七选五仿真练习2-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 本专项通过系统提炼七选五解题方法，构建"逻辑链+语篇结构"双维训练体系，培养学生语言理解与逻辑推理能力，契合高考语篇衔接题型考查要求。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |七选五综合训练|5篇25题|涵盖段尾转折、代词回指、递进关系等8类解题技巧，强调"前后句关键词复现+逻辑关系匹配"|以"空格位置功能→语篇衔接手段→干扰项排除策略"为逻辑主线，构建"识别-分析-验证"解题闭环|

高三七选五仿真练习 2 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Passage 1 From Filth to Flame Shenzhen's Yulong Landfill(垃圾填埋场) once held 2.5 million cubic meters of waste — enough to fill about 1,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools. Built in 1983 and capped in 2005, the 50-meter mound then sat untouched for more than two decades.____(1)____ As the city grew, the site moved from the empty edge of town to what is now its busy center. In late 2024 the authorities began a full excavation, moving 6,000 tons of waste a day along six conveyor belts.____(2)____Organic matter, inorganic aggregate and light combustibles are sent down separate paths, so that each can be treated on its own. The largest canopy in China, spanning up to 280 meters, covers the site, with a misting system that holds dust and odor down. Workers on site wear masks against the fine spray. Inside the furnace, the waste burns at 1,100 degrees Celsius for two hours; holding 850 degrees for two seconds breaks down dioxins. The plant's dioxin emission is 0.004 nanograms per cubic meter, far below the national limit of 0.1.____(3)____The project is expected to yield 330,000 tons of combustible material, generating 100 million kilowatt-hours of electricity — enough to power 26,000 households for a year. Leftover ash is pressed into eco-bricks(生态砖) tougher than clay and used in roads. ____(4)____Early plants had to pour diesel into their furnaces just to keep them burning. Professor Yan Jianhua's team built a fluidized-bed technology made for high-moisture waste, and China's incineration equipment is now produced entirely at home. Waste, as one engineer put it, is simply a resource in the wrong place.____(5)____By May 2025 Chinese firms were running 79 waste-to-energy projects overseas. The aim of a 'Waste-Free City,' though, is not more furnaces but less waste to begin with. A. The load is sorted into groups based on what each part is made of. B. China's wet household waste once made burning especially hard. C. In late 2024, however, the city resolved to excavate the site and put the land to use again. D. Public worry still focuses on dioxin escaping into the surrounding air. E. That figure, however, is only one of the plant's payoffs. F. The process even recovers the water used for cooling the machinery. G. The same idea now reaches well past a single city. Passage 2 The Longevity Clinic Down the Street Zhu Jie, a 44-year-old business owner, was the first client at a Shanghai longevity clinic(长寿门诊). After three months of advice on diet, sleep and exercise, he improved four health markers — blood pressure, blood sugar, blood lipids and uric acid. The model is spreading fast: Beijing Geriatric Hospital opened a proactive-health center this March.____(1)____ Across China, about 50 medical institutions have opened similar clinics in the past three years, most pairing Western check-ups with traditional Chinese medicine.____(2)____It also covers often-ignored signals such as muscle strength, balance, walking speed and hormone levels. The clinics first targeted people aged 50 to 65, yet two-thirds of patients turned out to be 40 to 50. They avoid asking for a one-time overhaul, guiding patients with small, visible wins.____(3)____Parkway Shanghai favors step-by-step change: one patient near 70 lost about 15 kilograms in half a year and moved a fatty liver from severe to mild. ____(4)____Identifying risks early is cheaper than treating serious illness later, says one doctor — a wise investment, not a luxury. Xiangya Hospital built an AI model from 140 blood tests plus imaging that estimates a person's biological age instead of counting wrinkles. A 2024 paper listed 14 such biomarkers of aging, agreed by 60 experts worldwide. Such work turns aging from a mystery into a measurable score. Unlike old geriatric clinics that wait for disease, these centers act before it appears.____(5)____A 2024 State Council document even named the anti-aging industry for the first time, giving the field official backing. A. The reason is that middle-aged people notice the earliest warnings. B. His case is not unusual. C. The shift reflects a larger change in how China views health. D. Most patients still prefer traditional hospitals for major operations. E. The check-up starts with a broad health review. F. Doctors warn that such clinics serve only the very wealthy. G. The science behind it is getting sharper. Passage 3 Is Social Media a Good News Source? For decades people turned to newspapers, radio or television to learn what was happening.____(1)____ A 2022 report found that 3.9 million people in the UK watched news on TikTok, up from 800,000 only two years before, and 29% of UK teenagers now name Instagram as their main news source. Clearly, social media has grown into a main channel for following the world. Even world leaders now post directly to the public.____(2)____A short, snappy post or a quick video is simply easier to take in than a full newspaper — which means people often absorb more news without even trying. ____(3)____Official news organisations check facts and sources before they publish, but anyone can post online without doing so. A story from an unofficial account may reach millions of readers and still not be true, which is exactly why some teachers now coach students to verify before they share. Social media also gives a stage to voices the mainstream misses, highlighting events from places big outlets ignore.____(4)____In one Ofcom study, the body that oversees UK media, TikTok users said they got more news from people they follow than from official organisations — a sign that the line between 'source' and 'reader' has blurred. Research shows British users spend about 108 minutes a day on social media, so turning to a newspaper or the TV for news can be a welcome break from the screen.____(5)____The Big Debate page aims to present both sides fairly and leave the final call to the reader. A. New technology has added more ways to get news, and social media is now one of them. B. News there also comes in a friendly form, like a quick post or video, that is easier to digest than a paper. C. However, many readers doubt that news on social media can be trusted. D. It even lets ordinary users share what they saw with their own eyes during a major event. E. So is social media a fit place to get your news? That is for each of us to decide. F. Older audiences still take nearly all their news from television and radio. G. Schools have started lessons on telling real news from fake posts. Passage 4 Should Chatbots Be Banned in School? A chatbot is a program that replies in a natural, casual way, like a person. When asked, it searches the web, gathers facts and gives an answer — it can draft an essay, write song lyrics or explain a math step. The notion is old: MIT's ELIZA, the first chatbot, appeared back in 1966.____(1)____ Within a week of launch it had over a million users, and was quickly banned in school districts across the US.____(2)____If schools cannot tell whether a piece was written by a student, the learning itself is lost. Some schools now ask for drafts and rough notes, not just a final file. ____(3)____Getting help with schoolwork is fine, but chatbots are not always right — and what is worse, students may skip the thinking the assignment was meant to build. Why not teach them to use these tools responsibly, the way they already use calculators or dictionaries? Used well, a chatbot can start research, teach vocabulary and suggest the next step in a problem.____(4)____Overworked teachers can even draft assignments and lesson plans tuned to each student's pace. It can also pull a shy student into debate, building speech and critical-thinking skills. One teacher reported quieter students speaking up for the first time. Technology is reshaping education, and banning it will not stop that.____(5)____The aim is not to fear the machine but to help students think with it. A. The same tool can lighten a teacher's load, too. B. Worse still, it may read like the student's own voice. C. The task is to teach students how to use it well. D. Students say they learn more from books than from any software. E. The best-known example is ChatGPT. F. Most teachers believe chatbots should be removed from all classrooms. G. Still, the answer is not to shut the tools out. Passage 5 Why Diversity Beats Monoculture Monoculture(单一栽培) means growing the same crop over huge areas with little variation; polyculture, by contrast, mixes different plants. Uniform fields suit machines, so one variety can feed cities at low cost.____(1)____Scale and the easy spread of useful traits give monoculture real advantages — it feeds billions through mass production. For decades that alone justified the method. ____(2)____The Irish potato famine of the 1840s hit hardest where a single variety dominated, and the once-common Gros Michel banana all but vanished when Panama disease swept its fields. Uniform rows and machine harvesting also wear out the soil, so farms lean on chemical fertilizer and more irrigation.____(3)____Climate change, too, may ruin land that suits one cultivar while another would thrive. Years of uniform cropping also shrink the pool of seeds we keep, losing traits we may need later. A single disease could then undo a whole season's work. Just as a natural environment produces biodiversity, so too does the world of research produce diversity in method and thought.____(4)____Many breakthroughs credited to one name were in fact made at the same time by several teams working apart. Small teams using different methods often land on the same finding, a sign the field is alive. Diversity works because it reflects a healthy setting — for plants or for ideas.____(5)____ In science, as in farming, a single favored approach can quietly leave us unprepared for what comes next. The history of science favors the many over the one, again and again. A. Nor is the damage limited to the ground. B. That truth holds for ideas as well as crops. C. It carries a bad name, yet there are sound reasons to use it. D. Modern machines have made polyculture impossible on big farms. E. Disease is the clearest danger. F. Farmers should simply plant more of the same crop to boost yield. G. The pattern shows up in how discoveries are made. 第二部分 答案与解析 Passage 1　From Filth to Flame 答案：1. C 2. A 3. E 4. B 5. G 逐题解析 第 1 空　C. In late 2024, however, the city resolved to excavate the site and put the land to use again. 段尾转折 + 时间线。 前一句说垃圾山“闲置二十多年”，本段结尾必须有个从静到动的转弯，才能接下一段的“全面开挖”。C 项用 However 一拐，late 2024 跟后文开挖时间严丝合缝，excavate the site（开挖）预告了下一段动作，段尾一收，下文顺势展开。 第 2 空　A. The load is sorted into groups based on what each part is made of. 被动句式平行 + 材质词复现。 空后说“有机质、无机骨料和轻可燃物分三路走”，这是“按材质分”。空处得先说“按构成来分拣”这个总盘子。A 项 made of 跟后文 organic / inorganic / combustibles 是同一回事，sorted into groups 与 separate paths 也是“总—分”的关系，正好对上。 第 3 空　E. That figure, however, is only one of the plant's payoffs. That 回指数字 + However 递进。 前句刚甩出二恶英排放 0.004（远低于国标 0.1），That figure 一定得指这个具体数；后句又丢出 1 亿度电、2.6 万户等一串能源数据。E 项 That figure 回指前句数字，only one of the payoffs 用 However 把“减排”翻向“产能”这个更大好处，前后对应。 第 4 空　B. China's wet household waste once made burning especially hard. 段首主题句 + wet waste 复现。 这一段一开头先立论：中国家庭垃圾“湿”、焚烧特别难。空处得先把这个难点亮出来，后面才好接“早期厂子灌柴油”的老办法和“严团队流化床”的新解法。B 项 wet household waste 直接跟后文 moisture（含水高）和 diesel（额外燃料）挂钩，先抛问题、段中再给答案，符合“段首立论—段中支撑”的结构。 第 5 空　G. The same idea now reaches well past a single city. 段中递进 + the same idea 回指。 前句“垃圾只是放错地方的资源”是全文的关键，空后“79 个海外项目”是它走出国门的证据。G 项用递进把视野从深圳推到全国乃至海外，reaches well past a single city 跟 overseas 互相解释，承上启下。 干扰项辨析 D. Public worry still focuses on dioxin escaping into the surrounding air. 话题近、没前钩的干扰。 dioxin 在空 3 附近出现过，容易顺手选；但空 3 要的是“从减排拐到产能”的递进句，D 项只在那嘀咕“公众还担心二恶英”，既没 That figure 回指，又跟全文“排放远低于国标、已不是问题”的真正观点相反。 F. The process even recovers the water used for cooling the machinery. 凭空冒出来的干扰。 全文讲分拣、焚烧、发电、制砖，从没提“回收冷却水”；F 项硬塞一道新工序，跟哪一空的前后句都对不上接口，典型的“看着像补充、其实跑题”。 Passage 2　The Longevity Clinic Down the Street 答案：1. B 2. E 3. A 4. G 5. C 逐题解析 第 1 空　B. His case is not unusual. His case 回指 + 段尾收束。 前句拿朱杰一个人开刀，本段结尾用 B 项把“个例”升成“普遍现象”，段尾一收，下一段立刻拉出“全国约 50 家机构”的数据，由个例延申到普遍。 第 2 空　E. The check-up starts with a broad health review. It 回指 + also 平行。 空后说“It also covers 常被忽略的信号…”，这个 It 得有个指代，而且 also 要求空处先讲“覆盖什么”。E 项 The check-up starts with a broad health review 给了 It 的所指（体检），broad review 与 also covers 形成“总—分”补充。 第 3 空　A. The reason is that middle-aged people notice the earliest warnings. The reason is 因果 + 数据解释。 前句给个反差：目标 50–65 岁，实际三分之二是 40–50 岁。空处得解释为什么。A 项 The reason is 直接抓住反差，middle-aged people / earliest warnings 跟后文“40 到 50”严丝合缝，还给下段“循序渐进干预中年人”埋了伏笔。 第 4 空　G. The science behind it is getting sharper. 段首主题句 + it/science 回指。 这一段一开头先立论：背后的“科学”越来越 sharp。空处得先把预防医学的科学味提出来，后面才接“早识别更省钱”和“湘雅 140 项血检练出衰老时钟”。G 项用段首把“理念→技术”的推进先亮出来，it 回指预防医学，getting sharper 总领后面的 AI 模型。 第 5 空　C. The shift reflects a larger change in how China views health. The shift 回指 + 段中总结。 前句“病前就出手”是全文观点表达，空后“国务院文件首次点名抗衰产业”是政策盖章。C 项 The shift 回指“从治疗到预防”的转向，larger change in how China views health 跟后文 official backing 互相解释，承上启下。 干扰项辨析 D. Most patients still prefer traditional hospitals for major operations. 话题错位的干扰。 全文聊的是“还没病就防”的长寿门诊，D 项却把话题拽回“大病开刀去传统医院”，跟“not yet ill（还没生病）”的定位直接撞车；而且全文没有哪一空在讨论手术偏好，没处出处。 F. Doctors warn that such clinics serve only the very wealthy. 褒贬相反的干扰。 文中明说早筛是“明智投资而非奢侈”、还进了 50 家机构趋于普及；F 项“只服务富人”跟这个向上、普惠的观点相反，但第 5 空要的是总结“观念转变”，不是质疑。 Passage 3　Is Social Media a Good News Source? 答案：1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. E 逐题解析 第 1 空　A. New technology has added more ways to get news, and social media is now one of them. 段尾总起 + 时间推进。 前句说“几十年来大家靠报纸、广播、电视看新闻”，本段结尾用 A 项先把“看新闻的渠道变多了”这个盘子铺开，段尾一收，下一段立刻用 TikTok 3.9M、Instagram 29% 数据承接，“总—分”结构明显。 第 2 空　B. News there also comes in a friendly form, like a quick post or video, that is easier to digest than a paper. also 平行 + 同义复现。 前句讲“新闻刷着刷着就蹦出来，顺手就能看”，空后说“短平快的帖子或视频比整张报纸好咽”。B 项 also comes in a friendly form 用 also 跟前句“容易够着”并列，a quick post or video 跟后文 short, snappy post 原词复现，easier to digest than a paper 又跟后文 easier than a newspaper 对上，三处全能对应。 第 3 空　C. However, many readers doubt that news on social media can be trusted. 段首转折 + 信任主题。 这一段一开头就掉头：很多读者不信社交平台上的新闻。空处得在段首把“不信任”立起来，后面才好接“官方机构发稿前核查、网上谁都能发”。C 项 However 先把调子拐过来，many readers doubt… can be trusted 点出“信任”这个核心词，后文顺着“不放心”接着展开。 第 4 空　D. It even lets ordinary users share what they saw with their own eyes during a major event. even 递进 + 用户视角复现。 前句讲“社交平台给主流忽略的声音搭了台”，空后举 Ofcom 调查“用户更信自己关注的号”。D 项 even lets ordinary users share what they saw 用 even 把“多元声音”再推一层，ordinary users / saw with their own eyes 跟后文 people they follow（自己关注的人）、major event 互相照应，逻辑链顺畅。 第 5 空　E. So is social media a fit place to get your news? That is for each of us to decide. 段中反问 + 收束到读者。 前句讲“英国人每天泡在社交平台 108 分钟，看报纸电视反而是种休息”，空后说“本栏目力求两边摆平、把结论留给你”。E 项用 So is social media a fit place… 把全场争议收成一个问句，That is for each of us to decide 又跟后文 leave the final call to the reader 同义复现。 干扰项辨析 F. Older audiences still take nearly all their news from television and radio. 话题沾边、没接口的干扰。 原文确实提到“年纪大的人更爱电视广播”，F 项说“老年观众几乎全靠电视广播”看着像回事；但它跟任何一空的前后句都对不上——空 1 要的是“渠道变多”，不是“老人靠啥”，空处无处体现，“电视”这个词会误导你。 G. Schools have started lessons on telling real news from fake posts. 凭空加戏的干扰。 全文没提过学校开媒介素养课，G 项硬编一条“学校教辨别真假新闻”，听着挺合理，但哪一空的前后句都没给它留位置，属于“看着该有、其实多余”的选项。 Passage 4　Should Chatbots Be Banned in School? 答案：1. E 2. B 3. G 4. A 5. C 逐题解析 第 1 空　E. The best-known example is ChatGPT. 段尾例证 + 同义复现。 前句泛泛说“聊天机器人能写文章、写歌词、讲题”，本段结尾用 E 项把泛指具象化一个具体产品，is ChatGPT 跟下一段 launch / banned 严丝合缝，段尾进一步从类别到个例展开。 第 2 空　B. Worse still, it may read like the student's own voice. Worse still 递进 + it 回指。 前句讲“信息可能假、可能不全”，空后讲“学校分不清是不是学生写的，学习就丢了”。B 项 it 回指聊天机器人吐出来的东西，Worse still 在“虚假”之上再叠一层“像学生本人写的”，正好推出后文 cannot tell whether written by a student，属于递进关系。 第 3 空　G. Still, the answer is not to shut the tools out. 段首立论 + Still 让步。 这一段开头先给结论：答案不是把工具关门外。空处得先把立场钉死，后面才接“作业帮帮忙没问题、但别跳过思考”和“为啥不教着用”。G 项用段首先把“不禁止”亮出来，Still 接住上一段的让步，not to shut out 跟后文 Why not teach… 说的是 同一个观点，因此锁定答案。 第 4 空　A. The same tool can lighten a teacher's load, too. The same tool 回指 + too 平行。 前句讲聊天机器人帮学生“起步研究、教词汇、指下一步”，空后讲“累坏的老师能拿来拟作业和教案”。A 项 The same tool 回指 chatbot，lighten a teacher's load, too 用 too 把受益对象从学生顺推到老师，跟后文 Overworked teachers 直接对应。 第 5 空　C. The task is to teach students how to use it well. 段中总结 + 同义复现。 前句“禁是禁不掉的”，空后“目的不是怕机器，而是帮学生学会跟它一起想”。C 项 The task is to teach… how to use it well 里 use it well 跟后文 think with it 同义复现，而且用“任务”结尾，把全文从“禁不禁”拉到“怎么教”。 干扰项辨析 D. Students say they learn more from books than from any software. 话题外干扰。 全文盯着“校园该不该用聊天机器人”这条论证线，从没让学生比“书跟软件谁学得多”；D 项凭空抛个学生表态，跟哪一空前后句都没接口，但仗着 students / software 这些高频词迷惑人。 F. Most teachers believe chatbots should be removed from all classrooms. 立场相反的干扰。 全文立场是“禁不掉、该教着用”，空 3 的正确项明说“别把工具关门外”；F 项“多数老师主张全教室清除”跟这立场正相反，但第 3 空要的是“让步之后仍主张使用”的过渡，不是回到禁止。 Passage 5　Why Diversity Beats Monoculture 答案：1. C 2. E 3. A 4. G 5. B 逐题解析 第 1 空　C. It carries a bad name, yet there are sound reasons to use it. Yet 让步转折 + It 回指。 前句刚下定义“monoculture = 单一种植”，空后讲“规模带来真好处——它靠量产喂饱几十亿人”。C 项 It 回指 monoculture，carries a bad name 接住“单一种植”常带的贬义，yet 一转引出“确有理由用”，正好托起后面的好处论述，是明确的转折。 第 2 空　E. Disease is the clearest danger. 段首主题句 + disease 复现。 这一段一开头先抛核心：病害是最明显的危险。空处得先把 disease 这个关键词立起来，后面才好接“爱尔兰马铃薯饥荒”和“大麦克香蕉死于巴拿马病”两个例证。E 项以段首主题句身份领起全段，disease 跟 famine（枯萎病）/ Panama disease 同义复现，例证也出现的很合理。 第 3 空　A. Nor is the damage limited to the ground. Nor 追加否定 + the damage 回指。 前句讲“机器耕作耗尽土壤、靠化肥灌溉”，空后讲“气候变化也会毁掉只适合某品种的地”。A 项 the damage 回指土壤退化，Nor… limited to the ground 用追加否定把危害从“地下”推到“气候/品种”，跟后文 climate change 无缝衔接。 第 4 空　G. The pattern shows up in how discoveries are made. The pattern 回指 + 类比衔接。 前句是类比句“正如自然出多样性，科研也出多样性”，空后举“很多突破其实是多个团队同时做出”。G 项 The pattern 回指前句规律，shows up in how discoveries are made 总领后面的“同期多团队并发”继续列举说明。 第 5 空　B. That truth holds for ideas as well as crops. 段尾总结 + ideas/crops 复现。 前句说“多样性有效，因为它反映健康的环境——对植物或对观念”，本段结尾用 B 项把农业类比收成一个总结句，下一段再用“In science, as in farming…”从科研角度收束全篇。That truth 回指“多样性有益”，ideas as well as crops 跟后文 science / farming 同义复现，完成结尾。 干扰项辨析 D. Modern machines have made polyculture impossible on big farms. 没依据的干扰。 全文只说机器耕作“加剧”单一化、带来土壤依赖，并没说polyculture“不可能”；D 项把程度夸成绝对，还跟第 1 空“单一栽培有用、但需多样性”的辩证基调拧着，但第 3 空要的是“危害不限于土壤”的递进，不是否定polyculture。 F. Farmers should simply plant more of the same crop to boost yield. 立场相反的干扰。 全文主旨正是“过度单一栽培脆弱、需要多样性”，F 项却主张“干脆多种同一作物增产”，跟核心论点正相反，但第 1 空要的是“先抑后扬”，不是无保留地鼓吹单一栽培。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $