内容正文:
2026秋人教(三起点)PEP版四年级英语上册知识清单
Unit 4 Helping in the community
① 四会 / 三会单词全掌握
💡 四会 = 听·说·读·写全掌握 三会 = 听·说·读要过关
🔴 四会单词(核心必背)
firefighter /ˈfaɪəfaɪtə(r)/消防队员
课本:Our neighbour is a firefighter.
💡 "fire"火+"fighter"战士→与火战斗的战士
why/waɪ/为什么
课本:Why is his job important?
💡 "wh"为什么+"y"呀→为什么呀
driver /ˈdraɪvə(r)/司机
课本:He is a school bus driver.
💡 "drive"驾驶+r→开车的人
cleaner /ˈkliːnə(r)/清洁工
课本:The cleaner keeps our community clean.
💡 "clean"打扫+er人→打扫卫生的人
cook /kʊk/厨师
课本:The cook makes delicious food.
💡 "oo"像两口锅→厨师用两口锅
delivery worker/dɪˈlɪvəri ˈwɜːkə(r)/
快递员
课本:The delivery worker brings packages.
💡 "delivery"递送+worker工人→递送东西的人
police officer /pəˈliːs ˈɒfɪsə(r)/警察;警员
课本:The police officer keeps us safe.
💡 "police"警察+officer官员→警务官员
a lot of /ə lɒt əv/大量;许多
课本:He helps a lot of people.
💡 "a lot"许多+of的→许多的
now/naʊ/现在
课本:I am busy now.
💡 "n"像"闹"+"ow"我→闹我现在
make the bed /meɪk ðə bed/铺床
课本:I make the bed every morning.
💡 "make"做+"bed"床→整理床铺
old /əʊld/过去的;年纪大的;老的
课本:I can sing for old people.
💡 "o"像"老"+"ld"了的→老了的
tell/tel/讲述;告诉
课本:I tell stories for kids.
💡 "t"像"提"+"ell"耳→提着耳朵讲
everyone/ˈevriwʌn/每人
课本:Everyone is important in the community.
💡 "every"每个+"one"人→每个人
Ms /mɪz/
(用于女子的姓氏或姓名前,不指明婚否)女士
课本:Ms Wang is our teacher.
💡 "Ms"密斯→女士
🔵 三会单词(认读过关)
neighbour /ˈneɪbə(r)/邻居
课本:Our neighbour is a firefighter.
💡 "neigh"像"内"+"bour"伯→内伯是邻居
important/ɪmˈpɔːtnt/重要的
课本:What jobs are important?
💡 "im"因+"port"港口+"ant"蚂蚁→因港口蚂蚁重要
volunteer/ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/志愿者
课本:I can volunteer in the community.
💡 "volun"我轮+"teer"提尔→我轮提尔当志愿者
help/help/帮助
课本:He often helps people.
💡 "hel"好+"p"皮→好皮要帮助
safe /seɪf/安全的
课本:The police officer keeps us safe.
💡 "sa"撒+"fe"佛→撒佛保安全
② 核心短语速查表 [必考]
短语
含义
课本原句 / 用法
firefighter
消防队员
Our neighbour is a firefighter.
school bus driver
校车司机
He is a school bus driver.
delivery worker
快递员
The delivery worker brings packages.
police officer
警察
The police officer keeps us safe.
a lot of
大量;许多
He helps a lot of people.
make the bed
铺床
I make the bed every morning.
old people
老人
I can sing for old people.
tell stories
讲故事
I tell stories for kids.
help the community
帮助社区
What can you do to help your community?
keep us safe
保护我们安全
The police officer keeps us safe.
③ 必考句型精讲精练 [重点][难点]
【句型A:询问社区重要工作】 What jobs are important in a community?
基础句:What jobs are important in a community?
拓展改写:What jobs are important in a school? / What jobs are important in a hospital?
→ 用此句型询问某地有哪些重要职业
【句型B:介绍职业及职责】 主语 + be + a/an + 职业. 主语 + often + 动词.
基础句:Our neighbour is a firefighter. He often helps people.
拓展改写:My uncle is a driver. He often takes us to school.
→ 先介绍职业,再用often描述日常工作
【句型C:用一般现在时描述经常性工作】 主语 + takes/brings/keeps + ...
基础句:He is a school bus driver. He takes us to school every day.
拓展改写:She is a cleaner. She keeps our community clean.
