Unit1 The Changing World语法精讲及练习 2026-2027学年人教版九年级上册英语

该初中英语知识清单聚焦一般过去时与现在完成时的对比及used to结构。从一般过去时的含义、句式结构、时间标志词和动词变化规则入手，过渡到现在完成时的对应要素，通过对比表格明确两者时间关联与标志词差异，最后整合used to结构及中考高频考点，构建递进式学习支架。 知识链路以“基础要素-对比辨析-应用拓展”为逻辑主线，通过结构表、对比表格等可视化工具帮助学生清晰掌握时态差异，体现思维品质的分析比较能力。配套练习题涵盖单选、填空、改写句子，结合考点解析强化应用，助力提升语言能力和学习策略，形成“讲解-对比-练习”的闭环学习路径。

人教版九年级上册英语 · 语法知识精讲与配套练习 · Unit 1 人教版九年级上册英语 语法知识精讲与配套练习 Unit 1 The Changing World 本单元语法焦点：一般过去时 vs 现在完成时 一、一般过去时（Simple Past Tense） 1. 含义 表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。动作已结束，与现在无关联。 2. 句式结构表 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 She visited Beijing yesterday. 否定句 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他 He didn't go to school last week. 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? Did you watch TV last night? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形? Where did you go this morning? 3. 常用时间标志词 yesterday, last night/week/month/year, ...ago (two days ago), just now, in + 过去年份 (in 2020), the day before yesterday 4. 动词过去式变化规则 规则 构成方法 例词 一般情况 直接加 -ed want → wanted, play → played 以e结尾 直接加 -d hope → hoped, live → lived 重读闭音节结尾 双写末尾辅音字母再加 -ed stop → stopped, plan → planned 辅音字母+y结尾 变y为i再加 -ed study → studied, worry → worried 5. 常见不规则动词（必背） 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 go went make made do did give gave have had say said see saw tell told eat ate write wrote take took read read come came swim swam get got run ran drink drank bring brought know knew think thought buy bought speak spoke 二、现在完成时（Present Perfect Tense） 1. 含义 表示从过去某一时刻开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，或者过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 2. 句式结构表 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他 I have finished my homework. 否定句 主语 + haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 + 其他 She hasn't eaten breakfast yet. 一般疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他? Have you read this book? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词? How long have you lived here? 3. 常用时间标志词 already（肯定句句中）, yet（否定句/疑问句句末）, ever, never, just, recently, so far, since + 时间点, for + 时间段, in the past few years, up to now 4. 一般过去时 vs 现在完成时 对比 对比维度 一般过去时 现在完成时 时间关联 有明确过去时间，动作已结束，与现在无关 无明确过去时间，强调对现在的影响或持续 典型标志词 yesterday, last..., ...ago, in 2020 already, yet, ever, never, since, for 例句 I lived in Beijing in 2010.（只说过去住过） I have lived in Beijing for 10 years.（现在仍住） 三、used to 结构 1. 含义 表示"过去常常……"，暗示现在已不再如此。 2. 句式结构 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + used to + 动词原形 + 其他 We used to walk to school. 否定句 主语 + didn't use to + 动词原形（常用） He didn't use to like music. 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形? Did you use to play outside? 四、中考高频考点 ① 看到 yesterday / last... / ...ago / just now 等标志词，动词必须用过去式。 ② 现在完成时中， haven't / hasn't 后接动词过去分词。 ③ since + 时间点（since 2020），for + 时间段（for ten years），搭配延续性动词。 ④ used to 的否定和疑问用 didn't use to（不是 didn't used to）。 ⑤ 区分关键：有具体过去时间 → 一般过去时；强调对现在的影响或持续到现在 → 现在完成时。 配套练习题 一、单项选择（10题，每题1分，共10分） 1. Great changes ______ in my hometown in the past ten years. A. took place B. have taken place C. are taking place 2. — Where ______ you ______ yesterday afternoon? A. were; stayed B. did; stay C. do; stay 3. She ______ to be afraid of the dark, but now she isn't. A. used B. uses C. is used 4. — Have you ever ______ to the Great Wall? A. go B. went C. been 5. He ______ in this city since he was born. A. lives B. lived C. has lived 6. I ______ a letter to my friend just now. A. write B. wrote C. have written 7. — Did you watch the football match last night? A. Yes, I watched B. Yes, I did C. Yes, I do 8. My father ______ smoking two years ago. A. gave up B. gives up C. has given up 9. She has already ______ her homework. A. finish B. finished C. finishing 10. — How long ______ you ______ English? A. have; learned B. did; learn C. do; learn 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（5题，每题2分，共10分） 1. I ______ (live) in this city since 2015. 2. He ______ (not go) to school yesterday because he was ill. 3. She used to ______ (get) up early, but now she doesn't. 4. They ______ (visit) the museum last week. 5. — How long have you had this book? — I ______ (have) it for two years. 三、改写句子（5题，每题2分，共10分） 1. She went to Beijing in 2020.（改为现在完成时） → She ______ ______ to Beijing. 2. He used to play basketball after school.（改为否定句） → He ______ ______ ______ play basketball after school. 3. I have lived here for ten years.（对划线部分提问） → ______ ______ ______ you lived here? 4. They finished the work yesterday.（改为一般疑问句） → ______ they ______ the work yesterday? 5. Tom has already read this novel.（改为否定句） → Tom ______ ______ this novel ______. 参考答案 一、单项选择 1. B（in the past ten years 是现在完成时标志词） 2. B（yesterday afternoon 用一般过去时，助动词用 did） 3. A（used to do 表示"过去常常"） 4. C（have been to 表示"去过某地"） 5. C（since 引导的时间状语，用现在完成时） 6. B（just now 用一般过去时） 7. B（Did 开头的一般疑问句，简略回答用 did） 8. A（two years ago 用一般过去时） 9. B（has + 过去分词，already 用于肯定句句中） 10. A（How long 问持续时间，用现在完成时） 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. have lived（since 2015 用现在完成时） 2. didn't go（yesterday 用一般过去时否定） 3. get（used to + 动词原形） 4. visited（last week 用一般过去时） 5. have had（for two years 用现在完成时，have 的过去分词是 had） 三、改写句子 1. has been（现在完成时结构） 2. didn't use to（used to 的否定用 didn't use to） 3. How long have（对 for + 时间段提问用 How long） 4. Did; finish（一般过去时疑问句用 Did，动词还原） 5. hasn't read; yet（肯定句 already → 否定句 yet，has → hasn't） 第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $