuˈreɪʃn/ n. _________ 阅读A篇 11. automobile /ˈɔːtəməbiːl/ n. _________ 12. emission /iˈmɪʃn/ n. _________ 13. decarbonize /ˌdiːˈkɑːbənaɪz/ v. _________ 14. transportation /ˌtrænspɔːrˈteɪʃn/ n. 运输；交通 15. breakdown /ˈbreɪkdaʊn/ n. _________ 16. mode /moʊd/ n. _________ 17. vehicle /ˈviːɪkl/ n. _________ 18. shipping /ˈʃɪpɪŋ/ n. _________ 19. fuel /fjuːəl/ n. _________ 20. specific /spəˈsɪfɪk/ adj. _________ 21. sector /ˈsektər/ n. _________ 22. aviation /ˌeɪviˈeɪʃn/ n. _________ 23. option /ˈɑːpʃn/ n. _________ 24. recycled /ˌriːˈsaɪkld/ adj. _________ 25. battery /ˈbætəri/ n. _________ 26. wire /waɪər/ n. _________ 27. ignite /ɪɡˈnaɪt/ v. _________ 28. transition /trænˈzɪʃn/ n. _________ 29. mechanical /məˈkænɪkl/ adj. _________ 30. estimate /ˈestɪmeɪt/ v. _________ 31. renewable /rɪˈnuːəbl/ adj. _________ 32. regarding /rɪˈɡɑːrdɪŋ/ prep. _________ 阅读B篇 33. cowboy /ˈkaʊbɔɪ/ n. _________ 34. reject /rɪˈdʒekt/ vt. _________ 35. essay /ˈeseɪ/ n. _________ 36. genre /ˈʒɑːnrə/ n. _________ 37. demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/v. _________ 38. specification /ˌspesɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. _________ 39. interpret /ɪnˈtɜːprɪt/ v. _________ 40. thesis /ˈθiːsɪs/ n. _________ 41. staggering /ˈstæɡərɪŋ/ adj. _________ 42. yearbook /ˈjɪəbʊk/ n. _________ 43. heartbreak /ˈhɑːtbreɪk/ n. _________ 阅读C篇 44. transport /ˈtrænspɔːt/ v. _________ 45. decline /dɪˈklaɪn/ v. _________ 46. pedestrian /pəˈdestriən/ n. _________ adj. _________ 47. Dutch /dʌtʃ/ adj. _________ n. _________ 48. transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ v. _________ 49. decade /ˈdekeɪd/ n. _________ 50. elsewhere /ˌelsˈweə(r)/ adv. _________ 51. campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/ n. _________ 52. alarm /əˈlɑːm/ n. _________ v. _________ 53. expressway /ɪkˈspresweɪ/ n. _________ 54. mayor /meə(r)/ n. _________ 55. champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/ vt. _________ 56. decent /ˈdiːsnt/ adj. _________ 57. occur /əˈkɜː(r)/ v. _________ 58. widespread /ˈwaɪdspred/ adj. _________ 59. phenomenon /fəˈnɒmɪnən/ n. _________ 60. boost /buːst/ v. _________ 61. advocate /ˈædvəkeɪt/ v. _________ 62.journalist /ˈdʒɜ:nəlɪst/ n. _________ 63.replacement /rɪˈpleɪsmənt/ n. _________ 阅读D篇 64. microplastic /ˌmaɪkrəʊˈplæstɪk/ n. _________ 65. source /sɔːs/n. _________ 66. stomach /ˈstʌmək/n. _________ 67.Antarctic /ænˈtɑːktɪk/ adj. _________ 68. level /ˈlevl/n. _________ adj. _________ v. _________ 69. filter /ˈfɪltə(r)/ v. _________ 70. tap /tæp/n. _________ v. _________ 71. trap /træp/v. _________ 72. sample /ˈsɑːmpl/ n. _________ 73. polystyrene /ˌpɒliˈstaɪriːn/n. _________ 74. polyethylene /ˌpɒliˈeθəliːn/ n. _________ 75. polypropylene /ˌpɒliˈprəʊpəliːn/n. _________ 76. potential /pəˈtenʃl/adj. _________n. _________ 77. demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/ vt. _________ 78. upgrade /ˌʌpˈɡreɪd/vt. _________ 79. remove /rɪˈmuːv/ vt. _________ 80. illustrate /ˈɪləstreɪt/ vt. _________ 81. intake /ˈɪnteɪk/ n. _________ 阅读七选五 82. unsung adj. _________ 83. grab v. _________； 84. genuine /ˈdʒenjuɪn/ adj. _________； 85.quarter /ˈkwɔːtə(r)/ n. _________ 86.contagious /kənˈteɪdʒəs/ adj. _________ 87. major /ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/ n. _________ 完形填空 88. vase n _________ 89. beloved adj _________ 90. item n _________ 91. supposedly adv _________ 92. chaos n _________ 93. otherwise adv _________ 94. cottage n _________ 95. stuff v _________ 96. conventional adj _________ 97. complicated adj _________ 98. tolerable adj _________ 99. receipt n _________ 100. spare v _________ 101. investigate v _________ 102. encounter v _________； 103. recommend v _________ 104. giveaway n _________ 105. belongings n _________ 106. anticipate v _________ 107. withdraw v _________ 语法填空 108. feature n. _________vt. _________ 109. reflect vt. _________ 110. philosophy n. _________ 111. curator n. _________ 112. contemporary adj. _________ 113. abstract adj. _________n. _________vt. _________ 114. visual adj. _________ 115. initiate vt. _________ 116. minimalism artn. _________ 117. conceptual art n. _________ 118. expressionism n. _________ 119. opponent n. _________ 120. trap n. _________ vt. _________ 121. reveal vt. _________ 122. gesture n. _________vt. _________ 123. sculpture n. _________ 书面表达 124. backyard /ˌbækˈjɑːd/ n. _________ 125. awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/ adj. _________ 126. part /pɑːt/ v. _________ 127. resist /rɪˈzɪst/ v. _________ 128. conscience /ˈkɒnʃəns/ n. _________ 129. bother /ˈbɒðə(r)/ v. _________ 130. companion /kəmˈpæniən/ n. _________ 知识点4障碍语块梳理100例 听力理解 1. board a flight _________ 2. fill out a form _________ 3. run the business _________ 4. fix the window _________ 5. drive through a red light _________ 6. a reality show _________ 7. a radio host _________ 8. extra credits _________ 9. community interaction _________ 10. sea level _________ 11. go over the speed limit _________ 12. focus on _________ 13. make a difference _________ 阅读A篇 14. be responsible for _________ 15. accounts for _________ 16. greenhouse gas emissions _________ 17. plug into _________ 18. on a single charge _________ 19. hydrogen fuel cell _________ 20. renewable energy _________ 21. be up to _________ 22. speed up _________ 23. green energy _________ 24. CO₂ emissions _________ 25. energy transition _________ 26. mechanical engineer _________ 27. race to do sth. _________ 28.go green _________ 29.energy efficiency _________ 阅读B篇 30. earn straight A’s _________ 31. be interpreted as _________ 32. in and of itself _________ 33. strike sb. as… _________ 34. at the beginning of _________ 35. broaden one’s view _________ 36 means of communication_________ 37. put us in another’s skin _________ 38. fictional characters _________ 39. take on diverse topics _________ 40. Teaching is learning. _________ 41. Still waters run deep. _________ 42. Knowledge is power. _________ 43. Practice makes perfect. _________ 阅读C篇 44. pack sb into sth _________ 45 take back _________ 46. call for _________ 47. make way for _________ 48. fight back _________ 49. lead a campaign _________ 50. call on sb to do sth _________ 51. rush through _________ 52. account for _________ 53 in the early 1950s _________ 54. get stuck _________ 55 road networks _________ 56. livable city _________ 57. cultural diversity _________ 58. accessible expressways _________ 阅读D篇 59. settle in _________ 60. tap water _________ 61. stick inside _________ 62 volcanic rock _________ 63. rely on _________ 64. hard water _________ 65 at least _________ 66. lead to _________ 67. bottled water _________ 68. raise concerns about _________ 69. pure water _________ 阅读七选五 70. unsung hero _________ 71. go back and forth _________ 72. get in the way of _________ 73 political science _________ 74. put sb. in a cheerful mood _________ 75. call out _________ 76. serve up _________ 完形填空 77. stare at _________ 78 fill up _________ 79. decide on sth _________ 80 a couple of _________ 81. a price cut _________ 82. draw near _________ 83. settle on _________ 84. in an instant _________ 85. a ray of light _________ 86. take joy in _________ 87. empty out _________ 88. pull down _________ 语法填空 89. serve a ...purpose _________ 90. force sb to do sth. _________ 91. be exposed to sth. _________ 92. no more than _________ 93. inspire sb to do sth. _________ 书面表达 94 count on _________ 95. knock over _________ 96. in order _________ 97 use up _________ 98. run around _________ 99. get over _________ 100. at fault _________ 重难突破・考向精练——自主检测 精炼1阅读完形熟词生义25例 1. address熟义：地址；演讲 生义：__________________ 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) The people who put the signs in their yards created a real homeowners association to address climate change in their communities. 那些在自家院子里放置标语的人们成立了一个真正的业主协会，以应对社区内的气候变化问题。 2. breakdown熟义：故障；垮掉 生义：__________________ 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. 以下是2018年不同交通方式排放量的细分情况。 3. green熟义：绿色的 生义：__________________ 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. 运输所需的燃料不仅需要环保、廉价、高效，还要足够轻便安全，便于携带。 4. strike熟义：打击；罢工；撞击 生义：__________________ 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. 他们本可以就计算机的必要性写上几页，但写作本身对他们来说并不重要。 5. count on  熟义：依靠；指望；信赖   生义：__________________ 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire.   只有一件事我没料到：我哥哥决定带他的狗托比一起来，这只50磅重的活力十足的家伙。 The results were staggering. 结果令人震惊。 6. account熟义：账单；描述；叙述；报道 生义：__________________ 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. 我们在有助于快速通行的道路上投入了大量资金，但却未能核算真正的成本。 7. cut熟义：切；割；砍 生义：__________________ 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional photos, another asking for a price cut. 有几条消息进来，一条是要更多照片，另一条是要求降价。 