→ 第三人称单数动词要加-s/-es:take→takes, keep→keeps
【句型D:询问能为社区做什么】 What can you do to help your community?
基础句:What can you do to help your community?
拓展改写:What can I do to help my school? / What can we do to help old people?
→ to help 表示目的,回答用 I can + 动词原形
【句型E:用 can ... or ... 表达两种可选行动】 I can ... or ...
基础句:I can sing for old people or tell stories for kids.
拓展改写:I can clean the park or help the cleaner.
→ or 连接两个并列的动作,表示"或者"
④ 语音辨音专项 [难点]
📌 本单元语音重点:字母组合 er 发 /ə(r)/ 音(类似"呃"),在词尾常轻读!
🔍 对比辨析
/ə(r)/ 字母组合:er(词尾轻读)
/ɑː/ 字母组合:ar
driver /ˈdraɪvə(r)/ 司机
cleaner /ˈkliːnə(r)/ 清洁工
teacher /ˈtiːtʃə(r)/ 教师
worker /ˈwɜːkə(r)/ 工人
firefighter /ˈfaɪəfaɪtə(r)/ 消防员
sister /ˈsɪstə(r)/ 姐妹
computer /kəmˈpjuːtə(r)/ 电脑
park /pɑːk/ 公园
car /kɑː(r)/ 汽车
star /stɑː(r)/ 星星
arm /ɑːm/ 手臂
far /fɑː(r)/ 远的
farm /fɑːm/ 农场
market /ˈmɑːkɪt/ 市场
✏️ 挖空辨音习题
根据音标,在横线上填入 er 或 ar,完成单词。
1. driv___ /ˈdraɪv___/ 司机
2. p___k /p___k/ 公园
3. teach___ /ˈtiːtʃ___/ 教师
4. c___ /k___/ 汽车
5. clean___ /ˈkliːn___/ 清洁工
6. f___m /f___m/ 农场
7. work___ /ˈwɜːk___/ 工人
8. st___ /st___/ 星星
💡 辨音口诀:er在词尾轻轻哼/ə/(像"呃"),ar在中间张大嘴/ɑː/(像"啊")!
⑤ 单元易混易错专项 [高频错题]
⚠️ 易错点 1:职业名词前 a / an 的用法
❌ 错误:Our neighbour is firefighter.
✅ 正解:单数可数名词前必须加 a/an。
Our neighbour is a firefighter. / He is a police officer.
✓ 口诀:职业前面要加a,单数名词不能裸奔。
⚠️ 易错点 2:第三人称单数动词加-s
❌ 错误:He often help people. / She take us to school.
✅ 正解:he/she/it 作主语时,动词要加-s/-es。
He often helps people. / She takes us to school.
✓ 口诀:他她它,动词尾巴加s。
⚠️ 易错点 3:a lot of 与 many / much 混淆
❌ 错误:He helps many of people. / There are a lot of book.
✅ 正解:a lot of = lots of,既可接可数名词复数,也可接不可数名词。
He helps a lot of people. / There are a lot of books.
✓ 口诀:a lot of真万能,可数不可数都能跟。
⚠️ 易错点 4:can ... or ... 的用法
❌ 错误:I can sing and tell stories or old people.
✅ 正解:or 连接两个并列的动作,表示选择关系。
I can sing for old people or tell stories for kids.
✓ 口诀:or是"或者"选其一,and是"和"都一起。
⚠️ 易错点 5:Ms / Mr / Mrs 的区分
❌ 错误:Mrs Wang is a firefighter.(如果不知道婚否)
✅ 正解:Ms 用于女性(不指明婚否),Mr 用于男性,Mrs 用于已婚女性,Miss 用于未婚女性。
Ms Wang is our teacher. / Mr Zhang is a doctor.
✓ 口诀:Mr先生男,Ms女士婚不明,Mrs夫人已婚定,Miss小姐未嫁成。
★ 独家创新:单元主题情景小语段
🚒 情景主题:People in My Community(我社区里的人们)
I live in a happy community. Our neighbour is a firefighter. He often helps people. He keeps us safe. Ms Wang is a school bus driver. She takes us to school every day. She is very kind.
Mr Li is a cleaner. He keeps our community clean. The delivery worker brings packages to our home. The police officer keeps us safe too. Everyone is important in our community. I can sing for old people or tell stories for kids. I make the bed every morning. I want to help my community too!
📝 语段任务:① 找出文中所有职业名称
② 用"What can you do to help...?"仿写一段话
③ 划出所有含有 er /ə(r)/ 发音的单词
★ 独家创新:易混词对比速查表
对比组
词A
词B
记忆区分法
职业类
firefighter 消防员
灭火救人
police officer 警察
维护治安
firefighter打火,police officer抓坏人
职业类
driver 司机
开车
cleaner 清洁工
打扫卫生
driver开车跑,cleaner打扫扫
称谓
Mr 先生
(男性)
Ms 女士
(婚否不明)
Mr是先生,Ms是女士(不问婚否)
动词
tell 讲述
(tell stories)
help 帮助
(help people)
tell是讲,help是帮,动作不同要分清
数量
a lot of 许多
(可数/不可数)
many 许多
(只接可数)
a lot of万能王,many只跟可数名
连词
and 和
(两者都)
or 或者
(二选一)
and是"和"全都要,or是"或者"选其一
时态
every day 每天
(一般现在时)
now 现在
(现在进行时)
every day表经常,now表现在
✎ Unit 4 基础自测题
1.选出不同类的一项:( )
A. firefighter
B. driver
C. teacher
D. school
2. Our neighbour is ______ firefighter.( )
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
3. He often ______ people.( )
A. help
B. helps
C. helping
D. to help
4.She ______ us to school every day.( )
A. take
B. takes
C. taking
D.to take
5.选出划线部分发音不同的一项:( )
A. driver
B. cleaner
C. teacher
D. park
6. I can sing for old people ______ tell stories for kids.( )
A. and
B. or
C. but
D. so
7.He helps ______ people.( )
A. a lot
B. a lot of
C. lot of
D. many of
8. ______ Wang is our teacher.(不指明婚否)( )
A. Mr
B. Mrs
C. Ms
D. Miss
9. The police officer keeps ______ safe.( )
A. we
B. us
C. our
D. ours
10. 判断正误:"I can sing for old people and tell stories for kids."这句话中and可以换成or。( )
A. 正确
B. 错误
📋 参考答案与解析
挖空辨音习题
1.driver 答案:er 解析:词尾er 发 /ə(r)/。
2.park 答案:ar 解析:ar 发 /ɑː/。
3.teacher 答案:er 解析:词尾er 发 /ə(r)/。
4.car 答案:ar 解析:ar 发 /ɑː/。
5.cleaner 答案:er 解析:词尾er 发 /ə(r)/。
6.farm 答案:ar 解析:ar 发 /ɑː/。
7.worker 答案:er 解析:词尾er 发 /ə(r)/。
8.star 答案:ar 解析:ar 发 /ɑː/。
💡总解析:er 在单词末尾轻读 /ə(r)/;ar 在单词中读长音 /ɑː/。
语段任务:
①找出文中所有职业名称
参考答案:firefighter, school bus driver, cleaner, delivery worker, police officer
解析:这 5 个单词 / 短语都是描述社区里人们工作身份的职业名词。
②用 “What can you do to help...?” 仿写一段话
示例:What can you do to help your community?I can clean the park or help old people. I can also tell stories for kids. I want to do something for our community.
说明:套用句型What can you do to help…?,回答用I can + 动词原形,可以选社区相关活动。
③划出所有含有 er /ə(r)/ 发音的单词
参考答案:neighbour, firefighter, driver, cleaner, delivery worker, officer, worker
解析:单词词尾的‑er弱读为 /ə(r)/。
基础自测题:
1.D 解析:school 学校;其余全部是职业名词。
2.A 解析:firefighter 辅音音素 /f/ 开头,用不定冠词 a。
3.B 解析:He 是第三人称单数,一般现在时动词用 helps。
4.B 解析:She 是第三人称单数,take 变为 takes。
5.D 解析:park 中 ar 发 /ɑː/;A/B/C 词尾 er 都发 /ə(r)/。
6.B 解析:本单元重点句型 can…or…,or 表示 “或者” 两种选择。(填 and 语法也成立,但本单元考点为 or)
7.B 解析:a lot of + 名词;a lot 后面不加名词;lot of、many of 为错误搭配。
8.C 解析:Ms 用于不指明婚否的女性。
9.B 解析:keep 动词后面接人称代词宾格 us。
10.A 解析:语法上 and、or 都可以连接两个 can 后的动词短语,但语义不同。
and:我既可以给老人唱歌,也可以给孩子讲故事(两件事都做)
or:我可以给老人唱歌,或者给孩子讲故事(二选一)
句子语法成立,可以替换,只是表达含义改变。
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