内容正文:
非谓语-infinitive
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非谓语动词概念及形式
和谓语动词有什么关系呢?
2
句子
整个句子就像一个后宫
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动词 - 天子/皇帝
唯我独尊
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非谓语动词 – 太监
一个后宫容不下两个男人
除非加连词,否则一个句子有且只有一个谓语动词!
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非谓语动词概念及形式
动词: 只能当谓语 (受到人称限制,表明时间)
时体态
非谓语动词: 不受限制,除了谓语,什么都当
非限定性
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谓语动词的“三大本领”
表示动作的时间;
表示动作的状态(体);
表示动作的假设,情感等
时间状态语气
通过“动词变位”实现
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The pig eats dimsum.
动词变位
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The pig eats dimsum.
The pig ate dimsum.
动词变位
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The pig eats dimsum.
The pig ate dimsum.
The pig is eating dimsum.
动词变位
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The pig eats dimsum.
The pig ate dimsum.
The pig is eating dimsum.
The pig has eaten dimsum.
这些句子中,谓语动词eat都受到了主语的限制,出现了时间、状态和语气的变化
实际上,这是被限定了的动词
因此,谓语动词有另一个名字:限定性动词(finite verbs)
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The pig eats dimsum.
The pig ate dimsum.
The pig is eating dimsum.
The pig has eaten dimsum.
“限定性动词”
时间
状态
这些句子中,谓语动词eat都受到了主语的限制,出现了时间、状态和语气的变化
实际上,这是被限定了的动词
因此,谓语动词有另一个名字:限定性动词(finite verbs)
12
The pig will eat rice.
The pig must eat rice.
The pig should eat rice.
“限定性动词”
语气
这些句子中,谓语动词eat都受到了主语的限制,出现了时间、状态和语气的变化
实际上,这是被限定了的动词
因此,谓语动词有另一个名字:限定性动词(finite verbs)
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非谓语动词概念及形式
在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式。
形式
不定式
动名词
现在分词
过去分词
概念
除了“当名词”,
你还知道动名词有什么本领吗?
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揭秘动名词
动名词的概念
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动名词的概念
动词是 ,
名词是 ,
动名词是 ,
动名词可以像动词一样带 ,
也可以像名词一样当 。
演员
歌手
跨界歌手
宾语
主语、宾语、和表语
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动名词的概念
动词变过来的名词有何不同?
可以像名词一样当主语、宾语或表语
可以像动词一样带宾语
暗含动作性和持续性
像动词一样灵动,像名词一样稳定
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动名词vs普通名词
Let me buy you a drink.
Drinking is his only vice.
第一个drink ,第二个drinking是 ,drinking暗含动作性和持续性
名词
动名词
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more examples
skiing
skating
mountain-climbing
dancing
jogging
I took a swim this afternoon.
Swimming is my hobby.
动作性+持续性
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Running is good for health.
Eating a good breakfast is good for health.
Running是 ,
Eating a good breakfast 是 ,
它们都做句子的 。
动名词做主语
动名词
动名词短语
主语
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,
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写作情景:谈论 "养成好习惯的重要性",请你写一句总结。
写作任务:用动名词作主语,表达 "养成良好的学习习惯对我们的学业至关重要"。
参考答案:
Forming good learning habits is vital to our academic performance.
Developing good study habits is very important for our studies.
Building good learning habits matters a lot to our schoolwork.
Cultivating good study habits is essential to our academic success.
Building solid learning habits contributes greatly to our academic progress.
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I like to eat a banana after today’s dinner.
动名词做宾语
I like eating bananas.
bananas是eating的 ,
eating bananas和to eat bananas都做句子的
eating bananas和to eat bananas他们有什么区别吗?
宾语
宾语
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
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My dad stopped smoking.
My dad stopped to smoke.
I remember giving you a book yesterday.
I must remember to give you a book tomorrow.
I forgot locking the door.
I forgot to lock the door.
My dad regretted smoking.
My dad regretted to tell me that he failed to quit smoking .
这四组动词后的宾语有什么区别呢?
1. stop doing vs. stop to do
结构 意思 例句 中文
stop doing 停止正在做的事 I stopped eating bananas. 我停止吃香蕉(不吃香蕉了)
stop to do 停下来,去做另一件事 I stopped to eat bananas. 我停下来(去做)吃香蕉这件事
2. forget doing vs. forget to do
结构 意思 例句 中文
forget doing 忘记做过某事(已发生) I forgot doing homework. 我忘记已经做过作业了(作业已经做过了,但我忘了)
forget to do 忘记要去做某事(未发生) I forgot to do homework. 我忘记要做作业了(作业还没做)
3. remember doing vs. remember to do
结构 意思 例句 中文
remember doing 记得做过某事(已发生) I remember locking the door. 我记得锁过门了(已经锁了)
remember to do 记得要去做某事(未发生) Remember to lock the door. 记得要去锁门(还没锁)
4. continue doing vs. continue to do
结构 意思 例句 中文
continue doing 继续做同一件事 I continue dancing. 我继续跳舞(同一件事)
continue to do 继续做(可同一件也可换一件) I continue to dance. 我继续跳舞(基本同义,但可接新动作
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doing = 已做/在做
to do = 要去做(`stop to do`停下一件事去做另一件)
看到forget/remember/stop,先想“做了没”
regret to do遗憾 / 抱歉要去做某事(多用于 say/tell/inform)
下图是forgot locking the door 还是 forgot to lock the do?
forgot locking the door
回到家发现门是锁的,只能站在门口边等爸妈回家边背书
continue to do 和doing可以互换,提醒一下学生;continue doing继续同一件事, continue to do也可以换件事情做
avoid
consider
mind
risk
consider
practice
suggest
avoid
finish
deny
这些动词都有什么特点?
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这些动词有什么特点?
avoid
consider
mind
risk
consider
practice
suggest
avoid
finish
deny
必须用动名词做宾语
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看图说话
practice
He practices playing basketball.
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
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看图说话
Do you mind opening the window?
mind
你只管向前跑,所有人都会为你保驾护航
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非 谓 语
vt. + doing sth
考虑建议盼原谅 consider,suggest/advise,
look forward to, excuse/ pardon
承认推迟没得想 admit,delay/put off, fancy
避免错过继续练 avoid,miss,keep/keep on, practice
巧记方法
advise sb to do, advise doing:He advised going by plane.
pardon 赦免 原谅
he admitted knowing him.
I miss living in the country. 我怀念以前住在乡村的日子。
We only just missed having a nasty accident.
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非 谓 语
vt. + doing sth
否认完成就欣赏 deny,finish,enjoy/
appreciate
禁止想象才冒险 forbid,imagine,risk
不禁介意准逃亡 can’t help, mind,
allow/permit, escape
还有更好的办法吗?
can’t help loving you, 情不自禁爱你
can’t help but do 没办法,不得不
You can't help but accept him.
你没别的法子,只能接受。
allowing smoking, allow sb to do sth
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写出这些动词的英文单词(参考首字母)
P — practice(实施/练习), prevent(防止)
S — suggest(建议), stop(阻止/停止)
M — miss(错过), mind(在意)
E — exercise(操练/演戏)
I — imagine(设想)
C — consider(考虑), can’t help(禁不住)
A — advise(建议), avoid(避免)
F — finish(完成/结束), fancy(设想)
E — escape(避开/逃脱), enjoy(享受…的乐趣)
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
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P — practice(实施/练习), prevent(防止)
S — suggest(建议), stop(阻止/停止)
M — miss(错过), mind(在意)
E — exercise(操练/演戏)
I — imagine(设想)
C — consider(考虑), can’t help(禁不住)
A — advise(建议), avoid(避免)
F — finish(完成/结束), fancy(设想)
E — escape(避开/逃脱), enjoy(享受…的乐趣)
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
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P — practice(实施/练习), prevent(防止)
S — suggest(建议), stop(阻止/停止)
M — miss(错过), mind(在意)
E — exercise(操练/演戏)
I — imagine(设想)
C — consider(考虑), can’t help(禁不住)
A — advise(建议), avoid(避免)
F — finish(完成/结束), fancy(设想)
E — escape(避开/逃脱), enjoy(享受…的乐趣)
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
35
P — practice(实施/练习), prevent(防止)
S — suggest(建议), stop(阻止/停止)
M — miss(错过), mind(在意)
E — exercise(操练/演戏)
I — imagine(设想)
C — consider(考虑), can’t help(禁不住)
A — advise(建议), avoid(避免)
F — finish(完成/结束), fancy(设想)
E — escape(避开/逃脱), enjoy(享受…的乐趣)
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
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P — practice(实施/练习), prevent(防止)
S — suggest(建议), stop(阻止/停止)
M — miss(错过), mind(在意)
E — exercise(操练/演戏)
I — imagine(设想)
C — consider(考虑), can’t help(禁不住)
A — advise(建议), avoid(避免)
F — finish(完成/结束), fancy(设想)
E — escape(避开/逃脱), enjoy(享受…的乐趣)
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
37
P — practice(实施/练习), prevent(防止)
S — suggest(建议), stop(阻止/停止)
M — miss(错过), mind(在意)
E — exercise(操练/演戏)
I — imagine(设想)
C — consider(考虑), can’t help(禁不住)
A — advise(建议), avoid(避免)
F — finish(完成/结束), fancy(设想)
E — escape(避开/逃脱), enjoy(享受…的乐趣)
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
38
P — practice(实施/练习), prevent(防止)
S — suggest(建议), stop(阻止/停止)
M — miss(错过), mind(在意)
E — exercise(操练/演戏)
I — imagine(设想)
C — consider(考虑), can’t help(禁不住)
A — advise(建议), avoid(避免)
F — finish(完成/结束), fancy(设想)
E — escape(避开/逃脱), enjoy(享受…的乐趣)
.can't help doing 情
I can't help thinking he knows more than he has told us.我总觉得他没把他知道的事全告诉我们。不自禁做某事,
般来说can’t help to do后面帮助的事情还没有发生,是在回答不能够去帮助做这件事情,因此后面接的是一般现在时。
She can't help __to__ the house because she's busy making a cake.
3.can't help but do只能做某事,不得不做; 不能不;必须;只好
I can't help but think of Lemei all day. I lose my heart to her.我整天不禁地想到里梅,我已经爱上她了。
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P — practice(实施/练习), prevent(防止)
S — suggest(建议), stop(阻止/停止)
M — miss(错过), mind(在意)
E — exercise(操练/演戏)
I — imagine(设想)
C — consider(考虑), can’t help(禁不住)
A — advise(建议), avoid(避免)
F — finish(完成/结束), fancy(设想)
E — escape(避开/逃脱), enjoy(享受…的乐趣)
.can't help doing 情不自禁做某事,
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P — practice(实施/练习), prevent(防止)
S — suggest(建议), stop(阻止/停止)
M — miss(错过), mind(在意)
E — exercise(操练/演戏)
I — imagine(设想)
C — consider(考虑), can’t help(禁不住)
A — advise(建议), avoid(避免)
F — finish(完成/结束), fancy(设想)
E — escape(避开/逃脱), enjoy(享受…的乐趣)
.can't help doing 情不自禁做某事,
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P — practice(实施/练习), prevent(防止)
S — suggest(建议), stop(阻止/停止)
M — miss(错过), mind(在意)
E — exercise(操练/演戏)
I — imagine(设想)
C — consider(考虑), can’t help(禁不住)
A — advise(建议), avoid(避免)
F — finish(完成/结束), fancy(设想)
E — escape(避开/逃脱), enjoy(享受…的乐趣)
.can't help doing 情不自禁做某事,
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写出这些单词的首字母,按颜色分成三个部分
P — practice(实施/练习),prevent(防止)
S — suggest(建议),stop(阻止/停止)
M — miss(错过),mind(在意)
E — exercise(操练/演戏)
I — imagine(设想)
C — consider(考虑),can’t help(禁不住)
A — advise(建议),avoid(避免)
F — finish(完成/结束),fancy(设想)
E — escape(避开/逃脱),enjoy(享受…的乐趣)
常用:prevent sb (from) doing sth
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
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读一读,发音像什么?
PS MEI CAFE
谐音法?
PS: 没咖啡
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1. She suggested __________ (take) a break after two hours of study.
2. He was afraid of _____________ (punish) by his teacher.
3. He decided ___________ (mention) the unpleasant experience to his parents.
4. The news was so __________ (disappoint) that everyone felt sad.
5. She is considering __________ (apply) for a scholarship abroad.
6. I can’t wait ___________ (meet) my old friends again.
7. He can’t imagine __________ (live) in such a small room.
8. They managed ___________ (escape) from the car accident.
9. I‘m looking forward to __________ (meet) you again.
10. The teacher recommended __________ (read) this book for vocabulary building.
taking
being punished
to mention
disappointing
applying
to meet
living
to escape
meeting
reading
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除了动词后,还有什么词后也加宾语?
介宾
动宾
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介宾
动宾
I am fond of eating noodles.
I consider getting a new haircut.
介宾结构有什么难的?
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to 作为介词
be/get/become used to 习惯于
be given to 喜欢
be related to 与..有关
be addicted to 对…上瘾
be opposed to 反对
devote oneself to 献身于
be devoted to 致力于
be reduced to 使…沦为
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
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I am looking forward to eating noodles.
介宾
难在to的伪装
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to 作为介词
thanks to 多亏了
according to 根据
contribute to 有助于/促成/贡献
be subject to 服从于, 易受…
give rise to 引起
be compared tothe 比较
cling to 附着
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
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to 作为介词
be admitted to 被…录取
reduce…to… 沦为
be attached to 附属于/喜欢
be adjusted to 适应
stick to 坚持
see to 照顾
be sentenced to 被判处
access to 进入, 取得…的方法
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
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to 作为介词
be exposed to 暴露于
be compared to 比较
prefer…to… 更喜欢
be accustomed to 习惯于
get down to 开始做
lead to 导致
object to 反对
add up to 增至
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
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用 contribute to造句
to 作为介词
I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world.
We must actively contribute to preserving world peace.
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
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写作情景:假定你是李华,给校长写邮件,建议学校增设劳动实践课.
硬性任务:必须用到contribute to doing, be used to doing 两处介词 to+doing
参考范文:
1. Adding labour practice courses contributes to developing our sense of responsibility. At present, few of us are used to doing housework in daily life. Such courses will help us build good living skills. I hope my suggestion will be taken into consideration.
2.Adding labour practice courses contributes to easing our study pressure and enriching our school life. At present, most of us are used to sitting in the classroom doing exercises all day and seldom get the chance to do hands-on work. These courses will not only teach us practical skills but also help us develop in an all-round way. I would appreciate it if you could consider my suggestion.
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动名词进阶1
an apple tree
WHAT IS THIS?
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
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动名词当定语
dog food
convenience food
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
56
a swimming pool
这些定语有什么特点?
a walking stick
a driving lesson
a sleeping pill
“这个东西是用来做(这个动作)的。”
或者可以翻译为:“供……使用的”或“用于……的”。
功能或用途
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
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仿照例句口头表达
例:a swimming pool → It is a pool used for swimming.
a dining hall → ________________________
a reading room → ________________________
a waiting room → ________________________
a writing desk → ________________________
a drinking cup → ________________________
It is a hall used for dining
It is a room used for reading
It is a room used for waiting
It is a desk used for writing
It is a cup used for drinking
What are they?
a waiting room
a drinking cup
It’s no use/good doing something.
It’s not any use/good doing something.
It’s useless doing something.
It is pointless doing sth.
There is no use/good doing something.
动名词进阶-2:固定句型
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
60
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, many traditional jobs (replace) by machines in the near future. This trend has caused people _______________ (worry) about their career prospects. However, experts suggest _______________ (focus) on jobs that require human creativity and emotional intelligence.
_______________ (face) with such changes, many workers have decided __________________ (learn) new skills. They spend their spare time _______________ (attend) online courses and __________________ (read) books on new technologies. Some companies also encourage their employees __________________ (take) part in training programs, __________________ (aim) to help them adapt to the new environment.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
will be replaced
to worry
focusing
Faced
to learn
attending
reading
to take
aiming
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
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There is no doubt that AI will continue ____________ (change) our way of life. But instead of ____________ (fear) it, we should learn ____________ (use) it as a tool ____________ (improve) our efficiency. As the saying goes, “____________ (know) how to work with machines is the key to ____________ (succeed) in the future.”
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
to change
fearing
to use
Knowing
succeeding
to improve
时间 人 状态,都不受人或时间限制,太监
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下一节:
现在分词
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