8. spare熟义：抽出；匀出；备用的 生义：__________________ 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) Each exchange provided a chance to spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered. 每一次交流都提供了一个减少垃圾填埋的机会，并取悦了另一个我可能不会遇到的人。 9. piece熟义：块；张；段；部件；部分 生义：__________________ 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. 10. count on熟义：指望；依靠 生义：__________________ 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: ... 11. fire熟义：火；火灾 生义：n. __________________真题例句：(2025全国一卷) There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire. 12. force the issue熟义：强迫问题（字面义）生义：__________________真题例句：(2025全国一卷) Eventually, my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue. 13. part熟义：部分；分开（动词）生义：v. __________________ 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) Clearly, he was unhappy over the way we had parted. After all, I had left him little choice. Well, he’ll get over it, I reasoned. 显然，他对我们当初不欢而散的结局耿耿于怀。说到底，我当时几乎没给他留下选择余地。算了，他总会慢慢释怀的，我心里这样宽慰自己。 14. constant熟义：持续的；不变的 生义：adj. __________________ 真题例句：(2025全国一卷) He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years had passed away a few months earlier. Toby was his constant companion, the one who kept him going. 托比一直是他的忠实伴侣，是支撑他坚持下去的存在。 15. staggering熟义：adj. 蹒跚的；摇晃的 生义：adj. __________________真题例句：(2025全国一卷) The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each. 结果令人震惊：学生们选择了多样的主题，提交的故事每篇长达 10 到 20 页。 16. tap熟义：v. 轻敲；轻拍 生义：n. __________________ 真题例句：...a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap. 17. contagious熟义：adj. （疾病）传染性的 生义：adj. __________________真题例句：(2025全国一卷) Her smile is contagious and can be the difference in a student having a much better day. 18. gesture熟义：n. 手势；姿势（身体动作）生义：n. __________________ 真题例句：A decent winner always tries to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture of respect. 体面的赢家总是试图以仅一两分的优势击败对手，以示尊重。 19. run熟义：v. 跑；经营 n. 跑步 生义：v. __________________ 真题例句：She plans to run the family business after graduation. 她计划毕业后管理家族企业。 20. feature熟义：v. 以…… 为特色 n. 特征 生义：v. __________________ 真题例句：An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum is featuring artwork inspired by Go. 体面的赢家总是试图以仅一两分的优势击败对手，以示尊重。 21.champion熟义：冠军（名词）生义：vt__________________ 真题例句：Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长）to champion " New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through ." Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well . 简·雅各布斯在描述她对拟议用高速公路取代（某处）的担忧时，呼吁市长支持“将纽约建设成一个宜居之地，而不仅仅是匆匆而过的地方”。 22. subject熟义：科目 生义：n. __________________ 真题例句：I found myself wondering just how my students , who ' d created these people , knew their subjects so well. 我不禁好奇，我的学生们创造了这些人物，他们究竟是如何对创作对象了解得如此透彻的。 23. plant .熟义：植物；栽种（作名词和动词） 生义：n. __________________真题例句：We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.   我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂，以便它们能够去除微塑料。 24. up to  熟义：达到（某数量）；处于（某程度） 生义：__________________ 真题例句：Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task.  幸运的是，分析表明可再生能源能够胜任这一任务。 25. still  熟义：adv. 仍，依旧，至今还 生义：adj. __________________  真题例句：Still waters run deep.  静水流深 精炼2真题语料单句填空60例 阅读理解A篇 1. ___________(move) goods and people around the world is responsible ___________ a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). 2. As the world ___________(race) to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts ___________ about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. 3. The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, ___________ lightweight and safe enough ___________(carry) around. 4. Each mode of transport has ___________(it) specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, ___________ here are some of the ___________(solution) to get us going green. 5. The hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for ___________(sustain) fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from ___________(recycle) air. 6. Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into ___________(exist) systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car ___________(far) on a single charge. 7. Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can ___________(make) electric in pretty simple ways. 8. Hydrogen fuel cells are a ___________(light) choice than batteries for trucks, but ___________(make) green hydrogen is expensive. 9. This energy transition (变革) is ___________(globe), and the amount of ___________(renew) energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 10. ___________(fortunate), ___________(analysis) suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the ___________(develop) of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke. 阅读理解B篇 11. In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I ___________(meet) a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died ___________ heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. 12. More than once, I found myself ___________(wonder) just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. 13. Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could ___________( interpret) as a thesis (论点) statement. 14. I was ___________(shock). Then I realized that the problem was the question ___________(it). 15. They could have written pages on the ___________(necessary) of computers, but writing, in and of itself, ___________(simple) didn’t strike them ___________ important. 16. As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a ___________(persuade) piece on a health-related topic of their choice. 17. When the final bell ___________(ring) in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful ___________(significant) — the ability ___________(connect) people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us ___________ it means to be human. 阅读理解C篇 18. ___________ safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, ___________(especial) among young children. 19. Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods ___________(destroy) to make way ___________ new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. 20. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian ___________(journal) who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the ___________(destroy) of her local park. 21. ___________(describe) her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place ___________(live), and not just rush through.” 22. Similar campaigns ___________(occur) in Australia in ___________ late 1960s and 1970s as well. 23. Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the ___________(major) of the western cities were ___________(complete) redesigned around the needs of the motor car. 24. We invest a lot in roads ___________ help us rush through, but we fail ___________(account) for the true costs. 阅读理解D篇 25. Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, ___________(stick) inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside ___________(human). 26. ___________(cruicial), this process relies on the water ___________(contain) enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. 27. In the study, ___________(boil) hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to___________ almost 90 percent drop in plastics. 28. Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic ___________(expose) — a task that’s becoming ___________(increasing) difficult. 29. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, ___________(contain) 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally___________(think) . 30. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, ___________ environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into ___________(upgrade) drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.” 阅读七选五 31. Need a break between classes ___________ just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and more. Not only ___________ this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. 32. Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets ___________(exact) what they order. 33. She goes back and forth between machines ___________(make) the drinks. After finishing ___________ order, she calls out the name on the cup. 34. As the customer ___________(grab) the drink from her hand, she smiles ___________ says, “Hello, how is your day?” 35. Murphy gets up ___________ a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day ___________(get) to work on time. 36. One thing Murphy may not know is ___________ her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day ___________ they were having before seeing her. 37. “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, ___________ always puts me in a ___________(cheer) mood,” Wright said. 38. Murphy has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine ___________(work) anywhere else. She has every ___________(intend) of staying and continuing doing ___________ she loves. 完形填空 39. One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen __________(stare) at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight __________ my wedding. 40. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy __________(empty) out the beloved home our family had spent 23 years __________(fill) up. 41. We had decided on key items for the apartment we were moving to in town, __________(donate) what we could, and rented a place __________(store) our supposedly important objects. 42. I took a picture of the vase and __________(post) it online, for $10. 43. A couple of messages came in, one wanting __________(addition) photos, another__________(ask) for a price cut. 44. The __________(describe): “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left __________(happy) with the vase. 45. I take joy in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is appreciating something __________ couldn’t come with us. 语法填空 46. The movements of the black and white __________(piece) reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, __________ is in charge of the exhibition. 47. “We hope __________ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” 48. “The players’ personalities __________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 49. “A decent winner always __________ (try) to beat the opponent __________ no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” 50. Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the __________ (strategy) placement of the pieces, __________the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, __________ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 读后续写 51. My wife and I wanted __________ (share) our new home with family and friends by hosting a small __________ (gather) in the early summer. 52. There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play. There was just one thing I hadn’t counted __________: My brother chose __________ (bring) his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire. 53. So, when my brother showed up, I asked him __________ (watch) Toby and keep him outside. 54. My plan was working out just fine. Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard __________ giving the kids plenty of room. 55. __________ (eventual ), my brother decided __________ (leave) rather than force the issue. 56. His reply came as __________ surprise — a shock, actually: “Not a chance.” 57. __________ (clear), he was unhappy over the way we had parted. After all, I had left him little __________ (choose). Well, he’ll get over it, I reasoned. 58. Two months passed. My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother, __________ I resisted, __________ (think) he should call first. 59. However, my conscience (良心) kept __________ (bother) me. I tried to put myself __________ my brother’s shoes. 60. He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years __________ (pass) away a few months earlier. Toby was his constant companion, the one who kept him __________ (go). 精炼3熟词生义语境测试20例 1.We must address the problem of air pollution immediately. 2.Providing a breakdown of the statistics into categories will take time. 3.She only buys products from green companies. 4.What really struck me was their enthusiasm. 5.The storm caused a staggering amount of damage. 6.Eventually, you will need to account for your actions/behavior. 7.He had to accept a cut in pay. = He had to accept a pay cut. 8.She was spared from having to answer any more questions. 9.Move your piece forward three spaces. 10.The kids are counting on going to the movies. Don't disappoint them! 11.The puppy is a ball of fire, always running around the house. 12.They would never have addressed the problem if that newspaper article hadn't forced the issue. 13. They finally parted after years of quarrels and different opinions on life.   14.They remained constant friends throughout their lives. 15.The government’s apology was seen as a gesture of goodwill. 16.He quit his job to run a small bookstore in the countryside. 17.Her true feelings were revealed in her diary. 18.We didn’t count on the sudden rain ruining our picnic. 19.She is a lawyer who champions children’s rights. 20.Keep still while I brush your hair. 【答案】 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $